阅读说明：本技术 一种无机气凝胶土的制备工艺 (Preparation process of inorganic aerogel soil ) 是由 王希安 许亚军 赵锟 刘访艺 徐祥东 王耀西 高迎弟 于 2021-11-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种无机气凝胶土的制备工艺,属于无机气凝胶土制备工艺技术领域。包括以下步骤：1)将水、改性剂、稳定剂、气凝胶粉体,加入到高速搅拌分散机中,然后在常温常压下以500-5000r/min搅拌3-20分钟,混合均匀获得了气凝胶浆料；2)将无机胶凝材料、无机晶须、聚丙烯纤维依次加入到步骤1获得的气凝胶浆料中,然后在常温常压下以500-5000r/min的速度搅拌3-20分钟,混合均匀获得无机气凝胶土膏状材料；3)将步骤2)获得的无机气凝胶土膏状材料在常温下静置、凝固、干燥,获得了无机气凝胶土材料。通过本发明制备工艺制得的无机气凝胶土,具有低导热、高疏水、吸音降噪的效果。(The invention relates to a preparation process of inorganic aerogel soil, belonging to the technical field of preparation processes of inorganic aerogel soil. The method comprises the following steps: 1) adding water, a modifier, a stabilizer and aerogel powder into a high-speed stirring dispersion machine, stirring for 3-20 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure at the speed of 500-; 2) sequentially adding an inorganic cementing material, inorganic whiskers and polypropylene fibers into the aerogel slurry obtained in the step (1), stirring at the speed of 500-; 3) standing, solidifying and drying the inorganic aerogel paste material obtained in the step 2) at normal temperature to obtain the inorganic aerogel material. The inorganic aerogel soil prepared by the preparation process has the effects of low heat conduction, high hydrophobicity, sound absorption and noise reduction.)

1. The preparation process of the inorganic aerogel soil is characterized by comprising the following preparation processes:

1) adding 10-100 parts of water, 0.1-5 parts of modifier, 0.1-5 parts of stabilizer and 1-20 parts of aerogel powder into a high-speed stirring dispersion machine, stirring for 3-20 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure at a speed of 500 plus 5000r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain aerogel slurry;

2) sequentially adding 10-100 parts of inorganic cementing material, 1-10 parts of inorganic whisker and 1-5 parts of polypropylene fiber into the aerogel slurry obtained in the step 1, stirring at the speed of 500-5000r/min for 3-20 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic aerogel soil paste material;

3) standing, solidifying and drying the inorganic aerogel paste material obtained in the step 2) at normal temperature to obtain the inorganic aerogel material.

2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aerogel powder in step 1) is silica aerogel powder, the particle size is 15-1000 μm, and the density is 50-200kg/m³Super-hydrophobic, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.013-0.03 w/m.k.

3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the modifier in step 1) is one or a mixture of any more of polyvinyl alcohol, dibutyl phthalate and a silane coupling agent KH602, and the stabilizer is one or a mixture of any one or more of bentonite, attapulgite, diatomite and montmorillonite.

4. The process for preparing inorganic aerogel soil according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic gelling material in step 2) is any one or more of ordinary portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, composite silicate cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, gypsum and lime.

5. The process for preparing an inorganic aerogel soil according to claim 4, wherein the whiskers in step 2) are any one or more of ceramic whiskers, calcium sulfate whiskers and calcium carbonate whiskers, and the polypropylene fibers are fibers with a length of 3-20 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation process of inorganic aerogel soil, belonging to the technical field of preparation processes of inorganic aerogel soil.

Background

The silicon dioxide aerogel is a nano porous material and has the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient, strong hydrophobic capacity, small density, high porosity, large specific surface area and the like. However, the aerogel has the defects of low strength and poor toughness, so that the current application of the aerogel mainly comprises aerogel felts and aerogel coatings, and related reports are rarely found in the market of products prepared by combining the aerogel with the traditional inorganic materials. The reason is that the aerogel has large specific surface area, low density and strong hydrophobicity, is difficult to be compatible when being combined with the inorganic gelled material, and can generate a layered floating phenomenon, and if the problems are solved, the inorganic composite thermal insulation material with certain strength, thermal insulation, sound insulation and hydrophobicity can be prepared by combining the advantages of low thermal conductivity, high hydrophobicity and density of the aerogel with the inorganic gelled material.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to explore a novel application form of an aerogel product and provide a preparation process of inorganic aerogel soil with low heat conduction, high hydrophobicity, sound absorption and noise reduction.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the preparation process of the inorganic aerogel soil is characterized by comprising the following preparation processes:

