阅读说明：本技术 一种风力发电塔动态挠度测量方法及装置 (Method and device for measuring dynamic deflection of wind power generation tower ) 是由 刘玉帅 吴文超 占晓明 郑涛 刘强 金波 周明 于 2021-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种风力发电塔动态挠度测量方法,属于风力机挠度测量技术领域,该动态挠度测量方法具体步骤如下：步骤一：传感器部署；步骤二：数据采集；步骤三：数据处理；步骤四：挠度计算；本发明相较于其他挠度测量方法,其将QYG01-1型倾角仪安装于塔筒表面或内部,由于QYG01-1型倾角仪安装方便、成本低、不需要静态参考点并且不受天气等环境影响,从而有利于在任何条件下进行测量,此外本发明基于小波提升分解方法提取高精度动态横向转角信号,从而有利于提高挠度测量精度。(The invention discloses a dynamic deflection measuring method of a wind power generation tower, belonging to the technical field of wind turbine deflection measurement, and the dynamic deflection measuring method comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the following steps: deploying a sensor; step two: collecting data; step three: processing data; step four: calculating the deflection; compared with other deflection measuring methods, the QYG01-1 type inclinometer is installed on the surface or inside of the tower, and the QYG01-1 type inclinometer is convenient to install, low in cost, free of static reference points and free of the influence of weather and other environments, so that measurement under any conditions is facilitated.)

1. A dynamic deflection measuring method of a wind power generation tower is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: deploying sensors, namely deploying a QYG01-1 type inclinometer on the surface or inside of a tower drum of the wind power generation tower according to the actual size of the tower drum of the wind power generation tower to form a tower drum test point;

step two: acquiring data, namely measuring a dynamic transverse corner of the tower test point caused by wind power or load by using the QYG01-1 inclinometer;

step three: data processing, namely denoising the dynamic transverse corner in the step two by adopting a wavelet analysis technology, and extracting a high-precision dynamic transverse corner signal;

step four: and (4) deflection calculation, namely calculating the high-precision dynamic transverse corner signal obtained in the step three by adopting a mathematical model to obtain the dynamic deflection of the tower.

2. The method for measuring the dynamic deflection of the wind power generation tower according to claim 1, wherein the high-precision dynamic transverse rotation angle signal obtained in the third step is based on 4-step analysis, and the specific process is as follows:

s1: predicting the approximate shape of a dynamic corner waveform of a tower drum test point, and firstly selecting a jump point of the waveform to approximately determine the limit range of the duration time of wind power or load acting on the tower drum;

s2; roughly denoising a signal output by the QYG01-1 type inclinometer, namely performing low-pass filtering by adopting a classical digital filter to eliminate interference signals outside an effective frequency band of the QYG01-1 type inclinometer;

s3; wavelet lifting decomposition, namely, when a low-frequency waveform similar to the predicted corner shape appears, beginning to retain the decomposed low-frequency waveform and high-frequency waveform, continuing to decompose, and when a low-frequency waveform dissimilar to the predicted corner shape appears, stopping decomposition to obtain a wavelet decomposition result;

s4; and (4) screening the Ln high-precision dynamic transverse rotation angle signal from the wavelet decomposition result in the step S3 according to a certain criterion.

3. Method for wind power tower dynamic deflection measurement according to claim 2, characterised in that said wavelet lifting is based on a traditional wavelet function using a polynomial factorisation Euclidean algorithm.

4. The method for measuring the dynamic deflection of the wind power tower according to claim 2, wherein the specific content of the certain criterion is as follows:

criterion 1: the waveform shape of Ln is similar to the predicted waveform;

criterion 2: ln has no over decomposition phenomenon, and the high-frequency signal Hn corresponding to Ln does not have the over decomposition phenomenon;

criterion 3: l (n-1) contains dither signals having a frequency much greater than 1/THz;

criterion 4: the frequency components of L (n +1) are all close to 1/THz.

5. The method for measuring the dynamic deflection of the wind power generation tower according to claim 1, wherein the deflection calculation of the tower in the fourth step is to fit a deflection curve by a least square method, and a mathematical model of the method is as follows:

in the formula: g_j(x) Is a reasonably selected set of orthogonal functions, which is a set of basis for a K-1 dimensional linear space; a (x) is a function meeting the condition of tower deflection margin value; a is_jIs a basis function G_j(x) Is a constant system of (A).

6. The method for measuring the dynamic deflection of the wind power generation tower according to claim 5, wherein the concrete formula of the function meeting the condition of the tower deflection edge value is as follows:

A(x)＝x*(x-L) (2)

in the formula: and L is the actual size of the tower.

7. A wind power generation tower dynamic deflection measuring device is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing module, a data storage module, a data remote transmission module and a power supply module;

the data acquisition module is specifically a QYG01-1 type inclinometer and is used for acquiring a dynamic transverse corner of the tower drum caused by wind power or load in real time;

the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the dynamic transverse corner;

the data processing module is used for performing wavelet analysis on the dynamic transverse corner and performing deflection calculation based on a mathematical model to obtain a dynamic deflection value of the tower;

the data storage module is used for storing the dynamic deflection value of the tower drum in real time;

the data remote sending module is used for remotely transmitting the measured dynamic deflection value of the tower;

the power supply module is used for supplying power to the data acquisition module, the data processing module, the data storage module and the data remote transmission module.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine deflection measurement, in particular to a method and a device for measuring dynamic deflection of a wind power generation tower.

