阅读说明：本技术 一种叶片榫头的拉削加工工装 (Broaching machining tool for blade tenon ) 是由 林绿高 于 2021-11-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种叶片榫头的拉削加工工装,包括：工作台；工装夹具,设于工作台上,包括固定座、仿形夹具以及具有中心轴线的回转座,回转座以能绕自身中心轴线旋转的方式设于固定座上；辅助支撑装置,包括第一支撑块和第二支撑块,第一支撑块及第二支撑块均活动设于回转座上,并能相对叶片榫头靠近或远离,从而至少具有第一状态和第二状态：在第一状态下,第一支撑块朝向叶片榫头移动,并抵在叶片榫头的端面上,第二支撑块相对叶片榫头的侧面区域远离；在第二状态下,第二支撑块朝向叶片榫头移动,并抵在叶片榫头的侧面上,第二支撑块相对叶片榫头的端面区域远离。该拉削加工工装能实现对叶片的牢靠装夹、简化叶片榫头加工工序,有效提高生产效率。(The invention relates to a broaching machining tool for a blade tenon, which comprises: a work table; the fixture clamp is arranged on the workbench and comprises a fixed seat, a profiling clamp and a rotary seat with a central axis, and the rotary seat is arranged on the fixed seat in a manner of rotating around the central axis of the rotary seat; auxiliary supporting device, including first supporting shoe and second supporting shoe, first supporting shoe and second supporting shoe all move about and locate on the roating seat to can be close to or keep away from relative blade tenon, thereby have first state and second state at least: in a first state, the first supporting block moves towards the blade tenon and abuts against the end face of the blade tenon, and the second supporting block is far away from the side area of the blade tenon; in the second state, the second supporting block moves towards the blade tenon and abuts against the side face of the blade tenon, and the end face area of the second supporting block relative to the blade tenon is far away. The broaching machining tool can firmly clamp the blade, simplify the machining process of the blade tenon and effectively improve the production efficiency.)

1. The utility model provides a broaching processing frock of blade tenon which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a table (20);

the tool fixture is arranged on the workbench (20) and comprises a fixed seat (30), a profiling fixture (40) and a rotary seat (50) with a central axis (O), the rotary seat (50) is arranged on the fixed seat (30) in a manner of rotating around the central axis (O), the profiling fixture (40) comprises a profiling block structure for clamping a blade body (11) of a blade workpiece (10) to be machined, the profiling block structure is arranged on the rotary seat (50) and can rotate along with the rotary seat (50) so as to adjust the broaching angle of a blade tenon (12) placed in place on the profiling fixture (40), and different regions to be broached on the blade tenon (12) are sequentially positioned on corresponding broaching paths;

the auxiliary supporting device comprises a first supporting block (62) and a second supporting block (72) which are arranged on the rotary seat (50) and can rotate along with the rotary seat (50), wherein the first supporting block (62) and the second supporting block (72) are movably arranged on the rotary seat (50) and can be close to or far away from the blade tenon (12), so that the auxiliary supporting device at least has a first state and a second state:

in the first state, the side area (16) of the blade tenon (12) is located on a broaching path, the first support block (62) moves towards the blade tenon (12) and abuts against the end area (17) of the blade tenon (12), and the second support block (72) is far away from the side area (16) of the blade tenon (12);

in the second state, the end surface region (17) and/or the base surface region (18) of the blade pin (12) is located on a broaching path, the second support block (72) is moved toward the blade pin (12) and bears against the lateral surface region (16) of the blade pin (12), and the second support block (72) is moved away from the end surface region (17) of the blade pin (12).

2. The broaching machining tool for the blade tenon of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary supporting device includes:

the first movement mechanism (60) is arranged on the rotary seat (50) and is provided with an output end capable of linearly reciprocating along a line parallel to the central axis (O) of the rotary seat (50), the power output end of the first movement mechanism (60) is provided with a first mounting seat (61), and the first supporting block (62) is movably constrained on the first mounting seat (61) and can be close to or far away from the blade tenon (12) along the radial direction of the rotary seat (50);

a first elastic member (63) acting on the first support block (62) and always enabling the first support block (62) to have a trend of being far away from the blade tenon (12);

the second motion mechanism (70) is arranged on the rotary seat (50) and is provided with an output end capable of linearly reciprocating along a line parallel to the central axis (O) of the rotary seat (50), the power output end of the second motion mechanism (70) is provided with a second mounting seat (71), and the second supporting block (72) is movably constrained on the second mounting seat (71) and can be close to or far away from the blade tenon (12) along the radial direction of the rotary seat (50);

the second elastic piece (73) is arranged on the second supporting block (72), and the second supporting block (72) always tends to be far away from the blade tenon (12);

the first driving mechanism (21) is arranged on one side, close to the rotary seat (50), of the workbench (20) and provided with an output end capable of reciprocating on a straight line parallel to the broaching direction, and when different regions to be broached on the blade tenon (12) are sequentially located on a broaching path, the output end of the first driving mechanism (21) can act on the corresponding first supporting block (62) or second supporting block (72) to enable the output end to correspondingly abut against the side face or end face of the blade tenon (12).

