阅读说明：本技术 用于在无线通信系统中报告波束信息的方法及其装置 (Method for reporting beam information in wireless communication system and apparatus therefor ) 是由 姜智源 于 2020-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：提出了一种用于在无线通信系统中报告波束信息的方法及其装置。具体地,由终端执行的方法可以包括以下步骤：向基站发送波束相关能力信息；从基站接收用于触发波束报告的下行链路控制信息；从基站接收波束报告相关资源；以及基于波束报告相关资源向基站报告波束信息。(A method for reporting beam information in a wireless communication system and an apparatus thereof are provided. In particular, the method performed by the terminal may comprise the steps of: transmitting beam related capability information to a base station; receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from a base station; receiving beam report related resources from a base station; and reporting the beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resource.)

1. A method of reporting beam information in a wireless communication system, the method being performed by a user equipment, UE, the method comprising the steps of:

transmitting beam related capability information to a base station;

receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station;

receiving beam report related resources from the base station; and

reporting the beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resource,

wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information,

wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam-related capability information, and

wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first minimum required time has a value greater than or equal to the second minimum required time.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first minimum required time is a value obtained by adding 1 symbol or 2 symbols to the second minimum required time.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam-related capability information comprises at least one of: i) information for beam reporting timing and/or ii) information for beam switching timing.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second minimum required time is determined by the beam reporting timing.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the second minimum required time is determined as a sum of the beam reporting timing and the beam switching timing, or a predetermined specific value.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the noise and interference related information comprises a signal to interference noise ratio, SINR, and an indicator of the beam report related resources, and

wherein the received power related information comprises a reference signal received power, RSRP, and an indicator of the beam report related resource.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam report related resource is a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resource or a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) resource.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam report is an aperiodic beam report.

10. A user equipment, UE, reporting beam information in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising:

one or more transceivers;

one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more transceivers; and

one or more memories functionally connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions for performing operations,

wherein the operations comprise:

transmitting beam related capability information to a base station;

receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station;

receiving beam report related resources from the base station; and

reporting the beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resource,

wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information,

wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam-related capability information, and

wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

11. The UE of claim 10, wherein the first minimum required time has a value greater than or equal to the second minimum required time.

12. The UE of claim 10, wherein the first minimum required time is a value obtained by adding 1 symbol or 2 symbols to the second minimum required time.

13. The UE of claim 10, wherein the beam-related capability information comprises at least one of: i) information for beam reporting timing and/or ii) information for beam switching timing.

14. The UE of claim 13, wherein the second minimum required time is determined by the beam reporting timing.

15. The UE of claim 13, wherein the second minimum required time is determined as a sum of the beam reporting timing and the beam switching timing, or a predetermined specific value.

16. The UE of claim 10, wherein the noise and interference related information comprises a signal to interference noise ratio, SINR, and an indicator of the beam report related resources, and

wherein the received power related information comprises a reference signal received power, RSRP, and an indicator of the beam report related resource.

17. The UE of claim 10, wherein the beam report related resource is a channel state information-reference signal, CSI-RS, resource or a synchronization signal block, SSB, resource.

18. The UE of claim 10, wherein the beam report is an aperiodic beam report.

19. An apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more memories,

wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to:

transmitting beam related capability information to a base station;

receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station;

receiving beam report related resources from the base station; and

reporting the beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resource,

wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information,

wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam-related capability information, and

wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

20. A non-transitory computer readable medium CRM storing one or more instructions,

wherein the one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors are configured to cause the user equipment, UE, to:

transmitting beam related capability information to a base station;

receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station;

receiving beam report related resources from the base station; and

reporting the beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resource,

wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information,

wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for the beam reporting,

wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam-related capability information, and

wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method for reporting beam information and an apparatus supporting the same.

Background

Mobile communication systems providing voice services while ensuring user's activities have been developed. However, the range of mobile communication systems has been extended to data services in addition to voice. Due to the current explosive growth of traffic, there is a shortage of resources, and thus users demand higher speed services. Therefore, a more advanced mobile communication system is required.

The demands on next generation mobile communication systems require the ability to support adaptation to bursty data traffic, a significant increase in data rate per user, adaptation to a significantly increased number of connected devices, very low end-to-end delay, and high energy efficiency. To this end, various technologies such as dual connectivity, massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), in-band full duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), support for ultra-wideband, and device networking are being investigated.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem

The present disclosure presents a method and apparatus for defining/configuring a minimum required time (e.g., Z/Z') to be applied for reporting noise and interference related information (e.g., CRI/SSBRI and their L1-SINR).

Technical objects to be achieved by the present disclosure are not limited to the technical objects described above by way of example only, and other technical objects not mentioned may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the following description.

Technical scheme

The present disclosure proposes a method of reporting beam information in a wireless communication system. A method performed by a User Equipment (UE) includes: transmitting beam related capability information to a base station; receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from a base station; receiving beam report related resources from a base station; and reporting the beam information to the base station based on the beam reporting related resource, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or reception power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the reception power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the first minimum required time may have a value greater than or equal to the second minimum required time.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the first minimum required time may be a value obtained by adding 1 symbol or 2 symbols to the second minimum required time.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the beam related capability information may include at least one of: i) information for beam reporting timing and/or ii) information for beam switching timing.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the second minimum required time may be determined by a beam report timing.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the second minimum required time may be determined as a sum of the beam report timing and the beam switching timing, or a predetermined specific value.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the noise and interference related information may include an indicator of the beam report related resource and a signal to interference noise ratio (SINR), and the received power related information may include an indicator of the beam report related resource and a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the beam report related resource may be a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resource or a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) resource.

Further, in the method of the present disclosure, the beam report may be a non-periodic beam report.

Further, a User Equipment (UE) reporting beam information in a wireless communication system in the present disclosure, the UE comprising one or more transceivers, one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more transceivers, and one or more memories functionally connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions for performing operations, wherein the operations comprise: the method includes transmitting beam related capability information to a base station, receiving downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station, receiving beam reporting related resources from the base station, and reporting beam information to the base station based on the beam reporting related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the first minimum required time may have a value greater than or equal to the second minimum required time.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the first minimum required time may be a value obtained by adding 1 symbol or 2 symbols to the second minimum required time.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the beam related capability information may include at least one of: i) information for beam reporting timing and/or ii) information for beam switching timing.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the second minimum required time may be determined by a beam report timing.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the second minimum required time may be determined as a sum of the beam report timing and the beam switching timing, or a predetermined specific value.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the noise and interference related information may include an indicator of a beam report related resource and a signal to interference noise ratio (SINR), and the received power related information may include an indicator of a beam report related resource and a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the beam report related resource may be a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resource or a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) resource.

Further, in the UE of the present disclosure, the beam report may be a non-periodic beam report.

Further, an apparatus in the present disclosure includes one or more memories and one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more memories, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit beam related capability information to a base station, receive downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station, receive beam reporting related resources from the base station, and report beam information to the base station based on the beam reporting related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Further, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (CRM) storing one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors are configured to cause a User Equipment (UE) to transmit beam related capability information to a base station, receive downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station, receive beam report related resources from the base station, and report beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Technical effects

According to the present disclosure, by defining/configuring a minimum required time (e.g., Z/Z') applied to report noise and interference related information (e.g., CRI/SSBRI and their L1-SINR), there is an effect that reliable noise and interference related information (or channel state information) can be reported.

Further, according to the present disclosure, even in the case of measuring an Interference Measurement Resource (IMR), there is an effect that reliable noise and interference related information can be reported.

Further, according to the present disclosure, there is an effect that a communication system with low delay and high reliability can be realized.

Effects that can be achieved with the present disclosure are not limited to the effects described above by way of example only, and other effects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains from the following description.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and constitute a part of this detailed description, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an AI device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an AI server 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the AI system 1 according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 illustrates physical channels and general signal transmission used in the 3GPP system.

Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an overall system structure of NR to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Fig. 6 illustrates a relationship between an uplink frame and a downlink frame in a wireless communication system to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a frame structure in the NR system.

Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a resource grid supported in a wireless communication system to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a resource grid per antenna port and parameter set to which the methods presented in this disclosure may be applied.

Fig. 10 illustrates an example of a self-contained structure to which the methods presented in this disclosure may be applied.

Fig. 11 illustrates the SSB architecture.

Fig. 12 illustrates SSB transmission.

Fig. 13 illustrates that the UE acquires information on DL time synchronization.

Fig. 14 illustrates beam measurement using an SB beam and a CSI-RS beam.

Fig. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a DL BM process using SSB.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a DLBM process using CSI-RS.

Fig. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a reception beam determination process of the UE.

Fig. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of determining a transmission beam by a base station.

Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of resource allocation in time and frequency domains in relation to the operation of fig. 16.

Fig. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a CSI-related procedure.

Fig. 21 illustrates an example of a downlink transmission/reception operation.

Fig. 22 illustrates an example of a signaling procedure related to the method proposed in the present disclosure.

Fig. 23 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a UE described in the present disclosure.

Fig. 24 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of a base station described in the present disclosure.

Fig. 25 illustrates a communication system 10 applied to the present disclosure.

Fig. 26 illustrates a wireless device suitable for use in the present disclosure.

Fig. 27 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal.

Fig. 28 illustrates another example of a wireless device applied to the present disclosure.

Fig. 29 illustrates a portable device applied to the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description, which will be disclosed in connection with the appended drawings, is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to describe the only embodiments of the present disclosure. The following detailed description includes further details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be practiced without these details.

In some cases, in order to avoid the concept of the present disclosure from being obscured, known structures and devices are omitted, or may be shown in block diagram form based on core functions of the respective structures and devices.

In this specification, a Base Station (BS) has the meaning of a terminal node of a network through which the base station communicates with a device. In the present disclosure, a specific operation described as being performed by the base station may be performed by an upper node of the base station, if necessary or desired. That is, it is apparent that, in a network configured by a plurality of network nodes including a base station, various operations performed for communication with a device may be performed by the base station or network nodes other than the base station. The Base Station (BS) may be replaced by another term such as fixed station, node B, eNB (evolved NodeB), Base Transceiver System (BTS), Access Point (AP), gNB (general NB). In addition, the device may be fixed or may have mobility, and may be replaced by another term such as User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSs), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), a Wireless Terminal (WT), a Machine Type Communication (MTC) device, a machine to machine (M2M) device, or a device to device (D2D) device.

Hereinafter, Downlink (DL) means communication from the eNB to the UE, and Uplink (UL) means communication from the UE to the eNB. In DL, the transmitter may be a component of the eNB, and the receiver may be a component of the UE. In the UL, the transmitter may be a component of the UE, and the receiver may be a component of the eNB.

Specific terms used in the following description are provided to aid understanding of the present disclosure, and the use of the specific terms may be changed to other forms without departing from the scope of the technical spirit of the present disclosure.

The following techniques may be used for various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). CDMA may be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA 2000. TDMA may be implemented using radio technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM)/General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)/enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may be implemented using radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)802.11(Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16(WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Third generation partnership project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA), and 3GPP LTE employs OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FMDA in the uplink. LTE-advanced (LTE-a) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be supported by standard documents disclosed in at least one of IEEE 802, 3GPP, and 3GPP2 (i.e., radio access systems). That is, steps or portions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, which are not described in order to clearly illustrate the technical spirit of the present disclosure, may be supported by the standard documents. Furthermore, all terms described in this document can be described by standard documents.

For clarity of the description, 3GPP LTE/LTE-a/new rat (nr) is mainly described, but the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

Hereinafter, an example of a 5G usage scenario to which the method proposed in this specification can be applied is described.

The three main demand areas for 5G include (1) the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) area, (2) the large machine type communication (mtc) area, and (3) the ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) area.

Some use cases may require multiple zones for optimization, while other use cases may focus on only one Key Performance Indicator (KPI). The 5G supports various use cases in a flexible and reliable manner.

The eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile internet access and covers a large number of two-way tasks, media and entertainment applications in the cloud or augmented reality. Data is one of the key drivers of 5G, and dedicated voice services may not be seen first in the 5G era. In 5G, it is expected that speech will be handled as an application using the data connection that the communication system simply provides. The main causes of the increase in traffic include an increase in the size of contents and an increase in the number of applications requiring high data transmission rates. Streaming media services (audio and video), conversational video, and mobile internet connectivity will be more widely used as more and more devices are connected to the internet. So many applications need to always open connections in order to push real-time information and notifications to the user. Cloud storage and applications are dramatically increasing in mobile communication platforms, and this can be applied to both commerce and entertainment. Furthermore, cloud storage is a special use case that drags the uplink data transmission rate to increase. 5G is also used for remote services of the cloud. When using a haptic interface, a lower end-to-end delay is required to maintain an excellent user experience. Entertainment (e.g., cloud gaming and video streaming) is another key element that increases the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential in smart phones and tablet computers anywhere in high mobility environments, including such things as trains, vehicles, and airplanes. Another use case is augmented reality and entertainment information search. In this case, augmented reality requires extremely low latency and an instantaneous amount of data.

Furthermore, one of the most desirable 5G use cases relates to the function of being able to connect embedded sensors smoothly in all areas (i.e., mtc). By 2020, it is expected that potential IoT devices will reach 20.4 billion. Industrial IoT is one of the major areas where 5G plays a major role, enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture and security infrastructure.

URLLC includes a new service that will change the industry by remotely controlling the primary infrastructure and links with ultra-low reliability/low availability latency, such as autonomous driving. The level of reliability and latency are critical to smart grid control, industrial automation, robotic engineering, drone control and regulation.

A number of use cases are described in more detail.

5G may complement Fiber To The Home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS) as a means of providing streams from gigabits per second to hundreds of megabits per second evaluations. In addition to virtual reality and augmented reality, such fast speed is also necessary to deliver TV with a resolution of 4K or higher (6K, 8K or higher). Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications include immersive sports games. A particular application may require a particular network configuration. For example, in the case of VR games, in order for the gaming companies to minimize latency, it may be desirable to integrate the core server with the edge network servers of the network operator.

It is expected that automobiles will become an important and new power source for 5G together with many use cases of automobile mobile communication. For example, entertainment for passengers requires both high capacity and high mobility mobile broadband. The reason for this is that future users will continue to expect high quality connections regardless of their location and speed. Another example of use in the automotive field is augmented reality instrument panels. The augmented reality instrument panel overlaps and displays information, recognizes an object in the dark, and informs the driver of the distance and movement of the object on the object that the driver sees through the front window. In the future, the wireless module enables communication between automobiles, information exchange between automobiles and supported infrastructure, and information exchange between automobiles and other connected devices (e.g., devices accompanying pedestrians). The safety system guides the alternative course of action so that the driver can drive more safely, thereby reducing the risk of accidents. The next step would be a remotely controlled or autonomous vehicle. This requires very reliable, very fast communication between different autonomous vehicles and between the car and the infrastructure. In the future, autodrive cars may perform all driving activities and the driver will concentrate on something that the car itself cannot recognize outside the traffic. The technical requirements for autonomous vehicles require ultra-low latency and ultra-high speed reliability, increasing traffic safety to levels that cannot be reached by humans.

Smart cities and smart homes, which are mentioned as smart societies, will be embedded as high-density radio sensor networks. A distributed network of smart sensors will identify the cost of a city or home and the conditions for energy saving maintenance. Approximate configuration may be performed for each household. The temperature sensor, window and heating controls, burglar alarm and household appliance are all connected in a wireless manner. Some of these sensors are typically low data transfer rates, low energy and low cost. However, for example, certain types of monitoring devices may require real-time HD video.

The consumption and distribution of energy, including heat or gas, is highly distributed and therefore requires automatic control of the distributed sensor network. The smart grid collects information and interconnects these sensors using digital information and communication techniques so that the sensors operate based on the information. This information may include the behavior of suppliers and consumers, so the smart grid can improve the distribution of fuels such as electricity in an efficient, reliable, economical, production-sustainable, and automated manner. The smart grid may be considered another sensor network with small latency.

The health component has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. The communication system may support teletherapy, providing clinical therapy at a remote location. This helps to reduce obstacles to distance and may improve access to medical services that are not continuously used in remote agricultural areas. Furthermore, this is used to save lives in important therapeutic and emergency situations. A mobile communication based radio sensor network can provide remote monitoring and sensing of parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

Radio and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in the field of industrial applications. Wiring requires high installation and maintenance costs. Thus, in many industrial fields, the possibility to replace the cable with a reconfigurable radio link is an attractive opportunity in many industrial fields. However, to achieve this possibility, a radio connection is required to operate with similar latency, reliability and capability to that of the cable and to simplify management. Low latency and low error probability are new requirements for connection to 5G.

Logistics and freight tracking is an important use case of mobile communications that enables tracking of inventory and parcels using location-based information systems. Logistics and freight tracking use cases typically require low data rates, but require wide areas and reliable location information.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence means the field of studying artificial intelligence or methods capable of generating artificial intelligence. Machine learning means a field of defining various problems handled in the field of artificial intelligence and researching methods for solving the problems. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves task performance through a continuous experience of the task.

An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning, and is configured with artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by a combination of synapses, and may mean that the entire model has the ability to solve a problem. The artificial neural network may be defined by a connection pattern between neurons of different layers, a learning process of updating model parameters, and an activation function for generating an output value.

The artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons. An artificial neural network may include synapses connecting neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron may output a function value of an activation function for an input signal input through a synapse, a weight, and a bias.

