阅读说明：本技术 钻具、旋挖钻机及分级钻进施工方法 (Drilling tool, rotary drilling rig and staged drilling construction method ) 是由 嵇浩 李欣伟 张飞 于 2021-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种钻具、旋挖钻机及分级钻进施工方法,其中,钻具包括：第一筒体,第一筒体的底部设置有第一进渣口,第一进渣口处设置有盖板,盖板适于打开或者关闭第一进渣口,第一筒体内形成容渣空间；第二筒体,第二筒体的下部具有开口,并且第二筒体环绕在第一筒体外设置；第一切削结构,设置在第二筒体的下边沿处。上述钻具实现了在扩孔施工的同时对渣土进行收集,扩孔完成后上提钻具即可捞出渣土,免去了在分级钻进中将钻筒更换为捞砂斗的步骤,大大提高了施工效率。因此本发明的技术方案解决了现有技术中的旋挖钻机在进行分级钻进施工时施工效率低的缺陷。(The invention provides a drilling tool, a rotary drilling rig and a staged drilling construction method, wherein the drilling tool comprises: the slag-removing device comprises a first barrel, wherein a first slag inlet is formed in the bottom of the first barrel, a cover plate is arranged at the first slag inlet and is suitable for opening or closing the first slag inlet, and a slag containing space is formed in the first barrel; the lower part of the second cylinder is provided with an opening, and the second cylinder is arranged around the first cylinder; and the first cutting structure is arranged at the lower edge of the second cylinder. The drilling tool realizes collection of the muck during reaming construction, the muck can be fished out by lifting the drilling tool after reaming is finished, the step of replacing the drilling barrel with a sand fishing hopper in grading drilling is omitted, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention overcomes the defect of low construction efficiency of the rotary drilling rig in the prior art during the grading drilling construction.)

1. A drilling tool, comprising:

the slag tapping device comprises a first barrel (10), wherein a first slag inlet (11) is formed in the bottom of the first barrel (10), a cover plate (70) is arranged at the first slag inlet (11), the cover plate (70) is suitable for opening or closing the first slag inlet (11), and a slag containing space is formed in the first barrel (10);

a second cylinder (20), wherein the lower part of the second cylinder (20) is provided with an opening, and the second cylinder (20) is arranged around the first cylinder (10);

a first cutting structure (30) provided at a lower edge of the second cylinder (20).

2. The drilling tool according to claim 1, further comprising a connection plate (40), wherein both ends of the connection plate (40) are connected with the outer wall of the first cylinder (10) and the inner wall of the second cylinder (20), respectively.

3. The drilling tool according to claim 2, further comprising a second cutting structure (50), the second cutting structure (50) being provided on the connection plate (40).

4. The drilling tool according to claim 1, further comprising a third cutting structure (60), the third cutting structure (60) being provided at the bottom of the first cylinder (10).

5. The drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein a second slag inlet (12) is provided on a side wall of the first cylinder (10).

6. The drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the second cylinder (20) is located at an upper portion of the first cylinder (10).

7. The drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a first end of the cover plate (70) is hinged within the first cylinder (10), a second end of the cover plate (70) is a swinging end, the drilling tool further comprising a locking structure (80), the locking structure (80) being adapted to cooperate with the second end of the cover plate (70) for opening or closing the first slag inlet (11).

8. The drilling tool according to claim 7, wherein the top of the first cylinder (10) is provided with a mounting hole, and the locking structure (80) comprises:

the middle part of the swing rod (81) is rotatably connected to the first barrel (10), and one end of the swing rod (81) is provided with a locking hook (811) which is suitable for being matched with the second end of the cover plate (70);

the push rod (82) penetrates through the mounting hole to be connected with the other end of the swing rod (81), and the push rod (82) is suitable for driving the swing rod (81) to swing.

9. A rotary drilling rig comprising a drilling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A hierarchical drilling construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1: coring by using a drill cylinder, and cleaning holes after coring;

step S2: reaming with a drill tool according to any of the claims 1 to 8, the first cylinder (10) of the drill tool being brought into contact with the bottom hole, the drilling being performed to the bottom hole with a drill string adapted to the diameter of the drill tool;

step S3: increasing the diameter of the drill and repeating the step S2 until the bore reaches a predetermined diameter.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rotary drilling rigs, in particular to a drilling tool, a rotary drilling rig and a staged drilling construction method.

