阅读说明：本技术 一种3d打印的旋转锁紧式颈椎复位器 (Rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer with 3D printing function ) 是由 曹晟 潘嘉欣 王奉涛 王新家 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例公开了一种3D打印的旋转锁紧式颈椎复位器,包括左撑开钉、右撑开钉、左可旋转钳头、右可旋转钳头、左钳体、右钳体、限位齿条、限位弹片；所述左钳体、右钳体均包括钳柄、固定设置于所述钳柄端头上的棘轮,所述左可旋转钳头、右可旋转钳头分别可旋转定位设置于所述棘轮上,所述限位齿条一端铰接设置于其中的一个钳柄上,另一个钳柄上设置有与所述限位齿条卡合的限位的凸齿,所述限位齿条的铰接处下方设置所述限位弹片,用于使所述限位齿条保持与所述凸齿卡合。本发明适用于不同程度颈椎后凸畸形的复位手术,有效解决了颈椎前路手术中传统撑开器不能旋转椎体进行复位的问题,并提高复位器通用性,极大降低了手术难度,提高手术成功率。(The embodiment of the invention discloses a 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer, which comprises a left spreading nail, a right spreading nail, a left rotatable tong head, a right rotatable tong head, a left tong body, a right tong body, a limiting rack and a limiting elastic sheet, wherein the left spreading nail and the right spreading nail are arranged on the left side of the left rotary tong head; the left clamp body and the right clamp body respectively comprise clamp handles and ratchet wheels fixedly arranged on the ends of the clamp handles, the left rotatable clamp head and the right rotatable clamp head are respectively rotatably positioned on the ratchet wheels, one end of each limiting rack is hinged to one of the clamp handles, the other clamp handle is provided with limiting convex teeth clamped with the limiting racks, and the limiting elastic pieces are arranged below the hinged positions of the limiting racks and used for enabling the limiting racks to be clamped with the convex teeth. The invention is suitable for the reduction operation of cervical kyphosis with different degrees, effectively solves the problem that the traditional dilator can not rotate the vertebral body for reduction in the anterior cervical vertebra operation, improves the universality of the restorer, greatly reduces the operation difficulty and improves the operation success rate.)

1. A3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer is characterized by comprising a left spreading nail, a right spreading nail, a left rotatable binding clip, a right rotatable binding clip, a left binding clip, a right binding clip, a limiting rack and a limiting elastic sheet; the left spreading nail and the right spreading nail are respectively sleeved in the ends of the left rotatable binding clip and the right rotatable binding clip, the left binding clip body and the right binding clip body respectively comprise a binding clip handle and a ratchet wheel fixedly arranged on the end of the binding clip handle, the left rotatable binding clip and the right rotatable binding clip are respectively and rotatably positioned on the ratchet wheel, one end of a limiting rack is hinged to one of the binding clip handle of the left binding clip body and the right binding clip body, the other binding clip handle is provided with a limiting convex tooth clamped with the limiting rack, and the limiting elastic piece is arranged below the hinged position of the limiting rack and used for enabling the limiting rack to be kept clamped with the convex tooth.

2. The 3D-printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer according to claim 1, further comprising a forceps head rotary locking mechanism disposed on the left and right rotatable forceps heads, wherein the forceps head rotary locking mechanism comprises a clamping piece, the ratchet wheel and a forceps head handle, the clamping piece is hinged with the forceps head handle, a coil spring is disposed therebetween for keeping the clamping piece engaged with the ratchet wheel, and the forceps head handle is fixedly disposed on the left/right rotatable forceps heads.

3. The 3D-printed, rotationally-locking cervical spine repositor according to claim 2, wherein the left rotatable forceps head comprises a front forceps head end and a rear forceps head end which are integrally formed by 3D printing, the front forceps head end and the rear forceps head end are at an included angle of 90 °, and the forceps head handle is located on the lower half portion of the rear forceps head end.

4. The 3D printed rotary locking cervical spine repositor of claim 3, wherein a power handle is hinged to the forceps head handle.

5. The 3D printed rotary locking cervical spine repositor of claim 1, wherein the forceps handles are arc shaped.

6. The 3D-printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra repositor according to claim 1, wherein the limiting rack is of an arc-shaped structure, and a pressing surface is arranged at the tail end of the limiting rack.