The model parameters mean parameters determined by learning, and include the weight of synaptic connections and the bias of neurons. Further, hyper-parameters mean parameters that need to be configured prior to learning in a machine learning algorithm, and include a learning rate, a number of repetitions, a minimum deployment size, and an initialization function.

The learning objects of the artificial neural network may be considered as determining the model parameters that minimize the loss function. The loss function may be used as an indicator to determine the best model parameters during the learning process of the artificial neural network.

Based on the learning method, machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

Supervised learning means a method of training an artificial neural network in a state where a label for learning data has been given. The label may mean an answer (or a result value) that must be derived by the artificial neural network when the learning data is input to the artificial neural network. Unsupervised learning may mean a method of training an artificial neural network in a state where a label for learning data has not been given. Reinforcement learning may mean the following learning method: agents defined within the environment are trained to select a behavior or sequence of behaviors that maximizes the compensation accumulated in each state.

Among artificial neural networks, machine learning implemented as a Deep Neural Network (DNN) including a plurality of hidden layers is also referred to as deep learning. Deep learning is part of machine learning. Hereinafter, machine learning is used as meaning including deep learning.

Robot

A robot may mean a machine that automatically processes a given task or operates based on autonomously owned capabilities. In particular, a robot having a function for recognizing an environment and autonomously determining and performing an operation may be referred to as an intelligent robot.

Robots can be classified for industrial, medical, home, and military use based on their purpose or field of use.

The robot includes a driving unit having an actuator or a motor, and may perform various physical operations such as moving a robot joint. Further, the mobile robot includes wheels, brakes, propellers, and the like in the driving unit, and may run on the ground or fly in the air by the driving unit.

Autopilot (autonomous driving)

Autonomous driving refers to a technique for autonomous driving. The autonomous vehicle means a vehicle that travels without manipulation by a user or with minimal manipulation by a user.

For example, the automated driving may include all of a technique for maintaining a driving lane, a technique for automatically controlling a speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technique for automatically driving along a predetermined path, and a technique for automatically configuring a path when a destination is set and driving.

The vehicle includes a vehicle having only an internal combustion engine, a hybrid vehicle including both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, and an electric vehicle having only an electric motor, and may include a train, a motorcycle, and the like in addition to the vehicle.

In this case, the autonomous vehicle may be regarded as a robot having an autonomous driving function.

Extended reality (XR)

Augmented reality is collectively referred to as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR). VR technology only provides real-world objects or backgrounds as CG images. The AR technology provides a virtually generated CG image on an actual object image. The MR technology is a computer graphics technology for mixing and combining virtual objects with the real world and providing them.

The MR technique is similar to the AR technique in that it displays real objects and virtual objects. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used in one form to supplement real objects. In contrast, in the MR technique, a virtual object and a real object are used as the same character, unlike in the AR technique.

XR technology may be applied to Head Mounted Displays (HMDs), Head Up Displays (HUDs), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptop computers, desktops, TVs, and digital signage. Devices that have applied XR technology may be referred to as XR devices.

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an AI device 100 to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

The AI device 100 may be implemented as a fixed device or a mobile device such as a TV, a projector, a mobile phone, a smart phone, a desktop computer, a notebook, a terminal for digital broadcasting, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Portable Multimedia Player (PMP), a navigator, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a DMB receiver, a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a desktop computer, a digital signage, a robot, and a vehicle.

Referring to fig. 1, the terminal 100 may include a communication unit 110, an input unit 120, a learning processor 130, a sensing unit 140, an output unit 150, a memory 170, and a processor 180.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive data to and from external devices such as other AI devices 100a to 100e or the AI server 200 using a wired communication technique and a wireless communication technique. For example, the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive sensor information, user input, learning models, and control signals to and from an external device.

In this case, the communication technology used by the communication unit 110 includes global system for mobile communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5G, wireless lan (wlan), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth^TMRadio Frequency Identification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), ZigBee, Near Field Communication (NFC), and the like.

The input unit 120 can obtain various types of data.

In this case, the input unit 120 may include a camera for image signal input, a microphone for receiving an audio signal, a user input unit for receiving information from a user, and the like. In this case, the camera or the microphone is regarded as a sensor, and a signal obtained from the camera or the microphone may be referred to as sensing data or sensor information.

When obtaining an output using a learning model, the input unit 120 may obtain learning data used for model learning and input data to be used. The input unit 120 may obtain unprocessed input data. In this case, the processor 180 or the learning processor 130 may extract the input features by performing preprocessing on the input data.

The learning processor 130 may be trained by a model configured with an artificial neural network using learning data. In this case, the trained artificial neural network may be referred to as a learning model. The learning model is used to derive the result values of the new input data rather than the learning data. The derived value may be used as a basis for performing a given operation.

In this case, the learning processor 130 may perform the AI process together with the learning processor 240 of the AI server 200.

In this case, the learning processor 130 may include a memory integrated or implemented in the AI device 100. Alternatively, the learning processor 130 may be implemented using the memory 170, an external memory directly coupled to the AI device 100, or a memory held in an external device.

The sensing unit 140 may obtain at least one of internal information of the AI device 100, ambient environment information of the AI device 100, or user information using various sensors.

In this case, the sensors included in the sensing unit 140 include a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a photoelectric sensor, a microphone, a laser radar, and a radar.

The output unit 150 may generate an output related to a visual sensation, an auditory sensation, or a tactile sensation.

In this case, the output unit 150 may include a display unit for outputting visual information, a speaker for outputting auditory information, and a haptic module for outputting haptic information.

The memory 170 may store data supporting various functions of the AI device 100. For example, the memory 170 may store input data, learning models, learning histories, and the like obtained by the input unit 120.

The processor 180 may determine at least one executable operation of the AI device 100 based on information determined or generated using a data analysis algorithm or a machine learning algorithm. Further, the processor 180 may perform the determined operation by controlling elements of the AI device 100.

To this end, the processor 180 may request, search, receive, and use data of the learning processor 130 or the memory 170, and may control elements of the AI device 100 to perform a prediction operation among at least one executable operation or an operation determined to be preferred.

In this case, if it is necessary to associate with the external device to perform the determined operation, the processor 180 may generate a control signal for controlling the corresponding external device and transmit the generated control signal to the corresponding external device.

The processor 180 may obtain intention information for user input and transmit a user demand based on the obtained intention information.

In this case, the processor 180 may obtain intention information corresponding to the user input using at least one of a speech-to-text (STT) engine for converting the speech input into a text string or a Natural Language Processing (NLP) engine for obtaining intention information of a natural language.

In this case, at least some of at least one of the STT engine or the NLP engine may be configured as an artificial neural network trained based on a machine learning algorithm. Further, at least one of the STT engine or the NLP engine may have been trained by the learning processor 130, may have been trained by the learning processor 240 of the AI server 200, or may have been trained by distributed processing thereof.

The processor 180 may collect history information including operation contents of the AI device 100 or user feedback on the operation, may store the history information in the memory 170 or the learning processor 130, or may transmit the history information to an external device such as the AI server 200. The collected historical information may be used to update the learning model.

The processor 18 may control at least some of the elements of the AI device 100 to execute applications stored in the memory 170. Further, the processor 180 may combine and drive two or more of the elements included in the AI device 100 in order to execute an application.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an AI server 200 to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Referring to fig. 2, the AI server 200 may mean a device trained by an artificial neural network using a machine learning algorithm or using a trained artificial neural network. In this case, the AI server 200 is configured with a plurality of servers and can perform distributed processing, and can be defined as a 5G network. In this case, the AI server 200 may be included as a partial configuration of the AI device 100, and may perform at least some of the AI processes.

The AI server 200 may include a communication unit 210, a memory 230, a learning processor 240, and a processor 260.

The communication unit 210 can transmit and receive data to and from an external device such as the AI device 100.

The memory 230 may include a model storage unit 231. The model storage unit 231 may store a model (or an artificial neural network 231a) being trained or having been trained by the learning processor 240.

The learning processor 240 may train the artificial neural network 231a using the learning data. The learning model may be used in a state where it has been installed on the AI server 200 of the artificial neural network, or may be installed and used on an external device such as the AI device 100.

The learning model may be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. If some or all of the learning models are implemented as software, one or more instructions to configure the learning models may be stored in memory 230.

Processor 260 may use the learning model to derive a result value for the new input data and may generate a response or control command based on the derived result value.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the AI system 1 to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Referring to fig. 3, the AI system 1 is connected to at least one of an AI server 200, a robot 100a, an autonomous vehicle 100b, an XR device 100c, a smart phone 100d, or a home appliance 100e through a cloud network 10. In this case, the robot 100a, the autonomous vehicle 100b, the XR device 100c, the smart phone 100d, or the home appliance 100e to which the AI technology has been applied may be referred to as AI devices 100a to 100 e.

The cloud network 10 may configure a part of the following cloud computing, or may mean a network existing within the following cloud computing. In this case, the cloud network 10 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G or Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, or a 5G network.

That is, the devices 100a to 100e (200) configuring the AI system 1 may be interconnected through the cloud network 10. In particular, the devices 100a to 100e and 200 may communicate with each other through the base station, but may directly communicate with each other without intervention of the base station.

The AI server 200 may include a server for performing AI processing and a server for performing calculations on big data.

The AI server 200 is connected to at least one of the robot 100a, the autonomous vehicle 100b, the XR device 100c, the smartphone 100d, or the home appliance 100e (i.e., the AI devices constituting the AI system 1) through the cloud network 10, and may assist at least some of the AI processes of the connected AI devices 100a to 100 e.

In this case, the AI server 200 may train the artificial neural network based on a machine learning algorithm instead of the machine devices 100a to 100e, may directly store the learning models, or may transmit the learning models to the AI devices 100a to 100 e.

In this case, the AI server 200 may receive input data from the AI devices 100a to 100e, may derive a result value of the received input data using a learning model, may generate a response or control command based on the derived result value, and may transmit the response or control command to the AI devices 100a to 100 e.

Alternatively, the AI devices 100a to 100e may directly derive a result value of the input data using a learning model, and may generate a response or a control command based on the derived result value.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the AI devices 100a to 100e to which the above-described technology is applied are described. In this case, the AI devices 100a to 100e shown in fig. 3 can be regarded as detailed embodiments of the AI device 100 shown in fig. 1.

AI + robot

AI technology is applied to the robot 100a, and the robot 100a may be implemented as a guide robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmanned flying robot, or the like.

The robot 100a may include a robot control module for controlling operations. The robot control module may mean a software module or a chip in which the software module has been implemented using hardware.

The robot 100a may obtain state information of the robot 100a, may detect (identify) surrounding environments and objects, may generate map data, may determine a movement path and a travel plan, may determine a response to user interaction, or may determine an operation using sensor information obtained from various types of sensors.

In this case, the robot 100a may use sensor information obtained by at least one sensor among a laser radar, a radar, and a camera in order to determine a moving path and a traveling plan.

The robot 100a may perform the above operations using a learning model configured with at least one artificial neural network. For example, the robot 100a may identify surroundings and objects using a learning model, and may determine an operation using the identified surrounding environment information or object information. In this case, the learning model may have been directly trained in the robot 100a, or may have been trained in an external device such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the robot 100a may directly generate a result using the learning model and perform an operation, but may perform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as the AI server 200 and receiving a result generated in response to the sensor information.

The robot 100a may determine a movement path and a travel plan using at least one of map data, object information detected from sensor information, or object information obtained from an external device. The robot 100a may travel along the determined movement path and travel plan by controlling the driving unit.

The map data may include object identification information for various objects provided in the space in which the robot 100a moves. For example, the map data may include data for fixed objects such as walls and doors and movable objects such as flow guide holes and tables. Further, the object identification information may include a name, a type, a distance, a location, and the like.

Further, the robot 100a may perform an operation or travel based on the control/interactive control of the driving unit by the user. In this case, the robot 100a may obtain intention information of the interaction according to the behavior of the user or the speech utterance, may determine a response based on the obtained intention information, and may perform an operation.

AI + autopilot

The AI technique is applied to the autonomous vehicle 100b, and the autonomous vehicle 100b may be implemented as a mobile robot, a vehicle, an unmanned flying subject, or the like.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may include an autonomous drive control module for controlling autonomous drive functions. The autopilot control module may mean a software module or a chip that has implemented the software module using hardware. The autonomous control module may be included in the autonomous vehicle 100b as an element of the autonomous vehicle 100b, but may be configured as separate hardware external to the autonomous vehicle 100b and connected to the autonomous vehicle 100 b.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may obtain state information of the autonomous vehicle 100b, may detect (identify) surroundings and objects, may generate map data, may determine a moving path and a traveling plan, or may determine an operation using sensor information obtained from various types of sensors.

In this case, in order to determine the moving path and the traveling plan, the autonomous vehicle 100b may use sensor information obtained from at least one sensor among a laser radar, a radar, and a camera, like the robot 100 a.

In particular, the autonomous vehicle 100b may identify the environment or the object by receiving sensor information for the environment or the object in an area whose field of view is blocked or an area at a given distance or more from an external device, or may receive identification information for the environment or the object directly from the external device.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may perform the above operations using a learning model configured with at least one artificial neural network. For example, the autonomous vehicle 100b may identify surroundings and objects using a learning model, and may determine a flow of travel using the identified surrounding environment information or object information. In this case, the learning model may have been directly trained in the autonomous vehicle 100b, or may have been trained in an external device such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the autonomous vehicle 100b may directly generate a result using the learning model and perform an operation, but may perform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as the AI server 200 and receiving a result generated in response to the sensor information.

The autonomous vehicle 100b may determine a movement path and a travel plan using at least one of map data, object information detected from sensor information, or object information obtained from an external device. The autonomous vehicle 100b may travel based on the determined movement path and the travel plan by controlling the driving unit.

The map data may include object identification information for various objects disposed in a space (e.g., a road) in which the autonomous vehicle 100b travels. For example, the map data may include object identification information for fixed objects such as street lamps, rocks, buildings, and the like, and movable objects such as vehicles and pedestrians. Further, the object identification information may include a name, a type, a distance, a location, and the like.

Further, the autonomous vehicle 100b may perform an operation or travel by controlling the driving unit based on the control/interaction of the user. In this case, the autonomous vehicle 100b may obtain interactive intention information according to the behavior or speech utterance of the user, may determine a response based on the obtained intention information, and may perform an operation.

AI+XR

AI technology is applied to the XR device 100c, and the XR device 100c may be implemented as a head-mounted display, a head-up display provided in a vehicle, a television, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a stationary robot, or a movable robot.

The XR device 100c may generate position data and attribute data of three-dimensional points by analyzing three-dimensional point cloud data or image data obtained through various sensors or from an external device, and may obtain information on a surrounding space or a real object based on the generated position data and attribute data, and may output an XR object by rendering the XR object. For example, the XR device 100c may output an XR object including additional information of the identified object by corresponding the XR object to the corresponding identified object.

XR device 100c may perform the above operations using a learning model configured with at least one artificial neural network. For example, the XR device 100c may use a learning model to identify real objects in the three-dimensional point cloud data or image data, and may provide information corresponding to the identified real objects. In this case, the learning model may have been trained directly in the XR device 100c, or may have been trained in an external device such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the XR device 100c may directly generate a result using the learning model and perform an operation, but may perform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as the AI server 200 and receiving a result generated in response to the sensor information.

AI + robot + autopilot

AI technology and autopilot technology are applied to the robot 100a, and the robot 100a may be implemented as a guide robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmanned flying robot, or the like.

The robot 100a to which the AI technology and the autopilot technology have been applied may mean a robot itself having an autopilot function, or may mean a robot 100a interacting with an autopilot vehicle 100 b.

The robot 100a having the automatic driving function may collectively refer to a device that autonomously moves along a given flow or autonomously determines a flow and moves without control of a user.

The robot with autonomous driving function 100a and the autonomous vehicle 100b may use a common sensing method in order to determine one or more of a movement path or a travel plan. For example, the robot 100a and the autonomous vehicle 100b having the autonomous driving function may determine one or more of a moving path or a traveling plan using information sensed by a laser radar, a camera, or the like.

The robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b exists separately from the autonomous vehicle 100b and may perform operations associated with autonomous driving functions inside or outside of the autonomous vehicle 100b or associated with a user entering the autonomous vehicle 100 b.

In this case, the robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b may control or assist the autonomous function of the autonomous vehicle 100b by obtaining sensor information and providing the sensor information to the autonomous vehicle 100b instead of the autonomous vehicle 100b, or by obtaining the sensor information, generating surrounding environment information or object information, and providing the surrounding environment information or object information to the autonomous vehicle 100 b.

Alternatively, the robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b may control the functions of the autonomous vehicle 100b by monitoring a user entering the autonomous vehicle 100b or by interaction with the user. For example, if it is determined that the driver is in a drowsy state, the robot 100a may activate an autonomous function of the autonomous vehicle 100b or assist in controlling a driving unit of the autonomous vehicle 100 b. In this case, the functions of the autonomous vehicle 100b controlled by the robot 100a may include functions provided by a navigation system or an audio system provided in the autonomous vehicle 100b, in addition to simple autonomous driving functions.

Alternatively, the robot 100a interacting with the autonomous vehicle 100b may provide information to the autonomous vehicle 100b or may assist in functions external to the autonomous vehicle 100 b. For example, the robot 100a may provide traffic information including signal information to the autonomous vehicle 100b, as in an intelligent traffic light, and may automatically connect a charger to a charging inlet through interaction with the autonomous vehicle 100b, as in an automatic charger of an electric vehicle.

