阅读说明：本技术 镍钛合金摩擦片涨闸式车辆锁止装置和方法 (Expansion brake type vehicle locking device and method of nickel-titanium alloy friction plate ) 是由 刘永桥 邱侠 朱浩 于 2021-11-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种镍钛合金摩擦片涨闸式车辆锁止装置及方法,圆柱状的锁盘,锁盘与车轮同轴连接,还包括与锁盘间隔设置的摩擦片和输送装置,摩擦片与输送装置连接,输送装置用于将摩擦片向锁盘移动或者远离,摩擦片呈圆弧状,摩擦片由镍钛合金制成且具有双程形状记忆效应,摩擦片与锁盘接触后,摩擦片的温度升高,摩擦片的热弹性马氏体形状向奥氏体形状转变,摩擦片与锁盘的接触面增大,从而实现线性减速,而且镍钛合金本身就具有耐磨损、高阻尼和超弹性的特点,因此相较于普通的刹车片更加耐用,而在摩擦片磨损后,摩擦片依旧可以通过双程形状记忆效应,使摩擦片由热弹性马氏体形状向奥氏体形状转变,同样可以达到普通刹车片相同的效果。(The invention discloses an expansion brake type vehicle locking device of a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate and a method, a cylindrical lock disc is coaxially connected with a wheel, the expansion brake type vehicle locking device also comprises a friction plate and a conveying device which are arranged at intervals with the lock disc, the friction plate is connected with the conveying device, the conveying device is used for moving the friction plate to the lock disc or separating the friction plate from the lock disc, the friction plate is in an arc shape, the friction plate is made of nickel-titanium alloy and has a two-way shape memory effect, after the friction plate is contacted with the lock disc, the temperature of the friction plate rises, the thermoelastic martensite shape of the friction plate is transformed to the austenite shape, the contact surface of the friction plate and the lock disc is enlarged, thereby realizing linear deceleration, and the nickel-titanium alloy has the characteristics of wear resistance, high damping and superelasticity, so the expansion brake type vehicle locking device is more durable compared with a common brake plate, and after the friction plate is worn, the friction plate can still pass the two-way shape memory effect, the friction plate is transformed from the shape of the thermoelastic martensite to the shape of the austenite, and the same effect as that of the common brake plate can be achieved.)

1. The expansion brake type vehicle locking device with the nickel-titanium alloy friction plates comprises a cylindrical lock plate, wherein the lock plate is coaxially connected with a wheel, and the expansion brake type vehicle locking device is characterized by further comprising the friction plates and a conveying device, wherein the friction plates and the lock plate are arranged at intervals; when the friction plate contacts the lock disc, the contact area of the friction plate and the lock disc is increased.

2. The nickel-titanium alloy friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying device comprises an inner shell, and a motor, a screw rod and a fixing block which are arranged in the inner shell, the inner shell is provided with an opening, the fixing block is clamped at the opening of the inner shell, the fixing block is provided with a threaded hole, one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor, the other end of the screw rod is connected with the fixing block through the threaded hole, one end of the fixing block, which is far away from the end connected with the screw rod, is connected with the friction plate, the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and the fixing block and the screw rod rotate relatively, so that the fixing block moves towards or away from the lock disc.

3. The nitinol friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device of claim 2, wherein the lead screw has a thread length greater than the spacing between the friction plate and the lock collar.

4. The nitinol friction plate drum brake type vehicle locking device according to claim 2, wherein the lead screw is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the lead screw is provided with a through hole at an end far away from the end connected to the fixed block, and the rotating shaft is inserted into the through hole.

5. The nickel-titanium alloy friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the through hole is semicircular, one end of the rotating shaft connected with the screw rod is matched with the through hole, and the rotating shaft abuts against the inner wall of the through hole when rotating.

6. The nitinol friction plate drum brake type vehicle locking device of claim 2, further comprising a control chip, wherein the motor is connected to the control chip in a point connection, and the control chip controls the motor to rotate forward or backward.

7. The nickel-titanium alloy friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the control chip controls the motor to rotate forward to drive the friction plate to approach the lock disc to realize locking; the control chip controls the motor to rotate reversely, drives the friction plate to be far away from the lock disc, and achieves unlocking.

8. The nitinol friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device of claim 1, further comprising an outer shell, wherein a cavity is formed in the outer shell for positioning the lock disc, friction plate and the transportation device.