7. The 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a limiting block extending downwards is arranged on the end face of the rear end of the binding clip, a limiting groove is arranged on the wheel surface of the ratchet wheel, and the limiting block is positioned in the limiting groove.

8. The 3D-printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra repositor according to claim 7, wherein a rotary column extends from the top surface of the ratchet wheel, a through groove is formed on the side surface of the rotary column, a fixed shaft radially penetrates through the rear end of the forceps head, the rotary sleeve at the rear end of the forceps head is arranged on the rotary column, and the fixed shaft penetrates through the through groove.

9. The 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer according to claim 1, wherein one end of the limiting elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the forceps handle, the other end of the limiting elastic sheet protrudes outwards and is provided with a U-shaped fork opening, the fork opening and the forceps handle are provided with an elastic deformation interval, and the lower end of the root of the limiting rack is provided with a protrusion clamped outside the fork opening.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra repositor.

Background

The neck of the pillow is subjected to the action of flexural violence, which often causes dislocation of cervical vertebral bodies and kyphotic deformity, which causes deformation of the canalis vertebralis fibrous duct, often causes compression of nerve tissues, and the probability of paralysis caused by spinal cord involvement exceeds 70%. At present, the cervical vertebra is usually reduced by anterior cervical vertebra operation in clinic. The steps of the anterior cervical procedure include exposure, spinal sequence restoration, decompression and fusion, fixation. The common distraction system is an axial distraction instrument in the processes of spinal sequence recovery, decompression and fusion, and can not perform front-back push-pull or rotary reduction on the vertebral body, so that the vertebral body is mostly rotated by hands to perform vertebral body reduction on the reduction operation of cervical kyphosis. The manual centrum rotation operation is difficult, the reduction precision is difficult to ensure, and the success rate of anterior cervical vertebra operation is low and serious postoperative complications are caused.

In recent years, medical instruments are undergoing a great trend towards individuation and matching development and have strict precision attributes, and the 3D printing technology is used for producing various parts with complex shapes by processing materials and superposing the materials layer by layer and directly producing the parts according to three-dimensional digital model files established by computer modeling software, so that individuation customization and part integrated forming and light weight can be realized, the manufacturing complexity is greatly reduced, the part assembly is reduced, the precision of the medical instruments is improved, and the service life of the medical instruments is prolonged. For operations requiring precise and minimally invasive cervical vertebra reduction, the used operation tools are often precise and special, the operation tools are difficult to manufacture by using the traditional machining mode, the spent period is long, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra repositor. Can realize the push-pull and the rotary reduction of the vertebral body and can also carry out the reduction of the cervical vertebra aiming at the conditions of the cervical vertebra kyphosis and the like.

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra restorer, which comprises a left distraction nail, a right distraction nail, a left rotatable tong head, a right rotatable tong head, a left tong body, a right tong body, a limiting rack and a limiting elastic sheet; the left spreading nail and the right spreading nail are respectively sleeved in the ends of the left rotatable binding clip and the right rotatable binding clip, the left binding clip body and the right binding clip body respectively comprise a binding clip handle and a ratchet wheel fixedly arranged on the end of the binding clip handle, the left rotatable binding clip and the right rotatable binding clip are respectively and rotatably positioned on the ratchet wheel, one end of a limiting rack is hinged to one of the binding clip handle of the left binding clip body and the right binding clip body, the other binding clip handle is provided with a limiting convex tooth clamped with the limiting rack, and the limiting elastic piece is arranged below the hinged position of the limiting rack and used for enabling the limiting rack to be kept clamped with the convex tooth.

The left rotatable binding clip and the right rotatable binding clip are provided with a clamping piece, a ratchet wheel and a binding clip handle, the clamping piece is hinged to the binding clip handle, a spiral spring is arranged between the clamping piece and the binding clip handle and used for enabling the clamping piece to be kept meshed with the ratchet wheel, and the binding clip handle is fixedly arranged on the left rotatable binding clip/the right rotatable binding clip.

The left rotatable binding clip comprises a binding clip front end and a binding clip rear end which are integrally formed through 3D printing, the two binding clip front end and the two binding clip rear end form an included angle of 90 degrees, and the binding clip handle is located on the lower half part of the binding clip rear end.