3. The broaching machining tool for the blade tenon of claim 2, wherein: the first mounting seat (61) is provided with a first guide hole (610) arranged along the radial extension of the rotary seat (50), the first supporting block (62) is movably restrained in the first guide hole (610), and the first elastic member (63) is a spring and is abutted between the first supporting block (62) and the rotary seat (50);

the second mounting seat (71) is provided with a second guide hole (710) extending along the radial direction of the rotary seat (50), the second supporting block (72) is movably restrained in the second guide hole (710), and the second elastic element (73) is a spring and is abutted between the second supporting block (72) and the rotary seat (50).

4. The broaching machining tool for the blade tenon of claim 2, wherein: the first movement mechanism (60), the second movement mechanism (70) and the first driving mechanism (21) are all oil cylinders.

5. The broaching machining tool of the blade tenon according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the profiling fixture (40) comprises two profiling blocks which are oppositely arranged at intervals and can be close to or far away from each other, and matching surfaces matched with two opposite wall surfaces on a blade body (11) of a blade workpiece (10) to be processed are arranged on opposite side walls of the two profiling blocks.

6. The broaching machining tool for the blade tenon of claim 5, wherein: the two profiling blocks are respectively a fixed block (41) fixed on the rotary seat (50) and a movable block (42) radially and movably arranged on the rotary seat (50), and the fixed block (41) is arranged close to the central axis (O) of the rotary seat (50).

7. The broaching machining tool of the blade tenon of claim 6, further comprising:

the second driving mechanism (43) is arranged on the rotary seat (50) and is provided with a power output end capable of reciprocating along a straight line parallel to the central axis (O) of the rotary seat (50), and the power output end of the second driving mechanism (43) is in sliding fit with the movable block (42) through an inclined plane, so that the axial movement of the power output end of the second driving mechanism (43) is converted into the radial movement of the movable block (42).

8. The broaching machining tool of the blade tenon of claim 7, wherein: the rotary seat (50) is provided with an installation groove (51) for placing the fixed block (41) and a third guide groove (52) communicated with the installation groove (51), and the movable block (42) is slidably constrained in the third guide groove (52).

9. The broaching machining tool of the blade tenon according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:

the rotary seat driving mechanism (31) is arranged on the fixed seat (30), the rotary seat driving mechanism (31) is provided with a power output end capable of reciprocating along a linear direction perpendicular to the central axis (O) of the rotary seat (50), a rack (311) is arranged on the power output end of the rotary seat driving mechanism (31), a gear (312) coaxially arranged is arranged on the rotary seat (50), and the rack (311) is meshed with the gear (312);

the locking device (32) is arranged on the fixed seat (30) and comprises a third driving mechanism (321) and at least two positioning grooves (3230) arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotary seat (50) at intervals, the third driving mechanism (321) is provided with a power output end capable of moving along the radial direction of the rotary seat (50), and a locking block (322) capable of being in limiting fit with the positioning grooves (3230) is arranged on the power output end of the third driving mechanism (321).

10. The broaching machining tool of the blade tenon according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: workstation (20) are rotary worktable, have arranged in proper order at this rotary worktable's periphery side and have gone up unloading station, detection station (A2), first broaching station (A3) and second broaching station (A4), the frock clamp has two, arranges respectively opposite both sides on workstation (20), supplementary strutting arrangement also has two, respectively with two work fixture corresponds.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of blade tenon machining, in particular to a broaching machining tool for a blade tenon.

Background

Turbine blades are important components of aircraft engines. The worm wheel blade is connected with the worm wheel disc through the mortise of blade tenon and worm wheel disc periphery usually between, and wherein, the machine-shaping precision of blade tenon directly influences the performance of product. As shown in fig. 1, the blade tenon 12 machining generally includes machining of tenon side surface cross-sections 13 on the front and rear sides, machining of tenon end surface cross-sections 14 on the left and right sides, and machining of a bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon, and accordingly, the blade tenon has two opposite side surfaces 16, two opposite end surfaces 17, and a bottom surface 18 on the side away from the blade body 11. At present, a five-axis numerical control machining center is generally adopted for machining blade tenons, and in order to achieve high precision, an imported five-axis numerical control machining center is basically adopted.

When the blade tenon is machined, the blade part needs to be clamped. However, because the shape of the blade is irregular, the space angle is large, and the positioning and clamping have certain difficulty, the main method is to pour the blade part to form a pouring block with a standard shape so as to facilitate clamping during the current tenon machining. For example, a method for positioning a workpiece with a complex shape by alloy pouring disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201510882146.8 (with the publication number of CN105382202B) and a method for machining an arc-tooth tenon blade of an aero-engine compressor disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201410312140.2 (with the publication number of CN105269277B) are disclosed.

