阅读说明：本技术 一种植物源杀灭蟑螂的饵剂及其制备方法 (Plant source bait for killing cockroaches and preparation method thereof ) 是由 朱建伟 于 2021-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种植物源杀灭蟑螂的饵剂,按照100重量份计,包括饼干25-35重量份、蔗糖20-25重量份、香油5-10重量份、苦参提取物2-3重量份、籽瓜发酵液1-5重量份、肉味香精1-5重量份、狼毒2-3重量份和蒸馏水余量。本发明对蟑螂具有较强的引诱活性,可以大幅降低饵料中某些成分对蟑螂的拒避影响,易于收集处理,起到了很好的引诱加毒杀效果,且本发明复配安全性能高,对环境无污染,持效期长。(The invention provides a botanical bait for killing cockroaches, which comprises, by weight, 25-35 parts of biscuits, 20-25 parts of cane sugar, 5-10 parts of sesame oil, 2-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 1-5 parts of seed melon fermentation liquor, 1-5 parts of meat flavor, 2-3 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu and the balance of distilled water, wherein the 100 parts of the bait are calculated according to the weight parts. The compound bait has strong attraction activity on cockroaches, can greatly reduce the avoidance influence of certain components in the bait on the cockroaches, is easy to collect and treat, has good attraction, poisoning and killing effects, and has high compound safety performance, no pollution to the environment and long lasting period.)

1. A botanical bait for killing cockroaches is characterized by comprising, by weight, 25-35 parts of biscuits, 20-25 parts of cane sugar, 5-10 parts of sesame oil, 2-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 1-5 parts of seed melon fermentation liquor, 1-5 parts of meat flavor, 2-3 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu and the balance of distilled water, wherein the parts of the biscuit, the sucrose and the seed melon fermentation liquor are calculated according to 100 parts of the weight.

2. The plant-derived bait for killing cockroaches of claim 1, wherein the sophora flavescens extract and the euphorbia lathyris are extracted by ethanol reflux.

3. The plant source bait for killing cockroaches of claim 2, wherein the ethanol reflux method comprises the following specific steps: soaking the material in 60% ethanol, and extracting at 75-90 deg.C for 2-3 times (2-3 hr each time), wherein the material is radix Sophorae Flavescentis or radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae.

4. The plant-derived bait for killing cockroaches of claim 3, wherein said material has a particle size of 50-100 mesh.

5. The plant-derived bait for killing cockroaches of claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the material to the ethanol is 1: 6-8.

6. The plant-derived bait for killing cockroaches of claim 5, wherein the seed melon fermentation liquid is prepared by fermenting seed melons and rock candies in a mass ratio of 1: 1-2.

7. The plant-derived bait for killing cockroaches of claim 6, wherein the fermentation is specifically: pulping seed melon, fermenting with crystal sugar at 30-40 deg.C for 30-40d, and filtering to obtain seed melon fermentation liquid.

8. The plant-derived bait for killing cockroaches of claim 7, wherein the meat flavor is beef, chicken, pork, mutton, or duck.

9. A process for the preparation of a bait according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps:

s1: pulverizing the biscuit to 50-100 meshes for later use;

s2: mixing the crushed biscuits and cane sugar to obtain a mixture;

s3: adding meat essence and sesame oil into the mixture, stirring, sequentially adding radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract, radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae, seed melon fermentation liquid and distilled water, and stirring.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a botanical bait for killing cockroaches and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of insecticidal baits.

Background

Cockroach, broadly, refers to an insect belonging to the order "blattaria" (academic name), belongs to the phylum arthropoda, class insecta, order blattaria, commonly known as cockroach, and is a common medical insect. Cockroach bodies are flat, dark brown, usually medium in size. Small head and moving. Tentacles are long and filiform, and compound eyes are developed. The fins are flat, the front fin is a coleoptera, the back fin is a membrane fin, the front fin and the back fin are basically equal in size and cover the back of the abdomen; some have no wings. It is not good at flying and can be used for walking quickly. Incomplete metamorphosis. Spawning in the ootheca, about 6000 species, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas, and living in the field or indoors.

Cockroaches have survived on the earth for 3 hundred million years and are ancient insects, and people want to go beyond all methods due to life habits and harm to human beings. The removal is carried out by methods of environmental control, physical control, chemical control, biological control and the like.

