阅读说明：本技术 一种混合燃料流化燃烧方法和装置 (Mixed fuel fluidized combustion method and device ) 是由 苏德 于 2021-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例公开了一种混合燃料流化燃烧方法和装置,该方法包括：利用流化燃烧装置燃烧包含中药药渣和水煤浆的混合燃料；其中,所述中药药渣在所述混合燃料中的质量占比的范围为0.2～0.4。该装置包括：燃烧室、挤压粉碎器、燃料混合器、烘干换热器和烟气净化装置。通过使用含中药药渣和水煤浆的混合燃料进行流化燃烧,大规模降低了电厂的煤炭使用量,大幅降低了企业运行成本,提高了企业竞争力和生存力。(The embodiment of the invention discloses a fluidized combustion method and a fluidized combustion device for mixed fuel, wherein the method comprises the following steps: burning a mixed fuel containing traditional Chinese medicine dregs and coal water slurry by using a fluidized combustion device; wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel is 0.2-0.4. The device includes: the device comprises a combustion chamber, an extrusion crusher, a fuel mixer, a drying heat exchanger and a flue gas purification device. The mixed fuel containing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the coal water slurry is used for fluidized combustion, so that the coal usage amount of a power plant is reduced on a large scale, the operation cost of an enterprise is greatly reduced, and the competitiveness and the viability of the enterprise are improved.)

1. A method of mixed fuel fluidized combustion, the method comprising:

burning a mixed fuel containing traditional Chinese medicine dregs and coal water slurry by using a fluidized combustion device;

wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel is 0.2-0.4.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized combustion device is used to control the combustion temperature of the mixed fuel to be 850-900 ℃.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the coal-water slurry is prepared from coal having a calorific value in the range of 2500kcal/kg to 5500 kcal/kg.

4. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the burning of the mixed fuel containing the herb medicine residues and the coal water slurry by the fluidized combustion apparatus comprises:

feeding the mixed fuel into a fluidized bed in a combustion chamber of the fluidized combustion device, wherein bed materials of the fluidized bed are formed by mixing quartz sand and limestone; the ratio of the quartz sand to the limestone is determined according to the sulfur content of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dregs, and the ratio of the quartz sand to the limestone is used for enabling the mass ratio of calcium to sulfur substances in the fluidized combustion device to be 2-3.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the combusting the mixed fuel containing the herb medicine residues and the coal water slurry by using the fluidized combustion device further comprises:

when the combustion is started, firstly, an external heat source is used for heating the bed material, and the bed material is in a fluidized state by adjusting the air supply amount;

and after the temperature of the bed material rises to above 550 ℃, uniformly feeding the mixed fuel from the top or the side wall of the combustion chamber, suspending the mixed fuel in the combustion chamber for fluidized suspension combustion, and raising the operating temperature of the fluidized bed to 850-900 ℃ in the combustion process of the mixed fuel.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat generated by the combustion of the mixed fuel can be transferred to the working media in the heating surfaces of each stage, the heated working media can be used as a heat source for production or a power source of a steam turbine, and the generated kinetic energy further drives a generator to generate electricity.

7. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 6, wherein before the combusting the mixed fuel containing the herb residues and the coal water slurry by the fluidized combustion device, the method further comprises:

and extruding, crushing and drying the decoction dreg raw materials, wherein the particle diameter range of the treated decoction dreg raw materials is 0.5-1 CM, and the water content is not higher than 45%.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

and drying the herb residue raw material by using the flue gas output by the fluidized combustion device.