However, the clamping mode in the above patent needs to completely cut off the pouring part after the blade tenon is processed, and the processing procedure is complicated, so that the production efficiency is low, and meanwhile, serious material waste is caused, and the production cost is high. Therefore, how to provide a machining tool capable of firmly clamping the blade and simplifying the blade tenon machining process is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides a broaching machining tool for a blade tenon, which can firmly clamp a blade, simplify the machining process of the blade tenon and further effectively improve the production efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a broaching machining frock of blade tenon, includes:

a work table;

the tool fixture is arranged on the workbench and comprises a fixed seat, a profiling fixture and a rotary seat with a central axis, the rotary seat is arranged on the fixed seat in a manner of rotating around the central axis of the rotary seat, the profiling fixture comprises a profiling block structure for clamping a blade body of a blade workpiece to be machined, the profiling block structure is arranged on the rotary seat and can rotate along with the rotary seat so as to adjust the broaching angle of a blade tenon placed in place on the profiling fixture and enable different areas to be broached on the blade tenon to be sequentially positioned on corresponding broaching paths;

auxiliary supporting device, including locating on the revolving bed, and can be along with this revolving bed rotatory first supporting shoe and second supporting shoe, first supporting shoe and second supporting shoe all activity are located on the revolving bed, and can be relative the blade tenon is close to or keeps away from to at least have first state and second state:

in the first state, a side area of the blade tenon is located on a broaching path, the first supporting block moves towards the blade tenon and abuts against the end face of the blade tenon, and the second supporting block is far away from the side area of the blade tenon;

in the second state, the end surface area and/or the bottom surface area of the blade tenon are located on a broaching path, the second support block moves towards the blade tenon and abuts against the side surface of the blade tenon, and the second support block is away from the end surface area of the blade tenon.

In order to simplify the structure of broaching processing frock, auxiliary stay device includes:

the first motion mechanism is arranged on the rotary seat and provided with an output end capable of linearly reciprocating along a line parallel to the central axis of the rotary seat, the power output end of the first motion mechanism is provided with a first mounting seat, and the first support block is movably constrained on the first mounting seat and can be close to or far away from the blade tenon along the radial direction of the rotary seat;

the first elastic piece acts on the first supporting block and enables the first supporting block to always have a tendency of being far away from the blade tenon;

the second motion mechanism is arranged on the rotary seat and provided with an output end capable of linearly reciprocating along a line parallel to the central axis of the rotary seat, the power output end of the second motion mechanism is provided with a second mounting seat, and the second support block is movably constrained on the second mounting seat and can be close to or far away from the blade tenon along the radial direction of the rotary seat;

the second elastic piece is arranged on the second supporting block and enables the second supporting block to always have a tendency of being far away from the blade tenon;

the first driving mechanism is arranged on one side, close to the rotary seat, of the workbench and provided with an output end capable of moving back and forth along a straight line where the broaching direction is located, and when different regions to be broached on the blade tenon are sequentially located on a broaching path, the output end of the first driving mechanism can act on the corresponding first supporting block or the second supporting block so as to enable the first supporting block or the second supporting block to correspondingly abut against the side face or the end face of the blade tenon.

By means of the structural design, when the blade tenon is subjected to broaching processing in different areas, one of the first supporting block and the second supporting block can be supported with the corresponding side face or the end face of the blade tenon, and the other supporting block can be far away from the blade tenon relatively, so that the problem of interference caused by actions of a broach is avoided.

The first elastic member and the second elastic member may adopt various prior arts, and may include various elastic elements such as a compression spring, a torsion spring, a reed, and the like, but in order to better cooperate with the first support block and the second support block, the first mounting seat has a first guide hole arranged along the radial extension of the rotary seat, the first support block is movably constrained in the first guide hole, and the first elastic member is a spring and is abutted between the first support block and the rotary seat;

the second installation seat is provided with a second guide hole which extends along the radial direction of the rotary seat, the second support block is movably restrained in the second guide hole, and the second elastic piece is a spring and is abutted between the second support block and the rotary seat.

In order to ensure the reliability of supporting the blade tenon, the first movement mechanism, the second movement mechanism and the first driving mechanism are all oil cylinders.

In order to realize the effective attachment of the profiling fixture and the side surface of the blade body and ensure the clamping firmness of the blade body, the profiling fixture comprises two profiling blocks which are arranged at intervals relatively and can be close to or far away from each other, and the two opposite side walls of the profiling blocks are provided with matching surfaces matched with two opposite wall surfaces on the blade body of a blade workpiece to be processed.

In order to ensure that the blade workpiece is basically positioned on the central axis of the rotary seat when the blade workpiece is clamped by the profiling fixture, and to ensure that the blade workpiece can be supported by the same driving mechanism when broaching in different areas of the blade tenon, the two profiling blocks are respectively a fixed block fixed on the rotary seat and a movable block radially and movably arranged on the rotary seat, and the fixed block is arranged close to the central axis of the rotary seat, so that the central axis of the blade to be broached is always collinear with the central axis of the rotary seat after the blade to be broached is pressed on the fixed block by the movable block.