Background

Through retrieval, the Chinese patent number CN101813055A discloses a wind driven generator with blade tip deflection detection, the invention measures the blade tip deflection of the wind driven generator by measuring the horizontal distance between the blade tip of a tower and a tower frame through a distance meter, although the invention has simple equipment, convenient operation and low cost, the invention needs a static reference point which is easily influenced by the external environment, thereby easily causing the deflection measurement result to have lower accuracy; a wind power generator is an electric power device which converts wind energy into mechanical power, and the mechanical power drives a rotor to rotate so as to finally output alternating current; the wind power generator generally comprises components such as a wind wheel, a generator (including a device), a direction regulator (empennage), a tower, a speed-limiting safety mechanism, an energy storage device and the like; the wind driven generator is generally installed in areas with rich wind energy resources, and works in severe environments, such as high and low temperature, typhoon, lightning stroke, wind sand, various corrosion and the like; the tower barrel is one of important components of the wind driven generator, and the service life of the tower barrel becomes a problem which is very concerned by a wind turbine designer because the tower barrel bears high load and wind field disturbance; meanwhile, the deformation of the tower drum under the action of dynamic load has great influence on the service performance of the wind turbine, and the measurement of the deflection change of the tower drum under the action of wind power or load or in the load process is beneficial to analyzing the action mechanism of the tower drum and the structure, provides a basis for the strength and rigidity design of the tower drum and becomes a favorable guarantee for the normal work of the wind turbine; therefore, it becomes more important to invent a method and a device for measuring dynamic deflection of a wind power generation tower;

most of the existing wind power generation tower dynamic deflection measuring methods are used for measuring by using a distance measuring instrument, and although the methods are simple in equipment, convenient to operate and low in cost, static reference points are needed and are easily influenced by the external environment, so that the deflection measuring result is low in accuracy; therefore, a method and a device for measuring dynamic deflection of a wind power generation tower are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method and a device for measuring dynamic deflection of a wind power generation tower.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a dynamic deflection measuring method of a wind power generation tower comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: deploying sensors, namely deploying a QYG01-1 type inclinometer on the surface or inside of a tower drum of the wind power generation tower according to the actual size of the tower drum of the wind power generation tower to form a tower drum test point;

step two: acquiring data, namely measuring a dynamic transverse corner of the tower test point caused by wind power or load by using the QYG01-1 inclinometer;

step three: data processing, namely denoising the dynamic transverse corner in the step two by adopting a wavelet analysis technology, and extracting a high-precision dynamic transverse corner signal;

step four: and (4) deflection calculation, namely calculating the high-precision dynamic transverse corner signal obtained in the step three by adopting a mathematical model to obtain the dynamic deflection of the tower.

Further, the high-precision dynamic transverse rotation angle signal in the third step is based on 4-step analysis, and the specific process is as follows:

s1: predicting the approximate shape of a dynamic corner waveform of a tower drum test point, and firstly selecting a jump point of the waveform to approximately determine the limit range of the duration time of wind power or load acting on the tower drum;

s2; roughly denoising a signal output by the QYG01-1 type inclinometer, namely performing low-pass filtering by adopting a classical digital filter to eliminate interference signals outside an effective frequency band of the QYG01-1 type inclinometer;

s3; wavelet lifting decomposition, namely, when a low-frequency waveform similar to the predicted corner shape appears, beginning to retain the decomposed low-frequency waveform and high-frequency waveform, continuing to decompose, and when a low-frequency waveform dissimilar to the predicted corner shape appears, stopping decomposition to obtain a wavelet decomposition result;

s4; and (4) screening the Ln high-precision dynamic transverse rotation angle signal from the wavelet decomposition result in the step S3 according to a certain criterion.

Further, the wavelet lifting is based on a conventional wavelet function that employs a polynomial factorized Euclidean algorithm.

Further, the specific content of the certain criterion is as follows:

criterion 1: the waveform shape of Ln is similar to the predicted waveform;

criterion 2: ln has no over decomposition phenomenon, and the high-frequency signal Hn corresponding to Ln does not have the over decomposition phenomenon;

criterion 3: l (n-1) contains dither signals having a frequency much greater than 1/THz;

criterion 4: the frequency components of L (n +1) are all close to 1/THz.

And further, the deflection calculation of the tower tube in the step four adopts a least square method to fit a deflection curve, and a mathematical model of the deflection curve is as follows:

in the formula: g_j(x) Is a reasonably selected set of orthogonal functions, which is a set of basis for a K-1 dimensional linear space; a (x) is a function meeting the condition of tower deflection margin value; a is_jIs a basis function G_j(x) Is a constant system of (A).

Further, the specific formula of the function satisfying the condition of the tower tube deflection edge value is as follows:

A(x)＝x*(x-L) (2)

in the formula: and L is the actual size of the tower.