9. A mixed fuel fluidized combustion apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a combustion chamber, an extrusion crusher, a fuel mixer, a drying heat exchanger and a flue gas purification device;

the extrusion crusher is provided with a medicine residue feeding hole and a medicine residue discharging hole, the medicine residue discharging hole is connected with the drying heat exchanger, a medicine residue processing pipeline and a flue gas processing passage are arranged in the drying heat exchanger, two ends of the medicine residue processing pipeline are respectively connected with the medicine residue discharging hole and the fuel mixer, and the flue gas processing passage is respectively connected with the combustion chamber and the flue gas purification device;

the extrusion crusher is used for extruding and crushing the raw materials of the medicine residues;

the drying heat exchanger is used for drying the medicine residue raw materials passing through the medicine residue processing pipeline by using hot smoke in the smoke processing passage;

the fuel mixer is also provided with a coal water slurry feeding port and is used for preparing the mixed fuel according to the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel to the mixed fuel; the fuel mixer is connected with the combustion chamber.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: a feedback burnout component;

the feedback burnout component comprises a recovery pipeline and a booster fan; the first inlet of the recovery pipeline is connected with the upper part of the combustion chamber, and the second inlet of the recovery pipeline is connected with the lower part of the combustion chamber;

the recovery pipeline is used for recovering the incompletely combusted mixed fuel particle group to the combustion chamber under the action of gravity; the booster fan is used for inputting airflow into the recovery pipeline so as to enable the mixed fuel particle group to be suspended in the combustion chamber.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a fluidized combustion method and a fluidized combustion device for mixed fuel.

Background

Due to the influence of adverse factors such as uneven distribution of coal, insufficient transportation capacity and the like, coal supply of many thermal power plants in China has problems, and in addition, with the rapid rise of primary energy prices of coal and the like, the power generation cost of the thermal power plants rises rapidly, enterprises urgently need to find a method for saving coal and reducing the power generation cost to reduce the operation cost and improve the competitiveness and viability of the enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a fluidized combustion method and a fluidized combustion device for mixed fuel, which can reduce the coal consumption of a power plant in a large scale, improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel, greatly reduce the operation cost of an enterprise and improve the competitiveness and the viability of the enterprise.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of mixed fuel fluidized combustion, the method comprising:

burning a mixed fuel containing traditional Chinese medicine dregs and coal water slurry by using a fluidized combustion device;

wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel is 0.2-0.4.

The coal water slurry is added with the traditional Chinese medicine dregs for fluidized combustion, so that the use amount of coal can be greatly reduced.

In one possible implementation manner, the fluidized combustion device is used for controlling the combustion temperature of the mixed fuel to be 850-900 ℃.

The method has the advantages that the low-temperature combustion can avoid the coking of the fuel due to high temperature; the fluidized bed has low operation temperature and can avoid thermal NO_xIs generated.

In one possible implementation, the coal-water slurry is made from coal having a calorific value in the range of 2500kcal/kg to 5500 kcal/kg.

The method has the advantages of low requirement on the quality of the coal and capability of saving the cost.

In one possible implementation manner, the burning of the mixed fuel containing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the coal water slurry by using the fluidized combustion device includes:

feeding the mixed fuel into a fluidized bed in a combustion chamber of the fluidized combustion device, wherein bed materials of the fluidized bed are formed by mixing quartz sand and limestone; the ratio of the quartz sand to the limestone is determined according to the sulfur content of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dregs, and the ratio of the quartz sand to the limestone is used for enabling the mass ratio of calcium to sulfur substances in the fluidized combustion device to be 2-3.

The advantage of this is that the limestone is transportedCan be calcined at the line temperature to generate CaO, CaO and SO in the flue gas₂Reaction to produce CaSO₄Can greatly reduce SO₂And (4) discharging.

In a possible implementation manner, the burning, by using the fluidized combustion apparatus, a mixed fuel containing traditional Chinese medicine dregs and coal water slurry further includes:

when the combustion is started, firstly, an external heat source is used for heating the bed material, and the bed material is in a fluidized state by adjusting the air supply amount;

and after the temperature of the bed material rises to above 550 ℃, uniformly feeding the mixed fuel from the top or the side wall of the combustion chamber, suspending the mixed fuel in the combustion chamber for fluidized suspension combustion, and raising the operating temperature of the fluidized bed to 850-900 ℃ in the combustion process of the mixed fuel.

The advantage of this is that a temperature of 550 c ensures that the mixed fuel starts to burn. The furnace temperature of 850-900 ℃ can avoid coking. Furthermore, heat generated by combustion of the mixed fuel can be transferred to working media in all levels of heating surfaces, the heated working media are used as heat sources for production or power sources of steam turbines, and generated kinetic energy further pushes the generator to generate electricity.