In order to drive the movable block and be close to or keep away from relative fixed block, still include:

the second driving mechanism is arranged on the rotary seat and provided with a power output end capable of reciprocating along a straight line parallel to the central axis of the rotary seat, and the power output end of the second driving mechanism is in sliding fit with the movable block through an inclined plane, so that the axial movement of the power output end of the second driving mechanism is converted into the radial movement of the movable block.

In order to arrange the fixed block and the movable block on the rotary seat, the rotary seat is provided with a mounting groove for placing the fixed block and a guide groove communicated with the mounting groove, and the movable block is slidably constrained in the guide groove.

In order to realize that the revolving bed rotates around self axis and rotate and carry out firm locking after targetting in place at the revolving bed, still include:

the rotary seat driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed seat and provided with a power output end capable of reciprocating along a linear direction vertical to the central axis of the rotary seat, a rack is arranged on the power output end of the rotary seat driving mechanism, a gear coaxially arranged is arranged on the rotary seat, and the rack is meshed with the gear;

the locking device is arranged on the fixed seat and comprises a third driving mechanism and at least two positioning grooves which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotary seat, the third driving mechanism is provided with a power output end capable of moving along the radial direction of the rotary seat, and a locking block capable of being in limit fit with the positioning grooves is arranged on the power output end of the third driving mechanism.

In order to further improve the machining efficiency of the blade workpiece, the workbench is a rotary workbench, a feeding and discharging station, a detection station, a first broaching station and a second broaching station are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotary workbench, two tool fixtures are arranged on two opposite sides of the workbench respectively, and two auxiliary supporting devices are arranged and correspond to the two tool fixtures respectively. It is conceivable that only one, two or more than two work clamps may be arranged on the rotary table according to actual working conditions.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: .

1. The blade casting block structure in the prior art is omitted, the profiling fixture is directly adopted to position the blade body of the blade workpiece, the blade workpiece can be clamped in place, and therefore broaching machining of the side section, the end face section and the bottom groove of the blade tenon in a broaching mode can be achieved, material consumption is reduced, and machining efficiency of the blade workpiece is improved.

2. This broaching processing frock accessible revolving bed carries out attitude adjustment to the blade work piece after the clamping is accomplished, satisfies a clamping, realizes the broaching processing of the side section shape and the terminal surface section shape of blade tenon and bottom surface groove, has saved loaded down with trivial details unloading process, has improved the machining efficiency of blade work piece tenon to, owing to saved repeated clamping process, so also guaranteed the broaching precision of blade tenon.

3. The auxiliary supporting device ensures that the blade workpiece cannot deform in the broaching process and ensures that the blade tenon does not have precision change.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a blade workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of a blade workpiece according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention (the first support block abuts against an end surface of the blade tenon);

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention (the second support block abuts against the side of the blade tenon);

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a broaching tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a right side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 10 is a right side view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of vane workpieces at different processing stations (one of the vane workpieces is at a loading/unloading station, and the other vane workpiece is at a first broaching station) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of vane workpieces at different processing stations (one vane workpiece at a detection station and the other vane workpiece at a second broaching station) according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a first support block of the present embodiment;

fig. 14 is a perspective view of the second supporting block of the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

Directional terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "side," "top," "bottom," and the like are used in the description and claims of the present invention to describe various example structural portions and elements of the invention, but are used herein for convenience of description only and are to be determined based on the example orientations shown in the drawings. Because the disclosed embodiments of the present invention may be oriented in different directions, the directional terms are used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as limiting, e.g., "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or coincident with the direction of gravity.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the machining of the blade tenon 12 of the blade workpiece 10 generally includes machining of tenon side surface sections 13 on the front and rear sides, machining of tenon end surface sections 14 on the left and right sides, and machining of a bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon, and correspondingly, the blade tenon 12 has two opposite side surfaces 16, two opposite end surfaces 17, and a bottom surface 18 on the side away from the blade body 11, wherein the tenon side surface sections 13 are formed on the two opposite side surfaces 16 of the blade tenon 12, the tenon end surface sections 14 are formed on the two opposite end surfaces 17 of the blade tenon 12, and the bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon is formed on the bottom surface 18 of the blade tenon 12. The extension direction of the bottom surface groove 15 substantially coincides with the extension direction of the end surface 17.

Referring to fig. 3 to 14, an important point of the present embodiment is that the tenon side surface truncated shape 13, the left and right tenon end surface truncated shapes 14, and the bottom surface groove 15 of the tenon of the blade 12 are formed by broaching. Specifically, the embodiment provides a broaching machining tool for a blade tenon, which comprises a workbench 20, a tool clamp and an auxiliary supporting device, wherein the tool clamp and the auxiliary supporting device are arranged on the workbench 20.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the working table 20 of the embodiment is a rotary working table, and a feeding and discharging station a1, a detection station a2, a first broaching station A3 and a second broaching station a4 are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotary working table, wherein the tool holder can sequentially stop at the four stations during rotation of the rotary working table, so as to achieve feeding and discharging operations of the blade workpiece 10, detection operations of whether the blade workpiece 10 is clamped in place, broaching processing of the side surface of the blade tenon 12, and broaching processing of the end surface of the blade tenon 12 and the bottom groove 15.

