阅读说明：本技术 伸缩臂装载机 (Telescopic arm loader ) 是由 周进平 韦茂志 雷念 尚进新 谭艳辉 于 2021-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及伸缩臂装载机,为解决现有伸缩臂装载机进行收斗动作时补油油缸受高压油冲击的问题；提供一种伸缩臂装载机,其包括平衡阀；补油油缸的小腔通过管路与转斗油缸的小腔连通；平衡阀连接在所述补油油缸的大腔与转斗油缸的大腔之间,补油油缸大腔经平衡阀向转斗油缸大腔方向等压连通,转斗油缸大腔经平衡阀向补油油缸大腔方向减压导通。本发明仅在作动臂升降操作时,转斗油缸随动臂升降伸缩对铲斗姿态调整,在转斗操作时,转斗油缸大腔高压油需要通过平衡阀减压传递至补油油缸大腔,限制了进入补油油缸的压力,从而保护了补油油缸密封件,防止动臂被冲击和动臂在高压油作用下发生随动。(The invention relates to a telescopic boom loader, aiming at solving the problem that an oil supplementing oil cylinder is impacted by high-pressure oil when the existing telescopic boom loader performs bucket collecting action; a telescopic arm loader is provided, comprising a balancing valve; the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder through a pipeline; the balance valve is connected between the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder and the large cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder, the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the large cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder in an isobaric mode through the balance valve, and the large cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder is communicated with the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder in a pressure reducing mode through the balance valve. According to the invention, only when the actuating arm is in lifting operation, the bucket oil cylinder follow-up arm is lifted and retracted to adjust the posture of the bucket, and when the bucket is in operation, high-pressure oil in the large cavity of the bucket oil cylinder needs to be decompressed and transmitted to the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder through the balance valve, so that the pressure entering the oil supplementing oil cylinder is limited, the sealing element of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is protected, and the movable arm is prevented from being impacted and from following under the action of the high-pressure oil.)

1. A telescopic arm loader is characterized in that a movable arm comprises a basic arm hinged with a front frame, a telescopic arm sliding on the basic arm, a movable arm oil cylinder and an oil supplementing oil cylinder, two ends of the movable arm oil cylinder and the oil supplementing oil cylinder are respectively connected with the basic arm and the front frame, a rocker arm arranged on the telescopic arm, and a rotating bucket oil cylinder, two ends of the rotating bucket oil cylinder are respectively connected with one end of the rocker arm and the telescopic arm, and the other end of the rocker arm is connected with a bucket through a connecting rod;

the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder through a pipeline; the balance valve is connected between the big cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder and the big cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder, the big cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the big cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder in an isobaric mode through the balance valve, and the big cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder is communicated with the big cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder in a decompression mode through the balance valve.

2. The telescopic arm loader of claim 1, wherein the balance valve is composed of a check valve and a pressure reducing valve, an oil inlet end of the check valve and an oil outlet end of the pressure reducing valve are connected to the large cavity of the oil replenishing cylinder, and an oil outlet end of the check valve and an oil inlet end of the pressure reducing valve are connected to the large cavity of the rotating bucket cylinder.

3. The telescopic arm loader according to claim 2, wherein a second balance valve is provided on a connection pipe between the small cavity of the oil replenishing cylinder and the small cavity of the rotary bucket cylinder, an oil inlet end of a check valve and an oil outlet end of a pressure reducing valve in the second balance valve are connected to the small cavity of the oil replenishing cylinder, and an oil outlet end of the check valve and an oil inlet end of the pressure reducing valve are connected to the small cavity of the rotary bucket cylinder.

4. A telescopic arm loader according to claim 2 or 3 wherein said pressure relief valve is a fixed value pressure relief valve.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a loader, and more particularly, to a telescopic arm loader.

Background

The telescopic boom loader is mainly applied to forest farms, large warehouses and wharfs, has larger and wider loading and unloading height and working range compared with a common loader, and simultaneously reserves the shovel loading performance of the common loader.