Wherein, the tong head handle is hinged with a power-assisted handle.

Wherein, the forceps handle is of an arc structure.

The limiting rack is of an arc-shaped structure, and the tail end of the limiting rack is provided with a pressing surface.

The end face of the rear end of the binding clip is provided with a limiting block extending downwards, a wheel face of the ratchet wheel is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting block is located in the limiting groove.

The top surface of the ratchet wheel extends to form a rotating column, a through groove is formed in the side surface of the rotating column, a fixed shaft radially penetrates through the rear end of the binding clip, the rear end of the binding clip is rotatably sleeved on the rotating column, and the fixed shaft penetrates through the through groove.

One end of the limiting elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the forceps handle, the other end of the limiting elastic sheet protrudes outwards and is provided with a U-shaped fork opening, the fork opening and the forceps handle are provided with an elastic deformation interval, and the lower end of the root part of the limiting rack is provided with a protrusion clamped outside the fork opening.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can accurately prop open the vertebral body, adjust the rotation angle of the vertebral body, is suitable for the reduction operation of cervical kyphosis with different degrees, effectively solves the problem that the traditional prop-open device can not rotate the vertebral body for reduction in the anterior cervical surgery, improves the universality of the reduction device, greatly reduces the operation difficulty and improves the success rate of the operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom cross-sectional view of the left rotatable jaw portion of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front end configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front end configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view illustrating a portion a of fig. 6;

fig. 8 is a partially enlarged schematic view illustrating a portion B in fig. 6.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the 3D printed rotary locking type cervical vertebra repositor according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a left distraction nail 10, a right distraction nail 20, a left rotatable forceps head 11, a right rotatable forceps head 21, a left forceps body 14, a right forceps body 24, a limiting rack 3, a limiting elastic sheet 4 and a forceps body limiting mechanism.

The left distraction nail 10 and the right distraction nail 20 are respectively sleeved in the ends of the left rotatable tong head 11 and the right rotatable tong head 21.

As shown in fig. 1, the left forceps body 14 includes a left ratchet wheel 141 and a left forceps handle 142, the left ratchet wheel 141 is disposed at the upper end of the left forceps handle 142 and is integrally formed therebetween by a 3D printing technology, the right forceps body 24 includes a right ratchet wheel 241 and a right forceps handle 242, the right ratchet wheel 241 is disposed at the upper end of the right forceps handle 242 and is integrally formed therebetween by the 3D printing technology, the upper portions of the left forceps handle 142 and the right forceps handle 242 are arc-shaped, the clamping area is effectively increased, and the assistance vertebral body is favorably expanded.

The left rotatable binding clip and the right rotatable binding clip are respectively rotatably positioned and arranged on the ratchet wheel through the binding clip limiting mechanism.

The clamp body limiting mechanism is composed of a limiting rack 3 and a limiting elastic sheet 4, a groove is formed in the lower portion of the right clamp handle 242, a groove hole is formed in the lower portion of the left clamp handle 142, the limiting rack 3 penetrates through the groove hole to be hinged to the right clamp handle 242 at the groove position, the lower end of the limiting elastic sheet 4 is fixedly connected with the inner side face of the lower portion of the right clamp handle 242, the other end of the limiting elastic sheet protrudes outwards and is provided with a U-shaped fork 243, the fork 243 and the right clamp handle 242 have an elastic deformation interval, a protrusion 31 clamped outside the fork is arranged at the lower end of the root portion of the limiting rack, and as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the left clamp handle 142 is provided with a limiting convex tooth 143 clamped with the limiting rack 3.

After the adjacent vertebral bodies are propped open, the clamp bodies are locked under the action of the limiting elastic sheet 4, the structural design is ingenious, the manufacturing is simple through a 3D printing technology, and the requirement for propping open the two adjacent vertebral bodies can be met.

