阅读说明：本技术 一种合成球形石英粉的装置和方法 (Device and method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder ) 是由 黄耀松 刘祺敏 李星岚 陈昊 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及球形石英粉的制备领域,具体涉及一种合成球形石英粉的装置和方法,该合成球形石英粉的装置,包括熔炉、喷射室和雾化室,所述熔炉的出口连通所述喷射室,喷射室的底部通过喷射孔连通所述雾化室,所述喷射孔的直径为0.1mm-10mm；所述雾化室的侧壁上设有上送风口和下送风口,所述上送风口的送风温度和送风速度高于所述下送风口。本发明装置和方法制备的石英粉,其表面光滑,球形化率和非晶化率均可以达到100％,颗粒大小容易控制,制备工艺简单,降低二次污染,容易实现规模化生产。(The invention relates to the field of preparation of spherical quartz powder, in particular to a device and a method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder, wherein the device for synthesizing spherical quartz powder comprises a smelting furnace, a spraying chamber and an atomizing chamber, wherein an outlet of the smelting furnace is communicated with the spraying chamber, the bottom of the spraying chamber is communicated with the atomizing chamber through a spraying hole, and the diameter of the spraying hole is 0.1mm-10 mm; and an upper air supply outlet and a lower air supply outlet are arranged on the side wall of the atomizing chamber, and the air supply temperature and the air supply speed of the upper air supply outlet are higher than those of the lower air supply outlet. The quartz powder prepared by the device and the method has smooth surface, the sphericization rate and the non-crystallization rate can reach 100 percent, the particle size is easy to control, the preparation process is simple, the secondary pollution is reduced, and the large-scale production is easy to realize.)

1. The device for synthesizing the spherical quartz powder is characterized by comprising a smelting furnace, a spraying chamber and an atomizing chamber, wherein an outlet of the smelting furnace is communicated with the spraying chamber, the bottom of the spraying chamber is communicated with the atomizing chamber through a spraying hole, and the diameter of the spraying hole is 0.1-10 mm; and an upper air supply outlet and a lower air supply outlet are arranged on the side wall of the atomizing chamber, and the air supply temperature and the air supply speed of the upper air supply outlet are higher than those of the lower air supply outlet.

2. The apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder according to claim 1, wherein the materials of the inner walls of the melting furnace and the injection chamber are selected from ceramic fiber, corundum, graphite or zirconia.

3. The apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature in the furnace is 2000-2400 ℃.

4. The apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure in the spray chamber is 2 to 10 atmospheres.

5. The apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder of claim 1, wherein the height difference between the injection hole, the upper blowing port and the lower blowing port is 10-50 cm.

6. The apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of upper and lower blowing ports are uniformly distributed on the sidewall of the atomizing chamber in the circumferential direction.

7. The apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the temperature of the air supplied from the upper air supply port is 20 to 100 ℃, and the air speed is 0.01 to 1.0 m/s; the air supply temperature of the lower air supply outlet is 10-30 ℃, and the air speed is 0.1-2.0 m/s.

8. A method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder is characterized by comprising the following steps,

s1: heating a quartz raw material at the temperature of 2400 ℃ of 2000-;

s2: spraying the liquid quartz through a spraying hole, wherein the diameter of the spraying hole is 0.1mm-10 mm;

s3: and air-cooling the liquid quartz crushed after the spraying to obtain the spherical quartz powder.

9. The method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder according to claim 8, wherein the quartz raw material is quartz sand and/or quartz powder.

10. The method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder according to claim 8, wherein in the step S3, the air cooling is performed twice, the temperature of the first air cooling is 20 to 100 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.01 to 1.0 m/S; the temperature of the second air cooling is 10-30 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.1-2.0 m/s.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of preparation of spherical quartz powder, in particular to a device and a method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder.

Background

The spherical quartz powder is an amorphous powder with spherical particles and silicon dioxide as a main component. Spherical quartz powder is used as an important basic material and is widely applied to the high-tech technical fields of large-scale integrated circuits, aerospace, chemical engineering and the like. In China, spherical quartz powder mainly depends on import, and the preparation technology of the spherical quartz powder is relatively laggard, so that the research on the preparation technology of the high-quality spherical quartz powder is very urgent to solve the problem of neck clamping which restricts the development of high and new technologies in China.

At present, the preparation technology of spherical quartz powder mainly comprises a flame balling method, a plasma method, a gas phase method, a hydrothermal synthesis method, a sol-gel method and the like. The flame balling method comprises the following steps of (1) forming high-temperature flame by burning hydrogen, acetylene and the like serving as fuels, heating and melting high-purity quartz powder, wherein the flame temperature is above 2000 ℃, the completely melted quartz powder is automatically converted into spherical liquid drops under the action of surface tension, and finally, the spherical quartz powder is obtained by cooling and balling; the plasma method is similar to the flame balling method, except that the heating source of the plasma method is from a plasma torch, the temperature is much higher than the temperature of hydrogen and acetylene flame and reaches more than 5000 ℃, the quartz powder can be rapidly melted at the high temperature, and the quartz powder is cooled to form spherical powder under the action of surface tension, and the temperature of the method is stable and controllable, so the balling rate is high, the pollution is small, but the cost is extremely high, and the scale production is difficult; the gas phase method, hydrothermal synthesis method and sol-gel method belong to chemical methods, the gas phase method takes silicon tetrachloride as raw material, silica particles are produced by hydrolysis in high-temperature flame, the particle size of the prepared particles is too small, and the particles are difficult to disperse in organic matters; the hydrothermal synthesis method is to hydrate organic and inorganic compounds at a temperature below 400 ℃, form particles by ions and molecules through crystallization, and obtain required quartz powder through the procedures of washing, filtering, drying and the like. The sol-gel method is to solidify the metal organic or inorganic substance through solution, sol and gel, and then to sinter to form particles.