Background

The rotary drilling rig is a common engineering machine. The prior rotary drilling rig adopts a grading drilling construction method to carry out construction in a large-hole deep pile structure of a hard rock stratum. In the method, a small-diameter barrel drill is firstly adopted for coring, the verticality of the drill hole is ensured, and then the step-by-step external expansion construction is carried out. In the process of carrying out grading drilling and outward expanding by the rotary drilling rig in the prior art, the bailing bucket needs to be replaced and slag is bailed after the drill barrel is constructed, so that the construction method needs to replace the drill barrel with the bailing bucket for slag bailing operation for many times, time and labor are consumed, and the construction efficiency is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect of low construction efficiency of the rotary drilling rig in the prior art during the graded drilling construction, so that the drilling tool, the rotary drilling rig and the graded drilling construction method are provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a drilling tool comprising: the slag-removing device comprises a first barrel, wherein a first slag inlet is formed in the bottom of the first barrel, a cover plate is arranged at the first slag inlet and is suitable for opening or closing the first slag inlet, and a slag containing space is formed in the first barrel; the lower part of the second cylinder is provided with an opening, and the second cylinder is arranged around the first cylinder; and the first cutting structure is arranged at the lower edge of the second cylinder.

Optionally, the drilling tool further comprises a connecting plate, and two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected with the outer wall of the first cylinder and the inner wall of the second cylinder.

Optionally, the drilling tool further comprises a second cutting structure, the second cutting structure being provided on the connection plate.

Optionally, the drilling tool further comprises a third cutting structure, the third cutting structure being provided at the bottom of the first cylinder.

Optionally, a second slag inlet is arranged on the side wall of the first cylinder.

Optionally, the second cylinder is located at an upper portion of the first cylinder.

Optionally, the first end of the cover plate is hinged in the first barrel, the second end of the cover plate is a swinging end, and the drilling tool further comprises a locking structure, wherein the locking structure is suitable for being matched with the second end of the cover plate and used for opening or closing the first slag inlet.

Optionally, the top of the first cylinder is provided with a mounting hole, and the locking structure includes: the middle part of the swing rod is rotatably connected to the first barrel, and one end of the swing rod is provided with a lock hook suitable for being matched with the second end of the cover plate; the push rod penetrates through the mounting hole to be connected with the other end of the swing rod, and the push rod is suitable for driving the swing rod to swing.

The invention also provides a rotary drilling rig which comprises the drilling tool.

The invention also provides a graded drilling construction method, which comprises the following steps: step S1: coring by using a drill cylinder, and cleaning holes after coring; step S2: carrying out reaming by using the drilling tool, and when the first cylinder of the drilling tool is contacted with the hole bottom, constructing the hole bottom by using a drilling barrel with the diameter matched with that of the drilling tool; step S3: the diameter of the drill is increased and step S2 is repeated until the bore reaches the predetermined diameter.

The invention has the following advantages:

by utilizing the technical scheme of the invention, when drilling is carried out by utilizing drilling, the rock soil is cut by the first cutting structure on the second cylinder, and the cut muck enters the first cylinder through the first slag inlet at the bottom of the first cylinder, so that the muck is collected while reaming construction is realized by the drilling tool, and the muck can be fished out by lifting the drilling tool after reaming is finished, thereby avoiding the step of replacing the drilling cylinder with a sand fishing hopper in the step drilling and greatly improving the construction efficiency. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention overcomes the defect of low construction efficiency of the rotary drilling rig in the prior art during the grading drilling construction.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the construction of the drilling tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the drilling tool of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic top view of the drilling tool of FIG. 1; and

fig. 4 shows a flow diagram of the staged drilling construction method of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a first cylinder; 11. a first slag inlet; 12. a second slag inlet; 20. a second cylinder; 30. a first cutting structure; 40. a connecting plate; 50. a second cutting structure; 60. a third cutting structure; 70. a cover plate; 80. a locking structure; 81. a swing rod; 811. a latch hook; 82. a push rod.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the drilling tool of the present embodiment includes a first cylinder 10, a second cylinder 2, and a first cutting structure 30. Wherein, the bottom of the first cylinder 10 is provided with a first slag inlet 11, a cover plate 70 is arranged at the first slag inlet 11, and the cover plate 70 is suitable for opening or closing the first slag inlet 11. And a slag containing space is formed in the first cylinder 10. The second cylinder 20 has an opening at a lower portion thereof, and the second cylinder 20 is disposed around the first cylinder 10. The first cutting structure 30 is provided at the lower edge of the second cylinder 20.

