阅读说明：本技术 异型零件超长孔镗削加工方法 (Boring method for overlong hole of special-shaped part ) 是由 周铭 袁光文 邱国良 邹志辉 于 2021-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了异型零件超长孔镗削加工方法,它包括以下步骤：步骤一：预钻孔；步骤二：建立工艺孔；步骤三：制作专用刀杆；步骤四：制作导向衬套；步骤五：镗孔加工。此加工方法通过采用利用数控机床优势及新刀具应用、通过设计专用镗刀杆及滑动衬套,掉头加工的方法完成长孔镗孔加工,达到提升加工效率,降低加工成本的目的。(The invention provides a boring processing method for an overlong hole of a special-shaped part, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: pre-drilling; step two: establishing a process hole; step three: manufacturing a special cutter bar; step four: manufacturing a guide bushing; step five: and (6) boring. The processing method completes the long hole boring processing by adopting a method of turning around by utilizing the advantages of a numerical control machine tool and the application of a new tool and designing a special boring cutter rod and a sliding bush, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the processing efficiency and reducing the processing cost.)

1. The boring processing method of the overlong hole of the special-shaped part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: pre-drilling;

step two: establishing a process hole;

step three: manufacturing a special cutter bar;

step four: manufacturing a guide bushing;

step five: and (6) boring.

2. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein: selecting a numerical control boring machine with a revolving table to process parts, and selecting a large-diameter deep hole drill; and drilling one end of the part by using a numerical control boring machine, turning the part by using a rotary table after the part is machined to a certain depth, and drilling the other end of the part to complete the pre-drilling of the part.

3. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 2, wherein: the selected numerical control boring machine is an in-band cooling boring machine;

the large-diameter deep hole drill is a high-step extra-large-diameter deep hole drill;

linear velocity V of drilling_c≥100m/min；

The maximum depth of the one-way drilling hole of the pre-drilled hole is 700 cm;

the aperture phi B of the pre-drilled hole is smaller than the aperture phi A of the standard hole to be processed.

4. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein: and the specific operation process of the second step is that the two ends of the pre-drilled hole in the first step are provided with the process holes, wherein the diameter size of the process holes is controlled to be phi A +0.1, the depth is processed to be 500cm, and the front and rear sizes are consistent and are used for supporting the guide sleeve in the subsequent boring operation.

5. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein: the special cutter bar in the third step adopts a cutter bar joint module which has the diameter phi B and is equal to the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole drill; the cutter bar joint module is used for lengthening the large-diameter deep hole drill to phi B multiplied by 900cm and butting the original large-diameter deep hole drill with the cutter bar joint module; and continuously drilling the two ends of the pre-drilled hole until the pre-drilled holes at the two ends are drilled through so as to facilitate the discharge of scrap iron during subsequent boring.

6. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein: the guide bush in the fourth step is used for supporting the boring cutter rod; the inner diameter phi C of the guide bush is equal to the outer diameter phi D of the boring cutter rod, and the outer diameter of the guide bush is equal to the aperture phi A of the standard hole.

7. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 6, wherein: the inner diameter phi C of the guide bushing is controlled to be phi C + 0.2; the outer diameter of the boring cutter bar is controlled to be phi C + 0.1; the outer diameter of the guide bush is controlled to be phi A-0.1.

8. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that: the guide bush hole is equipped with two annular oil storage chambeies, and the inner wall links to each other with the oil storage chamber in three grooves in 120 positions, plays the lubrication action, reduces the frictional force between cutter arbor and guide bush, and the guide bush material chooses for use QT400 cast iron or brass material.

9. The method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein: and the concrete operation in the fifth step is that the boring cutter bar is supported by the guide bush, the guide bush freely slides in the hole, iron chips are smoothly discharged from the back during boring, and segmented processing is adopted.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a boring processing method for an ultra-long hole of a special-shaped part, belonging to the technical field of deep hole processing.

Background

In the process of processing a long hole of a bearing seat of a certain company, the part is a cuboid of 1700 multiplied by 990 multiplied by 350cm, the processing content is mainly concentrated on the processing before welding of various oil holes, pipeline holes, pipe threads and bearing holes, the processing precision requirement is not high, but the processing difficulty is large, the processing difficulty is the long hole processing of phi 130 multiplied by 1700cm, and due to the irregular shape, a deep hole drilling machine tool cannot process the long hole and can only complete the processing on a boring machine. In order to finish the phi 130 hole machining, a common boring machine needs to finish the drilling, expanding and boring steps, and boring bars with different specifications and lengths need to be replaced to perform segmented machining in the boring process, so that time and labor are consumed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a boring method for an overlong hole of a special-shaped part, which finishes the boring of the long hole by utilizing the advantages of a numerical control machine tool and the application of a new tool and by designing a special boring cutter rod and a sliding bush and turning around, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the machining efficiency and reducing the machining cost.