9. A method for locking an expansion brake type vehicle with a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate, which is characterized in that the expansion brake type vehicle locking device with the nickel-titanium alloy friction plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged on a rear wheel of a bicycle,

when the vehicle is locked,

s1 control chip controls motor to rotate forward to drive fixing block close to lock disc;

s2 the friction plate is abutted against the lock disc, and the motor stops running;

when the lock is unlocked, the lock cylinder is opened,

s3, the control chip controls the motor to rotate reversely to drive the fixing block to be far away from the lock disc;

and S4, returning the fixed block to the original position, and stopping the motor.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein when locking during driving, the method further comprises step S1, wherein the step S1' contacts the lock disc and generates heat by friction, the friction plate changes from martensite to austenite, and the intrados of the friction plate increases.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of vehicle locking devices, in particular to an expansion brake type vehicle locking device and method with nickel-titanium alloy friction plates.

Background

Along with the construction of green cities and low-carbon cities, more and more people select bicycles as short-distance travel tools, and along with the appearance of a shared bicycle, more choices are increased for people to go out, the problem of 'last kilometer' of public transportation is solved, the safety anti-theft problem of the bicycles is a barrier for developing bicycle traveling, taking the shared bicycle as an example, the shared bicycle is generally locked by using a horseshoe lock, the lock beam is directly inserted into a lock hole and clamped into a hub, so that the rotation of the wheels is limited, and the purpose of locking the bicycle is achieved.

The Chinese patent application No. 201821878480.1 discloses a screw-propelling type electric control follow-up device in the patent name of 'screw-propelling type electric control follow-up device and a brake lock applying the same', and locks a vehicle by using a braking principle to solve the problem that a rider is thrown away from the vehicle because the conventional horseshoe lock locks the vehicle suddenly due to misoperation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device and method, which aim to solve the problem that a friction plate is abraded after a vehicle lock in the prior art is used for a long time.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are disclosed:

an expansion brake type vehicle locking device with a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate comprises a cylindrical lock disc, the lock disc is coaxially connected with a wheel, the expansion brake type vehicle locking device further comprises a friction plate and a conveying device, the friction plate and the conveying device are arranged at intervals of the lock disc, the friction plate is connected with the conveying device, the conveying device is used for moving the friction plate towards the lock disc or away from the lock disc, the friction plate is in an arc shape and is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and a two-way shape memory effect occurs when the friction plate contacts with the lock disc or is away from the lock disc; when the friction plate contacts the lock disc, the contact area of the friction plate and the lock disc is increased.

As preferred, conveyor includes the inner shell and sets up motor, lead screw, fixed block in the inner shell, the inner shell is equipped with the opening, the fixed block is in the opening part of inner shell, the fixed block is equipped with the screw hole, the one end and the motor of lead screw are connected, and the other end passes through the screw hole with the fixed block is connected, the fixed block is kept away from and is connected the one end of lead screw is connected the friction disc, the motor rotates the drive the lead screw rotates, the fixed block with the lead screw produces relative rotation, makes the fixed block is close or keeps away from the motion towards the lock dish.

Preferably, the thread length of the screw rod is larger than the distance between the friction plate and the lock disc.

Preferably, the screw rod is connected with a rotating shaft of the motor, a through hole is formed in one end, far away from the end connected with the fixed block, of the screw rod, and the rotating shaft is inserted into the through hole.

Preferably, the through hole is semicircular, one end of the rotating shaft connected with the screw rod is matched with the through hole, and the rotating shaft abuts against the inner wall of the through hole when rotating.

Preferably, the motor control device further comprises a control chip, the motor is in point connection with the control chip, and the control chip controls the motor to rotate forwards or backwards.

Preferably, the control chip controls the motor to rotate positively to drive the friction plate to be close to the lock disc, so that locking is realized; the control chip controls the motor to rotate reversely, drives the friction plate to be far away from the lock disc, and achieves unlocking.

Preferably, the device further comprises a shell, and a cavity for arranging the lock disc, the friction plate and the conveying device is formed in the shell.

An expansion brake type vehicle locking method of a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate is used for the expansion brake type vehicle locking device of the nickel-titanium alloy friction plate of any one of claims 1 to 8,

when the vehicle is locked,

s1 control chip controls motor to rotate forward to drive fixing block close to lock disc;

s2 friction plate with two ends contacting with the lock disc to generate heat;

s3 the contact surface between the friction plate and the lock disc is gradually increased;

s4 friction plate is in austenite shape and is jointed with the lock disc, the vehicle is stopped, and the motor stops running;

when the lock is unlocked, the lock cylinder is opened,

s5, the control chip controls the motor to rotate reversely to drive the fixing block to be far away from the lock disc;

and S6, returning the fixed block to the original position, and stopping the motor.