The botanical fungicide has the characteristics of good environmental compatibility, various biological activities, difficult generation of drug resistance, wide resources, simple and feasible initial development, accordance with the concept of green plant protection and the like, conforms to the requirements of environmental protection and food safety in the current society and the concept of reasonably preventing and controlling pests, and has become a hotspot for research, development and application.

Sophora flavescens, also known as Sophora japonica, radix Codonopsis Lanceolatae, etc., is a plant of the genus Sophora in the family Leguminosae and is distributed in various regions of China. The Chinese herbal medicine has long been applied clinically, and the dried root of the Chinese herbal medicine has been used as the traditional Chinese medicine radix sophorae flavescentis for at least two thousand years, and has the effects of resisting arrhythmia, tumors, viruses, blood pressure and blood fat and the like. The pesticide is used as pesticide, bactericide and plant growth regulator in agriculture, and is a low-toxicity, low-residue and environment-friendly pesticide. At present, a plurality of chemical components are separated and identified from the lightyellow sophora root, and the chemical components are mainly divided into alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, triterpenoid saponins, lignans, phenolic acids and a small amount of phenylpropanoids. The matrine plant source pesticide has low toxicity to human and livestock, has unique action mechanism, and is a broad-spectrum insecticidal bactericide.

Radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae contains diterpene, flavone, lignanoid, volatile oil and coumarins. The radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae has effect in inhibiting Shigella shigella in vitro, and gram-negative intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, and Proteus in test tube. The water extract has different degrees of inhibition on dermatophytes, such as Trichophyton xanthum, Microsporum auduli, etc.

At present, organic chemical substances of organophosphorus, carbamate and pyrethroid with high toxicity are mainly adopted at home and abroad to prevent and treat cockroaches, so that a remarkable effect is achieved, but the household environment is seriously polluted and damaged. And long-term use of chemical insecticide causes the cockroach to be easily resistant and the residue problem to pollute the environment, thus causing great potential harm to human beings. Along with the progress of society, the development of economy and the improvement of life of people, the consciousness of food sanitation and environmental safety of people is gradually improved, and people urgently hope to replace the traditional cockroach killing agent with the cockroach biological pesticide which is pollution-free, efficient and low in cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a plant source bait for killing cockroaches and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a botanical bait for killing cockroaches comprises, by weight, 25-35 parts of biscuits, 20-25 parts of cane sugar, 5-10 parts of sesame oil, 2-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 1-5 parts of seed melon fermentation liquor, 1-5 parts of meat flavor, 2-3 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu and the balance of distilled water, wherein the weight parts of the biscuits are calculated according to 100 parts.

Preferably, the sophora flavescens extract and the radix euphorbiae lantu are both obtained by ethanol reflux extraction.

Preferably, the ethanol reflux method specifically comprises the following steps: soaking the material in 60% ethanol, and extracting at 75-90 deg.C for 2-3 times (2-3 hr each time), wherein the material is radix Sophorae Flavescentis or radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae.

Preferably, the material is 50-100 mesh radix Sophorae Flavescentis powder.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the materials to the ethanol is 1: 6-8.

Preferably, the seed melon fermentation liquid is prepared by fermenting seed melons and rock candies according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-2.

Preferably, the fermentation is specifically: pulping seed melon, fermenting with crystal sugar at 30-40 deg.C for 30-40d, and filtering to obtain seed melon fermentation liquid.

Preferably, the meat flavor essence is beef flavor, chicken flavor, pork flavor, mutton flavor or duck flavor.

By adopting the technical scheme, the matrine is a botanical pesticide, has the characteristics of specificity and naturalness, only has an effect on specific organisms, can be quickly decomposed in nature, and the final products are carbon dioxide and water. And secondly, the matrine is a plant endogenous chemical substance with activity on pests, and the components are not single, but are combined by a plurality of groups with similar chemical structures and a plurality of groups with dissimilar chemical structures, supplement each other and play a role together. Thirdly, the matrine is not easy to cause the harmful substances to generate drug resistance due to the combined action of a plurality of chemical substances, and can be used for a long time. Fourth, the corresponding pest is not directly and completely poisoned, but the production and multiplication of the plant population are not seriously influenced by controlling the number of pest biological populations. The principle of pest control in a comprehensive control system is very similar to that obtained by decades of researches after the prevention side effect of chemical pesticides is highlighted. The four points can show that the matrine is obviously different from general high-toxicity and high-residue chemical pesticides, and is very green and environment-friendly.