AI + robot + XR

AI technology and XR technology are applied to the robot 100a, and the robot 100a may be implemented as a guide robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmanned flying robot, an aircraft, or the like.

The robot 100a to which the XR technique has been applied may mean a robot, i.e., a target of control/interaction within the XR image. In this case, the robot 100a is different from the XR device 100c, and they may operate in conjunction with each other.

When the robot 100a (i.e., a target of control/interaction within the XR image) obtains sensor information from a sensor including a camera, the robot 100a or the XR device 100c may generate an XR image based on the sensor information, and the XR device 100c may output the generated XR image. Further, the robot 100a may operate based on control signals received through the XR device 100c or user interaction.

For example, the user may identify the corresponding XR image at the timing of the robot 100a for remote operation by an external device such as the XR device 100c, may adjust the automated driving path of the robot 100a by interaction, may control the operation or driving, or may identify information of surrounding objects.

AI + autopilot + XR

AI technology and XR technology are applied to the autonomous vehicle 100b, and the autonomous vehicle 100b may be implemented as a mobile robot, a vehicle, an unmanned flying body, or the like.

The autonomous vehicle 100b to which the XR technology has been applied may mean an autonomous vehicle equipped with a device for providing XR images or an autonomous vehicle that is a target of control/interaction within XR images. In particular, autonomous vehicle 100b (i.e., the target of control/interaction within the XR image) is distinct from XR device 100c, and they may operate in conjunction with each other.

The autonomous vehicle 100b equipped with the device for providing an XR image may obtain sensor information from a sensor including a camera, and may output an XR image generated based on the obtained sensor information. For example, the autonomous vehicle 100b includes a HUD and may provide the passenger with an XR object corresponding to a real object or an object within a screen by outputting the XR image.

In this case, when outputting XR objects to the HUD, at least some of the XR objects may be output to overlap with the real object at which the passenger's gaze is directed. Conversely, when an XR object is displayed on a display included within autonomous vehicle 100b, at least some of the XR object may be output such that it overlaps with an object within the screen. For example, the autonomous vehicle 100b may output an XR object corresponding to an object such as a lane, another vehicle, a traffic light, a road sign, a two-wheel vehicle, a pedestrian, and a building.

When the autonomous vehicle 100b (i.e., the target of control/interaction within the XR image) obtains sensor information from sensors including cameras, the autonomous vehicle 100b or XR device 100c may generate an XR image based on the sensor information. The XR device 100c may output the generated XR image. Further, autonomous vehicle 100b may operate based on control signals received through an external device, such as XR device 100c, or user interaction.

Physical channel and general signal transmission

Fig. 4 illustrates physical channels and general signal transmission used in the 3GPP system. In a wireless communication system, a UE receives information from an eNB through a Downlink (DL), and the UE transmits information to the eNB through an Uplink (UL). Information transmitted and received by the eNB and the UE includes data and various control information, and there are various physical channels according to the type/use of the information transmitted and received by the eNB and the UE.

When the UE is powered on or newly enters a cell, the UE performs an initial cell search operation, such as synchronization with the eNB (S201). To this end, the UE may receive a primary synchronization channel (P-SCH) and a secondary synchronization channel (S-SCH) from the eNB, and synchronize with the eNB and acquire information such as a cell ID. Thereafter, the UE may receive a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) from the eNB and acquire intra-cell broadcast information. In addition, the UE receives a downlink reference signal (DLRS) to check a downlink channel status in the initial cell search step.

The UE that completes the initial cell search receives a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and receives a physical downlink control channel (PDSCH) according to information loaded on the PDCCH to acquire more specific system information (S202).

Further, when no radio resource first accesses the eNB or is used for signal transmission, the UE may perform a random access procedure (RACH) to the eNB (S203 to S206). For this, the UE may transmit a specific sequence to a preamble through a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) (S203 and S205), and receive a response message (random access response (RAR) message) for the preamble through the PDCCH and the corresponding PDSCH (S204 and S206). In case of the contention-based RACH, a contention resolution procedure may be additionally performed.

The UE performing the above-described procedure may then perform PDCCH/PDSCH reception (S207) and Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)/Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmission (S208) as a general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedure. Specifically, the UE may receive Downlink Control Information (DCI) through the PDCCH. Here, the DCI may include control information such as resource allocation information of the UE, and the format may be differently applied according to a use purpose.

Also, the control information transmitted by the UE to the eNB through the uplink or received by the UE from the eNB may include downlink/uplink ACK/NACK signals, Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs), Precoding Matrix Indexes (PMIs), Rank Indicators (RIs), and the like. For the 3GPP LTE system, the UE may transmit control information such as CQI/PMI/RI through PUSCH and/or PUCCH.

As smart phones and IoT (internet of things) terminals are rapidly spreading, the amount of information exchanged over communication networks is increasing. As a result, a next generation wireless access technology that can provide faster service for more users than a conventional communication system (or a conventional radio access technology), such as enhanced mobile broadband communication, needs to be considered.

For this purpose, the design of a communication system considering Machine Type Communication (MTC) that provides a service by connecting a large number of devices and objects is being discussed. Multi-users of communication systems (e.g., ultra-reliable and low-latency communication, URLLC) are also under discussion that consider reliability and/or latency sensitive multiple services (one service) and/or user equipment.

Hereinafter, in the present disclosure, for convenience of description, the next generation radio access technology is referred to as NR (new RAT), and a radio communication system to which NR is applied is referred to as an NR system.

Definition of terms

eLTE eNB: an eLTE eNB is an evolution of an eNB that supports connections with EPCs and NGCs.

And g NB: a node that supports NR in addition to connectivity to NGCs.

The new RAN: a radio access network supporting NR or E-UTRA or a connection with NGC over an interface.

Network slicing: a network slice is a network created by an operator, customized to provide an optimized solution for a specific market scenario requiring specific requirements along with an end-to-end scope.

Network function: a network function is a logical node within the network infrastructure with well-defined external interfaces and well-defined functional behavior.

NG-C: a control plane interface for the NG2 reference point between the new RAN and the NGC.

NG-U: a user plane interface for the NG3 reference point between the new RAN and the NGC.

Non-independent NR: the gNB needs the LTE eNB as an anchor point to perform control plane connection with the EPC or needs the eLTE eNB as an anchor point to perform deployment configuration of control plane connection with the NGC.

Non-independent E-UTRA: the eLTE eNB needs the gNB as an anchor point to perform deployment configuration of control plane connection with the NGC.

A user plane gateway: and the end point of the NG-U interface.

Overview of the System

Fig. 5 illustrates an example of the overall structure of an NR system to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Referring to fig. 5, the NG-RAN is configured with an NG-RA user plane (new AS sublayer/PDCP/RLC/MAC/PHY) and a gNB providing a control plane (RRC) protocol termination for a User Equipment (UE).

The gnbs are interconnected by an Xn interface.

The gNB is also connected to the NGC through the NG interface.

More specifically, the gNB is connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) through an N2 interface and to a User Plane Function (UPF) through an N3 interface.

NR supports multiple parameter sets (or subcarrier spacings (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, if the SCS is 15kHz, NR supports a wide range in typical cellular frequency bands. If the SCS is 30kHz/60kHz, NR supports dense urban areas, low delay and wider carrier bandwidth. If the SCS is 60kHz or higher, NR supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25GHz to overcome phase noise.

The NR frequency band is defined as a frequency range of two types FR1 and FR 2. FR1 and FR2 may be configured as shown in table 1 below. Further, FR2 may mean millimeter wave (mmW).

[ Table 1]

New Rat (NR) parameter set and frame structure

In NR systems, multiple parameter sets can be supported. The parameter set may be defined by subcarrier spacing and CP (cyclic prefix) overhead. The spacing between the multiple subcarriers may be derived by scaling the basic subcarrier spacing to an integer N (or μ). In addition, although it is assumed that a very small subcarrier spacing is not used for a very high subcarrier frequency, the parameter set to be used may be selected independently of the frequency band.

In addition, in the NR system, various frame structures according to a plurality of parameter sets can be supported.

Hereinafter, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) parameter set and a frame structure that can be considered in the NR system will be described.

A number of OFDM parameter sets supported in the NR system may be defined as in table 2.

[ Table 2]

μ	Δf＝2μ·15[kHz]	Cyclic prefix
			0	15	Is normal
1	30	Is normal
			2	60	Normal, extended
3	120	Is normal
			4	240	Is normal

Regarding the frame structure in the NR system, the size of each field in the time domain is represented as a time unit T_s＝1/(Δf_max·N_f) Multiples of (a). In this case,. DELTA.f_max＝480·10³And N is_f4096. DL and UL transmissions are configured with a section T_f＝(Δf_maxN_f/100)·T_sA radio frame of 10 ms. The radio frame is composed of ten subframes, each having an interval T_sf＝(Δf_maxN_f/1000)·T_s1 ms. In this case, there may be a set of UL frames and a set of DL frames.

Fig. 6 illustrates a relationship between an uplink frame and a downlink frame in a wireless communication system to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, the uplink frame number i transmitted from a User Equipment (UE) should be T before the start of the corresponding downlink frame at the corresponding UE_TA＝N_TAT_sAnd starting.

With respect to parameter set μ, in increments within a subframeSequence ofNumbering time slots and increasing order within a radio frameThe time slots are numbered. A time slot is formed byA number of consecutive OFDM symbols, andis determined according to the parameter set and slot configuration used. Time slots in subframesWith the start of an OFDM symbol in the same subframeIs aligned.

Not all UEs are able to transmit and receive simultaneously, and this means that not all OFDM symbols in a downlink slot or an uplink slot are available for use.

Table 3 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot in the normal CPNumber of time slots per radio frameAnd the number of slots per subframeTable 4 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per radio frame, and the number of slots per subframe in the extended CP.

[ Table 3]

[ Table 4]

Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a frame structure in the NR system. Fig. 7 is for convenience of illustration only and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

In table 4, in the case of μ ═ 2, that is, as an example in which the subcarrier spacing (SCS) is 60kHz, one subframe (or frame) may include four slots with reference to table 4 and, for example, one subframe ═ 1,2,4} slots shown in fig. 3, and the number of slots that may be included in one subframe may be defined as in table 4.

In addition, a small slot (mini-slot) may consist of 2,4, or 7 symbols, or may consist of more or less symbols.

Regarding physical resources in the NR system, antenna ports, resource grid, resource elements, resource blocks, carrier parts, etc. may be considered.

Hereinafter, the above physical resources that may be considered in the NR system are described in more detail.

First, with respect to an antenna port, an antenna port is defined such that a channel conveying a symbol on the antenna port can be derived from a channel conveying another symbol on the same antenna port. When the large-scale characteristics of a channel conveying symbols on one antenna port may be derived from a channel conveying symbols on another antenna port, the two antenna ports may be considered to be in a quasi-co-located or quasi-co-located (QC/QCL) relationship. In this case, the large scale characteristic may include at least one of delay spread, doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, and reception timing.

Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a resource grid supported in a wireless communication system to which the method proposed in the present disclosure can be applied.

Referring to FIG. 8, a resource netAt the frequency domainSub-carriers, each sub-frame consisting of 14 · 2 μ OFDM symbols, but the invention is not limited thereto.

In NR systems, usingSub-carriers andone or more resource grids composed of OFDM symbols describe a transmission signal, wherein, represents the maximum transmission bandwidth and varies not only between parameter sets but also between uplink and downlink.

In this case, as illustrated in fig. 9, one resource grid may be configured per parameter set μ and antenna port p.

Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a resource grid per antenna port and parameter set to which the methods presented in this disclosure may be applied.

Each element of the resource grid for parameter set μ and antenna port p is called a resource element and is paired with an indexUniquely identify the location of the location, wherein,is an index in the frequency domain, andrefers to the location of the symbols in the subframe. Index pairFor indicating resource elements in a slot, wherein,

resource elements for parameter set mu and antenna port pCorresponding to complex valuesWhen there is no risk of confusion or when no specific antenna port or parameter set is specified, the indices p and μmay be discarded, and as a result, the complex value may beOr

In addition, a physical resource block is defined as in the frequency domainA number of consecutive subcarriers.

Point a serves as a common reference point for the resource block grid and may be obtained as follows.

-offsetttopointa for PCell downlink represents the frequency offset between point a and the lowest subcarrier of the lowest resource block overlapping with the SS/PBCH block for the UE for initial cell selection and is expressed in units of resource blocks assuming 15kHz subcarrier spacing for FR1 and 60kHz subcarrier spacing for FR 2.

Absolute frequency pointana represents the frequency position of point a in Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN).

For the subcarrier spacing configuration μ, the common resource blocks are numbered from 0 up in the frequency domain.

Center of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 for subcarrier spacing configuration mu andthe "points A" coincide. The number of common resource blocks in the frequency domain can be given by the following equation 1And configuring resource elements (k, l) of μ for the subcarrier spacing.

[ formula 1]

In this case, k may be defined with respect to the point a such that k — 0 corresponds to a subcarrier centered on the point. Defining physical resource blocks within a bandwidth part (BWP) and from 0 toNumbering is performed, where i is the number of BWP. The physical resource block n in BWP i can be given by the following equation 2_PRBWith a common resource block n^CRBThe relationship between them.

[ formula 2]

In this case, it is preferable that the air conditioner,may be a common resource block where BWP starts with respect to common resource block 0.

Self-contained structure

A Time Division Duplex (TDD) structure considered in the NR system is a structure in which both Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL) are processed in one slot (or subframe). This structure is to minimize a delay of data transmission in the TDD system, and may be referred to as a self-contained structure or a self-contained slot.

Fig. 10 illustrates an example of a self-contained structure to which the methods presented in this disclosure may be applied. Fig. 10 is for convenience of illustration only and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 10, it is assumed that one transmission unit (e.g., slot, subframe) is composed of 14 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, as in the conventional LTE.

In fig. 10, a region 1002 means a downlink control region, and a region 1004 means an uplink control region. In addition, regions other than the region 1002 and the region 1004 (i.e., regions not separately indicated) may be used to transmit downlink data or uplink data.

That is, the uplink control information and the downlink control information may be transmitted in one self-contained slot. On the other hand, in the case of data, uplink data or downlink data is transmitted in one self-contained slot.

When the structure illustrated in fig. 10 is used, downlink transmission and uplink transmission may be sequentially performed in one self-contained slot, and downlink data transmission and uplink ACK/NACK reception may be performed.

As a result, if an error occurs in data transmission, the time required before retransmitting data can be reduced. Thus, the latency associated with data transfer can be minimized.

In the self-contained slot structure illustrated in fig. 10, a base station (e.g., eNodeB, eNB, gNB) and/or a User Equipment (UE) (e.g., terminal) require a time gap for a process of converting a transmission mode into a reception mode or a process of converting a reception mode into a transmission mode. Regarding the time gap, if uplink transmission is performed after downlink transmission in the self-contained slot, some OFDM symbols may be configured as a Guard Period (GP).

Bandwidth part (BWP)

NR systems can support up to 400MHz per Component Carrier (CC). UE battery consumption may increase if a UE operating in a wideband CC operates while continuously turning on RF for all CCs. Alternatively, when considering several usage scenarios (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, mtc, etc.) operating in one wideband CC, a different set of parameters (e.g., subcarrier spacing) may be supported for each frequency band in the respective CC. Alternatively, the maximum bandwidth capability may vary for each UE. By considering this, the BS may instruct the UE to operate only in a partial bandwidth instead of the entire bandwidth of the wideband CC, and it is intended to define the corresponding partial bandwidth as a bandwidth part (BWP) for convenience. BWP may consist of consecutive Resource Blocks (RBs) on the frequency axis and may correspond to one parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing, CP length, slot/mini-slot duration).

Furthermore, the eNB may configure a plurality of BWPs even in one CC configured to the UE. As one example, BWP occupying a relatively small frequency domain may be configured in a PDCCH monitoring slot, and a PDSCH indicated in the PDCCH may be scheduled on a larger BWP than it. Alternatively, when UEs are concentrated on a particular BWP, some UEs may be configured to other BWPs for load balancing. Alternatively, by considering frequency domain inter-cell interference cancellation between adjacent cells, a partial spectrum of the entire bandwidth may be excluded and even two BWPs may be configured in the same slot. In other words, the eNB may configure at least one DL/UL BWP to the UE associated with the broadband CC and activate at least one of the configured DL/UL BWPs at a specific time (through L1 signaling or MAC CE or RRC signaling), and may instruct handover to another configured DL/UL BWP (through L1 signaling or MAC CE or RRC signaling), or may switch to the DL/UL BWP when a timer value based on a timer expires.

In this case, the activated DL/UL BWP is defined as an active DL/UL BWP. However, in case the UE is in the initial access procedure or before establishing the RRC connection, the UE may not receive the configuration for DL/UL BWP, and in this case, the DL/UL BWP assumed by the UE is defined as the initial active DL/UL BWP.

Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) transmission and related operations

Fig. 11 illustrates an SSB structure. The UE may perform cell search, system information acquisition, beam alignment for initial access, DL measurement, etc. based on the SSB. SSB is used in combination with SS/synchronization signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) blocks.

Referring to fig. 11, the SSB is composed of PSS, SSS, and PBCH. The SSB consists of four consecutive OFDM symbols, and the PSS, PBCH, SSS/PBCH, and PBCH are transmitted for each OFDM symbol. Each of the PSS and SSS may consist of one OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers, and the PBCH consists of 3 OFDM symbols and 576 subcarriers. Polar coding and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) are applied to PBCH. The PBCH is composed of data REs and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) REs for each OFDM symbol. There are three DMRS REs for each RB, and three data REs between the DMRS REs.

