阅读说明：本技术 一种自锁弹性加压髓内针 (Self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle ) 是由 李海元 赵新洁 李东贤 罗爱民 赵国良 胡国辉 周中位 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自锁弹性加压髓内针,包括髓内针主体,所述髓内针主体包括自钻自攻式刃口、骨螺纹A、反切销刃口、锁定螺纹和自钻刃口,锁定螺纹两端分别连接自钻刃口和反切销刃口,所述反切销刃口上开设骨螺纹A,反切销刃口在骨螺纹A的顶端开设自钻自攻式刃口,所述髓内针主体的锁定螺纹上套接锁定尾帽；所述锁定尾帽包括内螺纹A、自锁锥面A、骨螺纹B、自攻刃口、外六方机构A和台阶面,外六方机构A内开设自锁锥面A。本发明一种自锁弹性加压髓内针,可实现微创入路、提高稳定性、且通过拆卸尾帽自动带出髓内针,解决骨折愈合后取针困难的难题。(The invention discloses a self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle, which comprises an intramedullary needle main body, wherein the intramedullary needle main body comprises a self-drilling self-tapping cutting edge, a bone thread A, a back cutting pin cutting edge, a locking thread and a self-drilling cutting edge, two ends of the locking thread are respectively connected with the self-drilling cutting edge and the back cutting pin cutting edge, the bone thread A is arranged on the back cutting pin cutting edge, the self-drilling self-tapping cutting edge is arranged at the top end of the bone thread A on the back cutting pin cutting edge, and a locking tail cap is sleeved on the locking thread of the intramedullary needle main body; the locking tail cap comprises an internal thread A, a self-locking conical surface A, a bone thread B, a self-tapping cutting edge, an outer hexagonal mechanism A and a step surface, wherein the self-locking conical surface A is arranged in the outer hexagonal mechanism A. The self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle can realize minimally invasive access and improve stability, and the intramedullary needle is automatically taken out by disassembling the tail cap, so that the problem that the needle is difficult to take after fracture healing is solved.)

1. The utility model provides a self-locking elasticity pressurization intramedullary needle, includes intramedullary needle main part (1), its characterized in that: the intramedullary nail body (1) comprises a self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge (101), a bone thread A (102), a reverse cutting pin cutting edge (103), a locking thread (104) and a self-drilling cutting edge (105), wherein two ends of the locking thread (104) are respectively connected with the self-drilling cutting edge (105) and the reverse cutting pin cutting edge (103), the bone thread A (102) is arranged on the reverse cutting pin cutting edge (103), the self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge (101) is arranged at the top end of the bone thread A (102) on the reverse cutting pin cutting edge (103), and a locking tail cap (2) is sleeved on the locking thread (104) of the intramedullary nail body (1);

the locking tail cap (2) comprises an internal thread A (201), a self-locking conical surface A (202), a bone thread B (203), a self-tapping cutting edge (204), an outer hexagonal mechanism A (205) and a step surface (206), wherein the self-locking conical surface A (202) is arranged in the outer hexagonal mechanism A (205), the step surface (206) is arranged at the side end of the outer hexagonal mechanism A (205), the front end of the step surface (206) is connected with the bone thread B (203), the internal thread A (201) is arranged in the bone thread B (203), the self-tapping cutting edge (204) is arranged in the internal thread A (201), and the rear end of the locking tail cap (2) is connected with a self-breaking locking nut (3);

the self-breaking locking nut (3) comprises an internal thread B (301), a self-locking conical surface B (302), a self-breaking groove (303) and an outer hexagonal mechanism B (304), the front end of the outer hexagonal mechanism B (304) is connected with the self-locking conical surface B (302), the self-breaking groove (303) is formed between the self-locking conical surface B (302) and the outer hexagonal mechanism B (304), and the internal thread B (301) is arranged in the self-locking conical surface B (302).

2. The self-locking elastic compression intramedullary needle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting edges of the self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge (101) and the reverse cutting pin cutting edge (103) are double-edged or multi-edged, the front ends of the cutting edges are connected with the long cylindrical surface, and the cutting edges of the reverse cutting pin cutting edge (103) are in opposite directions.

3. The self-locking elastic compression intramedullary needle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the locking thread (104) corresponds to the specification of the intramedullary needle body, the thread pitch is matched with the locking tail cap (2) and the self-breaking locking nut (3), and the internal thread A (201) is matched with the locking thread (104) on the intramedullary needle body (1).