Preferably, the S4' friction plate is cooled, the friction plate is inverted from an austenite shape to a martensite shape, and the friction plate is held against the lock plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention discloses a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate expansion brake type vehicle locking device and a method, a cylindrical lock disc is coaxially connected with a wheel, the device also comprises a friction plate and a conveying device which are arranged at intervals with the lock disc, the friction plate is connected with the conveying device, the conveying device is used for moving the friction plate to the lock disc or separating from the lock disc, the friction plate is in an arc shape, the friction plate is made of nickel-titanium alloy and has a two-way shape memory effect, after the friction plate is contacted with the lock disc, the temperature of the friction plate rises, the thermoelastic martensite shape of the friction plate is transformed to austenite shape, the contact surface of the friction plate and the lock disc is enlarged, thereby realizing linear deceleration, and the nickel-titanium alloy has the characteristics of wear resistance, high damping and superelasticity, so the device is more durable compared with a common brake plate, after the friction plate is worn, the friction plate can still pass the two-way shape memory effect, the friction plate is transformed from the shape of the thermoelastic martensite to the shape of the austenite, and the same effect as that of the common brake plate can be achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the pushing device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural view of the friction plate of the present invention in a martensitic form;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a friction plate of the present invention in an austenitic shape;

figure 6 is a diagram of the martensite to austenite shape change of the friction plate of the invention.

The main element symbols are as follows:

1. a housing; 2. an inner shell; 3. a lock disc; 4. a motor; 5. a screw rod; 51. a through hole; 6. a fixed block; 61. a screw hole; 7. a friction plate; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a control chip; 10. a conveying device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

An expansion brake type vehicle locking device with a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate is disclosed, and referring to fig. 1-6, the expansion brake type vehicle locking device comprises a cylindrical lock disc 3, the lock disc 3 is coaxially connected with a wheel, the friction plate 61 and a conveying device 10 are arranged at intervals with the lock disc 3, the friction plate 61 is connected with the conveying device 10, the conveying device 10 is used for moving the friction plate 61 towards or away from the lock disc 3, the friction plate 3 is in an arc shape, the friction plate 3 is made of nickel-titanium alloy and has a two-way shape memory effect, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has the shape memory effect, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy has the two-way memory effect and is obtained after certain training of the alloy, the friction plate 61 is repeatedly heated and cooled under the action of external stress, so that the martensite shape of the friction plate 61 is changed into the austenite shape when being heated, and the austenite shape of the friction plate 61 is changed into the martensite shape after being cooled, after the friction plate 61 is contacted with the lock disc 3, friction between the friction plate 61 and the lock disc 3 generates heat, the temperature of the friction plate 61 rises, the friction plate 61 is changed from a thermoelastic martensite shape to an austenite shape, at the moment, the inner circular arc radian of the friction plate 61 is increased, the contact area between the friction plate 61 and the lock disc 3 is increased, so that the friction force between the friction plate 61 and the lock disc 3 is increased, the lock disc 3 can be linearly and gradually decelerated, the friction plate 61 is made of nickel-titanium alloy and has the characteristics of wear resistance, high damping and superelasticity, therefore, the brake disc is more durable compared with a common brake disc, meanwhile, after the friction plate is worn, the friction plate is in contact friction with the lock disc, after the friction plate 61 is changed from the martensite shape to the austenite shape, the friction plate can still reach the original contact area, and therefore, the service life is longer.

The embodiment comprises an outer shell 1, a lock disc 3 and an inner shell 2, wherein the lock disc 3 and the inner shell 2 are arranged in the outer shell 1, the outer shell 1 is used as an outer shell of a locking device and used for protecting locking in the lock disc 3 and the inner shell 2, the lock disc 3 is coaxially connected with a wheel of a bicycle, the wheel of the bicycle drives the lock disc 3 to move together, the inner shell 2 is provided with an opening, a motor 4, a screw rod 5 and a fixed block 6 are further arranged in the inner shell 2, the fixed block 6 is clamped at the opening of the inner shell 2, one end of the screw rod 5 is connected with the motor 4, the fixed block 6 is provided with a screw hole 61 matched with a thread of the screw rod 5, the other end of the screw rod 5 is connected with the fixed block 6 through the screw hole 61, when the motor 4 rotates, a rotor of the motor 4 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate, the fixed block 6 axially moves along the rotation direction of the screw rod 5, one end, the fixed block 6, which is far away from the connected with the screw rod 5, the friction plate 7 made of nickel-titanium alloy is arranged, the motor rotates, the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the fixed block and the screw rod rotate relatively, so that the fixed block moves along the axis of the screw rod and extends out of the shell or retracts into the shell, the friction plate is contacted with or far away from the lock disc, and the locking or unlocking is finished.

This embodiment, be connected through axis of rotation 8 between lead screw 5 and the motor 4, axis of rotation 8 is connected with the rotor of motor 4, the lead screw 5 is kept away from the one end of connecting fixed block 6 and is equipped with through-hole 51, axis of rotation 8 inserts in through-hole 51, through-hole 51 is the semicircle type, the adaptation of the one end of axis of rotation 8 connection lead screw 5 and through-hole 51, axis of rotation 8 supports with the inner wall of lead screw 5 when rotating, when motor 4 rotates, thereby rotor emergence rotation in the motor 4 drives axis of rotation 8 and rotates, support with the inner wall of lead screw 5 when axis of rotation 8 rotates, make lead screw 5 along the same direction synchronous motion along axis of rotation 8, the thread length of lead screw 5 is greater than the interval between friction disc 7 to lock dish 3, can make friction disc 7 and lock dish 3 take place to hold when making lead screw 5 promote fixed block 6 to support the motion of lock dish 3.