Cell search

Cell search refers to a process of acquiring time/frequency synchronization of a cell and detecting a cell Identifier (ID) of the cell (e.g., physical layer cell ID (pcid)) by a UE. The PSS is used to detect cell IDs within a cell ID group and the SSS is used to detect the cell ID group. PBCH is used for SSB (time) index detection and field detection.

The cell search procedure of the UE may be organized as shown in table 5 below.

[ Table 5]

There are 336 cell ID groups in total, and there are three cell IDs per cell ID group. There may be 1008 cell IDs in total, and the cell IDs may be defined by equation 3.

[ formula 3]

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,and is

Here, NcellID denotes a cell ID (e.g., PCID). The N (1) ID represents a cell ID group and is provided/obtained through SSS. The N (2) ID represents a cell ID within a cell ID group and is provided/obtained through the PSS.

The PSS sequence, dpss (n), may be defined to satisfy formula 4.

[ formula 4]

d_PSS(n)＝1-2x(m)

0≤n＜127

Wherein x (i +7) ═ x (i +4) + x (i)) mod2, and

[x(6) x(5) x(4) x(3) x(2) x(1) x(0)]＝[1 1 1 0 1 1 0].

the SSS sequence dsss (n) may be defined to satisfy formula 5.

[ formula 5]

d_SSS(n)＝[1-2x₀((n+m₀)mod127)][1-2x₁((n+m₁)mod127)]

0≤n＜127

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,and is

[x₀(6) x₀(5) x₀(4) x₀(3) x₀(2) x₀(1) x₀(0)]＝[0 0 0 0 0 0 1]

[x₁(6) x₁(5) x₁(4) x₁(3) x₁(2) x₁(1) x₁(0)]＝[0 0 0 0 0 0 1].

Fig. 12 illustrates SSB transmission.

Referring to fig. 12, SSBs are periodically transmitted according to their periodicity. The SSB basic periodicity assumed by the UE in the initial cell search is defined as 20 ms. After cell access, the SSB periodicity may be configured by the network (e.g., eNB) by one of {5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms }. At the beginning of the SSB periodicity, a set of SSB bursts is configured. The set of SSB bursts may be configured with a time window of 5ms (i.e., a half frame), and the SSB may be sent up to L times within the set of SS bursts. L, which is the maximum number of transmissions of the SSB, may be given as follows according to the frequency band of the carrier. One slot includes a maximum of two SSBs.

-for a frequency range of up to 3GHz, L ═ 4

-for a frequency range of 3GHz to 6GHz, L ═ 8

-L-64 for the frequency range of 6GHz to 52.6GHz

The temporal location of the SSB candidates in the set of SS bursts may be defined according to SCS as follows. Within the set of SSB bursts (i.e., half-frames), the temporal positions of the SSB candidates are indexed from 0 to L-1 in chronological order.

Case A-15kHz SCS: the index of the starting symbol of the candidate SSB is given as 2, 8 +14 x n. If the carrier frequency is equal to or less than 3GHz, n is 0, 1. If the carrier frequency is 3GHz to 6GHz, n is 0, 1,2, 3.

Case B-30kHz SCS: the index of the starting symbol of the candidate SSB is given as 4, 8, 16, 16, 20, +28 xn. If the carrier frequency is 3GHz or less, n is 0. If the carrier frequency is 3GHz to 6GHz, n is 0, 1.

Case C-30kHz SCS: the starting symbol index of the candidate SSB is given as 2, 8 +14 × n. If the carrier frequency is 3GHz or less, n is 0, 1. If the carrier frequency is 3GHz to 6GHz, n is 0, 1,2, 3.

Case D-120kHz SCS: the starting symbol index of the candidate SSB is given as 4, 8, 16, 20 +28 xn. If the carrier frequency is greater than 6GHz, n is 0, 1,2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18.

Case E-240kHz SCS: the starting symbol index of the candidate SSB is given as 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 36, 40, 44 +56 x n. If the carrier frequency is greater than 6GHz, n is 0, 1,2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8.

Fig. 13 illustrates that the UE acquires information on DL time synchronization.

The UE may acquire DL synchronization by detecting the SSB. The UE may identify the structure of the set of SSB bursts based on the detected SSB index and thus detect the symbol/slot/field boundary. The SFN information and the field indication information may be used to identify the number of the frame/field to which the detected SSB belongs.

Specifically, the UE may acquire 10-bit System Frame Number (SFN) information from the PBCH (s0 through s 9). 6 bits of the 10-bit SFN information are obtained from the Master Information Block (MIB) and the remaining 4 bits are obtained from the PBCH Transport Block (TB).

Next, the UE may acquire 1-bit field indication information (c 0). When the carrier frequency is 3GHz or less, the field indication information may be implicitly transmitted using PBCH DMRS. The PBCH DMRS indicates 3-bit information by using one of eight PBCH DMRS sequences. Accordingly, in case of L ═ 4, the remaining 1 bit after indicating the SSB index among 3 bits that can be indicated by using the eight PBCH DRMS sequences can be used for the half frame indication.

Finally, the UE may obtain the SSB index based on the DMRS sequence and the PBCH payload. The SSB candidates are indexed from 0 to L-1 in chronological order within the set of SSB bursts (i.e., half-frames). In the case of L ═ 8 or 64, eight different PBCH DMRS sequences (b0 through b2) may be used to indicate the Least Significant Bit (LSB)3 bits of the SSB index. In the case of L-64, the Most Significant Bit (MSB) of the SSB index is indicated by PBCH (b3 through b5) of 3 bits. In case of L ═ 2, four different PBCH DMRS sequences (b0 and b1) may be used to indicate LSB 2 bits of the SSB index. In case of L ═ 4, the remaining 3 bits after indicating the SSB index among the 3 bits that can be indicated by using the eight PBCH DRMS sequences may be used for the half frame indication (b 2).

Beam Management (BM) procedure

A Beam Management (BM) procedure defined in the New Radio (NR) is described.

The BM procedure corresponds to a layer 1(L1)/L2 (layer 2) procedure for obtaining and maintaining a set of base station (e.g., gNB or TRP) and/or terminal (e.g., UE) beams that may be used for Downlink (DL) and Uplink (UL) transmission/reception, and may include the following procedures and terminology.

-beam measurement: an operation of measuring characteristics of a beamforming signal received by a base station or a UE.

-beam determination: an operation of selecting its own transmit (Tx) beam/receive (Rx) beam by a base station or a UE.

-beam scanning: an operation of covering a spatial area by using Tx and/or Rx beams for a given time interval in a predetermined manner.

-beam reporting: an operation of reporting information of the beamformed signals by the UE based on the beam measurements.

The BM procedure can be divided into: (1) a DL BM process using a Synchronization Signal (SS)/Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) block or CSI-RS; and (2) UL BM procedures using Sounding Reference Signals (SRS).

Further, each BM process may include Tx beam scanning for determining Tx beams and Rx beam scanning for determining Rx beams.

DL BM

The DL BM procedure may include: (1) transmission of beamformed DL Reference Signals (RSs) (e.g., CSI-RSs or SS blocks (SSBs)) of the base station; and (2) beam reporting of the UE.

In this case, the beam report may include a preferred DL RS Identifier (ID) and L1 Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) corresponding thereto.

The DL RS ID may be an SSB resource indicator (SSBRI) or a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI).

As shown in fig. 14, the SSB beam and the CSI-RS beam may be used for beam measurement. In this case, the measurement metric is L1-RSRP per resource/block. The SSB may be used for coarse beam measurements and the CSI-RS may be used for fine beam measurements. SSB may be used for both Tx beam scanning and Rx beam scanning.

The UE may perform Rx beam scanning using SSBs while changing the Rx beam relative to the same SSBRI across multiple SSB bursts. In this case, one SS burst contains one or more SSBs, and one set of SS bursts contains one or more SSB bursts.

DL Using SSB BM

Fig. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a DL BM process using SSB.

At the CSI/beam configuration in the RRC connected state (or RRC connected mode), a configuration for beam reporting using the SSB is performed.

A User Equipment (UE) receives a CSI-ResourceConfigIE including a CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList containing SSB resources for a BM from a base station (S1510).

Table 6 shows an example of CSI-ResourceConfigIE, and as shown in table 6, BM configuration using SSB is not separately defined, but SSB is configured like CSI-RS resource.

[ Table 6]

In table 6, the csi-SSB-ResourceSetList parameter indicates a list of SSB resources used for beam management and reporting in one resource set. Here, the set of SSB resources may be configured as { SSBx1, SSBx2, SSBx3, SSBx4, … }. The SSB index may be defined from 0 to 63. The UE receives SSB resources from the base station based on the CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList (S1520).

Further, if CSI-RS reportConfig related to reporting on SSBRI and L1-RSRP has been configured, the UE (beam) reports the best SSBRI and L1-RSRP corresponding thereto to the base station (S1530).

That is, if the reportQuantity of the CSI-RS reportConfig IE is configured as "ssb-Index-RSRP", the UE reports the best SSBRI and L1-RSRP corresponding thereto to the base station.

Further, if CSI-RS resources are configured in the same OFDM symbol as an SS/PBCH block (SSB) and "QCL-type" applies, the UE may assume that the CSI-RS is quasi co-located with the SSB from the perspective of "QCL-type".

In this case, QCL type may mean that the antenna ports have been QCL from the perspective of the spatial Rx parameters. When the UE receives a plurality of DL antenna ports having a QCL Type D relationship, the same Rx beam may be applied. Furthermore, the UE does not expect to configure CSI-RS in REs overlapping with REs of the SSB.

DL BM using CSI-RS

Regarding the usage of the CSI-RS, i) when the repetition parameter is configured in a specific CSI-RS resource set and the TRS _ info is not configured, the CSI-RS is used for beam management. ii) when the TRS _ info is configured without configuring the repetition parameter, the CSI-RS is used to track a reference signal (TRS). iii) when no repetition parameter is configured and no TRS _ info is configured, the CSI-RS is used for CSI acquisition.

The repetition parameter may be configured only for the CSI-RS resource set associated with the CSI-ReportConfig with a report or "no report (or no)" of L1 RSRP.

When the UE is configured with CSI-ReportConfig (where reportQuantity is configured as "cri-RSRP" or "none") and CSI-ResourceConfig (higher layer parameter resource for channel measurement) for channel measurement does not include the higher layer parameter "trs-Info" but includes the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet in which the higher layer parameter "repetition" is configured, the UE may only be configured with the same number of ports (1 port or 2 ports) having the higher layer parameter 'nrofPorts' for all CSI-RS resources in the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet.

When (high-level parameter) repetition is configured to be "ON," the (high-level parameter) repetition is associated with an Rx beam scanning procedure of the UE. In this case, when the UE is configured with NZP-CSI-RS-resources set, the UE may assume that at least one CSI-RS resource of the NZP-CSI-RS-resources set is sent to the same downlink spatial domain transmission filter. In other words, at least one CSI-RS resource in the NZP-CSI-RS-resources set is transmitted through the same TX beam. Here, at least one CSI-RS resource in the NZP-CSI-RS-resource set may be transmitted to a different OFDM symbol. Furthermore, the UE does not expect to receive different periodicity at periodicityAndOffset in all CSI-RS resources in the NZP-CSI-RS-resources set.

In contrast, when the repetition is configured to be "OFF", the repetition is associated with the Tx beam scanning procedure of the eNB. In this case, when the repetition is configured to be "OFF", the UE does not assume that at least one CSI-RS resource in the NZP-CSI-RS-resources set is transmitted to the same downlink spatial domain transmission filter. In other words, at least one CSI-RS resource in the NZP-CSI-RS-resources set is transmitted over a different TX beam.

Fig. 16 illustrates an example of a downlink beam management procedure using a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS). Fig. 16 (a) illustrates an Rx beam determination (or refinement) procedure of the UE, and fig. 16 (b) illustrates a Tx beam scanning procedure of the eNB. Further, (a) of fig. 16 illustrates a case in which the repetition parameter is configured to be "ON", and (b) of fig. 16 illustrates a case in which the repetition parameter is configured to be "OFF".

Referring to (a) of fig. 16 and 17, an Rx beam determination process of the UE will be described.

Fig. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a reception beam determination process of the UE.

-the UE receiving from the eNB through RRC signaling an NZP CSI-RS resource set IE including a higher layer parameter repetition (S1710). Here, the repetition parameter is configured to be "ON".

-the UE repeatedly receives resources in the CSI-RS resource set configured to be repeatedly "ON" in different OFDM symbols through the same Tx beam (or DL spatial domain transmission filter) of the eNB (S1720).

-the UE determines its Rx beam (S1730).

-the UE skipping CSI reporting (S1740). In this case, the reportQuantity of the CSI report configuration may be configured as "no report (or no)".

In other words, the UE may skip CSI reporting when repetition "ON" is configured.

Referring to (b) of fig. 16 and fig. 18, a Tx beam determination procedure of the eNB will be described.

Fig. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a transmission beam determination procedure of an eNB.

-the UE receiving from the eNB through RRC signaling an NZP CSI-RS resource set IE including higher layer parameter repetition (S1810). Here, the repetition parameter is configured to be "OFF" and is associated with a Tx beam scanning procedure of the eNB.

-the UE receiving resources in the CSI-RS resource set configured to repeat "OFF" through different Tx beams (DL spatial domain transmission filters) of the eNB (S1820).

-the UE selecting (or determining) the best beam (S1830).

The UE reports the ID of the selected beam and related quality information (e.g., L1-RSRP) to the eNB (S1840). In this case, the reportQuantity of the CSI report configuration may be configured as "CRI + L1-RSRP".

In other words, when sending CSI-RS for BM, the UE reports its CRI and L1-RSRP to the eNB.

Fig. 19 illustrates an example of resource allocation in the time and frequency domains associated with the operations of fig. 16.

In other words, it can be seen that a plurality of CSI-RS resources are repeatedly used by applying the same Tx beam when repetition "ON" is configured in the CSI-RS resource set, and different CSI-RS resources are transmitted by different Tx beams when repetition "OFF" is configured in the CSI-RS resource set.

DL BM related beam indication

For the object of at least quasi-co-location (QCL) indication, the UE may be RRC configured with a list of maximum M candidate Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states. In this case, M may be 64.

Each TCI state may be configured as a set of RSs. Each ID of DL RS within an RS set at least for spatial QCL purposes (QCL Type D) may refer to one of DL RS types such as SSB, P-CSI RS, SP-CSI RS, and a-CSI RS.

The initialization/update of the IDs of the DL RSs within the RS set for at least spatial QCL purposes may be performed by at least explicit signaling.

Table 7 illustrates an example of a TCI-State IE.

The TCI-State IE associates one or two DL Reference Signals (RSs) with a corresponding quasi-co-location (QCL) type.

[ Table 7]

In Table 7, the BWP-Id parameter indicates the DL BWP in which the RS is located. The cell parameter indicates the carrier on which the RS is located. The reference signal parameter indicates a reference antenna port or a reference signal including a reference antenna port that becomes a quasi-co-located source of the corresponding target antenna port. The target antenna port may be CSI-RS, PDCCH DMRS, or PDSCH DMRS. For example, to indicate QCL reference RS information for NZP CSI-RS, a corresponding TCI state ID may be indicated in the NZP CSI-RS resource configuration information. Also, for example, to indicate QCL reference information for the PDCCH DMRS antenna port, a TCI status ID may be indicated in the CORESET configuration. Also, for example, to indicate QCL reference information for PDSCH DMRS antenna ports, a TCI status ID may be indicated through DCI.

Quasi-co-location (QCL)

An antenna port is defined such that a channel carrying a symbol on the antenna port is inferred from a channel carrying another symbol on the same antenna port. Two antenna ports can be said to have a quasi-co-location or quasi-co-location (QC/QCL) relationship if the properties of the channel carrying symbols on one antenna port can be derived from the channel carrying symbols on the other antenna port.

In this case, the properties of the channel include one or more of delay spread, doppler spread, frequency shift/doppler shift, average received power, reception timing/average delay, and spatial RX parameters. In this case, the spatial Rx parameter means a spatial (reception) channel property parameter such as an angle of arrival.

To decode PDSCH from detected PDCCH with expected DCI with respect to the corresponding UE and a given serving cell, the UE may be configured with a list of up to M TCI-State configurations within the higher layer parameter PDSCH-Config. M depends on the UE capabilities.

Each TCI-State (TCI State) includes parameters for configuring a quasi-co-location relationship between a DM-RS port of a PDSCH and one or two DL reference signals.

The quasi-co-location relationship is configured as high-layer parameters qcl-Type1 for the first DL RS and qcl-Type2 (if configured) for the second DL RS. In case of two DL RSs, the QCL types are not the same whether the reference is the same DL RS or different DL RSs.

The quasi-co-located Type corresponding to each DL RS is given by the QCL-Info's high layer parameter QCL-Type and may take one of the following values:

- "QCL-TypeA": { Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread }

- "QCL-TypeB": { Doppler shift, Doppler spread }

- "QCL-TypeC": { Doppler shift, average delay }

- "QCL-type": { space Rx parameter }

For example, if the target antenna port is a particular NZP CSI-RS, it may indicate/configure that the particular TRS has performed QCL with the corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna port from the perspective of QCL-Type a, and the particular SSB has performed QCL with the corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna port from the perspective of QCL-Type D. A UE configured with such an indication/configuration may receive a corresponding NZP CSI-RS by using a delay value, doppler, measured in a QCL-TypeA TRS, and may apply an Rx beam for receiving the QCL-TypeD SSB to receive the corresponding NZP CSI-RS.