4. The self-locking elastic compression intramedullary needle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-breaking groove (303) is V-shaped, and an angle of 90 degrees is formed between the tangent plane of the self-breaking groove and the near-end self-locking conical surface B (302) and the axis.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pressurized intramedullary nails, in particular to a self-locking elastic pressurized intramedullary nail.

Background

The clavicle is S-shaped and arranged between the sternum handle and the acromion, and is the only bone bracket for connecting the upper limb and the trunk. The clavicle is positioned under the skin and superficial, and is easy to fracture under the action of external force, and the incidence rate of the clavicle accounts for 5% -10% of that of the fracture of the whole body. It is most common in children and young and old. The surgical methods for clavicle fracture are divided into two categories: the first is internal fixation of the kirschner wire. The second is the internal fixation of the screw of the clavicle cutting reduction steel plate. The first internal fixation of the clavicle fracture kirschner wire has the advantages of simple operation, small wound, small incision, no need of incision, only the fixation of the kirschner wire on the outer side of the skin, and belongs to the category of minimally invasive surgery. However, the defects of the device are that the fixation is not firm, the withdrawal of the kirschner wire is easily caused, even the internal fixation object is loosened and fails, the incidence rate of nonunion is high, and the early functional exercise cannot be performed after the operation. The current mainstream treatment scheme is to perform incision and reduction of the clavicle to reconstruct the internal fixation of a steel plate or an anatomical steel plate screw. Because the clavicle steel plate is designed according to the S shape of the clavicle, the clavicle steel plate has good fitting performance and is very firm after being fixed. And the clinical application of the titanium material accords with the biomechanics principle. Postoperative complications are greatly reduced. Is the current gold standard for treating clavicle fracture. The biggest disadvantages are that the wound is large, the scar formation affects the beauty, and young patients need to take out the internal fixation by secondary operations. Significantly increasing pain and economic and psychological burdens.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle, which can realize minimally invasive access and improve stability, and can automatically take out the intramedullary needle by disassembling a tail cap, thereby solving the problem of difficult needle taking after fracture healing and solving the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle comprises an intramedullary needle body, wherein the intramedullary needle body comprises a self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge, a bone thread A, a back cutting pin cutting edge, a locking thread and a self-drilling cutting edge;

the locking tail cap comprises an internal thread A, a self-locking conical surface A, a bone thread B, a self-tapping cutting edge, an outer hexagonal mechanism A and a step surface, wherein the self-locking conical surface A is arranged in the outer hexagonal mechanism A, the step surface is arranged at the side end of the outer hexagonal mechanism A, the front end of the step surface is connected with the bone thread B, the internal thread A is arranged in the bone thread B, the self-tapping cutting edge is arranged in the internal thread A, and the rear end of the locking tail cap is connected with a self-breaking locking nut;

the self-breaking locking nut comprises an internal thread B, a self-locking conical surface B, a self-breaking groove and an outer hexagonal mechanism B, wherein the front end of the outer hexagonal mechanism B is connected with the self-locking conical surface B, the self-breaking groove is formed between the self-locking conical surface B and the outer hexagonal mechanism B, and the internal thread B is arranged in the self-locking conical surface B.

Preferably, the cutting edges of the self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge and the reverse cutting pin cutting edge are double-edged or multi-edged, the front ends of the cutting edges are connected with the long cylindrical surface, and the cutting edges of the reverse cutting pin cutting edge are in opposite directions.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the locking thread corresponds to the specification of the intramedullary needle body, the thread pitch is matched with the locking tail cap and the self-breaking locking nut, and the internal thread A is matched with the locking thread on the intramedullary needle body.