The first broaching station A3 may be provided with a first broaching machine 81, and the second broaching station a4 may be provided with a second broaching machine 82, as shown in detail in fig. 14.

In this embodiment, when the bucket workpiece 10 is machined at the second broaching station a4, the broaching of the end surface truncated shape 14 of the bucket dovetail 12 and the bottom surface groove 15 of the bucket dovetail 12 is simultaneously performed by the corresponding gang broaches. It is contemplated that three or more broaching stations may be provided on the rotary table such that the broaching of the face cutaways 14 of the bucket pins 12 and the floor slots 15 of the bucket pins 12 are performed sequentially at two separate broaching stations.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the tooling fixture includes a fixed base 30, a profiling fixture 40, a locking device 32, a swivel base 50 having a central axis O, and a swivel base 50 drive mechanism 31.

Referring to fig. 5, the fixed base 30 has a transversely extending mounting cavity 300, and the rotary base 50 is rotatably disposed in the mounting cavity 300 around its central axis O. The rotary seat 50 is cylindrical, and the mounting cavity 300 of the fixing seat 30 is substantially identical to the rotary seat 50 in shape and is a corresponding cylindrical cavity. In a state where the swivel base 50 is fitted into the mounting cavity 300 of the fixed base 30, one end portion (front end portion) of the swivel base 50 is slightly exposed outside the mounting cavity 300 of the fixed base 30, and correspondingly, the above-mentioned copying jig 40 is provided on an end surface of the end portion of the swivel base 50 (a mounting structure of the copying jig 40 is described later).

Referring to fig. 6 and 8, the driving mechanism 31 of the revolving base 50 of the present embodiment is disposed on the top of the fixed base 30, and has a power output end capable of vertically reciprocating (i.e. along a linear direction perpendicular to the central axis O of the revolving base 50), the power output end of the driving mechanism 31 of the revolving base 50 is provided with a vertically extending rack 311, correspondingly, the rear end of the revolving base 50 has a rotating shaft 54 coaxially disposed with the central axis O thereof, the rotating shaft 54 is coaxially connected with a gear 312, and the gear 312 is engaged with the rack 311. In the process that the driving mechanism 31 of the rotary base 50 drives the rack 311 to move up and down, the torsion can be transmitted to the rotary base 50 through the gear 312, so that the angle adjustment of the rotary base 50 (and the profiling fixture 40 arranged on the rotary base) is realized.

The driving mechanism 31 of the rotary seat 50 preferably uses an oil cylinder as a power source, and the output end of the oil cylinder drives the rack 311 to move up and down.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, after the rotary seat 50 is rotated to the set broaching angle, it can be firmly locked by the locking device 32, and specifically, the locking device 32 includes a third driving mechanism 321 and a positioning block 323 for driving the positioning groove 3230. The third driving mechanism 321 of the present embodiment is preferably an oil cylinder, which is disposed on the top of the fixed seat 30 and has a power output end capable of reciprocating in the vertical direction, and the power output end has a locking block 322 thereon. With continued reference to fig. 9 and 10, there are two positioning blocks 323, and the two positioning blocks 323 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotary base 50. Each positioning block 323 is provided with a positioning groove 3230 with an outward notch, specifically, the positioning groove 3230 of this embodiment is a V-shaped groove, and correspondingly, a portion of the locking block 322 opposite to the positioning groove 3230 has a matched V-shaped protrusion structure. When the rotary base 50 rotates to a predetermined angular position, the third driving mechanism 321 operates to drive the locking block 322 to move toward the rotary base 50, so that the locking block 322 is in spacing fit with the positioning groove 3230 of the corresponding positioning block 323, thereby locking the rotary base 50 at the angular position, as shown in detail in fig. 5.

It is conceivable that a plurality of positioning blocks 323 may be provided along the circumferential direction of the swivel 50 when it is necessary to lock the swivel 50 at a plurality of (three or more) angular positions.

The profiling fixture 40 of the present embodiment includes a profiling block structure for clamping on the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10 to be machined, which is disposed on the rotary seat 50 and can rotate with the rotary seat 50 to adjust the angle of the blade tenon 12 placed in place on the profiling fixture 40, so that different regions to be broached on the blade tenon 12 are sequentially located on the corresponding broaching paths. The opposite side walls of the two contour blocks are provided with matching surfaces matched with the two opposite wall surfaces on the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10 to be processed. The two contour blocks are standard blocks and can be replaced to adapt to blade workpieces 10 with different specifications.