The UE receives the activation command through MAC CE signaling for mapping a maximum of eight TCI states to a code point of a DCI field "Transmission Configuration Indication".

Channel state information correlation procedure

In a New Radio (NR) system, channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) is used for time/frequency tracking, CSI calculation, layer 1(L1) -Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) calculation, and mobility. Here, CSI computation is related to CSI acquisition, and L1-RSRP computation is related to Beam Management (BM).

Channel State Information (CSI) refers collectively to information that may indicate the quality of a radio channel (or referred to as a link) formed between a UE and an antenna port.

Fig. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a CSI-related process.

To perform one of the purposes of the CSI-RS, a terminal (e.g., a User Equipment (UE)) receives configuration information related to CSI from a base station (e.g., a general node B or a gNB) through Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling (S2010).

The CSI-related configuration information may include at least one of CSI Interference Management (IM) resource-related information, CSI measurement configuration-related information, CSI resource configuration-related information, CSI-RS resource-related information, or CSI report configuration-related information.

i) The CSI-IM resource-related information may include CSI-IM resource information, CSI-IM resource set information, and the like. The CSI-IM resource sets are identified by CSI-IM resource set IDs, and one resource set includes at least one CSI-IM resource. Each CSI-IM resource is identified by a CSI-IM resource ID.

ii) the CSI resource configuration-related information may be represented as a CSI-ResourceConfig IE. The CSI resource configuration related information defines a group including at least one of a non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resource set, a CSI-IM resource set, or a CSI-SSB resource set. That is, the CSI resource configuration-related information includes a CSI-RS resource set list. And the CSI-RS resource set list may include at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource set list, a CSI-IM resource set list, or a CSI-SSB resource set list. The CSI-RS resource sets are identified by CSI-RS resource set IDs, and one resource set includes at least one CSI-RS resource. Each CSI-RS resource is identified by a CSI-RS resource ID.

As shown in table 8, parameters (e.g., BM-related "repetition" parameter and tracking-related "trs-Info" parameter) indicating usage of CSI-RS may be configured for each NZP CSI-RS resource set.

Table 8 shows an example of an NZP CSI-RS resource set IE.

[ Table 8]

In addition, the repetition parameter corresponding to the higher layer parameter corresponds to 'CSI-RS-ResourceRep' of the L1 parameter. iii) the CSI report configuration-related information includes a reportConfigType parameter representing a time-domain behavior and a reportQuantity parameter representing a CSI-related quantity for reporting. The time domain behavior may be periodic, aperiodic, or semi-persistent.

The CSI report configuration-related information may be represented as CSI-ReportConfigIE, and table 9 below shows an example of the CSI-ReportConfigIE.

[ Table 9]

-the UE measuring the CSI based on the configuration information related to the CSI (S2020). The CSI measurement may include (1) a CSI-RS reception process (S2022) of the UE and (2) a process of calculating CSI through the received CSI-RS (S2024), and a detailed description thereof will be given later.

For CSI-RS, Resource Element (RE) mapping of CSI-RS resources is configured in time domain and frequency domain through high-layer parameter CSI-RS-ResourceMaping.

Table 10 shows an example of CSI-RS-resourcemaping IE.

[ Table 10]

In table 10, density (D) represents the density of CSI-RS resources measured in RE/port/Physical Resource Block (PRB), and nrofPorts represents the number of antenna ports. -the UE reporting the measured CSI to the base station (S2030).

Here, when the amount of CSI-ReportConfig in table E is configured as "none (or no report)", the UE may skip reporting.

However, the UE may report to the base station even when the equivalent is configured as 'none (or no report)'.

A case where the quantity is configured to 'none' is a case where an aperiodic TRS is triggered or a case where repetition is configured.

Here, the UE may skip reporting only in case the repetition is configured to be "ON".

CSI measurement

NR systems support more flexible and dynamic CSI measurement and reporting. Here, the CSI measurement may include a process of acquiring CSI by receiving CSI-RS and calculating the received CSI-RS.

Aperiodic/semi-persistent/periodic Channel Measurements (CM) and Interference Measurements (IM) are supported as time-domain behaviors for CSI measurement and reporting. The CSI-IM is configured using a 4-port NZP CSI-RS RE pattern.

The CSI-IM based IMR of NR has a similar design to that of LTE and is configured to be independent of ZP CSI-RS resources for PDSCH rate matching. Furthermore, in ZP CSI-RS based IMR, each port emulates an interference layer with (preferred channel and) precoded NZP CSI-RS. This is used for intra-cell interference measurements for multi-user scenarios and the main goal is MU interference.

The eNB sends the precoded NZP CSI-RS to the UE on each port of the IMR based on the configured NZP CSI-RS.

The UE assumes a channel/interference layer for each port and measures interference.

Regarding channels, when there is no PMI and RI feedback, a plurality of resources are configured in a set, and a base station or a network indicates a subset of NZP CSI-RS resources regarding channel/interference measurement through DCI.

The resource setting and the resource setting configuration will be described in more detail.

Resource setting

Each CSI resource setting "CSI-ResourceConfig" includes a configuration for S ≧ 1 CSI resource set (given by the higher-layer parameter CSI-RS-ResourceSetList). The CSI resource setting corresponds to CSI-RS-resourcesetlist. Here, S denotes the number of configured CSI-RS resource sets. Here, the configuration of S ≧ 1 CSI resource sets includes each CSI resource set including a CSI-RS resource (consisting of NZP CSI-RS or CSI IM) and an SS/PBCH block (SSB) resource for L1-RSRP calculation.

Each CSI resource setting is located in the DL BWP (bandwidth part) identified by the higher layer parameter BWP-id. Furthermore, all CSI resource settings linked to a CSI report setting have the same DL BWP.

The time domain behavior of the CSI-RS resources within the CSI resource setting included in the CSI-ResourceConfigIE is indicated by a higher layer parameter resourceType and may be configured to be aperiodic, periodic or semi-persistent. The number of configured CSI-RS resource sets S is limited to "1" with respect to the periodic and semi-persistent CSI resource settings. The configured period and slot offset, relative to the periodic and semi-persistent CSI resource settings, are given in the parameter set of the associated DL BWP, which is given by BWP-id.

When the UE is configured as multiple CSI-ResourceConfigs comprising the same NZP CSI-RS resource ID, the same time domain behavior is configured for CSI-ResourceConfigs.

When the UE is configured with multiple CSI-ResourceConfigs comprising the same CSI-IM resource ID, the same time domain behavior is configured with respect to the CSI-ResourceConfigs.

Next, one or more CSI resource settings for Channel Measurement (CM) and Interference Measurement (IM) are configured by higher layer signaling.

-CSI-IM resources for interference measurements.

-NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurements.

-NZP CSI-RS resources for channel measurements.

That is, the measurement resource for Channel (CMR) may be NZP CSI-RS, and the Interference Measurement Resource (IMR) may be NZP CSI-RS for CSI-IM and IM.

Here, CSI-IM (or ZP CSI-RS for IM) is mainly used for inter-cell interference measurement.

In addition, the NZP CSI-RS for IM is mainly used for intra-cell interference measurements from multiple users.

The UE may assume that the CSI-RS resource for channel measurement and the CSI-IM/NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement configured for one CSI report is 'QCL-type' for each resource.

Resource setting configuration

As described, a resource setting may mean a list of resource sets.

In each trigger state configured by using a higher layer parameter CSI-AperiodicTriggerState relative to aperiodic CSI, each CSI-ReportConfig is associated with one or more CSI-ReportConfigs linked to a periodic, semi-persistent or aperiodic resource setting.

One report setting may be connected with a maximum of three resource settings.

When configuring a resource setting, the resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter resource for channel measurement) is used for channel measurement for L1-RSRP calculation.

When two resource settings are configured, a first resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter, resource for channel measurement) is used for channel measurement and a second resource setting (given by CSI-IM-resource for interference or NZP-CSI-RS-resource for interference) is used for interference measurement performed on CSI-IM or NZP CSI-RS.

When three resource settings are configured, a first resource setting (given by resources for channel measurement), a second resource setting (given by CSI-IM-resources for interference measurement) for CSI-IM based interference measurement, and a third resource setting (given by NZP-CSI-RS-resources for interference measurement) for NZP CSI-RS based interference measurement.

Each CSI-ReportConfig is linked to a periodic or semi-persistent resource setting for semi-persistent or periodic CSI.

When configuring one resource setting (given by resourcesForChannelMeasurement), the resource setting is used for channel measurement for L1-RSRP calculation.

When two resource settings are configured, a first resource setting (given by the resources for channel measurement) is used for channel measurements and a second resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter CSI-IM-resources for interference measurements) is used for interference measurements performed on CSI-IM.

CSI calculation

When performing interference measurements on the CSI-IM, each CSI-RS resource for channel measurements is associated with a CSI-RS resource for each resource in the order of the CSI-RS resource and the CSI-IM resource in the respective resource set. The number of CSI-RS resources used for channel measurement is equal to the number of CSI-IM resources.

In addition, when performing interference measurements in the NZP CSI-RS, the UE does not expect one or more NZP CSI-RS resources in the associated set of resources within the resource setting configured for channel measurements.

A UE in which the higher layer parameters NZP-CSI-RS-resources for interference are configured does not expect that 18 or more NZP CSI-RS ports will be configured in the NZP CSI-RS resource set.

For CSI measurement, the UE assumes the following.

-each NZP CSI-RS port configured for interference measurement corresponds to an interfering transmission layer.

-considering an Energy Per Resource Element (EPRE) ratio in all interference transmission layers of the NZP CSI-RS ports used for interference measurement.

-different interfering signals on REs of NZP CSI-RS resources for channel measurements, NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurements or CSI-IM resources for interference measurements.

CSI reporting

For CSI reporting, the time and frequency resources that the UE may use are controlled by the eNB.

The Channel State Information (CSI) may include at least one of: channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), SS/PBCH block resource indicator (SSBRI), Layer Indicator (LI), Rank Indicator (RI), and L1-RSRP.

For CQI, PMI, CRI, SSBRI, LI, RI, and L1-RSRP, the UE is configured by higher layers as a list of N ≧ 1 CSI-ReportConfig report setting, M ≧ 1 CSI-ResourceConfig resource setting, and one or two trigger states (provided by aperiodtriggerStateList and semiPersitentionPUSCH-TriggerStateList). In the aperiodicTriggerStateList, each trigger state includes an associated CSI-reportconfigurations list and channel, optionally indicating a resource set ID for interference. In semipersistent onpusch-triggerstattilist, each trigger state comprises an associated CSI-ReportConfig.

In addition, the time-domain behavior of CSI reporting supports periodicity, semi-persistence, and aperiodicity.

i) Periodic CSI reporting is performed on the short PUCCH and the long PUCCH. The periodicity of the periodic CSI report and the slot offset may be configured as RRC and refer to the CSI-ReportConfig IE.

ii) performing SP (semi-periodic) CSI reporting on short PUCCH, long PUCCH or PUSCH.

In case of SP CSI on long/short PUCCH, periodicity and slot offset are configured by RRC, and CSI reporting is activated/deactivated by separate MAC CE/DCI.

In case of SP CSI on PUSCH, the periodicity of SP CSI reporting is configured as RRC, but the slot offset is not configured as RRC, and the SP CSI reporting is activated/deactivated through DCI (format 0_ 1). For SPCSI reporting on PUSCH, a separate RNTI (SP-CSI C-RNTI) is used.

The initial CSI reporting timing follows the PUSCH time domain allocation value indicated in the DCI, and the subsequent CSI reporting timing follows a periodicity configured as RRC.

DCI format 0_1 may include a CSI request field and may activate/deactivate a specific configured SP-CSI trigger state. SP CSI reporting has the same or similar activation/deactivation as the mechanism for data transmission on SPs PUSCH.

iii) aperiodic CSI reporting is performed on PUSCH and triggered by DCI. In this case, information related to the triggering of aperiodic CSI reporting may be transmitted/indicated/configured through the MAC-CE.

In the case of AP CSI with AP CSI-RS, the timing of the AP CSI-RS is configured by RRC, and the timing of AP CSI reporting is dynamically controlled by DCI.

In NR, a scheme of dividing and reporting CSI (e.g., sequentially transmitting RI, WB PMI/CQI, and SB PMI/CQI) in multiple reporting instances applied to PUCCH-based CSI reporting in LTE is not applied. Instead, NR restricts that no specific CSI report is configured in the short/long PUCCH and defines CSI omission rules. In addition, regarding AP CSI reporting timing, the PUSCH symbol/slot position is dynamically indicated by DCI. In addition, the candidate slot offset is configured by RRC. For CSI reporting, a slot offset (Y) is configured for each report setting. For the UL-SCH, the slot offset K2 is configured separately.

In terms of CSI computation complexity, two CSI latency classes (low latency class and high latency class) are defined. In the case of low-latency CSI, it is WB CSI containing maximum 4-port Type-I codebook or maximum 4-port non-PMI feedback CSI. The high-latency CSI refers to CSI other than the low-latency CSI. For a normal UE, (Z, Z') is defined in units of OFDM symbols. Z denotes a minimum CSI processing time from the reception of the aperiodic CSI trigger DCI to the performance of CSI reporting. Also, Z' represents a minimum CSI process time from the reception of the CSI-RS for channel/interference to the performance of CSI reporting.

Regarding CSI calculation and/or reporting, the operation related to Z value and Z may be defined as a minimum time gap correlation that guarantees (or transmits) enough time for the UE to perform channel measurement and reporting when reporting aperiodic CSI and/or beams.

UE CSI calculation time

In case the CSI request field on DCI triggers a CSI report on PUSCH, the UE needs to provide a valid CSI report for the nth triggered report when the first uplink symbol for carrying the corresponding CSI report including the effect of timing advance starts later than the symbol Zref and when the first uplink symbol for carrying the nth CSI report including the effect of timing advance starts later than the symbol Z' ref (n).

Here Zref is defined as having an end T at the last symbol of the PDCCH that triggered the CSI report_pro，_CSI＝(Z)(2048+144)·κ2^-μ·T_CThe next uplink symbol of the CP to begin later, and Z' ref (n) is defined as having a value when aperiodic CSI-RS is used for the UET 'of last symbol of earliest one among an aperiodic CSI-RS resource for channel measurement, an aperiodic CSI-IM for interference measurement, and an aperiodic NZP CSI-RS for interference measurement at the time of channel measurement of nth triggered CSI report'_pro，CSI＝(Z′)(2048+144)·κ2^-μ·T_CFollowed by the next uplink symbol of the CP to start.

When the PUSCH indicated by the DCI overlaps with another PUCCH or PUSCH, when CSI reporting is supported, it is multiplexed according to a procedure described in a predefined standard (e.g., 3GPP 38.213). Otherwise, the CSI report is transmitted on the PUSCH indicated by the DCI.

When the CSI request field on the DCI triggers a CSI report on PUSCH, the UE may ignore the scheduling DCI if the first uplink symbol carrying the corresponding CSI report including the effect of the timing advance starts earlier than symbol Zref if no HARQ-ACK or transport block is multiplexed on PUSCH.

When the CSI request field on the DCI triggers a CSI report on the PUSCH, the number of triggered reports is 1 if the first uplink symbol for carrying the nth CSI report including the effect of timing advance starts earlier than the symbol Z' ref (n), and the UE may ignore the corresponding DCI if there is no HARQ-ACK or transport block multiplexed on the PUSCH. Otherwise, the UE does not need to update the CSI of the nth triggered CSI report.

Z, Z' and μ are defined as follows:

and isWhere M is the number of updated CSI reports according to a predefined criterion, and (Z (M), Z' (M)) corresponds to the mth updated CSI report and is defined as follows.

When L-0 CPUs are occupied and the CSI to be transmitted is a single CSI and corresponds to the wideband frequency granularity in table 11, the CSI is triggered without PUSCH with transport blocks, HARQ-ACK, or both.

Here, the CSI corresponds to a maximum of 4 CSI-RS ports in a single resource without CSI report. Further, here, the CodebookType is configured as 'type I-SinglePanel' or the reportQuantity is configured as 'cri-RI-CQI'. Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

when the CSI to be transmitted corresponds to the wideband frequency granularity in table 12,

here, the CSI corresponds to a maximum of 4 CSI-RS ports in a single resource without CRI reporting. Further, here, the CodebookType is configured as 'type I-SinglePanel' or the reportQuantity is configured as 'cri-RI-CQI'. Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

(Z) in Table 12 when reportQuantity is configured as "cri-RSRP" or "ssb-Index-RSRP₃，Z₃) Wherein X is as defined in a predefined standard (e.g., 3GPP TS 38.306)_μCapability beamReportTiming compliant with UE reports, and KB_lFollow the capability beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

otherwise, (Z) of Table 12₂，Z′₂)。

μ of tables 11 and 12 corresponds to min (μ)_PDCCH，μ_CSI-RS，μ_UL). Here, μ PDCCH corresponds to a subcarrier spacing, μ, of PDCCH transmitting DCI_ULSubcarrier spacing, μ, corresponding to PUSCH over which CSI report can be sent_CSI-RSA minimum subcarrier spacing corresponding to an aperiodic CSI-RS triggered by the DCI.

Table 11 shows CSI computation delay requirement 1.