Preferably, the self-breaking groove is V-shaped, and an angle of 90 degrees is formed between a tangent plane of the self-breaking groove and the proximal self-locking conical surface B and the axis.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention relates to a self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle, which is characterized in that a skin incision is made at the position penetrated out from a drilling edge, a locking tail cap is connected with a matching tool, the self-locking tail cap is screwed in along the tail end screw thread of the intramedullary needle until a bone thread B on the locking tail cap is screwed in the cortical bone at the far end of a clavicle, the screwing in is stopped after an ideal pressurizing effect is achieved, a self-breaking locking nut is connected with the matching tool, the self-breaking locking nut is screwed in along the locking screw thread on a main body of the intramedullary needle, after a self-locking conical surface B on the self-breaking locking nut is contacted with a self-locking conical surface A on the locking tail cap, the matching tool of the locking tail cap is held tightly, the self-breaking locking nut and the matching tool of the locking tail cap are taken out after the self-breaking locking nut is continuously screwed in until a self-breaking groove is broken, at the moment, the self-breaking locking nut, the locking tail cap and the intramedullary needle main body utilize the nut to perform the abutting action, so that the threads in three components are fastened together by additional tensile force and the fracture of a patient is healed, when the intramedullary needle is taken out, the intramedullary needle main body and the self-breaking locking nut can be taken out together only by connecting the locking tail cap matching tool and screwing out the locking tail cap anticlockwise, minimally invasive access can be realized, the stability is improved, the intramedullary needle is automatically taken out by disassembling the tail cap, and the problem that the needle is difficult to take after fracture healing is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main body structure of the intramedullary needle of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lock nut of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the self-breaking lock nut of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an intramedullary needle body; 101. self-drilling and self-tapping type cutting edges; 102. bone thread A; 103. cutting the cutting edge of the pin reversely; 104. locking the threads; 105. self-drilling a cutting edge; 2. locking the tail cap; 201. an internal thread A; 202. a self-locking conical surface A; 203. bone thread B; 204. a self-tapping cutting edge; 205. an outer hexagonal mechanism A; 206. a step surface; 3. self-breaking the lock nut; 301. an internal thread B; 302. a self-locking conical surface B; 303. self-breaking the groove; 304. and (3) an outer hexagonal mechanism B.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a self-locking elastic pressure intramedullary needle comprises an intramedullary needle body 1, the intramedullary needle body 1 comprises a self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge 101, a bone thread a102, a back-cutting pin cutting edge 103, a locking thread 104 and a self-drilling cutting edge 105, the two ends of the locking thread 104 are respectively connected with the self-drilling cutting edge 105 and the back-cutting pin cutting edge 103, the bone thread a102 is arranged on the back-cutting pin cutting edge 103, the back-cutting pin cutting edge 103 is provided with the self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge 101 at the top end of the bone thread a102, the self-drilling and self-tapping cutting edge 101 can realize self-drilling without a drilling step, a locking tail cap 2 is sleeved on the locking thread 104 of the intramedullary needle body 1, the locking tail cap 2 comprises an internal thread a201, a self-locking conical surface a202, a bone thread B203, a cutting edge 204, an external hexagonal mechanism a205 and a step surface 206, the self-locking conical surface a202 is arranged in the external hexagonal mechanism a205, the side end of the external hexagonal mechanism a205 is provided with a step surface 206, the front end of the step surface B203 connected with the bone thread B203, an internal thread A201 is arranged in a bone thread B203, a self-tapping cutting edge 204 is arranged in the internal thread A201, the rear end of a locking tail cap 2 is connected with a self-breaking locking nut 3, the self-breaking locking nut 3 comprises an internal thread B301, a self-locking conical surface B302, a self-breaking groove 303 and an outer hexagonal mechanism B304, the front end of the outer hexagonal mechanism B304 is connected with the self-locking conical surface B302, the self-breaking groove 303 is arranged between the self-locking conical surface B302 and the outer hexagonal mechanism B304, the internal thread B301 is arranged in the self-locking conical surface B302, the cutting edges of a self-drilling self-tapping type 101 cutting edge and a reverse cutting pin cutting edge 103 are one of double edges or multiple edges, the front ends of the cutting edges are connected with a long cylindrical surface, the cutting edge direction of the reverse cutting pin cutting edge 103 is reverse, the outer diameter of the locking thread 104 corresponds to the specification of an intramedullary needle body 1, the thread pitch is matched with the locking tail cap 2 and the self-breaking locking nut 3, the internal thread A201 is matched with the locking thread 104 on the intramedullary needle body 1, the self-breaking groove 303 is V-breaking groove 302, and the proximal end of the self-locking conical surface B is 90 degrees with the axis, the bone thread A102 is placed into the bone to hold the cortical bone and improve the holding force, and the locking nut is combined to generate a pressurizing effect, the thread tail end plays a cutting role when the intramedullary needle is taken out by the reverse cutting pin cutting edge 103, the friction force when the needle is taken out is reduced, the locking thread 104 is connected with the self-breaking locking nut 3 and the locking tail cap 2 to improve the stability, the self-drilling cutting edge 105 can directly punch the intramedullary needle through the cortical bone, the step of punching a bottom hole is omitted, the operation is convenient and rapid, the hole thread of the internal thread A201 is designed to be connected with the intramedullary needle body 1 to play a role of locking a needle body to fix a fracture block, the bone thread B203 can be screwed into cancellous bone at the far end of the locking bone to play a role of stabilizing the fracture block, the step surface 206 is contacted with the cortical bone at the far end of the locking bone and continuously screwed into the locking tail cap 2 clockwise to generate the pressurizing effect, the self-locking conical surface B302 is matched with the tail cap to play a locking anti-withdrawing role, the self-breaking groove 303 is locked by a matched tool to realize the tail end self-breaking after reaching a certain torsion force, placing the self-drilling cutting edge 105 on the intramedullary needle main body 1 into the intramedullary needle towards the far end of the clavicle along the medullary cavity at the broken end of the clavicle until the intramedullary needle penetrates through the far end skin, clamping the self-drilling cutting edge 105 by an electric tool, screwing the intramedullary needle out anticlockwise until the near end needle point of the intramedullary needle is not in the fracture end, then resetting the fracture, screwing the intramedullary needle clockwise after resetting until the near end needle point of the intramedullary needle penetrates through the near end cortex of the clavicle, taking the electric tool down, performing skin incision from the position where the self-drilling cutting edge 105 penetrates out, connecting the locking tail cap 2 with a matching tool, screwing in along the tail end thread of the intramedullary needle until the bone thread B203 on the locking tail cap 2 is screwed in the cortex at the far end of the clavicle and stopping screwing in after an ideal pressurizing effect is achieved, connecting the self-breaking locking nut 3 to the matching tool, screwing in along the locking thread 104 on the intramedullary needle main body 1, and contacting the self-locking conical surface B302 on the self-breaking locking nut 3 with the self-locking conical surface A202 on the locking tail cap 2, the matched tool of the locking tail cap 2 is held tightly, the self-breaking locking nut 3 is continuously screwed in until the self-breaking groove 303 breaks off, the matched tool of the self-breaking locking nut 3 and the locking tail cap 2 is taken out, at the moment, the self-breaking locking nut 3, the locking tail cap 2 and the intramedullary needle main body 1 utilize the nut abutting action, so that threads in the three parts are subjected to additional tensile force and additional friction force, the three parts are fastened together, after fracture of a patient heals, the intramedullary needle is taken out only by connecting the matched tool of the locking tail cap 2, the locking tail cap 2 is screwed out anticlockwise, the intramedullary needle main body 1 and the self-breaking locking nut 3 can be taken out together, minimally invasive access can be realized, the stability is improved, the intramedullary needle is automatically taken out by disassembling the tail cap, and the problem that the needle is difficult to take out after fracture heals is solved.