The two profiling blocks are respectively a fixed block 41 fixed on the rotary seat 50 and a movable block 42 radially and movably arranged on the rotary seat 50, correspondingly, an installation groove 51 for placing the fixed block 41 and a guide groove 52 communicated with the installation groove 51 are arranged on the end surface of the rotary seat 50, wherein the guide groove 52 is arranged along the radial extension of the rotary seat 50, and the movable block 42 is slidably constrained in the guide groove 52. Specifically, the fixed block 41 is disposed adjacent to the central axis O of the rotary seat 50, and after the blade workpiece 10 to be broached is pressed against the positioning block 323 by the movable block 42, it is ensured that the central axis of the blade workpiece 10 is always substantially collinear with the central axis O of the rotary seat 50, so that the end surface region 17 and the side surface region 16 of the blade tenon 12 of the blade workpiece 10 can be supported by the same first driving mechanism 21 after the posture adjustment (the structure and the operation process of the first driving mechanism 21 are specifically described below).

The end face of the rotary seat 50 is further provided with a baffle 55, and the baffle 55 covers the opening position of the guide groove to limit the movable block 42 in the axial direction.

Referring to fig. 5, the rotary base 50 is further provided with a second driving mechanism 43 for driving the movable block 42 to move, and the second driving mechanism 43 has a power output end capable of reciprocating along a straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary base 50. The second driving mechanism 43 has a driving block 44 at the power output end, and the driving block 44 is in sliding fit with the movable block 42 through an inclined surface, so that the axial movement of the power output end of the second driving mechanism 43 is converted into the radial movement of the movable block 42 on the rotary seat 50. Specifically, the driving block 44 has a T-shaped slot on the slope facing the movable seat, and the movable block 42 has a matching T-shaped block 420 on the slope facing the driving block 44, and the T-shaped block 420 is slidably constrained in the T-shaped slot 440 of the driving block 44. Because the movable block 42 is limited in the axial direction of the rotary seat 50, when the second driving mechanism 43 drives the driving block 44 to move axially outward (i.e. forward), the movable block 42 can be driven to move toward the fixed block 41 along the guide groove of the rotary seat 50, so as to clamp the vane workpiece 10; when the second driving mechanism 43 drives the driving block 44 to move axially inward (i.e. backward), under the limiting action of the T-shaped block 420 and the T-shaped slot, the driving block 44 can drive the movable block 42 to move away from the fixed block 41 along the guide slot of the rotary seat 50, and the pressing state of the blade workpiece 10 is released.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the auxiliary supporting device includes a first moving mechanism 60, a first mounting seat 61, a first supporting block 62, a second moving mechanism 70, a second mounting seat 71, a second supporting block 72, and a first driving mechanism 21.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the first movement mechanism 60 and the second movement mechanism 70 are both disposed on the rotary base 50, and both have output ends capable of reciprocating along a straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary base 50. The first moving mechanism 60 has a first mounting seat 61 at a power output end thereof, the first mounting seat 61 has a first guide hole 610 extending along a radial direction of the rotary seat 50, and the first supporting block 62 is movably constrained in the first guide hole 610, so as to be capable of approaching to the blade tenon 12 and abutting against an end surface of the blade tenon 12 along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50 under the driving of the first driving mechanism 21, and under the action of the first elastic member 63, the first supporting block 62 is capable of moving away from the blade tenon 12, so as to avoid interference to the broaching process. Similarly, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the second moving mechanism 70 has a second mounting seat 71 at the power output end, the second mounting seat 71 has a second guide hole 710 arranged along the radial extension of the rotary seat 50, and the second support block 72 is movably constrained in the second guide hole 710, so that the second support block 72 can be driven by the first driving mechanism 21 to approach and abut against the side surface of the blade tenon 12 along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, and under the action of the second elastic member 73, the second support block 72 can be moved away from the blade tenon 12 to avoid interference with the broaching process.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the first supporting block 62 of the present embodiment is in a strip shape, wherein two opposite side surfaces of the first supporting block 62 respectively have a first step surface 621 and a second step surface 622, and the first step surface 621 is provided with a first spring positioning hole 623. The first elastic member 63 of the present embodiment is a spring, and the spring is disposed in the first spring positioning hole 623 and abuts against the rotary base 50. The second step surface 622 of the first supporting block 62 can abut against the wall surface of the first mounting seat 61 adjacent to the blade workpiece 10, so that the first supporting block 62 is limited in the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, and the first supporting block 62 is prevented from being pulled out of the first guide hole 610 of the first mounting seat 61 under the elastic action of the first elastic member 63. Similarly, the second supporting block 72 is strip-shaped, wherein two opposite side surfaces of the second supporting block 72 respectively have a third step surface 721 and a fourth step surface 722, and the third step surface 721 is provided with a second spring positioning hole 723. The second elastic member 73 is a spring, and the spring is disposed in the second spring positioning hole 723 and abuts against the rotary base 50. The fourth step surface 722 of the second supporting block 72 can abut against the wall surface of the second mounting seat 71 adjacent to the vane workpiece 10, so that the second supporting block 72 is limited in the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, and the second supporting block 72 is prevented from being pulled out of the second guiding hole 710 of the second mounting seat 71 under the elastic action of the second elastic element 73.