The movable arm of the telescopic arm loader comprises a basic arm and a telescopic arm sliding on the basic arm, and a telescopic arm oil cylinder for pushing the telescopic arm to telescopically slide on the basic arm is arranged between the telescopic arm and the basic arm. Two ends of a movable arm oil cylinder are respectively hinged with a basic arm and a front frame of the loader, a bucket is hinged at the front end of a telescopic arm, a rocker arm is mounted on the telescopic arm, one end of the rocker arm is connected with the bucket through a rotating bucket connecting rod, the other end of the rocker arm is connected with one end of a rotating bucket oil cylinder, and the other end of the rotating bucket oil cylinder is hinged on the telescopic arm.

The main difficulty of the telescopic arm loader is how to ensure that the bucket keeps translating when the movable arm lifts and descends, the bucket collection angle is ensured, and materials cannot be scattered. According to the prior art, an oil supplementing oil cylinder is generally arranged at the bottom of a telescopic arm, two ends of the oil supplementing oil cylinder are respectively hinged with a basic arm and a front frame, a large cavity and a small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder are correspondingly communicated with a large cavity and a small cavity of a rotating bucket oil cylinder, and when a movable arm is lifted and lowered, the oil supplementing oil cylinder supplements oil for the rotating bucket oil cylinder, so that follow-up translation of the rotating bucket oil cylinder is realized. However, the oil supplementing scheme has certain defects. When a user operates a handle to actively fold the bucket, high-pressure oil enters a large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder to realize bucket folding action on one hand, and also enters the oil supplementing oil cylinder on the other hand. Because the two ends of the oil supplementing oil cylinder are respectively connected with the basic arm and the front frame, high-pressure oil enters into a large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder to cause the oil supplementing oil cylinder to have an extension trend, the basic arm is impacted for a long time, the basic arm is easily subjected to fatigue damage, the oil supplementing oil cylinder is also subjected to high-pressure impact, a sealing element is damaged, and the like. The basic arm may be followed seriously, that is, the user only wants to take the bucket, but the movable arm may be lifted, which affects the use of the product.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that an oil supplementing oil cylinder is impacted by high-pressure oil when an existing telescopic arm loader performs a bucket collecting action, and provides a telescopic arm loader which can avoid the problems that the oil supplementing oil cylinder is impacted and damaged and a movable arm can follow up when the loader performs the bucket collecting action.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the movable arm of the telescopic arm loader comprises a basic arm hinged with a front frame, a telescopic arm sliding on the basic arm, a movable arm oil cylinder and an oil supplementing oil cylinder, two ends of which are respectively connected with the basic arm and the front frame, a rocker arm arranged on the telescopic arm, and a rotating bucket oil cylinder, two ends of which are respectively connected with one end of the rocker arm and the telescopic arm, wherein the other end of the rocker arm is connected with a bucket through a connecting rod;

the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder through a pipeline; the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder through a pipeline; the balance valve is connected between the big cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder and the big cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder, the big cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the big cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder in an isobaric mode through the balance valve, and the big cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder is communicated with the big cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder in a decompression mode through the balance valve. When the balance valve is communicated from the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder to the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder, the balance valve has a pressure reducing effect, and the pressure of the connecting end of the balance valve and the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is lower than the pressure of the connecting end of the balance valve and the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder. When the balance valve is conducted from the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder to the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder, the pressures at two ends of the balance valve are basically equal.

In the telescopic arm loader, the balance valve consists of the check valve and the pressure reducing valve, the oil inlet end of the check valve and the oil outlet end of the pressure reducing valve are connected with the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder, and the oil outlet end of the check valve and the oil inlet end of the pressure reducing valve are connected with the large cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder.

In the telescopic arm loader, a second balance valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder and the small cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder, the oil inlet end of a check valve and the oil outlet end of a pressure reducing valve in the second balance valve are connected with the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder, and the oil outlet end of the check valve and the oil inlet end of the pressure reducing valve are connected with the small cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the rotary bucket oil cylinder only when the actuating arm is in lifting operation, so that the posture of the bucket is adjusted, and when the rotary bucket is in operation, high-pressure oil in a large cavity and a small cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder needs to be correspondingly transmitted to the large cavity and the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder through the balance valve, and due to the pressure reduction effect of the balance valve, the pressure entering the oil supplementing oil cylinder is limited, so that the sealing element of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is protected, the movable arm is prevented from being impacted, and the movable arm is prevented from following under the action of the high-pressure oil.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a front working device of a telescopic arm loader according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of the working device of the telescopic arm loader of the invention.