[ Table 11]

Table 12 shows CSI computation delay requirement 2.

[ Table 12]

As described above, in phase with beam reportingThe minimum time gap required by the UE in case of the corresponding L1-SINR report is defined as (Z3, Z3') in table 12 above, X_μAnd KB_lThe values may be defined as shown in table 13 below (e.g., see 3GPP TS 38.306/TS 38.331). Here, X_μMay correspond to beamReportTiming, and KB_lMay correspond to beamSwitchTiming.

Table 13 shows IE MIMO-parametersband. IE MIMO-parametersband may be used to deliver the miro related parameters specified for a certain frequency band.

[ Table 13]

Here, the beamReportTiming indicates the number of OFDM symbols between the last symbol of the SSB/CSI-RS and the first symbol of the transmission channel including the beam report. The UE includes corresponding information for each supported subcarrier spacing. beamSwitchTiming indicates the minimum number of OFDM symbols between DCI triggering of aperiodic CSI-RS and transmission of aperiodic CSI-RS. In addition, the UE reports the number of CSIs that can be calculated simultaneously.

Hereinafter, the CSI reporting configuration will be described.

Report configuration

The UE should calculate (or operate) the CSI parameters (if reported) under the assumption of the following dependencies between the CSI parameters (if reported).

LI should be calculated from reported CQI, PMI, RI and CRI.

CQI shall be calculated from reported PMI, RI and CRI.

PMI should be calculated from the reported RI and CRI.

The RI should be calculated from the reported CRI.

The reporting configuration of CSI may be aperiodic (using PUSCH), periodic (using PUCCH), or semi-persistent (using PUCCH and activating PUSCH using DCI). The CSI-RS resources may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic. Table 14 shows how supported CSI reporting configurations and combinations of supported CSI-RS resource configurations and CSI reports are triggered for each CSI-RS resource configuration. The periodic CSI-RS is configured by higher layers. The semi-persistent CSI-RS is activated and deactivated as described in the predefined standard. The aperiodic CSI-RS is configured and triggered/activated as described in the predefined standard.

Table 14 shows the triggering/activation of CSI reporting for possible CSI-RS configurations.

[ Table 14]

Hereinafter, information on activation/deactivation/triggering of a MAC-CE related to semi-persistent/aperiodic CSI reporting will be described.

Activation/deactivation of semi-persistent CSI-RS/CSI-IM resource sets

A base station (or network) may activate and deactivate a configured semi-persistent CSI-RS/CSI-IM resource set of a serving cell by sending a set of SP CSI-RS/CSI-IM resources defined in a predefined standard (e.g., 3GPP TS 38.321) to activate/deactivate MAC CEs. After configuration and handover, the configured set of semi-persistent CSI-RS/CSI-IM resources is initially deactivated.

When the MAC entity receives the SP CSI-RS/CSI-IM resource set activation/deactivation MAC CE in the serving cell, the MAC entity indicates (or transmits) information on the SP CSI-RS/CSI-IM resource set activation/deactivation MAC CE to the lower layer.

Aperiodic CSI trigger state sub-selection

The base station (or network) may select some of the aperiodic CSI-triggered states configured in the serving cell by transmitting an aperiodic CSI-triggered state sub-selection MAC CE defined in a predefined standard (e.g., 3GPP TS 38.321).

When the MAC entity receives the aperiodic CSI trigger state sub-selection MAC CE in the serving cell, the MAC entity indicates (or transmits) information on the aperiodic CSI trigger state sub-selection MAC CE to a lower layer.

Downlink transmit/receive operation

Fig. 21 shows an example of a downlink transmission/reception operation.

The eNB schedules downlink transmission such as frequency/time resources, a transmission layer, a downlink precoder, an MCS, and the like (S2101). Specifically, the eNB may determine a beam of PDSCH transmission to the UE through the above-described operations.

The UE receives Downlink Control Information (DCI) for downlink scheduling (i.e., scheduling information including the PDSCH) on the PDCCH (S2102).

DCI format 1_0 or 1_1 may be used for downlink scheduling, and in particular, DCI format 1_1 includes the following information, which includes: an identifier of a DCI format, a bandwidth part indicator, a frequency domain resource assignment, a time domain resource assignment, a PRB bundling size indicator, a rate matching indicator, a ZP CSI-RS trigger, an antenna port, a Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI), an SRS request, and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence initialization.

In particular, the number of DMRS ports may be scheduled according to each state indicated in the antenna port field, and Single User (SU)/multi-user (MU) transmission scheduling is also available.

Also, the TCI field is configured by 3 bits, and a maximum of 8 TCI states are indicated according to the TCI field value to dynamically conduct QCL for DMRS.

-the UE receiving downlink data from the eNB on the PDSCH (S2103).

When the UE detects a PDCCH including DCI format 1_0 or 1_1, the UE decodes the PDSCH according to the indication of the corresponding DCI.

Here, when the UE receives the PDSCH scheduled by DCI format 1, the DMRS configuration Type may be configured by a higher layer parameter "DMRS-Type" in the UE, and the DMRS Type is used to receive the PDSCH. Further, in the UE, the maximum number of DMRS symbols for the pre-loading of the PDSCH may be configured by a higher layer parameter "maxLength".

In case of DMRS configuration type1, when a single codeword is scheduled and an antenna port mapped to index {2, 9, 10, 11 or 30} is specified in the UE, or when two codewords are scheduled in the UE, the UE assumes that all remaining orthogonal antenna ports are not associated with PDSCH transmission to another UE.

Alternatively, in case of DMRS configuration type2, when a single codeword is scheduled and an antenna port mapped to index {2, 10, or 23} is specified in the UE, or when two codewords are scheduled in the UE, the UE assumes that all remaining orthogonal antenna ports are not associated with PDSCH transmission to another UE.

When the UE receives the PDSCH, the precoding granularity P' may be assumed to be consecutive resource blocks in the frequency domain. Here, P' may correspond to a 1 value 2,4, and wideband.

When P' is determined to be wideband, the UE does not predict that the PDSCH is scheduled to non-contiguous PRBs, and the UE may assume that the same precoding is applied to the allocated resources.

In contrast, when P 'is determined as any one of {2 and 4}, a precoding resource block group (PRG) is divided into P' consecutive PRBs. The number of actual contiguous PRBs in each PRG may be one or more. The UE may assume that the same precoding is applied to consecutive downlink PRBs in the PRG.

To determine the modulation order, target code rate, and transport block size in PDSCH, the UE first reads the 5-bit MCD field in DCI and determines the modulation order and target code rate. Further, the UE reads the redundancy version field in the DCI and determines the redundancy version. In addition, the UE determines the transport block size by using the number of layers before rate matching and the total number of allocated PRBs.

Considering the beam report calculation time described in the CSI report related part, conceptually, it is possible to depend on capability information (called beamReportTiming (i.e., X) of the UE_μ) Z, which is a time required from a time of receiving a last transmitted resource among a Channel Measurement Resource (CMR) and an Interference Measurement Resource (IMR) to a time of reporting a beam.

For example, the beam report may be a report of CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI)/synchronization signal block resource indicator (SS/PBCH block resource indicator, SSBRI) and/or layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). In the present disclosure, beam reporting may refer to an operation of reporting beam information.

As an example, referring to table 13 above, if the UE is a 60kHz subcarrier spacing (SCS), the UE may report to the base station whether 8 symbols are required, 14 symbols are required, or 28 symbols are required as the UE capability information.

Further, referring to the CSI operation time part of the UE described above, in the case of 15kHz SCS and 30kHz SCS, the Z value (meaning the time required for the UE from the reception time of DCI triggering the corresponding beam report to the actual beam report time) is fixed to 22 symbols and 33 symbols, respectively. In contrast, for 60kHz SCS and 120kHz SCS, it is possible to add i) a beamReportTiming value and ii) beamSwitchTiming (i.e., KB) as UE capability information corresponding to a time required to trigger DCI reception time of Aperiodic (AP) CSI-RS to actual AP CSI-RS reception_l) The value defines the Z value.

This is a value calculated assuming that DCI reception (trigger CSI-RS) > AP CSI-RS resource reception > beam reporting (e.g., CRI and/or L1-RSRP) is performed. For example, the Z value is a value calculated when it is assumed that DCI is received and beam reporting is performed after the AP CSI-RS resource is received. In the present disclosure, the "(AP) CSI-RS resource" is replaced by the "SSB resource" or the "(AP) CSI-RS resource and SSB resource", and the proposed method may be applied.

Exceptionally, when the UE reports the beamswitch timing value as an excessive value (224 symbols or 336 symbols), a fixed Z value of 44 symbols in 60kHz SCS and 97 symbols in 120kHz SCS may be used. This exception is possible when the UE raises the beamSwitchTiming value to 224 symbols or 336 symbols, after receiving the DCI, takes into account and reports the time required to change the beam after activating the panel for receiving the corresponding AP CSI-RS, when the panel for receiving the AP CSI-RS of the corresponding UE has been activated, because AP CSI-RS reception is possible even in a much shorter time than the corresponding value.

In the case of the above calculation method, there may be technical errors in calculating the beam report calculation time. As an example, when beam report calculation time is calculated based on multiple CSI-RS resources (e.g., CRI) and/or multiple SSB resources (e.g., SSBRI), beamSwitchTiming may represent the time required to receive a first DL RS resource reception from a (DL RS resource triggered) DCI, and beamReportTiming value may represent the time required to receive a reporting beam from a last DL RS resource. Therefore, the following problems may occur: wherein the minimum required time is calculated without including a delay time from a first symbol of the first DL RS resource to a last symbol of the last DL RS resource.

When reporting Rel-15 based L1-RSRP, the problem has no significant impact for the following reasons.

L1-RSRP reporting selects and reports DL RS resources only in CMRs (i.e., no IMR configuration exists) and sends the corresponding CMR in the same timeslot. Accordingly, a time difference between a first transmitted downlink reference signal (DL RS) resource and a last DL RS resource among all DL RS resources to be measured is configured within a maximum of 1 slot (═ 14 symbols). The UE may increase the beamReportTiming value and the beamSwitchTiming value to a larger value in consideration of the worst case.

However, in Rel-16, the reporting on beams is negotiated to support not only CRI/SSBRI and/or L1-RSRP of at least one CRI/SSBRI, but also inter-beam interference support layer 1 signal-to-noise and interference ratio (L1-SINR) reporting, and thus, the information value reported by the UE to the base station may be a combination of one or more of the following.

Beam reporting scheme 1: L1-SINR of at least one of CRI/SSBRI and/or CRI/SSBRI

Beam reporting scheme 2: L1-SINR of at least one of CRI/SSBRI, CRI/SSBRI and/or L1-RSRP of at least one of CRI/SSBRI

Beam reporting method 3: CRI/SSBRI, L1-SINR of at least one of CRI/SSBRI, IMR index, and/or L1-RSRP of at least one of CRI/SSBRI

The reported information values may be configured in various other ways. For example, reportQuantity may be configured as ssb-Index-SINR or CRI-SINR. And/or, reportQuantity may be configured as cri-RSRP or ssb-Index-RSRP.

Hereinafter, in the present disclosure, "reported information (or report information)" may be information composed of a combination of all or a part of one or more configuration values of the above-described beam reporting schemes 1 to 3.

Here, the IMR index may be an index corresponding to the nth strongest or nth weakest interference. Alternatively, the IMR index may be an index corresponding to N strong interferers or N weak interferers.

Further, in terms of AP beam reporting, the difference in characteristics between the beam reporting in Rel-16 and the beam reporting in Rel-15 is that not only CMR but also IMR can be configured.

When configuring IMR, one or more ZP (zero power) IMRs (similar to LTE/NR CSI-IM) and/or one or more NZP (non-zero power) CSI-RS IMRs may be configured. Furthermore, when IMR is not configured and L1-SINR reporting is triggered and/or configured, interference measurements may be performed by CMR (UE selects/reports among multiple CMRs).

When IMR is configured in relation to beam reporting as described above, the UE may spend more time for interference estimation and/or L1-SINR calculation/comparison than Rel-15, which only measures and compares the received power information (e.g., RSRP) of the desired channel (i.e., the channel desired to communicate with the base station).

Therefore, the following schemes (hereinafter, first to fifth embodiments) are proposed with respect to configuring and/or defining the minimum time (e.g., Z value, Z' value) required for beam reporting based on L1-RSRP and/or L1-SINR.

Specifically, the present disclosure proposes a method of reporting capability information of each measurement metric and/or differently defining a Z/Z 'value according to the measurement metric (hereinafter, a first embodiment), and a method of reporting a single capability information and/or differently defining a Z/Z' value according to the measurement metric (hereinafter, a second embodiment), and a method of differently defining a Z value based on a location of CMR/IMR (hereinafter, a third embodiment), and a method of differently defining a Z/Z 'value for a case of reporting only L1-SINR and a case of reporting both L1-SINR and L1-RSRP together (hereinafter, a fourth embodiment), and a method of differently defining a Z/Z' value according to an IMR configuration scheme (hereinafter, a fifth embodiment).

Hereinafter, the embodiments described in the present disclosure are separated only for convenience of description, and needless to say, some methods and/or components of one embodiment may be replaced with those of other embodiments, or may be applied in combination with each other.

In the present disclosure, the L1-RSRP report and/or the L1-SINR report represent a L1-RSRP based beam report and/or a L1-SINR based beam report.

In the present disclosure, "a/B" may be interpreted as "a and B", "a or B" and/or "a and/or B".

First embodiment

First, a method of reporting capability information of each measurement metric and/or differently defining a Z/Z' value according to the measurement metric will be described. For example, the capability information may be beamReportTiming capability. For example, the measurement metric may represent L1-RSRP and/or L1-SINR.

Hereinafter, the described methods are separated only for convenience, and needless to say, the configuration of one method may be replaced with the configuration of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other.

The UE may be configured to report the beamReportTiming capability for L1-RSRP reporting and the beamReportTiming capability for L1-SINR reporting separately.

And/or, the values of Z and/or Z' may be defined differently (linked to each capability) based on whether the corresponding AP (aperiodic) beam report configured/indicated by the base station is a L1-RSRP report or a L1-SINR report. Based on this, the UE may send an AP beam report to the base station. For example, whether the corresponding AP beam report is an L1-RSRP report or an L1-SINR report may be configured and/or indicated by RRC signaling and/or DCI. For example, Z may represent a minimum CSI operation/processing/computation time until reporting after receiving Downlink Control Information (DCI) triggering aperiodic CSI. Z' may represent a minimum CSI operation/processing/calculation time until reporting after receiving a CSI-RS for channel measurement/interference measurement. In the present disclosure, Z/Z' may be referred to as a minimum required time.

For example, the UE may transmit a beam report (via PUSCH) to the base station in a time resource (e.g., slot, symbol, sub-symbol, etc.) determined based on the value of Z and/or Z'. Here, the AP beam report may indicate a beam report or the like irregularly configured to the UE for beam management. The reported information may be one or more combinations of beam reporting schemes 1 to 3.

And/or, the beamReportTiming capability value of the L1-SINR report may be replaced with information of the number of symbols additionally required compared to the beamReportTiming value of the L1-RSRP report. As an example, the UE may report a difference value and/or offset value compared to the beamReportTiming capability value reported by L1-RSRP as the beamReportTiming capability value reported by L1-SINR.

Second embodiment

Next, a method of reporting single capability information and/or differently defining a Z/Z' value according to a measurement metric will be described. For example, the capability information may be beamReportTiming capability. For example, the measurement metric may represent L1-RSRP and/or L1-SINR.

Hereinafter, the methods to be described are separated only for convenience, and needless to say, the configuration of one method may be replaced with the configuration of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other.

The UE reports a single beamReportTiming capability, and the values of Z and/or Z' may be defined differently based on whether the corresponding AP beam report is an L1-RSRP report or an L1-SINR report. Based on this, the UE may send an AP beam report to the base station.

And/or, the UE reports a single beamReportTiming capability per SCS, and the values of Z and/or Z' may be defined differently based on whether the corresponding AP beam report is a L1-RSRP report or a L1-SINR report. Here, differently defining may mean that Z and/or Z' are defined differently according to the reporting metric (L1-RSRP or L1-SINR). For example, under certain conditions and/or circumstances (e.g., when SCS is the same), the values of Z and/or Z' may have the same values in the L1-RSRP report and the L1-SINR report.

For example, the UE may transmit a beam report (via PUSCH) to the base station in a time resource (e.g., slot, symbol, sub-symbol, etc.) determined based on the value of Z and/or Z'. Here, the AP beam report may indicate a beam report or the like irregularly configured to the UE for beam management. The reported information may be one or more combinations of beam reporting schemes 1 to 3.

And/or, the value of Z and/or Z 'to be applied when reporting based on L1-SINR may be greater than or equal to the value of Z and/or Z' to be applied when reporting based on L1-RSRP.

And/or, the value of Z and/or Z to be applied when reporting based on L1-SINR may be a value obtained by adding a specific constant value (configured/defined for each SCS) (e.g., 1 or 2 symbols) to the value of Z and/or Z' to be applied when reporting based on L1-RSRP.

And/or, the value of Z and/or Z 'to be applied when reporting based on L1-SINR may be a value obtained by adding a specific value (e.g., X × Y symbols, X ═ 1 or 2 (depending on SCS), Y ═ the number of IMRs) defined/determined (for each SCS) according to the number of IMRs and/or CMRs, to the value of Z and/or Z' to be applied when reporting based on L1-RSRP.