In the present embodiment, for example, the blade tenon 12 is broached by a vertical broaching method, the first driving mechanism 21 is disposed on the side of the worktable 20 adjacent to the revolving bed 50, specifically, below the position of the profiling fixture 40 on the revolving bed 50. The first driving mechanism 21 of the present embodiment preferably employs an oil cylinder, and an output shaft of the oil cylinder can extend and retract up and down, that is, the extending and retracting direction is the same as the broaching direction of the broaching tool. Specifically, when the side of the blade tenon 12 needs to be broached, one end face of the blade tenon 12 faces downward, the first supporting block 62 rotates along with the rotary seat 50 and is located above the first driving mechanism 21, and the output end of the first driving mechanism 21 extends out and then can act on the first supporting block 62, so that the inner end part of the first supporting block 62 abuts against the end face of the blade tenon 12 and is kept in a supporting state, thus, in the process of broaching the side of the blade tenon 12, because the bottom of the blade tenon 12 is supported by the first driving mechanism 21, the bottom of the blade tenon 12 cannot deform even if being subjected to a large broaching acting force, and the broaching precision is ensured. Similarly, when the end face and the bottom face of the bucket tenon 12 need to be broached, the rotary seat 50 rotates to a set angle position along the central axis O thereof, at this time, one side face of the bucket tenon 12 faces downward correspondingly, meanwhile, the second supporting block 72 rotates along with the rotary seat 50 and then is located above the first driving mechanism 21 correspondingly, the output end of the first driving mechanism 21 extends out and then acts on the second supporting block 72, so that the inner end of the second supporting block 72 abuts against the side face of the bucket tenon 12 and is kept in a supporting state, thus, in the process of broaching the end face and the bottom face of the bucket tenon 12, since the bottom of the bucket tenon 12 is supported by the first driving mechanism 21, deformation does not occur, and the broaching precision is ensured.

The first support block 62 and the second support block 72 are disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotary seat 50, specifically, a straight line of the first support block 62 intersects a straight line of the second support block 72, and the intersection point is approximately located on the central axis O of the rotary seat 50. The outer periphery of the front end of the rotary seat 50 has a notch 53 corresponding to the circular corner formed between the first support block 62 and the second support block 72 to avoid interference with the output end of the first driving mechanism 21 during the rotation of the rotary seat 50.

The two tooling fixtures of the present embodiment are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the worktable 20, wherein the two auxiliary supporting devices are also disposed and respectively correspond to the two tooling fixtures.

Taking the vertical broaching process as an example, a description will be given of a machining process of the broaching tool for the bucket dovetail 12 of the present embodiment:

firstly, when the rotary worktable drives the tool fixture to shift to the feeding and discharging station A1, the blade workpiece 10 to be processed is loaded into the profiling fixture 40 of the working fixture through a manual or mechanical arm, and the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10 is clamped through the profiling fixture 40.

Specifically, the first step includes the following steps:

step 1.1, loading a blade workpiece 10 to be processed between a fixed block 41 and a movable block 42 of a profiling fixture 40;

step 1.2, the second driving mechanism 43 operates to drive the movable block 42 to move toward the fixed block 41 along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, so as to clamp the blade body 11 of the blade workpiece 10.

Step two, the following steps are specifically included:

2.1, the first movement mechanism 60 drives the first installation seat 61 and the first support block 62 arranged on the first installation seat 61 to extend outwards along a straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary seat 50 and move to a position corresponding to the end face of the blade tenon 12, and the second movement mechanism 70 drives the second installation seat 71 and the second support block 72 arranged on the second installation seat 71 to retract inwards along a straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary seat 50 and move to a position far away from the side face of the blade tenon 12, so that interference in the broaching process of the side face broach is avoided;

step 2.2, the first driving mechanism 21 acts, and the output end of the first driving mechanism moves towards the first supporting block 62 and acts on the first supporting block 62, so that the first supporting block 62 moves inwards along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, and the first supporting block is abutted against the end face of the blade tenon 12 by overcoming the elasticity of the first elastic piece 63;

after the step one is completed and before the step two is completed, or after the step two is completed and before the step three is completed, the method further comprises the following steps:

and in the blade workpiece 10 detection step, the rotary working table drives the blade workpiece 10 assembled in place on the tool clamp to rotate, the blade workpiece is shifted to a detection station A2, and whether the blade workpiece 10 is clamped in place or not is detected through a detection device. The detection device can adopt various prior arts such as photographed image recognition or copying detection tools. Of course, after the clamping is completed, the clamping of the blade workpiece 10 can be ensured to be in place (or the error probability is small), and the detection step can also be omitted.