Part names and serial numbers in the figure:

the hydraulic control system comprises a multi-way valve 1, a cut-off valve 2, a pilot oil supply valve 3, a hydraulic pump 4, a hydraulic oil tank 5, an accessory oil cylinder 6, a telescopic arm oil cylinder 7, a movable arm oil cylinder 8, an oil supplementing oil cylinder 9, a balance valve group 10, a rotary bucket oil cylinder 11 and a pilot valve 12.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the work equipment of the front part of the telescopic arm loader according to the present invention includes a boom, a bucket 24, a boom cylinder 8, a swing cylinder 11, and an oil replenishment cylinder 9. The movable arm comprises a basic arm 21 and a telescopic arm 22, wherein the rear end of the basic arm 21 is hinged with a front frame (not shown in the figure), the telescopic arm 22 is slidably mounted on the basic arm 21, two ends of the telescopic arm oil cylinder 7 are respectively connected with the basic arm 21 and the telescopic arm 22, and the telescopic arm 22 slides on the basic arm 21 under the telescopic pushing of the telescopic arm oil cylinder 7. The bucket 24 is hinged to the front end of the telescopic arm 22, a swing arm 23 is mounted on the telescopic arm 22, the lower end of the swing arm 23 is connected to the bucket 24 through a bucket link (not shown), the upper end of the swing arm 23 is connected to one end of the bucket cylinder 11, and the other end of the bucket cylinder 11 is connected to the telescopic arm 22. When the rotary bucket oil cylinder 11 extends and retracts, the bucket 24 is pushed to perform bucket collecting or bucket releasing actions through the rocker arm 23 and the rotary bucket connecting rod.

Two ends of the movable arm oil cylinder 8 are connected to the basic arm 21 and the front frame, and two ends of the oil supplementing oil cylinder 9 are respectively connected with the basic arm 21 and the front frame. When the movable arm oil cylinder 8 stretches, the movable arm oil cylinder 8 pushes the basic arm 21 to swing up and down, and the up-and-down swing of the basic arm 21 drives the oil supplementing oil cylinder 9 to stretch. When the movable arm descends, the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder 9 is extruded by the piston, and oil in the large cavity is discharged; when the movable arm lifts, the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder 9 is extruded, and oil in the small cavity is discharged.

As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic system of the working device of the telescopic boom loader includes a hydraulic oil tank 5, a hydraulic pump 4 having an oil suction port connected to the hydraulic oil tank, a multi-way valve 1 having an oil inlet connected to the pump port of the hydraulic pump, and a pilot oil supply valve 3, wherein the oil outlet end of the pilot oil supply valve 3 is connected to a pilot valve 12 through a shut-off valve 2.

The multi-way valve 1 comprises a four-linkage main valve which is an accessory linkage main valve, a telescopic boom linkage main valve, a rotating bucket linkage main valve and a movable arm linkage main valve. The accessory joint main valve is used for connecting an accessory hydraulic actuator such as an accessory oil cylinder 6 to realize the control of the accessory. The telescopic boom main valve is connected with a telescopic boom oil cylinder 7 and used for controlling the telescopic boom to slide on the basic boom. The main valve of the rotating bucket union is used for being connected with the rotating bucket oil cylinder 11 and controlling the rotating bucket oil cylinder 11 to stretch and retract so as to realize the bucket collecting or bucket releasing and unloading operation. The boom linkage valve is connected with the boom cylinder 8 and used for controlling the boom cylinder 8 to stretch and retract so as to realize boom lifting.

The pilot valve 12 includes a quadruple, and is connected to the hydraulic control ends of the accessory main valve, the telescopic boom main valve, the rotating bucket main valve, and the boom main valve, respectively, to control the corresponding main valves and implement corresponding operations.