Utilize the technical scheme of this embodiment, when utilizing to creep into when driling into, first cutting structure 30 on the second barrel 20 cuts the ground, the dregs after the cutting enters into to first barrel 10 in through the first slag inlet 11 of first barrel 10 bottom, consequently above-mentioned drilling tool has realized collecting the dregs in the reaming construction, lift the drilling tool after the reaming completion and can fish out the dregs, removed and changed the step of dragging for the sand fill with the drill collar in the hierarchical drilling from, construction efficiency has been improved greatly. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment overcomes the defect that the construction efficiency of the rotary drilling rig in the prior art is low during the grading drilling construction.

It should be noted that the first cylinder 10 has a side wall, and the bottom of the first cylinder 10 is the bottom of the side wall of the first cylinder 10. When the drilling tool is constructed, the slag soil can enter the slag containing space in the first cylinder 10 through the first slag inlet 11 at the bottom of the first cylinder 10, so that the first cylinder 10 has the slag carrying effect.

Meanwhile, the first cylinder 10 also has a guiding function during drilling.

It should be noted that the second cylinder 20 has a side wall, and the lower portion of the second cylinder 20 is an open structure. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned "the second cylinder 20 is disposed around the first cylinder 10" means that the sidewall of the second cylinder 20 is around the first cylinder 10. Further, the first cutting means 30 is provided at the lower end of the sidewall of the second cylinder 20, and the first cutting means 30 is provided in plurality, the first cutting means 30 being provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. The second cylinder 20 thus functions as a cutting collar during drilling.

Preferably, the first cutting structure 30 is a cutting pick, but the first cutting structure 30 may be other conventional cutting structures such as a tooth.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the solution of the present embodiment, the drilling tool further includes a connection plate 40, and both ends of the connection plate 40 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the first cylinder 10 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 20. Specifically, the diameter of the second cylinder 20 is larger than that of the first cylinder 10, so that the second cylinder 20 can be disposed around the outside of the first cylinder 10. And the above arrangement is such that there is a certain gap between the second cylinder 20 and the first cylinder 10. The two ends of the connecting plate 40 are respectively connected with the outer wall of the first cylinder 10 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 20, so that the connection strength between the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 can be enhanced, and the overall connection strength of the drilling tool can be increased.

Further, as can be seen from fig. 3, the connection plate 40 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of connection plates 40 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first cylinder 10. The specific number of connecting plates 40 can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the actual working requirements.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the solution of the present embodiment, the drilling tool further comprises a second cutting structure 50, and the second cutting structure 50 is disposed on the connecting plate 40. Specifically, the second cutting structure 50 can cut rock soil in a gap between the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20, thereby improving the rock ring crushing efficiency in the staged drilling process.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, in the plurality of connection plates 40, each connection plate 40 is provided with a second cutting structure 50. Of course, the skilled person can provide the second cutting structure 50 on only a part of the connecting plate 40 according to the actual working requirement.

Preferably, the second cutting structure 50 is a cutting pick, although the second cutting structure 50 may be other conventional cutting structures such as a tooth.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the solution of the present embodiment, the drilling tool further includes a third cutting structure 60, and the third cutting structure 60 is disposed at the bottom of the first cylinder 10. In particular, the third cutting structure 60 may provide a protective effect to the cover plate 70 during drilling of the drilling tool.

Of course, in some embodiments, not shown, the bottom of the first cylinder 10 may not be provided with the third cutting structure 60.

Preferably, the third cutting structure 60 is a cutting pick, although the third cutting structure 60 may be other conventional cutting structures such as a tooth.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the solution of the present embodiment, a second slag inlet 12 is provided on a side wall of the first cylinder 10. Specifically, the second slag inlet 12 is substantially square, and the second slag inlet 12 facilitates the falling of the slag into the first cylinder 10 during the drilling process of the drilling tool and reduces the cutting resistance.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a plurality of second slag inlets 12 are provided, and a plurality of second slag inlets 12 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first barrel 10. Further, the specific number of the second slag inlets 12 can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

As shown in fig. 2, the second cylinder 20 covers the portion overlapping with the second slag inlet 12.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the solution of the present embodiment, the second cylinder 20 is located at the upper part of the first cylinder 10. Specifically, the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 are concentrically arranged, and the upper ends of the two are flush with each other and provided with a top plate. The lower end of the first cylinder 10 protrudes downward from the second cylinder 20. When the drilling tool is constructed, the first cylinder 10 plays a role in guiding and carrying slag, and the second cylinder 20 plays a role in cutting a rock ring.