In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: the boring processing method of the overlong hole of the special-shaped part comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: pre-drilling;

step two: establishing a process hole;

step three: manufacturing a special cutter bar;

step four: manufacturing a guide bushing;

step five: and (6) boring.

Selecting a numerical control boring machine with a revolving table to process parts, and selecting a large-diameter deep hole drill; and drilling one end of the part by using a numerical control boring machine, turning the part by using a rotary table after the part is machined to a certain depth, and drilling the other end of the part to complete the pre-drilling of the part.

The selected numerical control boring machine is an in-band cooling boring machine;

the large-diameter deep hole drill is a high-step extra-large-diameter deep hole drill;

linear velocity V of drilling_c≥100m/min；

The maximum depth of the one-way drilling hole of the pre-drilled hole is 700 cm;

the aperture phi B of the pre-drilled hole is smaller than the aperture phi A of the standard hole to be processed.

And the specific operation process of the second step is that the two ends of the pre-drilled hole in the first step are provided with the process holes, wherein the diameter size of the process holes is controlled to be phi A +0.1, the depth is processed to be 500cm, and the front and rear sizes are consistent and are used for supporting the guide sleeve in the subsequent boring operation.

The special cutter bar in the third step adopts a cutter bar joint module which has the diameter phi B and is equal to the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole drill; the cutter bar joint module is used for lengthening the large-diameter deep hole drill to phi B multiplied by 900cm and butting the original large-diameter deep hole drill with the cutter bar joint module; and continuously drilling the two ends of the pre-drilled hole until the pre-drilled holes at the two ends are drilled through so as to facilitate the discharge of scrap iron during subsequent boring.

The guide bush in the fourth step is used for supporting the boring cutter rod; the inner diameter phi C of the guide bush is equal to the outer diameter phi D of the boring cutter rod, and the outer diameter of the guide bush is equal to the aperture phi A of the standard hole.

The inner diameter phi C of the guide bushing is controlled to be phi C + 0.2; the outer diameter of the boring cutter bar is controlled to be phi C + 0.1; the outer diameter of the guide bush is controlled to be phi A-0.1.

The guide bush hole is equipped with two annular oil storage chambeies, and the inner wall links to each other with the oil storage chamber in three grooves in 120 positions, plays the lubrication action, reduces the frictional force between cutter arbor and guide bush, and the guide bush material chooses for use QT400 cast iron or brass material.

And the concrete operation in the fifth step is that the boring cutter bar is supported by the guide bush, the guide bush freely slides in the hole, iron chips are smoothly discharged from the back during boring, and segmented processing is adopted.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts the high-efficiency large-diameter inner-cooling drill bit to drill, the cutting parameter S =300/F =30 of the cutter, only 25-30 minutes are needed for machining one hole, the machining efficiency is more than 10 times of that of the common drill bit, the boring cutter bar and the guide bush tool are designed simply and reasonably by establishing the process hole, the boring of the long hole is completed by turning around, the method is simple and easy to operate, the machining process is stable and reliable, and the machining problem of the long hole of the special-shaped part is effectively solved.

2. The invention completes the long hole boring processing by utilizing the advantages of the numerical control machine tool and the application of a new tool and by designing a special boring cutter rod and a sliding bush and adopting a turning processing method, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the processing efficiency and reducing the processing cost.

3. By adopting the processing method, the problems of high processing difficulty and low efficiency on a common boring and milling machine are solved, and the processing method is convenient to operate and has high efficiency.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a part to be machined in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of a part to be machined in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention completing the fabrication of a tooling hole.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of a tool bar joint module according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front sectional view of a guide bushing of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a left side sectional view of the guide bushing of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a view showing the structure of the boring bar according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the boring process of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the method for boring the overlong hole of the special-shaped part comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: pre-drilling;

step two: establishing a process hole;

step three: manufacturing a special cutter bar;

step four: manufacturing a guide bushing;

step five: and (6) boring.

Further, the specific operation process of the first step is to select a numerical control boring machine with a revolving table to process parts and select a large-diameter deep hole drill; and drilling one end of the part by using a numerical control boring machine, turning the part by using a rotary table after the part is machined to a certain depth, and drilling the other end of the part to complete the pre-drilling of the part.

Further, the selected numerical control boring machine is an in-band cooling boring machine; the inner-cooling boring machine is adopted to play a certain cooling effect.

Furthermore, the large-diameter deep hole drill is a high-step extra-large-diameter deep hole drill;

further, the linear velocity V of the drilling hole_cMore than or equal to 100 m/min; through adopting foretell drilling speed, effectual drilling efficiency that has improved.