And/or, there may be the following: a transmission time difference between a resource transmitted earliest (i.e., earliest time) and a resource transmitted last (i.e., last time) among the IMRs and the CMRs is large. And/or may allow the IMR and CMR to be configured in different time slots. In this case, as described above, the problem of lack of Z and/or Z' due to the time difference between the first DL RS resource and the last DL RS resource may be further exacerbated.

Therefore, the following third embodiment is proposed.

Third embodiment

Next, a method of defining a Z value based on the position of CMR/IMR will be described.

Hereinafter, the methods to be described are separated only for convenience, and needless to say, the configuration of one method may be replaced with the configuration of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other.

Hereinafter, in the third embodiment, the "Z value" may be replaced with a "Z 'value" or "Z and Z' values".

The Z value is changed as in methods 1 to 2 according to the position of the earliest symbol and/or resource among the CMR and IMR and the position of the latest symbol and/or resource among the CMR and IMR.

And/or, in case of the L1-SINR report, changing the Z value as in methods 1 to 2 according to the location of the earliest symbol and/or resource among the CMR and IMR and the location of the last symbol and/or resource among the CMR and IMR.

(method 1)

When the transmission slot positions between the CMR and the IMR are different, a method of increasing the Z value by a slot offset may be considered. For example, when the CMR and the IMR are transmitted/received in different slots, and/or when the earliest symbol and/or resource among the CMR and/or the IMR and the latest symbol and/or resource among the CMR and/or the IMR are located in different slots, a method of increasing the Z value by a slot offset may be considered. For example, the slot offset may represent an interval between slots, and may be defined as the number of slots.

(method 2)

When the Z value is obtained at a specific SCS (e.g., 60kHz, 120kHz), a method of using a value obtained by adding a position of the last symbol and/or resource among CMRs and/or IMRs, a position of the earliest symbol and/or resource among CMRs and/or IMRs, to an existing value (e.g., beamReportTiming and/or beamSwitchTiming) as the Z value may be considered.

And/or, when the Z value is obtained at a specific SCS (e.g., 60kHz, 120kHz), a method of using a value obtained by adding a value obtained by subtracting x symbols from the position of the last symbol and/or resource among the CMRs and/or IMRs, the position of the earliest symbol and/or resource among the CMRs and/or IMRs, and an existing value (e.g., beamReportTiming and/or beamSwitchTiming) as the Z value may be considered. For example, x may be 1 or 2.

And/or, along with information for identifying the beam (e.g., beam ID, beam index), when both i) the case of reporting only L1-SINR and ii) the case of reporting both L1-SINR and L1-RSRP together are supported, more computation time may be required because the UE needs to perform two calculations for two metrics (i.e., L1-SINR, L1-RSRP) when reporting L1-SINR and L1-RSRP together.

Therefore, the following fourth embodiment is proposed.

Fourth embodiment

Next, a method of differently defining the Z/Z' value for the case of reporting only the L1-SINR and the case of reporting both the L1-SINR and the L1-RSRP will be described.

Hereinafter, the methods to be described are separated only for convenience, and needless to say, the configuration of one method may be replaced with the configuration of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other.

i) The values of Z and/or Z' may be determined differently when reporting only L1-SINR and ii) when reporting L1-SINR and L1-RSRP and beam IDs.

For example, for the case of reporting L1-SINR together with L1-RSRP, values of Z and/or Z 'are applied that are increased by a certain constant/variable value (pre-configured/defined) compared to the values of Z and/or Z' defined to be applied in the case of reporting only L1-SINR. For example, when L1-SINR is reported together with L1-RSRP, the value of Z and/or Z 'defined to be applied when only L1-SINR is reported, increased by one symbol may be applied as the value of Z and Z'.

Further, in Rel-16, for the IMR configuration of beam reporting considering L1-SINR, the following four cases (some of) can be supported. (hereinafter) (case 1-case 4)

(case 1)When the dedicated IMR is not configured, the UE measures interference from the CMR. For example, the CMR may be similar to the CSI-SINR defined in a predefined standard (e.g., 3GPP TS 38.215).

(case 2)When a dedicated IMR is configured and the IMR is based on ZP (zero power) only (CSI-RS) only (NZP (CSI-RS) only), the UE measures interference from the IMR and/or CMR. For example, ZP may be similar to CSI-IM in NR/LTE.

(case 3)When a dedicated IMR is configured and the IMR is based only on NZP (non-zero power) (CSI-RS) (based only on NZP (CSI-RS)), the UE measures interference from the IMR and/or CMR. For example, the NZP may be similar to the NZP CSI-RS based IMR in NR.

(case 4)When a dedicated IMR is configured and the IMR includes both NZP-based (CSI-RS) and ZP-based (CSI-RS), the UE measures interference from the IMR and/or CMR.

At this time, values of Z and/or Z' required in each case related to the IMR configuration or a specific case may be differently specified/defined. (hereinafter) (fifth embodiment).

Fifth embodiment

Next, a method of differently defining the Z/Z' value according to the IMR configuration method will be described.

Hereinafter, the methods to be described are separated only for convenience, and needless to say, the configuration of one method may be replaced with the configuration of another method, or may be applied in combination with each other.

For the L1-SINR report, the values of Z and/or Z' may be configured/defined differently according to the four IMR configuration methods (case 1 to case 4). And/or, the same values of Z and/or Z' may be configured/defined for some of the four IMR configuration methods.

For example, a larger value may be specified/defined/configured since the calculation of the dedicated NZP IMR may take more time than the calculation of the dedicated ZP IMR. And/or, when both the dedicated ZP IMR and the dedicated NZP IMR are configured, a larger value may be applied. And/or, if there is no dedicated IMR configuration, the same values of Z and/or Z' as when reporting L1-RSRP may be applied since there is no large difference in the amount of computation compared to the existing L1-RSRP.

For example, the values of Z and/or Z' applied for case 1 may be configured to be the same as the values applied when reporting L1-RSRP (since there is no separate IMR configuration).

For example, the value of Z and/or Z 'applied to case 3 may be a value by adding a specific offset value (e.g., 1 symbol) to the value of Z and/or Z' defined for case 1 and/or case 2.

For example, Z and/or Z' may be determined to be the maximum for case 4. In this case, the applied value may be a value by adding a specific offset value (e.g., 1 symbol) to the values defined for case 1, case 2, and/or case 3.

And/or, the above proposals (first embodiment to fifth embodiment) may be applied in combination with each other. That is, the value of Z and/or Z' may be configured by combining the methods set forth in one or more embodiments.

For example, the fifth embodiment of i) the first to fourth embodiments that propose a method of configuring the values of Z and/or Z 'in consideration of L1-SINR reports, and ii) a method of configuring the values of Z and/or Z' in consideration of IMR configuration when reporting L1-SINR may be combined and applied. Specifically, when considering the L1-SINR report and IMR configuration (e.g., four cases in the fifth embodiment, etc.), the values of Z and/or Z' may be the values described in the above fifth embodiment that are increased by a specific offset value with respect to the Z and/or Z values configured/defined/determined by the methods set forth in the above first to fourth embodiments. Or vice versa.

Implementation dependent signalling procedure

Fig. 22 shows an example of signaling between User Equipment (UE)/Base Station (BS) for performing CSI reporting (i.e., including beam reporting) based on the above-mentioned proposed method (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments, etc.). Fig. 22 is merely for convenience of description and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, some of the steps shown in fig. 22 may be omitted or combined depending on the environment and/or configuration, etc. In the present disclosure, CSI reporting (or beam reporting) may refer to an operation of reporting beam information.

UE operation

The UE may report the UE capability information to the base station (S2201). For example, the UE may report UE capability information (or capability information) related to CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) to the base station. For example, as in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), the UE may report information on beamreporting timing, beamswitching timing, and the like, which is used to determine/calculate the calculation time required for CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) (e.g., refer to the above CSI-related operation section), to the base station.

The UE may receive CSI and/or Beam Management (BM) related configurations from the base station (S2202). As described above, the UE may receive configuration information related to CSI reporting (e.g., CSI report settings, RRC parameter set CSI-ReportConfig, etc.) from the base station through RRC signaling (e.g., refer to the CSI-related operations section above). For example, the CSI-related configuration may include information on a CSI reporting-related resource configuration (e.g., CMR/IMR-related configuration), information on configuration/determination of a minimum time required for CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) (e.g., offset, specific value, etc.), as in the methods described in the present disclosure (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments).

The UE may receive at least one CSI-RS from the base station (S2203), and based on the received CSI-RS, the UE may calculate CSI to be reported to the base station (S2204). In this case, the UE may calculate CSI based on CSI-related information (e.g., CSI-related configuration, etc.) transmitted through higher layer signaling and/or DCI, predefined rules, and the like.

For example, the UE may perform channel estimation, interference measurement, and the like using the methods described in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments). Specifically, as in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), the UE may perform channel estimation, interference estimation, etc. according to the CMR/IMR configuration in consideration of a minimum time required for CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting).

The UE may report the calculated CSI to the base station (S2205). For example, as in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), the UE may perform CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) configured with one or more combinations of the above-described beam reporting schemes 1 to 3. That is, the UE may send beam reports to the base station based on beam information (e.g., beam ID), L1-RSRP, and/or L1-SINR. In addition, CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) may be performed at times (e.g., slots, subslots, symbols, etc.) determined/calculated based on the schemes described in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments).

BS operation

The base station may receive a report of UE capability information from the UE (S2201). For example, the base station may receive a report of UE capability information and the like related to CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) from the UE. For example, as in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), the BS may receive, from the UE, information about beamReportTiming, beamSwitchTiming, and the like, which is used to determine/calculate the calculation time required for CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) (e.g., refer to the above CSI-related operation section).

The base station may transmit CSI and/or Beam Management (BM) -related configurations to the UE (S2202). As described above, the base station may transmit configuration information (e.g., CSI report settings, RRC parameter set CSI-ReportConfig, etc.) related to CSI reporting to the UE through RRC signaling (e.g., refer to the CSI-related operation section above). For example, the CSI-related configuration may include information on a CSI reporting-related resource configuration (e.g., CMR/IMR-related configuration), information on configuration/determination of a minimum time required for CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) (e.g., offset, specific value, etc.), as in the methods described in the present disclosure (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments).

The base station may transmit at least one CSI-RS to the UE (S2203), and may receive a CSI report (i.e., a beam report) calculated/determined by the UE (S2205). For example, the CSI report may be calculated/determined by the UE by performing channel estimation, interference measurement, and the like using the schemes described in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments). Specifically, as in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), CSI reporting may be performed based on channel estimation, interference estimation, and the like according to the CMR/IMR configuration in consideration of the minimum time and the like required for CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting).

In this case, as in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), CSI reporting may be configured by one or more combinations of beam reporting schemes 1 to 3. That is, the base station may receive beam reports from the UE based on beam information (e.g., beam ID), L1-RSRP, and/or L1-SINR. CSI reporting (i.e., beam reporting) may be performed at times (e.g., slots, subslots, symbols, etc.) determined/calculated based on the schemes described in the above-described methods (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments).

Further, the above-described base station operation and/or UE operation (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments and/or fig. 22, etc.) may be implemented by apparatuses (e.g., fig. 25 to 29) to be described below. For example, a base station may correspond to a transmitting apparatus/first apparatus and a UE may correspond to a receiving apparatus/second apparatus, and vice versa may be considered in some cases. Further, the operations of the base station and/or the UE described above (e.g., the first and fifth embodiments and/or fig. 22, etc.) are performed by the processor 1020/2020 of fig. 26.

It may be processed by the processor 2310 of fig. 26 or the control unit 1200 of fig. 29, and operations of the base station and/or the UE (e.g., the first and fifth embodiments and/or fig. 22, etc.) may be stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1020/2020 of fig. 26, the memory unit 1300 of fig. 29) in the form of instructions/programs (e.g., instructions, executable code) for driving at least one processor of fig. 25-29.

Fig. 23 is a flowchart for illustrating an operation method of the UE proposed in the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 23, first, the UE (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may transmit beam-related capability information (e.g., MIMO-parameterspersband in table 13) to the base station (S2301). For example, the beam related capability information may comprise at least one of: i) information for beam reporting timing and/or ii) information for beam switching timing. For example, the information for the beam report timing may be beamReportTiming of table 13, and the information for the beam switching timing may be beamSwitchTiming of table 13.

For example, the operation of the UE transmitting the beam-related capability information in step S2301 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, the one or more processors 1020 may control the one or more memories 1040 and/or the one or more RF units 1060, etc. to transmit beam related capability information, and the one or more RF units 1060 may transmit beam related capability information.

And/or, the UE (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may receive Downlink Control Information (DCI) for triggering beam reporting from the base station (S2302).

For example, the operation of receiving DCI by the UE in step S2302 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, one or more processors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or more RF units 1060, etc. to receive DCI, and one or more RF units 1060 may receive DCI.

And/or, the UE (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may receive the beam report related resource from the base station (S2303). For example, the beam report related resources may be channel state-information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) (or SS/PBCH block, SSB) resources.

For example, the operation of receiving the beam report-related resource by the UE in step S2303 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, one or more processors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or more RF units 1060 to receive beam report related resources, and one or more RF units 1060 may receive beam report related resources.

And/or, the UE (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may report beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resource (S2304). For example, the beam information may represent Channel State Information (CSI). For example, the operation of reporting beam information may be the same as all or part of the above-described CSI-related operation.

For example, the beam information may be noise and interference related information or received power related information.

For example, the noise and interference related information may include an indicator of beam report related resources and a signal to interference noise ratio (SINR). For example, the SINR may be an SINR of the beam report related resource indicated by the indicator. For example, the noise and interference related information may include an indicator of one or more beam report related resources and one or more SINRs.

For example, the received power related information may include an indicator of beam report related resources and Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). For example, the RSRP may be an RSRP of the beam report related resource indicated by the indicator. For example, the received power related information may include one or more indicators of beam report related resources and one or more RSRPs.

For example, the indicator of the beam report related resource may be a channel state information resource indicator (CRI) or a Synchronization Signal Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI) (or SS/PBCH block resource indicator SSBRI).

For example, the operation of reporting beam information by the UE in step S2304 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, the one or more processors 1020 may control the one or more memories 1040 and/or the one or more RF units 1060, etc. to report beam information, and the one or more RF units 1060 may report beam information.

And/or, noise and interference related information may be reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting and received power related information may be reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting. For example, the first minimum required time and the second minimum required time may be configured as the number of symbols.

For example, the first minimum required time may be the value of Z1/Z1 'in Table 12, and the second minimum required time may be the value of Z3/Z3' in Table 12.

And/or, the second minimum required time may be determined based on the beam-related capability information. Example (b)E.g., the second minimum required time may be timed by a beam report (e.g., X)_μ) To be determined. For example, the second minimum required time may be a value indicated by information on beam report timing. As another example, the second minimum required time may be timed by a beam report (e.g., X)_μ) And beam switching timing (e.g., KB)_l) Or may be determined to a pre-configured specific value (e.g., 44 or 97).

And/or the first minimum required time may have a different value than the second minimum required time. For example, the first minimum required time may have a value greater than or equal to the second minimum required time. As another example, the first minimum required time may be a value obtained by adding 1 symbol or 2 symbols to the second minimum required time.

And/or, the beam report may be a non-periodic beam report.

Since the operation of the UE described with reference to fig. 23 is the same as the operation of the UE described with reference to fig. 1 to 22 (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), a detailed description thereof is omitted.

The above signaling and operations may be implemented by apparatuses (e.g., fig. 25 to 29) to be described below. For example, the signaling and operations described above may be processed by one or more of the processors 1010 and 2020 of fig. 25-29 and stored in a memory (e.g., 1040, 2040) in the form of instructions/programs (e.g., instructions, executable code) for driving at least one of the processors (e.g., 1010, 2020) of fig. 25-29.

For example, an apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more memories, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit beam related capability information to a base station, receive downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station, receive beam reporting related resources from the base station, and report beam information to the base station based on the beam reporting related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

As another example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (CRM) storing one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors are configured to cause a User Equipment (UE) to transmit beam related capability information to a base station, receive downlink control information for triggering beam reporting from the base station, receive beam report related resources from the base station, and report beam information to the base station based on the beam report related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Fig. 24 is a flowchart for illustrating an operation method of a base station proposed in the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 24, first, the base station (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may receive beam-related capability information (e.g., MIMO-parameterspersband in table 13) from the UE (S2401). For example, the beam related capability information may comprise at least one of: i) information for beam reporting timing and/or ii) information for beam switching timing. For example, the information for the beam report timing may be beamReportTiming of table 13, and the information for the beam switching timing may be beamSwitchTiming of table 13.

For example, the operation of receiving the beam-related capability information by the base station in step S2401 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, the one or more processors 1020 may control the one or more memories 1040 and/or the one or more RF units 1060, etc. to receive beam related capability information, and the one or more RF units 1060 may receive beam related capability information.

And/or, the base station (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may transmit Downlink Control Information (DCI) for triggering beam reporting to the UE (S2402).

For example, the operation of transmitting DCI by the base station in step S2402 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, one or more processors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or more RF units 1060, etc. to transmit DCI, and one or more RF units 1060 may transmit DCI.

And/or, the base station (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may transmit the beam report related resource to the UE (S2403). For example, the beam report related resources may be channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) resources or Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) (or SS/PBCH block, SSB) resources.