In summary, the following steps: the invention relates to a self-locking elastic pressurizing intramedullary needle, which is characterized in that a skin incision is made from the position where a drilling edge 105 passes through, a locking tail cap 2 is connected with a matched tool and screwed in along the tail end thread of the intramedullary needle until a bone thread B203 on the locking tail cap 2 is screwed in the cortical bone at the far end of a clavicle and stops screwing in after an ideal pressurizing effect is achieved, a self-breaking locking nut 3 is connected with the matched tool and screwed in along a locking thread 104 on an intramedullary needle body 1, after a self-locking conical surface B302 on the self-breaking locking nut 3 is contacted with a self-locking conical surface A202 on the locking tail cap 2, the matched tool of the locking tail cap 2 is tightly held, the self-breaking locking nut 3 is continuously screwed in until the self-breaking groove 303 is broken, the matched tool of the self-breaking locking nut 3 and the locking tail cap 2 is taken out, at the moment, the self-breaking locking nut 3, the locking tail cap 2 and the intramedullary needle body 1 utilize the nut butting action to ensure that the threads in the three parts receive additional tension and additional friction force, the three components are fastened together, after fracture of a patient heals, the intramedullary needle is taken out only by connecting a matched tool of the locking tail cap 2 and screwing out the locking tail cap 2 anticlockwise, so that the intramedullary needle main body 1 and the self-breaking locking nut 3 can be taken out together, minimally invasive access can be realized, stability is improved, the intramedullary needle is taken out automatically by disassembling the tail cap, and the problem that the needle is difficult to take out after fracture healing is solved.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.