1. adding 10-100 parts of water, 0.1-5 parts of modifier, 0.1-5 parts of stabilizer and 1-20 parts of aerogel powder into a high-speed stirring dispersion machine, stirring for 3-20 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure at a speed of 500 plus 5000r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain aerogel slurry;

the surface of the aerogel is filled with hydrophobic group methyl, so that the aerogel is difficult to be compatible with water, the characteristics of water are changed under the action of the dispersing agent and the stabilizing agent, the viscosity of the aqueous solution is increased, the modified aqueous solution wraps aerogel particles in the process of rapid stirring, the mutual compatibility of aerogel and water is realized, and the non-settling and non-layering uniformly-mixed aerogel slurry is formed, the structure and the characteristics of the aerogel are not damaged in the process, namely the advantages of super-hydrophobicity and low heat conduction of the aerogel are not influenced;

2. sequentially adding 10-100 parts of inorganic cementing material, 1-10 parts of inorganic whisker and 1-5 parts of polypropylene fiber into the aerogel slurry obtained in the step 1, stirring at the speed of 500-5000r/min for 3-20 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic aerogel soil paste material;

aerogel slurries are not strong and therefore require the incorporation of inorganic gelling materials to provide strength. After the pure inorganic cementing material is added into the aerogel slurry, the phenomena of low strength, cracking, microcracks and the like may exist after the pure inorganic cementing material is cured and dried, so that materials with different scales such as inorganic whiskers, polypropylene fibers and the like are needed for composite reinforcement: the inorganic crystal whisker is compositely reinforced with an inorganic cementing material on a micrometer scale; the polypropylene fiber is reinforced by compounding with inorganic cementing material in millimeter scale. After the aerogel slurry is added with the inorganic cementing material, the inorganic crystal whisker and the polypropylene fiber, the three are mutually cooperated to enhance the strength of the whole system, so that the inorganic aerogel soil material is obtained preliminarily;

3. and (3) standing, solidifying and drying the inorganic aerogel paste material obtained in the step (2) at normal temperature to obtain the inorganic aerogel material.

The aerogel has the characteristics of small density, large specific surface area, large unit mass volume and the like, the aerogel slurry formed in the step 1 is prepared by wrapping aerogel particles with aqueous solution, and therefore, the volume of the aerogel slurry is the sum of the volume of the aqueous solution and the volume of the aerogel and is relatively large, so that the density of the inorganic aerogel soil formed after the inorganic gelling material and the reinforcing material are introduced in the step 2 is relatively small;

preferably, the aerogel powder in the step 1 is silicon dioxide aerogel powder, the particle size is 15-1000 microns, and the density is 50-200kg/m³Super-hydrophobic, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.013-0.03 w/m.k;

the aerogel is super-hydrophobic, low-density and low-heat-conductivity, and the inorganic aerogel soil obtained by adding the aerogel has the advantages of low heat conductivity, high hydrophobicity and the like;

preferably, the modifier in the step 1 is one or a mixture of any more of polyvinyl alcohol, dibutyl phthalate and a silane coupling agent KH602, and the stabilizer is one or a mixture of any one or more of bentonite, attapulgite, diatomite and montmorillonite;

the modifier and the stabilizer are coordinated and matched with each other, so that the super-hydrophobic aerogel powder and water are compatibly mixed to form an aerogel slurry system, and meanwhile, the aerogel slurry and the inorganic aerogel paste material in the subsequent step 2 are not settled, delaminated and dilute at room temperature, and finally can be solidified and cured at room temperature without adopting other special means;

preferably, the inorganic cementing material in the step 2 is any one or a mixture of more of ordinary portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, composite silicate cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, gypsum and lime;

the traditional inorganic cementing materials of cement, lime and gypsum can be hardened in the air after being stirred with water, and the combination with aerogel slurry ensures that the formed inorganic aerogel soil can be solidified and solidified at normal temperature;

preferably, the whisker in the step 2 is any one or a mixture of a plurality of ceramic whiskers, calcium sulfate whiskers and calcium carbonate whiskers, and the polypropylene fiber is a fiber with the length of 3-20 mm;

the whisker is micro-nano-scale short fiber, mainly strengthens the composite material on the micro-nano scale, and the polypropylene fiber is millimeter-scale short fiber, mainly strengthens the composite material on the millimeter scale. The whisker and the polypropylene fiber are mutually coordinated and matched, the inorganic aerogel soil is reinforced on three scales of nanometer, micrometer and millimeter, the phenomena of microcrack and cracking generated on each scale are avoided, and the strength of the inorganic aerogel soil is greatly enhanced.