In conclusion, the existing spherical quartz powder preparation technology has the defects of low grain sphericization and non-crystallization rate, complex process, high price, difficulty in large-scale production and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder, wherein the sphericizing rate and the non-crystallizing rate can both reach 100 percent, the preparation process is simple, and the large-scale production is easy to realize.

According to the technical scheme of the invention, the device for synthesizing spherical quartz powder comprises a smelting furnace, a spraying chamber and an atomizing chamber, wherein an outlet of the smelting furnace is communicated with the spraying chamber, the bottom of the spraying chamber is communicated with the atomizing chamber through a spraying hole, and the diameter of the spraying hole is 0.1mm-10 mm; and an upper air supply outlet and a lower air supply outlet are arranged on the side wall of the atomizing chamber, and the air supply temperature and the air supply speed of the upper air supply outlet are higher than those of the lower air supply outlet.

Further, the inner wall materials of the melting furnace and the spraying chamber are selected from ceramic fiber, corundum, graphite or zirconia.

Further, the temperature in the furnace is 2000-2400 ℃.

Further, the pressure in the ejection chamber is 2-10 atmospheres.

Further, the diameter of the injection hole is adjustable.

Furthermore, the height difference among the jet hole, the upper air supply outlet and the lower air supply outlet is 10-50 cm; specifically, the upper air supply outlet is 10-50cm below the jet hole, and the height of the upper air supply outlet is 10-50cm higher than that of the lower air supply outlet.

Furthermore, the upper air supply outlet and the lower air supply outlet are both multiple and are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the atomizing chamber along the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, the temperature of the air supplied by the upper air supply outlet (hereinafter referred to as primary air) is 20-100 ℃, and the air speed is 0.01-1.0 m/s; the temperature of the air supplied by the lower air supply outlet (hereinafter referred to as secondary air) is 10-30 ℃, and the air speed is 0.1-2.0 m/s.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for synthesizing spherical quartz powder, comprising the steps of,

s1: heating a quartz raw material at the temperature of 2400 ℃ of 2000-;

s2: spraying the liquid quartz through a spraying hole, wherein the diameter of the spraying hole is 0.1mm-10 mm;

s3: and air-cooling the liquid quartz crushed after the spraying to obtain the spherical quartz powder.

Further, the quartz raw material is quartz sand and/or quartz powder.

Further, in the step S3, the air cooling is performed twice, the temperature of the first air cooling is 20-100 ℃, and the air speed is 0.01-1.0 m/S; the temperature of the second air cooling is 10-30 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.1-2.0 m/s.

Specifically, the method adopts the device, wherein the smelting furnace can work at the temperature of more than 2000 ℃ for a long time, the heating mode can be electric heating, high-frequency plasma heating and the like, and the furnace body material adopts high-temperature resistant graphite, zirconia and the like; the quartz raw material is completely melted into liquid after absorbing enough heat in the smelting furnace and then transferred to the injection chamber; the upper part of the injection chamber is connected with a piston, the lower part of the injection chamber is provided with an injection hole, the piston can be pushed by other machines (such as a cylinder and the like), the piston can be sprayed out from the injection hole by increasing the pressure of quartz liquid, the piston is tightly contacted with the wall surface of the injection chamber, and the aperture size of the injection hole can be adjusted; the jet chamber is made of high-temperature resistant heat-insulating materials, such as high-quality ceramic fibers, graphite, zirconia and the like; the liquid drops sprayed from the spraying chamber enter the atomizing chamber, the liquid drops are in various shapes at the initial moment, but under the action of surface tension, the liquid drops can spontaneously shrink into a spherical shape, the atomizing chamber is provided with a primary air nozzle and a secondary air nozzle from top to bottom, air with different temperatures and different flow rates is respectively introduced to cool the high-temperature quartz liquid drops, the balling rate and the non-crystallizing rate of the liquid drops are controlled, and finally solidified quartz powder is deposited at the bottom of the atomizing chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the invention adopts a high-temperature melting injection method, high-purity quartz powder is melted into liquid at the temperature of 2400 ℃ of 2000-; the quartz powder prepared by the method has smooth surface, the sphericization rate and the non-crystallization rate can reach 100%, the particle size is easy to control, the preparation process is simple, the secondary pollution is reduced, and the large-scale production is easy to realize.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1-smelting furnace, 2-spraying chamber, 3-spraying hole, 4-piston, 5-atomizing chamber, 6-upper air supply outlet and 7-lower air supply outlet.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1: an apparatus for synthesizing spherical quartz powder comprises a smelting furnace 1, a spraying chamber 2 and an atomizing chamber 5, wherein an outlet of the smelting furnace 1 is communicated with the spraying chamber 2. The spray chamber 2 comprises a cylindrical section at the upper part and a conical section at the lower part, a piston 4 is arranged in the cylindrical section, the piston 4 can be pushed by a cylinder, the bottom of the conical section is provided with a spray hole 3, the diameter of the spray hole 3 is 0.1mm-10mm, and the spray chamber 2 is communicated with an atomization chamber 5 through the spray hole 3. An upper air supply outlet 6 and a lower air supply outlet 7 are arranged on the side wall of the atomizing chamber 5, the upper air supply outlet 6 and the lower air supply outlet 7 can supply air through a blower, and the air supply temperature and the air supply speed of the upper air supply outlet 6 are higher than those of the lower air supply outlet 7.