In one possible implementation manner, before the combusting the mixed fuel containing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the coal water slurry by using the fluidized combustion device, the method further comprises the following steps:

and extruding, crushing and drying the decoction dreg raw materials, wherein the particle diameter range of the treated decoction dreg raw materials is 0.5-1 CM, and the water content is not higher than 45%.

The method has the advantages that the range of the particle diameter of the processed decoction dreg raw materials is 0.5-1 CM, the water content is not higher than 45%, the transmission of the decoction dregs in a decoction dreg processing pipeline is facilitated, and the combustion-supporting effect of the decoction dregs can be improved simultaneously.

In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

and drying the herb residue raw material by using the flue gas output by the fluidized combustion device.

The adoption of the mode has the advantage that the energy utilization efficiency can be improved by utilizing the flue gas to dry the herb residue raw materials.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a mixed fuel fluidized combustion apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a combustion chamber, an extrusion crusher, a fuel mixer, a drying heat exchanger and a flue gas purification device;

the extrusion crusher is provided with a medicine residue feeding hole and a medicine residue discharging hole, the medicine residue discharging hole is connected with the drying heat exchanger, a medicine residue processing pipeline and a flue gas processing passage are arranged in the drying heat exchanger, two ends of the medicine residue processing pipeline are respectively connected with the medicine residue discharging hole and the fuel mixer, and the flue gas processing passage is respectively connected with the combustion chamber and the flue gas purification device;

the extrusion crusher is used for extruding and crushing the raw materials of the medicine residues;

the drying heat exchanger is used for drying the medicine residue raw materials passing through the medicine residue processing pipeline by using hot smoke in the smoke processing passage;

the fuel mixer is also provided with a coal water slurry feeding port and is used for preparing the mixed fuel according to the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel to the mixed fuel; the fuel mixer is connected with the combustion chamber.

The adoption of the arrangement has the advantages that the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are suitable for low-temperature combustion, nearly half of Ca, K and Na elements are deposited in the bottom dregs and the fly ash, but a large amount of heavy metal elements such as Cr, Cd, Pb, Sn and the like are discharged along with the flue gas, so that the method needs to be provided with a flue gas purification device.

In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes: a feedback burnout component;

the feedback burnout component comprises a recovery pipeline and a booster fan; the first inlet of the recovery pipeline is connected with the upper part of the combustion chamber, and the second inlet of the recovery pipeline is connected with the lower part of the combustion chamber;

the recovery pipeline is used for recovering the incompletely combusted mixed fuel particle group to the combustion chamber under the action of gravity; the booster fan is used for inputting airflow into the recovery pipeline so as to enable the mixed fuel particle group to be suspended in the combustion chamber.

The incompletely combusted mixed fuel particles are collected through the recovery pipeline and continuously combusted in the combustion chamber, so that the mixed fuel can be combusted more fully, and the utilization efficiency of the fuel is improved.

In one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes: a temperature monitoring device for monitoring the temperature of the vicinity of the fluidized bed in the combustion chamber.

According to the fluidized combustion method and the fluidized combustion device for the mixed fuel, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the mixed fuel containing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the coal water slurry is used for fluidized combustion, so that the coal usage amount of a power plant is reduced on a large scale, the operation cost of an enterprise is greatly reduced, and the competitiveness and the viability of the enterprise are improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixed fuel fluidized combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a combustion chamber; 2-extruding the pulverizer;

3-a fuel mixer; 4-drying the heat exchanger;

5-a flue gas purification device; 6-medicine dreg processing pipeline;

7-a breather pipe; 8-flue gas treatment path;

9-a recovery pipeline; 10-an assisted fan;

11-an air pump; 12-a medicine residue feeder;

13-a coal water slurry feeder; 14-bed material feeder;

15-fluidized bed.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

Example one

The embodiment of the invention provides a mixed fuel fluidized combustion method, wherein the method can comprise the following steps:

burning a mixed fuel containing traditional Chinese medicine dregs and coal water slurry by using a fluidized combustion device; wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel is 0.2-0.4.

