阅读说明：本技术 一种高可靠性前沿高压脉冲发生器 (High-reliability front-edge high-voltage pulse generator ) 是由 周良骥 王杰 蒋吉昊 赵越 夏明鹤 谢卫平 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高可靠性前沿高压脉冲发生器,通过将激光触发气体开关与电容器组紧密连接,并将电容器组中的各电容紧密结合,同时将输出电缆紧贴油箱的侧壁,以设计出极为简化的脉冲发生电路,利于产生快前沿脉冲,同时缩小了整个脉冲发生器的回路面积,保证了极低的回路多电感。同时,采用激光触发气体开关作为输出开关,可以工作于极低的欠压比,提高触发可靠性。(The invention discloses a high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator, which is characterized in that a laser trigger gas switch is tightly connected with a capacitor bank, capacitors in the capacitor bank are tightly combined, and an output cable is tightly attached to the side wall of an oil tank, so that a very simplified pulse generating circuit is designed, fast leading-edge pulses can be generated easily, the loop area of the whole pulse generator is reduced, and extremely low loop multi-inductance is ensured. Meanwhile, the laser trigger gas switch is used as an output switch, so that the laser trigger gas switch can work at an extremely low under-voltage ratio, and the trigger reliability is improved.)

1. A high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator is characterized by comprising a pulse generator arranged in an oil tank (7)The laser trigger gas switch comprises a laser trigger gas switch (1), wherein a laser introducing channel (3) is arranged above the laser trigger gas switch (1), and the laser trigger gas switch (1) is in sealing contact with the laser introducing channel (3); a focusing lens (5) is arranged in the laser introducing channel (3) so as to enable the laser probability density to reach 1012W/cm²The side wall of the laser introducing channel (3) is provided with a switch inflating air nozzle (4); one side of laser trigger gas switch (1) is connected with capacitor bank (14), each condenser in capacitor bank (14) separates through second insulating barrier (9), output cable (6) and ground connection are connected in capacitor bank (14), output cable (6) are connected with the lateral wall of oil tank (7) through first insulating barrier (8), are provided with gas circuit interface (2) on oil tank (6) lateral wall of keeping away from capacitor bank (14) for the switching of gas circuit when passing the oil tank wall.

2. The high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein the laser trigger gas switch (1) comprises a switch insulating cylinder with two cylindrical openings, two main switch electrodes are fixedly connected to two ends of the switch insulating cylinder through bolts respectively, and the two main switch electrodes are both recessed towards opposite sides;

when positive polarity pulse needs to be output, the main switch electrode on the upper surface of the laser trigger gas switch (1) is a negative electrode, and the main switch electrode on the lower surface of the laser trigger gas switch is a positive electrode; when a negative pulse needs to be output, the main switch electrode on the upper surface of the laser trigger gas switch (1) is the positive electrode, and the main switch electrode on the lower surface of the laser trigger gas switch is the negative electrode.

3. A high reliability leading edge high voltage pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser triggered gas switch (1) is connected to the capacitor bank (9) through a capacitor electrode (10).

4. A high reliability leading-edge high voltage pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein said capacitor bank (14) comprises two capacitors connected in parallel, which are separated from each other up and down by a second insulating partition (9); one of the capacitors is grounded, and the other capacitor is connected with an output cable (6).

5. A high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the capacitors connected with the output cables (6) are provided with metal sockets, the metal sockets are connected with the capacitor electrodes through screws, the tail ends of all the output cables are provided with matched plugs, and the output cables (6) are connected with the corresponding capacitors through the matched plug sockets.

6. The high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein two gas path interfaces (2) are arranged on the side wall of the oil tank (7), and the gas path interfaces (2) are determined according to the specification of a gas path pipeline.

7. The high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein a second insulating bottom plate (12) is arranged on a tank bottom plate (13) of the oil tank (7), a first insulating bottom plate (11) is arranged on the second insulating bottom plate (12), and the first insulating bottom plate (11) is connected with the bottoms of the laser-triggered gas switch (1) and the capacitor bank (14) and used for supporting the laser-triggered gas switch (1) and the capacitor bank (14) and isolating the laser-triggered gas switch (1), the capacitor bank (14) and the side wall of the oil tank (6).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pulse generators, in particular to a high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator.

Background

In the field of research of pulse power technology, a switch is the most core device and determines the main performance of the whole pulse power device. Currently, the most widely used switch with the highest power level is the gas spark switch, and a high-reliability, fast-front-edge high-voltage pulse generator is required as a trigger source to make the gas spark switch act accurately according to a predetermined time sequence and ensure high reliability.

