阅读说明：本技术 一种利用微波直接还原处理废弃crt玻璃的方法 (Method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwaves ) 是由 王俊鹏 陈裕瀚 刘畅 张德琦 冯锡炜 于 2021-10-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于工业固体废弃物处理领域,特别涉及一种利用微波直接还原处理废弃CRT玻璃的方法,(1)将废弃CRT玻璃、高铅渣和无烟煤分别破碎、细磨；(2)将细磨后的废弃CRT玻璃、高铅渣、无烟煤和氧化钙按照一定比例混合均匀；(3)将混合后的物料放入到微波炉中进行加热还原,加热结束后自然冷却至室温,得到粗铅和还原铅渣。将废弃CRT玻璃和高铅渣混合物料进行微波还原,使用的原料成本更低,并且由于微波的加热速度快和选择性加热的特点,可以有效缩短处理时间,降低处理能耗,也从根本上解决了铅污染的问题。(The invention belongs to the field of industrial solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating waste CRT glass by microwave direct reduction, which comprises the following steps of (1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT glass, high lead slag and anthracite; (2) uniformly mixing the finely ground waste CRT glass, high lead slag, anthracite and calcium oxide according to a certain proportion; (3) and (3) putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven for heating reduction, and naturally cooling to room temperature after heating to obtain crude lead and reduced lead slag. The microwave reduction is carried out on the mixed material of the waste CRT glass and the high lead slag, the used raw material cost is lower, and due to the characteristics of high heating speed and selective heating of the microwave, the treatment time can be effectively shortened, the treatment energy consumption is reduced, and the problem of lead pollution is fundamentally solved.)

1. A method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT glass, the high lead slag and the anthracite;

(2) uniformly mixing the finely ground waste CRT glass, the high lead slag, the anthracite and the calcium oxide;

(3) and putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven, heating and reducing the materials in an inert atmosphere, and naturally cooling the materials to room temperature to obtain crude lead and reduced lead slag.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste CRT glass in the step (1) has a PbO mass percentage of 15-25%.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of PbO in the high lead slag in the step (1) is more than 50%.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the materials in the step (1) are finely ground to a mass percentage of less than 0.075mm size fraction greater than 70%.

5. The method for direct reduction treatment of waste CRT glass by microwave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the waste CRT glass added in the step (2) is 15% -30% of the mass of the high lead slag; the addition amount of the calcium oxide is 2 to 10 percent of the mass of the high lead slag; the molar ratio of carbon in the anthracite to the total PbO in the waste CRT glass and the high lead slag is 0.6-1.2: 1.

6. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave heating power in the reduction process of step (3) is 1-4 kW, the reduction temperature is 1050-1250 ℃, and the reduction time is 50-90 min.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the inert gas atmosphere in the step (3) is argon.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead recovery rate of the method is 93% or more.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of industrial solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave direct reduction.

Background

Nowadays, China has become the biggest electronic product producing country and consumer country in the world, a great amount of waste displays need to be scrapped every year, a great amount of waste CRT glass is generated, the lead content in the waste CRT glass is high, and serious harm is caused to the health of human beings and the natural environment, so the treatment of the waste CRT glass becomes one of the important problems in the treatment of electronic waste in China.

The existing treatment mode of the waste CRT glass is mainly concentrated in three fields of building material application, hydrometallurgy technology and pyrometallurgy technology. The waste CRT glass is applied to building materials, lead metal in the lead-containing glass also enters the building materials, potential risks cannot be avoided, and lead resources are wasted; the hydrometallurgy technology has the defects of complex process flow, long treatment time, small treatment capacity and the like, and is difficult to realize large-scale production; the pyrometallurgical technique is more widely applied to the treatment of the waste CRT glass, the key point of the method is to mix the waste CRT glass with other auxiliary agents, add a reducing agent, and carry out reduction smelting at high temperature to obtain crude lead or lead oxide, but the traditional pyrometallurgical treatment method has higher treatment cost and limits the treatment capacity of the waste CRT glass.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by microwaves.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT glass, the high lead slag and the anthracite;

(2) uniformly mixing the finely ground waste CRT glass, the high lead slag, the anthracite and the calcium oxide;

(3) and putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven, heating and reducing the materials in an inert atmosphere, and naturally cooling the materials to room temperature to obtain crude lead and reduced lead slag.

Further, the mass percentage of PbO in the waste CRT glass in the step (1) is 15-25%.

Further, the mass percentage of PbO in the high lead slag in the step (1) is more than 50%.

Further, the materials in the step (1) are respectively finely ground to a mass percentage content of less than 0.075mm size fraction of more than 70%.

Further, the adding amount of the waste CRT glass in the step (2) is 15-30% of the mass of the high lead slag; the addition amount of the calcium oxide is 2 to 10 percent of the mass of the high lead slag; the molar ratio of carbon in the anthracite to the total PbO in the waste CRT glass and the high lead slag is 0.6-1.2: 1.

further, the microwave heating power in the reduction process in the step (3) is 1-4 kW, the reduction temperature is 1050-1250 ℃, and the reduction time is 50-90 min.