As shown in fig. 2, in the solution of the present embodiment, a first end of the cover plate 70 is hinged in the first cylinder 10, and a second end of the cover plate 70 is a swinging end. The drilling tool further comprises a locking structure 80, the locking structure 80 being adapted to cooperate with the second end of the cover plate 70 to maintain the cover plate 70 in the closed position. Specifically, the above structure allows the cover plate 70 to form an openable and closable structure. The locking structure 80 may maintain the cover plate 70 in the closed position when the locking structure 80 is mated with the second end of the cover plate 70. When the locking structure 80 is disengaged from the second end of the cover plate 70, the cover plate 70 may be moved from the closed position to the open position, thereby allowing entry of debris from the first debris inlet 11 into the first barrel 10.

As shown in fig. 2, in the solution of the present embodiment, a mounting hole is provided at the top of the first cylinder 10. The locking structure 80 includes a swing link 81 and a push rod 82. Wherein, the middle part of the swing link 81 is rotatably connected to the first cylinder 10, and the first end of the swing link 81 is provided with a locking hook 811 adapted to cooperate with the second end of the cover plate 70. The first end of the push rod 82 is connected with the second end of the swing rod 81, the second end in the push rod 82 penetrates through the mounting hole, and the push rod 82 is suitable for driving the swing rod 81 to swing. Specifically, the push rod 82 may move in a vertical direction, and as will be understood by those skilled in the art with reference to fig. 2, when the push rod 82 moves downward, the push rod 82 may drive the second end of the swing link 81 to swing outward, so that the latch hook 811 is separated from the second end of the cover plate 70. When the push rod 82 moves upward, the push rod 82 can drive the second end of the swing rod 81 to swing inward, so that the locking hook 811 is engaged with the second end of the cover plate 70.

Further, the upper end of the push rod 82 can be directly matched with a power head of the rotary drilling rig, so that the cover plate 70 can be opened when the push rod 82 is pressed down by the power head.

Preferably, the second end of the cover plate 70 may be provided with a recess or a ring structure that cooperates with the above-described locking hook 811.

The embodiment also provides a rotary drilling rig which comprises the drilling tool.

As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment further provides a staged drilling construction method, including:

step S1: coring by using a drill cylinder, and cleaning holes after coring;

step S2: reaming is carried out by using the drilling tool, and when the first cylinder 10 of the drilling tool is contacted with the hole bottom, a drilling cylinder with the diameter matched with that of the drilling tool is used for construction to the hole bottom;

step S3: the diameter of the drill is increased and step S2 is repeated until the bore reaches the predetermined diameter.

Specifically, in step S1, coring is performed using a drill of a small diameter (for example, R diameter), and hole cleaning is performed after coring. In step S2, the above-described drill (having a diameter of R + a) is used to perform hole expansion work, and the drill is removed when the first cylinder 10 comes into contact with the bottom of the hole. Because the first cylinder 10 protrudes downwards from the second cylinder 20, the inner wall of the bottom part in the hole wall is not cut by the first cutting structure 30, so that a drill cylinder with the same diameter (the diameter is R + a) needs to be used for construction to the bottom of the hole, the hole wall is guaranteed to be subjected to cutting construction, and then the hole is cleaned. In step S3, the drill having a slightly larger diameter (i.e., a is increased) is replaced to perform construction, thereby achieving the stepped drilling until the drilling is completed.

In the construction method, the drilling tool carries slag while drilling and reaming, so that the steps of replacing the drilling tool with a sand bailing hopper and bailing slag are omitted, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

According to the above description, the present patent application has the following advantages:

1. the first cylinder is additionally provided with the cover plate, so that the slag carrying function of the guide drill is realized;

2. the cutting teeth are distributed on the connecting plate of the first cylinder and the second cylinder, so that the capability of the pilot drill for cutting the rock ring is improved;

3. by the construction method, the time consumed for replacing the drilling bucket in the grading drilling process is reduced, and the working efficiency of the rotary drilling rig is improved;

4. and a second slag inlet is formed in the first cylinder, so that the drilling resistance is reduced, and the rock entering capability and the drilling efficiency are improved.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.