Specifically, the inner wall materials of the melting furnace and the injection chamber are high-temperature resistant materials which can be selected from ceramic fibers, corundum, graphite or zirconia; the furnace is heated by electric heating or high-frequency plasma, and the temperature in the furnace is 2000-2400 ℃; the pressure in the ejection chamber is 2-10 atmospheres.

The upper air supply outlet is 10-50cm below the jet hole, and the height of the upper air supply outlet is 10-50cm higher than that of the lower air supply outlet. In order to ensure the balance of air supply temperature and speed, the upper air supply outlet and the lower air supply outlet are both multiple and are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the atomizing chamber along the circumferential direction. The air supply temperature of the upper air supply outlet is 20-100 ℃, and the air speed is 0.01-1.0 m/s; the air supply temperature of the lower air supply outlet is 10-30 ℃, and the air speed is 0.1-2.0 m/s.

Example 1

The quartz sand is used as a raw material, the quartz sand is ground into powder, the powder is sent into a melting furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is set to 2200 ℃, the quartz liquid after complete melting is transferred to an injection chamber, three atmospheric pressures are applied to the liquid, the liquid is injected from an injection hole with the diameter of 1.0mm and is crushed into small liquid drops in the atomization chamber, the temperature of primary air is set to 50 ℃, the speed is 0.1m/s, the temperature of secondary air is set to 25 ℃, and the speed is 0.2 m/s.

Example 2

The quartz sand is used as a raw material, the quartz sand is ground into powder, the powder is sent into a melting furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is set to be 2000 ℃, the quartz liquid after complete melting is transferred to an injection chamber, five atmospheric pressures are applied to the liquid, the liquid is injected from an injection hole with the diameter of 1.0mm and is crushed into small liquid drops in the atomization chamber, the temperature of primary air is set to be 50 ℃, the speed is 0.1m/s, the temperature of secondary air is set to be 25 ℃, and the speed is 0.2 m/s.

Example 3

The quartz sand is used as a raw material, the quartz sand is ground into powder, the powder is sent into a melting furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is set to be 2100 ℃, the quartz liquid after complete melting is transferred to an injection chamber, five atmospheric pressures are applied to the liquid, the liquid is injected from an injection hole with the diameter of 0.5mm and is crushed into small liquid drops in the atomization chamber, the temperature of primary air is set to be 50 ℃, the speed is 0.08m/s, the temperature of secondary air is set to be 25 ℃, and the speed is 0.15 m/s.

Example 4

Quartz sand is used as a raw material, the quartz sand is ground into powder, the powder is sent into a melting furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is set to be 2100 ℃, quartz liquid after complete melting is transferred to an injection chamber, eight atmospheric pressures are applied to the liquid, the liquid is injected from an injection hole with the diameter of 2.0mm and is crushed into small liquid drops in the atomization chamber, the temperature of primary air is set to be 50 ℃, the speed is 0.5m/s, the temperature of secondary air is set to be 25 ℃, and the speed is 1.0 m/s.

Example 5

High-purity quartz powder is used as a raw material and is sent into a melting furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is set to be 2000 ℃, the quartz liquid after complete melting is transferred to an injection chamber, five atmospheric pressures are applied to the liquid, the liquid is injected from an injection hole with the diameter of 1.0mm and is crushed into small liquid drops in the atomization chamber, the temperature of primary air is set to be 25 ℃, the speed is 0.1m/s, the temperature of secondary air is set to be 25 ℃, and the speed is 0.2 m/s.

Example 6

High-purity quartz powder is used as a raw material and is sent into a melting furnace to be heated, the heating temperature is set to be 2000 ℃, the quartz liquid after complete melting is transferred to a spraying chamber, ten atmospheric pressures are applied to the liquid, the liquid is sprayed out from a spraying hole with the diameter of 3.0mm and is broken into small liquid drops in the atomizing chamber, the temperature of primary air is set to be 50 ℃, the speed is 0.5m/s, the temperature of secondary air is set to be 25 ℃, and the speed is 1.0 m/s.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.