The coal water slurry is added with the traditional Chinese medicine dregs for fluidized combustion, so that the use amount of coal can be greatly reduced.

In an alternative embodiment, the fluidized combustion device is used for controlling the combustion temperature of the mixed fuel to be 850-900 ℃.

It should be noted that low temperature combustion can avoid fuel coking due to high temperature; the fluidized bed has low operation temperature and can avoid thermal NO_xIs generated.

In an alternative embodiment, the coal-water slurry is made from coal having a heating value in the range of 2500kcal/kg to 5500 kcal/kg.

It should be noted that the combustion method has low requirements on the quality of coal, and can save cost.

In an alternative embodiment, the burning of the mixed fuel containing the herb medicine residues and the coal water slurry by using the fluidized combustion device comprises:

feeding the mixed fuel into a fluidized bed in a combustion chamber of the fluidized combustion device, wherein bed materials of the fluidized bed are formed by mixing quartz sand and limestone; the ratio of the quartz sand to the limestone is determined according to the sulfur content of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dregs, and the ratio of the quartz sand to the limestone is used for enabling the mass ratio of calcium to sulfur substances in the fluidized combustion device to be 2-3.

It should be noted that limestone can be calcined at the operating temperature to produce CaO, CaO and SO in the flue gas₂Reaction to produce CaSO₄Can greatly reduce SO₂And (4) discharging.

In an optional embodiment, the burning, by using the fluidized combustion apparatus, the mixed fuel containing the herb medicine residues and the coal water slurry further comprises:

when the combustion is started, firstly, an external heat source is used for heating the bed material, and the bed material is in a fluidized state by adjusting the air supply amount;

and after the temperature of the bed material rises to above 550 ℃, uniformly feeding the mixed fuel from the top or the side wall of the combustion chamber, suspending the mixed fuel in the combustion chamber for fluidized suspension combustion, and raising the operating temperature of the fluidized bed to 850-900 ℃ in the combustion process of the mixed fuel.

It should be noted that the 550 c temperature ensures that the mixed fuel starts to burn. The furnace temperature of 850-900 ℃ can avoid coking.

In addition, the heat generated by the combustion of the mixed fuel can be transferred to working media in all levels of heating surfaces, the heated working media are used as a heat source for production or a power source of a steam turbine, and the generated kinetic energy further pushes a generator to generate electricity.

In an alternative embodiment, before the combusting the mixed fuel containing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the coal water slurry by using the fluidized combustion device, the method further comprises the following steps:

and extruding, crushing and drying the decoction dreg raw materials, wherein the particle diameter range of the treated decoction dreg raw materials is 0.5-1 CM, and the water content is not higher than 45%.

The decoction dreg raw materials are extruded, crushed and dried, the particle diameter range of the treated decoction dreg raw materials is 0.5-1 CM, the water content is not higher than 45%, the decoction dreg is favorably conveyed in a decoction dreg treatment pipeline, and the combustion-supporting effect of the decoction dreg raw materials can be improved.

In an optional embodiment, the method may further comprise:

and drying the herb residue raw material by using the flue gas output by the fluidized combustion device.

The flue gas is used for drying the medicine residue raw material, so that the energy utilization efficiency can be improved.

Example two

The embodiment of the invention provides a mixed fuel fluidized combustion device.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixed fuel fluidized combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus may include: the device comprises a combustion chamber 1, an extrusion crusher 2, a fuel mixer 3, a drying heat exchanger 4 and a flue gas purification device 5;

the extrusion crusher 2 is provided with a medicine residue feeding hole and a medicine residue discharging hole, the medicine residue discharging hole is connected with the drying heat exchanger 4, a medicine residue processing pipeline 6 and a flue gas processing passage 8 are arranged in the drying heat exchanger 4, two ends of the medicine residue processing pipeline 6 are respectively connected with the medicine residue discharging hole and the fuel mixer 3, and the flue gas processing passage 8 is respectively connected with the combustion chamber 1 and the flue gas purification device 5;

the extrusion crusher 2 is used for extruding and crushing the herb residue raw materials;

the drying heat exchanger 4 is used for drying the medicine residue raw material passing through the medicine residue processing pipeline 6 by using hot smoke in the smoke processing passage 8;

the fuel mixer 3 is also provided with a coal water slurry feeding port, and the fuel mixer 3 is used for preparing the mixed fuel according to the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs in the mixed fuel to the mixed fuel; the fuel mixer 3 is connected to the combustion chamber 1.