Step three, after detecting that the blade workpiece 10 is clamped in place, the rotary worktable drives the blade workpiece 10 assembled in place on the tool fixture to rotate and move to the first broaching station a3, so that the side area 16 to be broached on the blade tenon 12 is located on a broaching path of the side broach, at this time, the third driving mechanism 321 drives the positioning block 323 to move inwards along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50 and to be in limit fit with the corresponding positioning groove 3230 on the rotary seat 50 to lock the rotary seat 50, then, the side broach acts to complete broaching of the tenon side section 13 of the blade workpiece 10, and the broaching direction refers to the direction of the dotted arrow in fig. 9.

Step four, specifically comprising the following steps:

step 4.1, after the broaching processing of the tenon side section 13 of the blade workpiece 10 is completed, the rotary worktable drives the blade workpiece 10 which is subjected to the broaching processing of the tenon side section 13 to rotate and shift to a second broaching station A4, and the rotary base 50 drives the blade workpiece 10 which is subjected to the broaching processing of the tenon side section 13 to rotate, so that the end surface area 17 and the bottom surface area 18 of the blade tenon 12 to be broached are positioned on a broaching path of an end surface broaching tool;

step 4.2, the first driving mechanism 21 releases the pressing state on the first supporting block 62, the first supporting block 62 is reset to the initial position under the action of the first elastic element 63, the first moving mechanism 60 drives the first mounting seat 61 and the first supporting block 62 arranged on the first mounting seat 61 to move reversely (i.e. retract) along the straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary seat 50, and is away from the blade tenon 12, and the second moving mechanism 70 drives the second mounting seat 71 and the second supporting block 72 arranged on the second mounting seat 71 to extend along the straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary seat 50, and moves to the position corresponding to the side of the blade tenon 12.

And 4.3, the first driving mechanism 21 is actuated again, the output end of the first driving mechanism moves towards the second supporting block 72 and acts on the second supporting block 72, so that the second supporting block 72 moves inwards along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, and the elastic force of the second elastic piece 73 is overcome to abut against the side surface of the blade tenon 12.

And step five, performing end face broaching to finish broaching the tenon end face truncated shape 14 and the bottom surface groove 15 of the blade workpiece 10, wherein the broaching direction refers to the direction of a dotted arrow in the figure 10. The end broach according to the present embodiment is a combined broach for broaching the tenon end face truncated shape 14 and the bottom surface groove 15 of the blade workpiece 10 at the same time.

The sixth step comprises the following steps:

step 6.1, after the broaching processing of the tenon end face truncated shape 14 and the bottom surface groove 15 of the blade workpiece 10 is completed, the rotary worktable continuously drives the blade workpiece 10 to rotate and to move to the loading and unloading station a1, and meanwhile, the third driving mechanism 321 can drive the positioning block 323 to move outwards along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, so that the locking state of the rotary seat 50 is released.

Step 6.2, the first driving mechanism 21 releases the abutting state of the second supporting block 72, the second supporting block 72 is reset to the initial position under the action of the second elastic element 73, and the second moving mechanism 70 drives the second mounting seat 71 and the second supporting block 72 arranged on the second mounting seat 71 to move reversely (i.e. retract) along a straight line parallel to the central axis O of the rotary seat 50 and to be away from the blade tenon 12; the second driving mechanism 43 is reset to drive the movable block 42 to be away from the fixed block 41 along the radial direction of the rotary seat 50, the clamping state of the blade workpiece 10 is released, the blade workpiece 10 is taken down from the profiling fixture 40 manually or by a manipulator, and the blanking is completed.

On the basis of the above embodiments, other embodiments can be obtained by replacing and improving the related technical features. For example, in the present embodiment, only one attitude adjustment is performed on the vane workpiece 10 during the rotation from the first broaching station A3 to the second broaching station a4, but the step of performing the attitude adjustment again after the broaching of the vane workpiece 10 is completed at the second broaching station a4 is not described, and it is conceivable that the step of performing the attitude adjustment again after the broaching of the vane workpiece 10 is completed at the second broaching station a4 may be performed immediately after the broaching is completed at the second broaching station a4, may be performed when the vane workpiece is rotated to the loading/unloading station a1, or may be performed when the vane workpiece is rotated to the detecting station a2 or the first broaching station A3. For another example, the present embodiment shows that the different areas of the blade tenon 12 are broached by vertical broaching, and it is conceivable that the placement positions of the relevant tooling fixtures are adjusted to be also suitable for horizontal broaching, or that the broaching of the tenon side section 13, the tenon end face section 14, and the bottom surface groove 15 of the blade workpiece 10 may be performed by matching vertical broaching with horizontal broaching in sequence. For another example, the broaching of the tenon end face truncated shape 14 and the bottom groove 15 of the tenon may be performed by first performing the broaching with the end face broaching tool, and then performing the broaching of the side truncated shape 13 with the side broaching tool, but it is also possible to perform the broaching of the side truncated shape 13 of the blade tenon 12, the broaching of the tenon end face truncated shape 14, and the broaching of the bottom groove 15 of the tenon sequentially with three independent broaching stations, and the broaching is not performed sequentially.