Further, the inert atmosphere in the step (3) is argon.

Furthermore, the lead recovery rate of the method is more than 93%.

Compared with the existing waste CRT glass treatment method, the method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the lead existing form in the high lead slag is lead silicate (PbO. SiO)₂) Mainly, lead in the waste CRT glass is also lead silicate (PbO. SiO)₂) The two forms have high similarity, and the mixing of the two forms according to the proportion and the reduction of the anthracite coal serving as a reducing agent are feasible. Meanwhile, the waste CRT glass contains a large amount of silicon dioxide, and can replace quartz sand adopted in the traditional smelting process. Compared with the method of adding other auxiliary agents, the method reduces the waste CRT glass and high lead slag mixed material, has lower cost of raw materials, can efficiently treat the waste CRT glass, and fundamentally solves the problem of lead pollution.

(2) Lead oxide in waste CRT glass and high-lead slag has good microwave dielectric property, can be rapidly heated in the reaction process, and can be subjected to reduction reaction with anthracite, so that the time of the reduction reaction is shortened, and the recovery efficiency of lead is higher.

(3) Due to the characteristics of high heating speed and selective heating of the microwave, the microwave reduction process can effectively shorten the treatment time of the waste CRT glass, reduce the treatment energy consumption and is beneficial to realizing large-scale production.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The chemical components (wt%) of the waste CRT glass in the embodiment of the invention are as follows: SiO 2₂:55.28％；PbO:21.17％；

K₂O:7.77％；Na₂O:5.28％；Al₂O₃:3.88％；CaO:3.73％；MgO:2.89％。

The chemical components (wt%) of the high-lead slag in the embodiment of the invention are as follows: 62.26 percent of PbO; 10.73 percent of ZnO; 7.87 percent of TFe; SiO 2₂:6.97％；MgO:2.88％；CaO:0.98％。

In the embodiment of the invention, the calcium oxide is analytically pure, and the fixed carbon content of the anthracite is 86.28 wt%.

Example 1:

a method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT conical glass, the high lead slag and the anthracite until the mass percentage of the particle size smaller than 0.075mm is more than 70%;

(2) weighing 60g of finely ground waste CRT glass, 400g of high lead slag, 10g of anthracite and 8g of calcium oxide, and putting into a mixing tank for uniformly mixing;

(3) and (2) putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven for heating reduction, wherein the microwave heating power is 1kW, the reduction temperature is 1050 ℃, the reduction time is 90min, argon is introduced during the reduction process, the materials are naturally cooled to room temperature after heating is finished, crude lead and reduced lead slag are obtained, and the lead recovery rate is 93.87% under the condition.

Example 2:

a method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT conical glass, the high lead slag and the anthracite until the mass percentage of the particle size smaller than 0.075mm is more than 70%;

(2) uniformly mixing 125g of finely ground waste CRT glass, 500g of high lead slag, 25g of anthracite and 50g of calcium oxide;

(3) and (2) putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven for heating reduction, wherein the microwave heating power is 2kW, the reduction temperature is 1100 ℃, the reduction time is 80min, argon is introduced during the reduction process, the materials are naturally cooled to room temperature after heating is finished, crude lead and reduced lead slag are obtained, and the lead recovery rate is 94.12% under the condition.

Example 3:

a method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT conical glass, the high lead slag and the anthracite until the mass percentage of the particle size smaller than 0.075mm is more than 70%;

(2) uniformly mixing 120g of finely ground waste CRT glass, 600g of high lead slag, 20g of anthracite and 30g of calcium oxide;

(3) and (2) putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven for heating reduction, wherein the microwave heating power is 3kW, the reduction temperature is 1200 ℃, the reduction time is 60min, argon is introduced during the reduction process, the materials are naturally cooled to room temperature after heating is finished, crude lead and reduced lead slag are obtained, and the lead recovery rate is 94.54% under the condition.

Example 4:

a method for directly reducing and treating waste CRT glass by utilizing microwave comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively crushing and finely grinding the waste CRT conical glass, the high lead slag and the anthracite until the mass percentage of the particle size smaller than 0.075mm is more than 70%;

(2) uniformly mixing 150g of finely ground waste CRT glass, 800g of high lead slag, 30g of anthracite and 50g of calcium oxide;

(3) and (2) putting the mixed materials into a microwave oven for heating reduction, wherein the microwave heating power is 4kW, the reduction temperature is 1250 ℃, the reduction time is 50min, argon is introduced during the reduction process, the materials are naturally cooled to room temperature after heating is finished, crude lead and reduced lead slag are obtained, and the recovery rate of lead is 95.23% under the condition.

The technical idea of the present invention is described in the above technical solutions, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes and modifications made to the above technical solutions according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.