In an optional embodiment, the herb residue processing pipeline 6 includes an upper trapezoid trough, a lower trapezoid trough and a plurality of transmission inclined pipes, an inlet of the upper trapezoid trough is connected to the extrusion crusher 2, a lower bottom of the upper trapezoid trough is inclined toward an outlet and connected to an inlet of the transmission inclined pipe, an outlet of the transmission inclined pipe is connected to an inlet of the lower trapezoid trough, and a lower bottom of the lower trapezoid trough is inclined toward an outlet and connected to the fuel mixer 3.

In an optional embodiment, a vent pipe 7 extending out of the drying heat exchanger 4 is further connected above the herb residue processing pipeline 6, and the vent pipe 7 is used for discharging water vapor released by the herb residue raw material in the herb residue processing pipeline 6 during the drying process.

In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise: a feedback burnout component;

the feedback burnout component can comprise a recovery pipeline 9 and a booster fan 10; a first inlet of the recovery pipeline 9 is connected with the upper part of the combustion chamber, and a second inlet of the recovery pipeline is connected with the lower part of the combustion chamber 1;

the recovery pipeline 9 is used for recovering incompletely combusted mixed fuel particle groups to the combustion chamber 1 under the action of gravity; the booster fan 10 is used to introduce an air flow into the recovery duct 9 to suspend the mass of mixed fuel particles in the combustion chamber 1.

The incompletely combusted mixed fuel particles are collected through the recovery pipeline and continuously combusted in the combustion chamber, so that the mixed fuel can be combusted more fully, and the utilization efficiency of the fuel is improved.

In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise: and the air pump 11 is used for providing primary air for the combustion chamber 1 so as to enable the mixed fuel to carry out fluidized suspension combustion.

In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise: the device comprises a medicine residue feeder 12, a coal water slurry feeder 13 and a bed material feeder 14, wherein the medicine residue feeder 12 is connected with the extrusion crusher 2 and used for providing original traditional Chinese medicine residues; the coal water slurry feeder 13 is connected with the fuel mixer 3 and is used for the coal water slurry; the bed material feeder 14 is connected with the combustion chamber 1 and used for providing the bed material for a fluidized bed 15.

In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise: temperature monitoring means (not shown) for monitoring the temperature of the adjacent region of the fluidized bed in the combustion chamber.

The working principle of the fluidized combustion device provided by the embodiment of the present application is exemplified below.

The fluidized combustion device combusts mixed fuel consisting of traditional Chinese medicine residues and coal water slurry, and the recovery pipeline recovers unburnt mixed fuel particle groups carried out by hot flue gas to the combustion chamber to realize the circular combustion of the mixed fuel particle groups; the drying heat exchanger is used for drying the medicine residue raw material passing through the medicine residue processing pipeline by using hot smoke in the smoke processing passage; the flue gas purification device is arranged at the outlet of a flue gas treatment passage of the drying heat exchanger, and is used for further carrying out desulfurization and denitration treatment on the flue gas, removing toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metal in the flue gas and discharging the flue gas into the atmosphere. It should be noted that the heat generated by the combustion of the mixed fuel is transferred to the working medium in each stage of the heating surface, the heated working medium is used as a heat source for production or a power source of a steam turbine, and the kinetic energy generated by the steam turbine further pushes the generator to generate electricity.

According to the fluidized combustion method and the fluidized combustion device for the mixed fuel, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the mixed fuel containing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and the coal water slurry is used for fluidized combustion, so that the coal usage amount of a power plant is reduced on a large scale, the operation cost of an enterprise is greatly reduced, and the competitiveness and the viability of the enterprise are improved.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.