The preparation process of the inorganic aerogel soil has the following beneficial effects:

1. inorganic aerogels have excellent thermal conductivity and hydrophobic properties because of the incorporation of superhydrophobic, low thermal conductivity aerogels. The aerogel and water are incompatible, and the dispersing agent and the stabilizing agent are used for mixing the aerogel and the water to form an aerogel slurry without settlement, layering and water by changing the characteristics of an aqueous solution, so that the problem that the aerogel is incompatible with the water is solved, and the excellent performance of the aerogel is ensured;

2. the inorganic cementing material is introduced into aerogel slurry for modification and compounding, so as to prepare a composite material with certain strength and toughness, and the inorganic crystal whiskers and the polypropylene fibers are reinforced composite materials on three microscales of nanometer, micrometer and millimeter, so that the prepared inorganic aerogel soil has ideal strength;

3. the problem that water and aerogel are incompatible is solved in the step 1, the problem of strength of aerogel slurry is solved in the step 2, and the water and the aerogel can be combined with each other to prepare the excellent inorganic aerogel soil material.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The preparation process of the inorganic aerogel soil provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) adding 100 parts of water, 1 part of dibutyl phthalate serving as a modifier, 1 part of bentonite, 1 part of attapulgite and 8 parts of 50-micron aerogel powder into a high-speed stirring disperser container, stirring for 10 minutes at 4000r/min at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing to obtain aerogel slurry;

(2) adding 100 parts of ordinary silicate water, 8 parts of calcium carbonate whiskers and 1.5 parts of 3mm polypropylene fibers into a container of a high-speed dispersion machine in sequence, stirring for 5 minutes at the speed of 1500r/min at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic aerogel clay paste material;

(3) and (3) standing, solidifying and drying the inorganic aerogel paste material obtained in the step (2) at room temperature to obtain the heat-insulating and sound-insulating inorganic aerogel material.

The inorganic aerogel soil has the density of 280kg/m3, the compressive strength of 0.25MPa, the thermal conductivity of 0.048 w/(m.k), the water absorption of 3 percent, the content of organic matters of less than 1 percent and grade A non-combustibility.

Example 2

The preparation process of the inorganic aerogel soil provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) adding 80 parts of water, 1 part of modifier polyvinyl alcohol, 0.6 part of bentonite, 0.6 part of attapulgite and 10 parts of 75-micron aerogel powder into a high-speed stirring disperser container, stirring for 5 minutes at the normal temperature and the normal pressure at 5000r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain aerogel slurry;

(2) sequentially adding 60 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 5 parts of calcium sulfate whiskers and 2 parts of 6mm polypropylene fibers into a container of a high-speed dispersion machine, stirring for 5 minutes at the speed of 1500r/min at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic aerogel soil paste material;

(3) and (3) standing, solidifying and drying the inorganic aerogel paste material obtained in the step (2) at room temperature to obtain the heat-insulating and sound-insulating inorganic aerogel material.

The inorganic aerogel soil has the compression strength of 0.16MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient of 0.042 w/(m.k), the water absorption of 4.3 percent, the content of organic matters of less than 2 percent and grade A non-combustibility.

Example 3

The preparation process of the inorganic aerogel soil provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) adding 100 parts of water, 6021 parts of silane coupling agent serving as a modifier, 1 part of bentonite, 1 part of attapulgite and 10 parts of 15-micron aerogel powder into a high-speed stirring disperser container, stirring for 10 minutes at the normal temperature and the normal pressure at 5000r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain aerogel slurry;

(2) sequentially adding 100 parts of ordinary portland cement, 10 parts of ceramic whiskers and 5 parts of 9mm polypropylene fibers into a container of a high-speed dispersion machine, stirring at the normal temperature and the normal pressure at the speed of 1500r/min for 5 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic aerogel soil paste material;

(3) and (3) standing, solidifying and drying the inorganic aerogel paste material obtained in the step (2) at room temperature to obtain the heat-insulating and sound-insulating inorganic aerogel material.

The inorganic aerogel soil material has the advantages of compressive strength of 0.23MPa, heat conductivity coefficient of 0.043 w/(m.k), water absorption of 2 percent and A-grade non-combustibility.

The invention solves the problem that aerogel powder and inorganic cementing material are difficult to be compatible through special formula and process breakthrough, and the inorganic aerogel soil material which can be solidified and has certain strength by standing at room temperature is prepared by compounding aerogel and water into a slurry system and then adding the inorganic cementing material. This inorganic aerogel soil insulation material is a level A fire-resistant material, and organic matter content is extremely low, not only avoids traditional heat preservation sound insulation material to release the gaseous shortcoming of harm health's VOC such as formaldehyde, has low heat conduction simultaneously moreover, strong hydrophobic, inhale the sound and fall the advantage of making an uproar, can be applied to the noise that sewer pipe produced in the building, noise between the neighbour and the cavity of building outer wall, the sound of avoiding the noisy outside transmits indoor heat preservation protection that has also carried out the building simultaneously.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.