Further, the maximum depth of the one-way drilling hole of the pre-drilling hole is 700 cm;

further, the aperture phi B of the pre-drilled hole is smaller than the aperture phi A of the standard hole to be processed.

Further, the specific operation process of the second step is to establish process holes at two ends of the pre-drilled hole in the first step, wherein the diameter size of the process hole is controlled to be phi A +0.1, the depth is processed to be 500cm, and the front and rear sizes are consistent, so that the process holes are used for supporting the guide sleeve in the subsequent boring operation.

Furthermore, the special cutter bar in the third step adopts a cutter bar joint module which has the diameter phi B and is equal to the diameter of the large-diameter deep hole drill; the cutter bar joint module is used for lengthening the large-diameter deep hole drill to phi B multiplied by 900cm and butting the original large-diameter deep hole drill with the cutter bar joint module; and continuously drilling the two ends of the pre-drilled hole until the pre-drilled holes at the two ends are drilled through so as to facilitate the discharge of scrap iron during subsequent boring.

Furthermore, the guide bush in the fourth step is used for supporting the boring cutter rod; the inner diameter phi C of the guide bush is equal to the outer diameter phi D of the boring cutter rod, and the outer diameter of the guide bush is equal to the aperture phi A of the standard hole.

Further, the inner diameter phi C of the guide bushing is controlled to be phi C + 0.2; the outer diameter of the boring cutter bar is controlled to be phi C + 0.1; the outer diameter of the guide bush is controlled to be phi A-0.1.

Furthermore, the guide bush hole is equipped with two cyclic annular oil storage chambeies, and the inner wall links to each other with the oil storage chamber in three grooves in 120 positions, plays the lubrication action, reduces the frictional force between cutter arbor and guide bush, and the guide bush material chooses for use QT400 cast iron or brass material.

Further, the fifth step is specifically operated in that the boring cutter bar is supported by the guide bush, the guide bush freely slides in the hole, iron chips are smoothly discharged from the back during boring, and segmented processing is adopted.

Example 2:

the technical scheme of the invention is to finish deep hole processing by a plurality of steps of pre-drilling, establishing a process hole, manufacturing a special cutter bar, manufacturing a guide bush and boring.

The method comprises the following steps: and (5) pre-drilling.

Because the part is a cuboid structure, the size of the part reaches 1700cm multiplied by 990cm, the phi 130 long hole to be processed is parallel to the length direction, and because the length of the part is too long, an in-band cooling numerical control boring machine is selected, a high-step super-large-diameter deep hole drill is used for completing pre-drilling processing on the boring machine by turning around a rotary worktable, and the cutter has the advantages that the diameter of one-time drilling is large, and the linear speed V of the drilling is high_cNot less than 100m/min, and high processing efficiency.

Step two: and establishing a process hole.

In order to support the guide bush for subsequent boring, process holes are required to be established at two ends of a phi 130 hole, the diameter size of the hole is controlled to be phi 130 +0.1, the depth is processed to 500cm, the front and rear sizes are consistent, and the guide bush is used for supporting.

Step three: and manufacturing a special cutter bar.

And (3) drilling and lengthening the large-diameter deep hole of phi 110 multiplied by 700 to phi 110 multiplied by 900 by using a 200mm constant diameter module, continuously drilling at two ends, and drilling through the hole with the size of 1700, so that scrap iron can be conveniently discharged in subsequent boring.

Step four: and manufacturing a guide bush.

Due to the fact that the hole is too long, the cutter bar of the U-turn boring hole can not be used normally when the overhang reaches 1.2 m, and a guide bush must be added to the cutter bar. A BT50 handle is designed, a boring cutter rod with the length of phi 90 plus 0.1 multiplied by 1200cm is designed, the inner diameter of a guide bushing is matched with the size phi 90 plus 0.2 according to the outer diameter of the cutter rod, the outer diameter of the bushing is matched with the size phi 130-0.1 according to the size diameter of a machining hole, a certain gap is reserved, two annular oil storage cavities are arranged in an inner hole of the bushing, three grooves in the position of 120 degrees of the inner wall are connected with the oil storage cavities, a good lubricating effect can be achieved, the friction force between the cutter rod and the bushing is reduced, and the bushing is made of QT400 cast iron or brass.

Step five: and (6) boring.

Due to the support of the guide bush in the boring processing, the welding cutter is adopted, so that the large tool consumption can be ensured, the single side is 5mm, the cutting vibration of the cutter is effectively eliminated, and the processing process is more stable. Because the hole has bored through, the iron fillings are discharged smoothly from the back during the bore hole, have increased the continuity of bore hole, and the course of working is stable, because adopts segmentation processing, machining efficiency promotes obviously.