A preparation method of a plant source bait for killing cockroaches comprises the following steps:

s1: pulverizing the biscuit to 50-100 meshes for later use;

s2: mixing the crushed biscuits and cane sugar to obtain a mixture;

s3: adding meat essence and sesame oil into the mixture, stirring, sequentially adding radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract, radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae, seed melon fermentation liquid and distilled water, and stirring.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the compound bait has strong attraction activity on cockroaches, can greatly reduce the avoidance influence of certain components in the bait on the cockroaches, is easy to collect and treat, has good attraction, poisoning and killing effects, and has high compound safety performance, no pollution to the environment and long lasting period.

(2) The bait prepared by the invention is a plant source bait with high effect, low toxicity, low cost, convenient use and resistance delay.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Example 1

A plant source bait for killing cockroach comprises 25g of biscuit, 25g of cane sugar, 5g of sesame oil, 2g of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 5g of seed melon fermentation liquor, 3g of meat flavor, 3g of radix euphorbiae lantu and 32g of distilled water.

In this example, 50 mesh sophora flavescens is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, and extracted at 90 ℃ for 3 times, each time for 2 hours, to obtain sophora flavescens extract.

In the embodiment, 100-mesh radix euphorbiae lantu is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, and extracted for 3 times at 75 ℃ for 2h each time to obtain the radix euphorbiae lantu.

In the embodiment, seed melons are pulped, are fermented with rock sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1 at 40 ℃ for 30 days, are exhausted every 1-2 days, and are filtered to obtain seed melon fermentation liquor.

In this example, the meat-flavored essence is a beef-flavored essence.

A preparation method of a plant source bait for killing cockroaches comprises the following steps:

s1: crushing the biscuit powder to 100 meshes for later use;

s2: mixing the crushed biscuits and cane sugar to obtain a mixture;

s3: adding meat essence and sesame oil into the mixture, stirring, sequentially adding radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract, radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae, seed melon fermentation liquid and distilled water, and stirring.

Example 2

A plant source bait for killing cockroach comprises 25g of biscuit, 20g of cane sugar, 8g of sesame oil, 3g of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 5g of seed melon fermentation liquor, 4g of meat flavor, 2g of radix euphorbiae lantu and 33g of distilled water.

In this example, 80 mesh radix sophorae flavescentis was soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:7, and extracted at 80 ℃ for 2 times, each time for 2 hours, to obtain an extract of radix sophorae flavescentis.

In the embodiment, 50-mesh radix euphorbiae lantu is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:7, and extracted for 3 times at 90 ℃ for 3 hours each time to obtain the radix euphorbiae lantu.

In the embodiment, seed melons are pulped, are fermented with rock sugar at the mass ratio of 1:2 at 35 ℃ for 30 days, are exhausted every 1-2 days, and are filtered to obtain seed melon fermentation liquor.

In this embodiment, the meat-flavored essence is chicken-flavored essence.

A preparation method of a plant source bait for killing cockroaches comprises the following steps:

s1: crushing the biscuit to 50 meshes for later use;

s2: mixing the crushed biscuits and cane sugar to obtain a mixture;

s3: adding meat essence and sesame oil into the mixture, stirring, sequentially adding radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract, radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae, seed melon fermentation liquid and distilled water, and stirring.

Example 3

A plant source bait for killing cockroach comprises 20g of biscuit, 22g of cane sugar, 10g of sesame oil, 3g of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 3g of seed melon fermentation liquor, 5g of meat flavor, 2g of radix euphorbiae lantu and 25g of distilled water.

In this example, 100 mesh sophora flavescens is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, and extracted at 75 ℃ for 2 times, each time for 3 hours, to obtain sophora flavescens extract.

In the embodiment, 70-mesh radix euphorbiae lantu is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, and extracted for 3 times at 80 ℃ for 2h each time to obtain the radix euphorbiae lantu.

In the embodiment, seed melons are pulped, are fermented with rock sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1 at 35 ℃ for 40 days, are exhausted every 1-2 days, and are filtered to obtain seed melon fermentation liquor.

In this embodiment, the meat-flavored essence is pork-flavored essence.

A preparation method of a plant source bait for killing cockroaches comprises the following steps:

s1: pulverizing the biscuit to 80 meshes for later use;

s2: mixing the crushed biscuits and cane sugar to obtain a mixture;

s3: adding meat essence and sesame oil into the mixture, stirring, sequentially adding radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract, radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae, seed melon fermentation liquid and distilled water, and stirring.