More preferably, the limiting rack 3 is of an arc-shaped structure, and the end of the limiting rack is provided with the pressing surface 32, so that the limiting rack can be matched with the opening radian of the left caliper body 14, and the limiting rack 3 can be conveniently moved downwards to enable the convex teeth 143 to be separated from the meshing relation with the limiting rack 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the left rotatable jaw 11 includes a left jaw front end 111, a left jaw rear end 112, and a left jaw handle 113, which are integrally formed by 3D printing technology, and the right rotatable jaw 21 includes a right jaw front end 211, a right jaw rear end 212, and a right jaw handle 213, which are integrally formed by 3D printing technology. The left forceps head front end 111 and the left forceps head rear end 112 form an included angle of 90 degrees, and the right forceps head front end 211 and the right forceps head rear end 212 form an included angle of 90 degrees, so that the restorer can extend into an operation incision conveniently.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a slot for rotating the left rotatable jaw 11 is formed at the upper end of the left ratchet wheel 141, the left rotatable jaw 11 is connected to the left ratchet wheel 141 through the slot, a slot for rotating the right rotatable jaw 21 is formed at the upper end of the right ratchet wheel 241, and the right rotatable jaw 21 is connected to the right ratchet wheel 241 through the slot. The middle part of the left clamp body 14 is hinged with the middle part of the right clamp body 24, and the left clamp body 14 and the right clamp body 24 are in an X shape, so that the opening and the restoration of adjacent vertebral bodies are facilitated.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, preferably, the left bit rear end 112 and the right bit rear end 212 are both of the same structure, taking the left bit rear end 112 as an example, the end surface of the left bit rear end 112 has a limiting block 114 extending downward, a limiting groove 144 is provided on the wheel surface of the left ratchet wheel 141, the limiting block 114 is located in the limiting groove 144, a rotating column 145 extends from the top surface of the left ratchet wheel 141, a through groove 146 is provided on the side surface of the rotating column 145, a fixing shaft radially penetrates through the left bit rear end 112, and when the left bit rear end is rotatably sleeved on the rotating column 145, the fixing shaft penetrates through the through groove 146 to perform the functions of installation, fixation and rotation limitation.

The forceps head rotation locking mechanism is composed of a clamping piece 12(22), a ratchet wheel 141(241), a forceps head handle 113(213) and an assistant handle 13 (23). The left and right clamping pieces 12 and 22 are hinged with the left and right forceps head handles 113 and 213 respectively, a helical spring is arranged at the hinged position, the left and right clamping pieces 12 and 22 are respectively engaged with the left and right ratchet wheels 141 and 241 under the action of the spring force, the left and right clamping pieces 12 and 22 are locked under the action of the left and right ratchet wheels 141 and 241 to prevent the left and right rotatable forceps heads 11 and 21 from rotating, the left and right power handles 13 and 23 are hinged with the left and right forceps head handles 113 and 213 respectively, the left and right clamping pieces 12 and 22 are pressed and the left and right power handles 13 and 23 are pulled to drive the left and right rotatable forceps heads 11 and 21 to drive the left and right distraction nails 10 and 20 to rotate, the structure is ingenious in design and simple in manufacture, and can meet the requirement of vertebral body rotation reset

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the process of opening the vertebral body, the left and right opening nails 10 and 20 are respectively driven into two adjacent vertebral bodies with cervical kyphosis, the front ends 111 and 211 of the left and right forceps heads are respectively sleeved into the left and right opening nails 10 and 20, then the limit rack 3 is pressed to separate the limit rack 3 from the clamping protrusion on the left forceps handle 142, the left and right forceps heads 11 and 21 are driven to open by rotating the left and right forceps handles 142 and 242, so that the left and right opening nails are relatively separated to open the two adjacent vertebral bodies, after the vertebral bodies are opened to the required position, the limit rack 3 is released to engage the limit rack 3 with the clamping protrusion on the left forceps handle 142, and the left and right forceps bodies 14 and 24 are locked by the action of the limit elastic sheet 4, so that the adjacent vertebral bodies are kept to be opened and fixed, thereby facilitating the subsequent rotary restoration operation of the vertebral bodies. In the process of rotating the cone, after two adjacent vertebral bodies are unfolded, the left clamping piece 12 is pressed and the left power-assisted handle 13 is pulled to enable the left rotatable tong head 11 to drive the left unfolding nail 10 to rotate rightwards, the right clamping piece 22 is pressed and the right power-assisted handle 23 is pulled to enable the right rotatable tong head 21 to drive the right unfolding nail 20 to rotate leftwards, so that the two adjacent vertebral bodies are rotated and reset to required positions, the resetting operation is completed, the operation time is effectively shortened, and the operation difficulty and risk are reduced.

While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.