For example, the operation of transmitting the beam report related resource by the base station in step S2403 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, the one or more processors 1020 may control the one or more memories 1040 and/or the one or more RF units 1060, etc. to transmit beam report related resources, and the one or more RF units 1060 may transmit beam report related resources.

And/or, the base station (1000/2000 in fig. 25 to 29) may receive beam information from the UE based on the beam report related resource (S2404). For example, the beam information may represent Channel State Information (CSI). For example, the operation of reporting beam information may be the same as all or part of the above-described CSI-related operation.

For example, the beam information may be noise and interference related information or received power related information.

For example, the noise and interference related information may include an indicator of beam report related resources and a signal to interference noise ratio (SINR). For example, the SINR may be an SINR of the beam report related resource indicated by the indicator. For example, the noise and interference related information may include an indicator of one or more beam report related resources and one or more SINRs.

For example, the received power related information may include an indicator of beam report related resources and Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). For example, the RSRP may be an RSRP of the beam report related resource indicated by the indicator. For example, the received power related information may include one or more indicators of beam report related resources and one or more RSRPs.

For example, the indicator of the beam report related resource may be a channel state information resource indicator (CRI) or a Synchronization Signal Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI) (or SS/PBCH block resource indicator SSBRI).

For example, the operation of receiving the beam information by the base station in step S2404 may be implemented by the apparatuses of fig. 25 to 29 to be described below. For example, referring to fig. 26, the one or more processors 1020 may control the one or more memories 1040 and/or the one or more RF units 1060, etc. to receive beam information, and the one or more RF units 1060 may receive beam information.

And/or, noise and interference related information may be reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting and received power related information may be reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting. For example, the first minimum required time and the second minimum required time may be configured as the number of symbols.

For example, the first minimum required time may be the value of Z1/Z1 'in Table 12, and the second minimum required time may be the value of Z3/Z3' in Table 12.

And/or, the second minimum required time may be determined based on the beam-related capability information. For example, the second minimum required time may be timed by a beam report (e.g., X)_μ) To be determined. For example, the second minimum required time may be a value indicated by information on beam report timing. As another example, the second minimum required time may be determined by the beamReport timing (e.g., X)_μ) And beam switching timing (e.g., KB)_l) Or may be determined to a pre-configured specific value (e.g., 44 or 97).

And/or the first minimum required time may have a different value than the second minimum required time. For example, the first minimum required time may have a value greater than or equal to the second minimum required time. As another example, the first minimum required time may be a value obtained by adding 1 symbol or 2 symbols to the second minimum required time.

And/or, the beam report may be a non-periodic beam report.

Since the operation of the base station described with reference to fig. 24 is the same as the operation of the base station described with reference to fig. 1 to 23 (e.g., the first to fifth embodiments), a detailed description thereof is omitted.

The above signaling and operations may be implemented by apparatuses (e.g., fig. 25 to 29) to be described below. For example, the signaling and operations described above may be processed by one or more of the processors 1010 and 2020 of fig. 25-29, and the signaling and operations described above may be stored in a memory (e.g., 1040, 2040) in the form of instructions/programs (e.g., instructions, executable code) for driving at least one of the processors (e.g., 1010, 2020) of fig. 25-29.

For example, an apparatus includes one or more memories and one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more memories, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to receive beam related capability information from a UE, transmit downlink control information for triggering beam reporting to the UE, transmit beam reporting related resources to the UE, and receive beam information from the UE based on the beam reporting related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or receive power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the receive power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein, the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

As another example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (CRM) storing one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors are configured to cause a base station to receive beam related capability information from a UE, transmit downlink control information for triggering beam reporting to the UE, transmit beam reporting related resources to the UE, and receive beam information from the UE based on the beam reporting related resources, wherein the beam information is noise and interference related information or received power related information, wherein the noise and interference related information is reported based on a first minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the received power related information is reported based on a second minimum required time for beam reporting, wherein the second minimum required time is determined based on the beam related capability information, and wherein, the first minimum required time has a different value than the second minimum required time.

Examples of communication systems to which the present disclosure applies

Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure may be applied in various fields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

Hereinafter, the communication system will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following figures/description, the same reference numerals will refer to the same or corresponding hardware, software or functional blocks, if not described differently.

Fig. 25 illustrates a communication system 10 applied to the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 25, a communication system 10 applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device, a BS, and a network. Here, the wireless device may mean a device that performs communication by using a radio access technology (e.g., 5G new rat (nr) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)), and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless devices may include a robot 1000a, vehicles 1000b-1 and 1000b-2, an augmented reality (XR) device 1000c, a handheld device 1000d, a home appliance 1000e, an internet of things (IoT) device 1000f, and an AI device/server 4000. For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle having a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, and the like. Further, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., drone). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented as a Head Mounted Device (HMD), a Head Up Display (HUD) disposed in a vehicle, a television, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, and the like. Handheld devices may include smart phones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), computers (e.g., notebooks, etc.), and the like. The home appliance device may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, and the like. IoT devices may include sensors, smart meters, and the like. For example, the base station and network may even be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 2000a may operate as a base station/network node for other wireless devices.

The wireless devices 1000a to 1000f can be connected to the network 3000 through the base station 2000. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices 1000a to 1000f, and the wireless devices 1000a to 1000f may be connected to the AI server 4000 through the network 3000. The network 3000 may include a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices 1000a to 1000f can communicate with each other through the base station 2000/network 3000, but can directly communicate with each other (sidelink communication) without passing through the base station/network. For example, the vehicles 1000b-1 and 1000b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)/vehicle-to-all (V2X) communication). Further, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 1000 a-1000 f.

Wireless communications/connections 1500a, 1500b, and 1500c may be made between wireless devices 1000 a-1000 f and base station 2000 and between base station 2000 and base station 2000. Wireless communication/connectivity may be conducted over various radio access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication 1500a, sidelink communication 1500b (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication 1500c (e.g., relay, Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and base stations/wireless devices and base stations can send and receive radio signals to/from each other through wireless communications/connections 1500a, 1500b, and 1500 c. For example, wireless communications/connections 1500a, 1500b, and 1500c may transmit/receive signals on various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information configuration procedures for transmission/reception of radio signals, various signal processing procedures (e.g., channel coding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), resource allocation procedures, and the like may be performed based on various descriptions of the present disclosure.

Example of a Wireless device to which the present disclosure is applied

Fig. 25 illustrates a wireless device suitable for use in the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 25, a first wireless device 1000 and a second wireless device 2000 may transmit and receive radio signals through various radio access technologies (e.g., LTE and NR). The first wireless device 1000 and the second wireless device 2000 may correspond to the wireless device 1000x and the base station 2000 and/or the wireless device 1000x and the wireless device 1000x of fig. 21.

The first wireless device 1000 may include one or more processors 1020 and one or more memories 1040, and may also include one or more transceivers 1060 and/or one or more antennas 1080. The processor 1020 may control the memory 1040 and/or the transceiver 1060 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flows described in this disclosure. For example, the processor 1020 may process the information in the memory 1040 and generate a first information/signal and then transmit a radio signal including the first information/signal through the transceiver 1060. Further, the processor 1020 may receive a radio signal including the second information/signal through the transceiver 1060 and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory 1040. The memory 1040 may be connected to the processor 1020 and store various information related to the operation of the processor 1020. For example, the memory 1040 may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 1020 or performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure. The processor 1020 and memory 1040 may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE and NR). The transceiver 1060 may be connected to the processor 1020 and may transmit and/or receive radio signals through the one or more antennas 1080. The transceiver 1060 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 1060 may be used in combination with a Radio Frequency (RF) unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 2000 may include one or more processors 2020 and one or more memories 2040, and may also include one or more transceivers 2060 and/or one or more antennas 2080. The processor 2020 may control the memory 2040 and/or the transceiver 2060 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational procedures described in this disclosure. For example, the processor 2020 may process the information in the memory 2040 and generate a third information/signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information/signal through the transceiver 2060. Further, the processor 2020 may receive a radio signal including fourth information/signal through the transceiver 2060 and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in the memory 2040. The memory 2040 may be connected to the processor 2020 and store various information related to the operation of the processor 2020. For example, the memory 2040 may store software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 2020, or performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure. The processor 2020 and the memory 2040 may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designated to implement wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE and NR). The transceiver 2060 may be connected to the processor 2020 and may transmit and/or receive radio signals via the one or more antennas 2080. The transceiver 2060 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver, and the transceiver 2060 may be used in combination with the RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 1000 and 2000 will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 1020 and 2020. For example, the one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure. The one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure. The one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and/or methods described in this disclosure and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060. One or more processors 1020 and 2020 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 and retrieve PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure.

The one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 1020 and 2020. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, and the like. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, and/or operational flow diagrams described in the present disclosure may be included in the one or more processors 1020 and 2020, or stored in the one or more memories 1040 and 2040 and driven by the one or more processors 1020 and 2020. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure may be implemented in code, instructions, and/or instruction sets using firmware or software.

One or more memories 1040 and 2040 may be connected to the one or more processors 1020 and 2020 and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or instructions. The one or more memories 1040, 2040 may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 1040, 2040 may be internal and/or external to the one or more processors 1020, 2020. Further, the one or more memories 1040, 2040 may be connected to the one or more processors 1020, 2020 using various techniques, such as wired or wireless connections.

The one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may transmit the user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, and the like mentioned in the method and/or operational flow diagrams of the present disclosure to one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, and the like, referred to in the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may be connected to the one or more processors 1020 and 2020 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may control the one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. Further, the one or more processors 1020 and 2020 may control the one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. Further, one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may be connected to one or more antennas 1080 and 2080. The one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. described in the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams described in this disclosure through the one or more antennas 1080 and 2080. In the present disclosure, the one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may convert the received radio signals/channels from RF band signals to baseband signals to process the received user data, control information, radio signals/channels, and the like, using the one or more processors 1020 and 2020. The one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may convert user data, control information, radio signals/channels, and the like, processed using the one or more processors 1020 and 2020, from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 1060 and 2060 may include an (analog) oscillator and/or a filter.

Examples of signal processing circuits to which the present disclosure is applied

Fig. 27 illustrates a signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal.

Referring to fig. 27, the signal processing circuit 10000 may include a scrambler 10100, a modulator 10200, a layer mapper 10300, a precoder 10400, a resource mapper 10500, and a signal generator 10600. Although not limited thereto, the operations/functions of fig. 27 may be performed by the processors 1020 and 2020 and/or the transceivers 1060 and 2060 of fig. 26. The hardware elements of fig. 27 may be implemented in the processors 1020 and 2020 and/or transceivers 1060 and 2060 of fig. 26. For example, blocks 10100 through 10600 may be implemented in processors 1020 and 2020 of fig. 26. Further, blocks 10100-10500 may be implemented in processors 1020 and 2020 of fig. 26, and block 10600 may be implemented in transceivers 1060 and 2060 of fig. 26.

The code word can be converted into a radio signal via the signal processing circuit 10000 of fig. 27. A codeword is a sequence of coded bits of an information block. The information block may include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block, etc.). Radio signals may be transmitted on various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH, etc.).

In particular, the codeword may be transformed into a bit sequence scrambled by the scrambler 10100. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling may be generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, and the like. The scrambled bit sequence may be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator 10200. The modulation schemes may include pi/2 Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying (PSK), m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and the like. The complex modulation symbol sequence may be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper 10300. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer may be mapped to corresponding antenna ports by a precoder 10400 (precoding). The output z of the precoder 10400 may be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 10300 by a precoding matrix W of N × M, where N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 10400 may perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Further, the precoder 10400 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

The resource mapper 10500 may map the modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources may include a plurality of symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator 10600 may generate a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal may be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator 10600 may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency up-converter, and the like.

The signal processing procedure for the received signal in the wireless device may be configured in the reverse of the signal processing procedures 10100 to 10600 of fig. 27. For example, wireless devices (e.g., 1000 and 2000 of fig. 26) may receive radio signals from the outside through an antenna port/transceiver. The received radio signal may be converted to a baseband signal by a signal reconstructor. To this end, the signal reconstructor may include a frequency down converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal may be reconstructed into a codeword through resource demapper processing, post-encoding processing, demodulation processing, and descrambling processing. The codeword can be reconstructed into the original information block via decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for receiving a signal may include a signal reconstructor, a resource demapper, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

Use example of wireless device to which the present disclosure is applied

Fig. 28 illustrates another example of a wireless device applied to the present disclosure.

Wireless devices may be implemented in various types of devices depending on the use case/service.

Referring to fig. 28, wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may correspond to wireless devices 1000 and 2000 of fig. 26 and may be composed of various elements, components, units, and/or modules. For example, the wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may include a communication unit 1100, a control unit 1200 and a memory unit 1300, as well as additional elements 1400. The communication unit 1100 may include a communication circuit 1120 and a transceiver 1140. For example, the communication circuit 1120 may include one or more processors 1020 and 2020 and/or one or more memories 1040 and 2040 of fig. 26. For example, the transceiver 1140 may include one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 and/or one or more antennas 1080 and 2080 of fig. 26. The control unit 1200 is electrically connected to the communication unit 1100, the memory unit 1300, and the additional element 1400, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 1200 may electrically/mechanically operate the wireless device based on the programs/codes/instructions/information stored in the memory unit 1300. Further, the control unit 1200 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 1300 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) through the communication unit 1100 via a wireless/wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) through the communication unit 1100 via a wireless/wired interface.

The additional element 1400 may be configured in various ways according to the type of wireless device. For example, the additional elements 1400 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output (I/O) unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot 1000a of fig. 25, vehicles 1000b-1 and 1000b-2 of fig. 25, an XR device 1000c of fig. 25, a portable device 1000d of fig. 25, a home appliance 1000e of fig. 25, an IoT device 1000f of fig. 25, a digital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a Fintech device (or financial device), a safety device, a climate/environment device, an AI server/device 4000 of fig. 25, a base station 2000 of fig. 25, a network node, or the like. Depending on the use case/service, the wireless device may be mobile or may be used at a fixed location.

In fig. 28, all of the various elements, components, units and/or modules in the wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may be interconnected via a wired interface, or at least may be wirelessly connected by the communication unit 1100. For example, the control unit 1200 and the communication unit 1100 in the wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may be wired, and the control unit 1200 and the first unit (e.g., 1300 or 1400) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 1100. Further, each element, component, unit and/or module in wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 1200 may be constituted by one or more processor groups. For example, the control unit 1200 may be configured as a collection of communication control processors, application processors, Electronic Control Units (ECUs), graphics processing processors, memory control processors, and the like. As another example, the memory unit 1300 may be configured as Random Access Memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (dram), Read Only Memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and/or combinations thereof.

Fig. 29 illustrates a portable device applied to the present disclosure.

Portable devices may include smart phones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), and portable computers (e.g., notebooks, etc.). The portable device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT).

Referring to fig. 29, the portable device 1000 may include an antenna unit 1080, a communication unit 1100, a control unit 1200, a memory unit 1300, a power supply unit 1400a, an interface unit 1400b, and an input/output unit 1400 c. The antenna unit 1080 may be configured as part of the communication unit 1100. Blocks 1100 to 1300/1400a to 1400c correspond to blocks 1100 to 1300/1400 of fig. 28, respectively.

The communication unit 1100 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., data or control signals) to and from other wireless devices or base stations. The control unit 1200 may perform various operations by controlling the components of the portable device 1000. The control unit 1200 may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 1300 may store data/parameters/programs/codes/instructions required to drive the portable device 1000. In addition, the memory unit 1300 may store input/output data/information and the like. The power supply unit 1400a may supply power to the portable device 1000, and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, and the like. The interface unit 1400b may support connection between the portable device 1000 and another external device. The interface unit 1400b may include various ports (e.g., audio input/output port, video input/output port) for connection with external devices. The input/output unit 1400c may receive or output video information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input from a user. The input/output unit 1400c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, the display 1400d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.

For example, in the case of data communication, the input/output unit 1400c may acquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video, etc.) input from a user, and the acquired information/signals may be stored in the memory unit 1300. The communication unit 1100 may convert information/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the radio signals directly to another wireless device or transmit the radio signals to a base station. Further, the communication unit 1100 may receive a radio signal from another wireless device or a base station and then reconstruct the received radio signal into original information/signals. The reconstructed information/signal may be stored in the memory unit 1300 and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, tactile) through the input/output unit 1400 c.

The above embodiments are achieved by combinations of components and features of the present disclosure in predetermined forms. Each component or feature is to be considered selectively unless specified separately. Each component or feature can be implemented without being combined with another component or feature. Further, some components and/or features are combined with each other and may implement embodiments of the present disclosure. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be replaced by corresponding components or features of another embodiment. It is obvious that some claims referring to specific claims may be combined with another claims referring to claims other than the specific claims to constitute the embodiment, or new claims may be added by way of modification after the present application is filed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in various ways (e.g., hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof). In case of implementing the embodiments by hardware, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, etc. may be used to implement one embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the case where the embodiments are implemented by firmware or software, one embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented by a module, a procedure, or a function that performs the aforementioned functions or operations. The software codes may be stored in a memory and may be driven by a processor. The memory is provided inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor through various known means.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof. The foregoing detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and is to be construed as illustrative in all aspects. The scope of the disclosure should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the disclosure are included in the scope of the disclosure.

Industrial applicability

The method of reporting beam information in the wireless communication system of the present disclosure has been described focusing on examples applied to the 3GPP LTE/LTE-a system and the 5G system (new RAT system), but in addition to this, it can also be applied to various wireless communication systems.