A wind power generation tower dynamic deflection measuring device comprises a data acquisition module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing module, a data storage module, a data remote transmission module and a power supply module;

the data acquisition module is specifically a QYG01-1 type inclinometer and is used for acquiring a dynamic transverse corner of the tower drum caused by wind power or load in real time;

the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the dynamic transverse corner;

the data processing module is used for performing wavelet analysis on the dynamic transverse corner and performing deflection calculation based on a mathematical model to obtain a dynamic deflection value of the tower;

the data storage module is used for storing the dynamic deflection value of the tower drum in real time;

the data remote sending module is used for remotely transmitting the measured dynamic deflection value of the tower;

the power supply module is used for supplying power to the data acquisition module, the data processing module, the data storage module and the data remote transmission module.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with other deflection measuring methods, the method and the device for measuring the dynamic deflection of the wind power generation tower have the advantages that the QYG01-1 type inclinometer is installed on the surface or inside of the tower, and the QYG01-1 type inclinometer is convenient to install, low in cost, free of static reference points and free of influences of weather and other environments, so that measurement under any conditions is facilitated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of a method for measuring dynamic deflection of a wind power tower according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole dynamic deflection measuring device of the wind power generation tower provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a dynamic deflection measuring method for a wind power generation tower, which comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps: deploying sensors, namely deploying a QYG01-1 type inclinometer on the surface or inside of a tower drum of the wind power generation tower according to the actual size of the tower drum of the wind power generation tower to form a tower drum test point;

specifically, the QYG01-1 inclinometer is a high-sensitivity anti-vibration interference inclination angle measuring instrument formed by utilizing a capacitance sensing technology and a passive servo technology on a slewing pendulum, and has the advantages of convenience in installation, no need of a static reference point, no influence of weather and other environments, high resolution, low cost and the like.

Step two: acquiring data, namely measuring a dynamic transverse corner of a tower tube test point caused by wind power or load by using a QYG01-1 type inclinometer;

step three: data processing, namely denoising the dynamic transverse corner in the step two by adopting a wavelet analysis technology, and extracting a high-precision dynamic transverse corner signal;

specifically, the high-precision dynamic transverse rotation angle signal is based on 4-step analysis, and the specific process is as follows: firstly, predicting the approximate shape of a dynamic corner waveform of a tower drum test point, and firstly, selecting a jump point of the waveform to approximately determine the limit range of the duration time of wind power or load acting on the tower drum; then, carrying out coarse noise elimination on the signal output by the QYG01-1 type inclinometer, namely carrying out low-pass filtering by adopting a classical digital filter to eliminate interference signals outside the effective frequency band of the QYG01-1 type inclinometer; secondly, performing wavelet lifting decomposition, namely starting to keep the decomposed low-frequency waveform and high-frequency waveform when the low-frequency waveform similar to the predicted corner shape appears, continuing to decompose, and stopping decomposition when the low-frequency waveform dissimilar to the predicted corner shape appears to obtain a wavelet decomposition result; specifically, the wavelet lifting is based on a traditional wavelet function, which adopts a polynomial factorization Euclidean algorithm; finally, screening the Ln high-precision dynamic transverse corner signal from the wavelet decomposition result according to a certain criterion;

specifically, the specific content of the certain criterion is as follows: criterion 1: the waveform shape of Ln is similar to the predicted waveform; criterion 2: ln has no over decomposition phenomenon, and the high-frequency signal Hn corresponding to Ln does not have the over decomposition phenomenon; criterion 3: l (n-1) contains dither signals having a frequency much greater than 1/THz; criterion 4: the frequency components of L (n +1) are all close to 1/THz.

Step four: calculating deflection, namely calculating the high-precision dynamic transverse corner signals in the step three by adopting a mathematical model to obtain the dynamic deflection of the tower;

specifically, the deflection calculation of the tower tube adopts a least square method to fit a deflection curve, and a mathematical model of the deflection calculation is as follows:in the formula: g_j(x) Is a reasonably selected set of orthogonal functions, which is a set of basis for a K-1 dimensional linear space; a (x) is a function meeting the condition of tower deflection margin value; a is_jIs a basis function G_j(x) A constant system of (a);

specifically, the specific formula of the function satisfying the condition of the tower tube deflection edge value is as follows: a (x) ═ x (x-L), in which: and L is the actual size of the tower.

Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment discloses a dynamic deflection measuring device for a wind power generation tower, which comprises a data acquisition module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data processing module, a data storage module, a data remote transmission module and a power module;

the data acquisition module is specifically a QYG01-1 type inclinometer and is used for acquiring a dynamic transverse corner of the tower drum caused by wind power or load in real time;

the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the dynamic transverse corner;

the data processing module is used for performing wavelet analysis on the dynamic transverse corner and performing deflection calculation based on a mathematical model to obtain a dynamic deflection value of the tower;

the data storage module is used for storing the dynamic deflection value of the tower drum in real time;

the data remote transmission module is used for remotely transmitting the measured dynamic deflection value of the tower;

the power supply module is used for supplying power for the data acquisition module, the data processing module, the data storage module and the data remote sending module.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.