The hydraulic system of the working device also comprises a balance valve group 10. The balance valve group 10 is composed of two balance valves, each balance valve is composed of a check valve and a pressure reducing valve, the oil inlet end of the check valve is connected with the oil outlet end of the pressure reducing valve, and the oil outlet end of the check valve is connected with the oil inlet end of the pressure reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve is a fixed value pressure reducing valve which can keep the pressure of the oil outlet end not exceeding the set value. The first balance valve is connected between the large cavity of the oil replenishing oil cylinder and the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder, and the second balance valve is connected between the small cavity of the oil replenishing oil cylinder and the small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder. The large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder in an isobaric mode through a one-way valve in the first balance valve, and the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder is communicated with the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder in a pressure reducing mode through a pressure reducing valve in the first balance valve. The small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is communicated with the small cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder in an isobaric mode through a one-way valve in the second balance valve, and the large cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder is communicated with the lower cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder in a pressure reducing mode through a pressure reducing valve in the second balance valve.

The working process of the hydraulic system of the working device in the embodiment is as follows:

when the movable arm lifts and the bucket does not overturn, the movable arm oil cylinder lifts the movable arm, the movable arm pulls the oil supplementing oil cylinder to extend, a piston rod of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is pulled out by the driven arm, high-pressure oil in a small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder enters a small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder through a one-way valve in the second balance valve, hydraulic oil in the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder enters a large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder through a pressure reducing valve in the first balance valve, the rotating bucket oil cylinder retracts, the rotating bucket oil cylinder and the follower arm are lifted and retract, and the bucket is automatically leveled.

When the movable arm moves and the bucket is not turned, the movable arm descends, a piston rod of the oil supplementing oil cylinder retracts passively, high-pressure oil in a large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder directly enters a large cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder through a one-way valve in a first balance valve, hydraulic oil in a small cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder enters a small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder through a pressure reducing valve in a second balance valve, descending and extending of a follow-up arm of the rotary bucket oil cylinder are achieved, and therefore automatic leveling of the bucket is achieved.

When the heavy-load bucket discharging action is carried out, high-pressure oil enters a small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder, oil in a large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder flows back to a hydraulic oil tank through a rotating bucket linkage main valve, and the rotating bucket oil cylinder retracts under the action of the pressure oil to realize the bucket discharging action; due to the action of the pressure reducing valve in the second balance valve, the pressure entering the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is limited, so that a sealing element of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is protected, the movable arm is prevented from being impacted, and the movable arm is prevented from following under the action of high-pressure oil.

When the bucket is collected under heavy load, high-pressure oil enters the large cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder and the balance valve group 10, oil in the small cavity of the rotating bucket oil cylinder flows back to the hydraulic oil tank through the rotating bucket linkage main valve, and the rotating bucket oil cylinder extends under the action of the pressure oil to realize the bucket collecting action. After high-pressure oil enters the balance valve group 10, the pressure entering the large cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is limited due to the action of the pressure reducing valve in the first balance valve, so that a sealing element of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is protected, the movable arm is prevented from being impacted, and the movable arm is prevented from following under the action of the high-pressure oil.

In the invention, due to the characteristics of the loader working device, the bucket has the tendency of automatic bucket discharging, and the bucket is not required to be pushed to overturn by large force during the unloading action of heavy-load bucket discharging, so that the pressure of pressure oil entering into a small cavity of a rotary bucket oil cylinder during bucket discharging is not high, the pressure oil directly acts on the small cavity of an oil supplementing oil cylinder even though the pressure of the pressure oil is not reduced by a pressure reducing valve, the pulling force on a movable arm generated by retraction of the oil supplementing oil cylinder is smaller than the supporting force of the movable arm oil cylinder on the movable arm, and the influence on the movable arm is limited, therefore, in the invention, a second balance valve in a balance valve group 10 can also be straight-through, namely, the small cavity of the oil supplementing oil cylinder and the small cavity of the rotary bucket oil cylinder are directly in isobaric communication through a pipeline, and a second balance valve is not arranged on a connecting oil circuit.