Example 4

A plant source bait for killing cockroaches comprises 35g of biscuits, 25g of cane sugar, 9g of sesame oil, 2g of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 2g of seed melon fermentation liquor, 2g of meat flavor, 3g of radix euphorbiae lantu and 22g of distilled water.

In this example, 50 mesh sophora flavescens is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, and extracted at 90 ℃ for 2 times, each time for 2 hours, to obtain sophora flavescens extract.

In the embodiment, 100-mesh radix euphorbiae lantu is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:7, and is extracted for 2 times at 75 ℃ for 2h each time to obtain the radix euphorbiae lantu.

In the embodiment, seed melons are pulped, are fermented with rock sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1 at 40 ℃ for 40 days, are exhausted every 1-2 days, and are filtered to obtain seed melon fermentation liquor.

In this embodiment, the meat-flavored essence is duck meat-flavored essence.

A preparation method of a botanical bait for killing cockroaches comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.

Example 5

A plant source bait for killing cockroaches comprises 35g of biscuits, 20g of cane sugar, 7g of sesame oil, 2g of radix sophorae flavescentis extract, 4g of seed melon fermentation liquor, 1g of meat flavor, 3g of radix euphorbiae lantu and 28g of distilled water.

In this example, 80 mesh sophora flavescens is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, and extracted at 90 ℃ for 3 times, each time for 2 hours, to obtain sophora flavescens extract.

In the embodiment, 80-mesh radix euphorbiae lantu is soaked in 60% ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:7, and is extracted for 3 times at 75 ℃ for 3 hours each time to obtain the radix euphorbiae lantu.

In the embodiment, seed melons are pulped, are fermented with rock sugar at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 30 days according to the mass ratio of 1:2, are exhausted every 1-2 days, and are filtered to obtain seed melon fermentation liquor.

In this example, the meat-flavored essence is a beef-flavored essence.

A preparation method of a botanical bait for killing cockroaches comprises the following steps: the same as in example 2.

The formulation of the plant-derived cockroach killing bait of examples 1 to 5 is detailed in table 1.

Table 1 formulation of plant-derived cockroach killing bait according to example 1 to example 5

	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5
						Biscuit/g	25	25	30	35	35
Sucrose/g	25	20	22	25	20
						Sesame oil/g	5	8	10	9	7
Sophora flavescens extract/g	2	3	3	2	2
						Seed melon fermentation liquor/g	5	5	3	2	4
Meat flavor/g	3	4	5	2	1
						Radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae/g	3	2	2	3	3
Distilled water/g	32	33	25	22	28

Test example 1

And (3) test groups:

experimental groups: example 1-the bait obtained in example 5 was mixed with mouse feed at a mass ratio of 1: 2;

control group: adding mouse feed with the same mass as the experimental group;

the test method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting German cockroach with CO₂After anesthesia, adult insects with complete limbs, health, liveness and basically consistent size in suitable age are selected as test materials, and female adult insects are not provided with egg pods. 10 German cockroaches are placed in each beaker, and the two layers of gauze are covered to prevent the German cockroaches from escaping. In a beaker, degreased cotton soaked with tap water was placed to provide a water source for German cockroach, and starvation was carried out for 48 hours at 27 ℃ and 5% relative humidity.

(2) The degreased cotton soaked with tap water is taken out, the bait and the biscuits obtained in the examples 1-5 are respectively added into each beaker, the beaker is cultured at the temperature of 27 ℃ and the relative humidity of 5 percent, the death condition of the test insects is observed day by day, the death number is recorded, the death rate of the dead insects is removed, the death rates of 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours are calculated, three groups are tested in parallel, and the average value is taken.

And (3) test results: see table 2 for details.

TABLE 2 toxic effect on cockroach of baits obtained in examples 1 to 5

	Number/only of test	24h mortality/%)	48h mortality/%)	72h mortality/%)	96h mortality/%)
						Control group	60	0	0	0	0
Example 1	60	16.7	36.7	53.3	70.0
						Example 2	60	20.0	33.3	50.0	66.7
Example 3	60	21.67	41.7	55.0	75.0
						Example 4	60	21.67	36.7	51.7	71.7
Example 5	60	25.0	38.3	58.3	68.3

As can be seen from the table above, the toxic effect of the bait on the cockroaches is larger and larger along with the prolonging of the culture time, and the death rate of the cockroaches reaches more than 50% after 72 hours, which indicates that the bait obtained by the method has stronger toxic effect on the cockroaches.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.