In this embodiment, the end of the fixing block 6, which is far away from the connecting screw rod 5, is arc-shaped, and the friction plate 7 is attached to the fixing block 6 when being in an austenite shape, so that the friction plate 7 is prevented from deforming when an excessive acting force is applied to the friction plate 7 and the lock disc 3 during vehicle locking, and the motion of the lock disc cannot be well limited by the friction plate.

In this embodiment, the locking device further comprises a control chip 9, the motor 4 is in point connection with the control chip 9, the control chip 9 controls the motor 4 to rotate forwards or backwards, the control chip 9 controls the motor 4 to rotate forwards and drive the fixing block 6 to be close to the lock disc 3, and locking is achieved; the control chip 9 controls the motor 4 to rotate reversely, the fixing block 6 is driven to be far away from the lock disc 3, unlocking is achieved, and meanwhile the unlocking or locking signal received by the control chip is one of the forms of Bluetooth signals, remote data, NFC or fingerprints.

The invention also discloses a nickel-titanium alloy friction plate 7 expansion brake type vehicle locking method, which is used for the nickel-titanium alloy friction plate 7 expansion brake type vehicle locking device,

when the vehicle is locked, the vehicle locking device is locked,

the s1 control chip 9 controls the motor 4 to rotate forward to drive the fixed block 6 to approach the lock disc 3;

s2 friction plate 7 contacts with lock plate 3 at two ends to generate heat;

s3 the contact surface of the friction plate 7 and the lock disc 3 is gradually increased;

s4 friction plate 7 is in austenite shape and is jointed with lock disc 3, and when the lock disc is stopped, motor 4 stops running;

s4' the friction plate 7 is cooled, the friction plate 7 is inverted from the austenite shape to the martensite shape, and the friction plate 7 abuts against the lock disk 3.

The present embodiment provides, upon unlocking,

s5, the control chip 9 controls the motor 4 to rotate reversely to drive the fixing block 6 to be far away from the lock disc 3;

s6, the fixed block 6 returns to the original position, and the motor 4 stops running.

Taking a shared bicycle as an example, the expansion brake type vehicle locking device with the nickel-titanium alloy friction plate 7 is installed on the rear wheel of the shared bicycle, the lock disc 3 is connected with a rotating shaft 8 of the rear wheel of the shared bicycle, the lock disc 3 is driven to synchronously rotate when the rear wheel of the shared bicycle rotates, in the using process, a user enables the motor 4 to reversely rotate through the control chip 9, the motor 4 reversely rotates to drive the screw rod 5 to rotate, and the fixed block 6 moves in the direction far away from the lock disc 3, so that unlocking can be completed; when the vehicle needs to be locked, the vehicle is stopped, the control chip 9 controls the motor 4 to rotate in the forward direction, the motor 4 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate in the forward direction, the fixed block 6 moves towards the lock disc 3 along the axial direction of the rotation direction of the screw rod 5, at the moment, the friction plate 7 is abutted against the lock disc 3, so that the lock disc 3 is limited to rotate, the vehicle is locked due to error operation in the driving process, the motor 4 rotates in the forward direction, in the process that the fixed block 6 moves towards the lock disc 3 along the axial direction of the rotation direction of the screw rod 5, two ends of the friction plate 7 are firstly contacted with the lock disc 3, at the moment, a small friction force is generated between the friction plate 7 and the lock disc 3, the friction plate 7 generates phase change due to friction heat, the friction plate 7 generates phase change, in the process that the martensite shape of the friction plate 7 is changed into the austenite shape, the contact area between the friction plate 7 and the lock disc 3 is gradually increased, so that the vehicle can also slowly stop along with the phase change of the friction plate 7, therefore, the problem that a rider throws out the bicycle due to sudden locking of the bicycle caused by misoperation in the riding process is effectively solved.

Has the advantages that:

1. after the friction disc contacts with the lock disc, the contact area of the friction disc and the lock disc is gradually increased in the phase change process, so that the speed change process of the vehicle is changed linearly, and the situation that a rider throws away from the vehicle due to sudden locking of the lock vehicle caused by misoperation in the riding process is avoided.

2. The friction plate made of nickel-titanium alloy is used for a long time, and the contact area of the friction plate made of nickel-titanium alloy and the lock disc can still achieve good braking and locking effects after the friction plate is inverted into an austenite shape.

The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.