Currently, high voltage pulse generators for gas spark switch triggering mainly comprise two types: one is a trigger based on a compact Marx generator, and the other is a trigger based on a multi-stage pulse amplification technology. However, the number of devices included in the Marx generator is large, each device has a probability of failure, the multi-stage pulse amplification technology has many technical links, each link has a probability of failure, and in general, both the devices and the links cannot achieve high reliability. In addition, the circuit structure of the Marx generator is complex, the compact structure of the loop is difficult to design, and the energy storage capacity must be reduced to obtain the faster leading edge of the output pulse, so that the pulse width of the output pulse is correspondingly reduced, and the application of triggering is not facilitated; the multi-stage pulse amplification technology comprises a plurality of amplification links, the discharge switch of each amplification link has conduction time jitter, and extremely low output time jitter (less than 3ns) is difficult to obtain, so that the multi-stage pulse amplification technology is not beneficial to synchronous operation of a plurality of multi-stage pulse amplification systems to construct a trigger system with a large number of output paths.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the traditional Marx generator for triggering a gas spark switch is complex in structure, the trigger based on the multistage pulse amplification technology has high failure probability and is not beneficial to triggering a triggering system with a large number of output circuits, and therefore, the invention provides a high-reliability leading edge high-voltage pulse generator which adopts a simple and compact circuit structure to realize faster output pulse leading edge and adopts a laser trigger switch as an output switch to realize extremely high reliability.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator comprises a laser-triggered gas switch arranged in an oil tank,a laser introducing channel is arranged above the laser trigger gas switch, and the laser trigger gas switch is in sealing contact with the laser introducing channel; a focusing lens is arranged in the laser introducing channel to ensure that the laser probability density reaches 1012W/cm²The side wall of the laser introducing channel is provided with a switch inflating nozzle; one side that laser triggered gas switch is connected with the capacitor bank, each condenser in the capacitor bank separates through second insulating barrier, output cable and ground connection are connected to the capacitor bank, output cable is connected with the lateral wall of oil tank through first insulating barrier, keeps away from to be provided with the gas circuit interface on the oil tank lateral wall of capacitor bank for the switching of gas circuit when passing the oil tank wall.

Furthermore, the laser trigger gas switch comprises a switch insulating cylinder with openings at two ends in a cylindrical shape, two main switch electrodes are fixedly connected to two ends of the switch insulating cylinder through bolts respectively, and the two main switch electrodes are both sunken towards opposite sides;

when positive polarity pulse needs to be output, the main switch electrode on the laser trigger gas switch is a negative electrode, and the main switch electrode on the lower side is a positive electrode; when a negative pulse needs to be output, the main switch electrode on the laser trigger gas switch is the positive electrode, and the main switch electrode on the lower side is the negative electrode.

Further, the laser triggered gas switch is connected to the capacitor bank through a capacitor electrode.

Further, the capacitor bank comprises two capacitors connected in parallel, and the two capacitors connected in parallel are vertically separated by a second insulating partition plate; one of the capacitors is grounded, and the other capacitor is connected with an output cable.

Furthermore, a metal socket is arranged on the capacitor connected with the output cable, the metal socket is connected with the electrode of the capacitor through a screw, matched plugs are arranged at the tail ends of all the output cables, and the output cables are connected with the corresponding capacitors through the matched plugs and sockets.

Furthermore, two gas circuit interfaces are arranged on the side wall of the oil tank and are determined according to the specification of the gas circuit pipeline.

Further, be provided with the second insulating bottom plate on the oil tank bottom plate of oil tank, be provided with first insulating bottom plate on the insulating bottom plate, first insulating bottom plate is connected bottom laser trigger gas switch and capacitor bank for support laser trigger gas switch and capacitor bank, and keep apart laser trigger gas switch, capacitor bank and oil tank lateral wall.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the laser trigger gas switch is tightly connected with the capacitor bank, all capacitors in the capacitor bank are tightly combined, and the output cable is tightly attached to the side wall of the oil tank, so that a very simplified pulse generating circuit is designed, and generation of fast front-edge pulses is facilitated; meanwhile, because of the inductance of the discharge loop:in the formula, L is inductance, phi is loop magnetic flux, I is loop current, B is magnetic induction intensity, and S is loop area, so that the invention reduces loop inductance by reducing the loop area as much as possible, thereby ensuring that the pulse generator can achieve extremely low loop multi-inductance.

2. The pulse generator only comprises two capacitors and one switch, and the number of devices is small, so that the pulse generator is ensured to have higher reliability; meanwhile, the laser triggered gas switch is used as an output switch, so that the laser triggered gas switch can work at an extremely low under-voltage ratio and can also obtain extremely high reliability.

3. The focusing lens is arranged in the laser introducing channel above the laser trigger gas switch, so that laser can be focused at the middle position of the switch gap, and the switch is reliably triggered.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator according to the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-laser triggering a gas switch; 2-gas path interface; 3-laser introduction channel; 4-opening and closing the inflating nozzle; 5-a focusing lens; 6-output cable; 7-an oil tank; 8-a first insulating spacer; 9-a second insulating spacer; 10-a capacitor electrode; 11-a first insulating base plate; 12-a second insulating base plate; 13-oil tank bottom plate; 14-capacitor bank.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a high-reliability leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator, and its corresponding equivalent circuit diagram is shown in fig. 2. Specifically, this high reliability leading edge high voltage pulse generator is including setting up laser trigger gas switch 1 in oil tank 7, and laser trigger gas switch 1's top is provided with laser and introduces passageway 3, and laser trigger gas switch 1 and laser introduce passageway 3 need sealing contact, guarantee that the interior gas of switch does not reveal, guarantee the interior gas pressure of switch.

Specifically, the laser trigger gas switch 1 includes a switch insulating cylinder with openings at both ends thereof in a cylindrical shape, a main switch electrode is fixedly connected to both ends of the switch insulating cylinder through bolts, and both the main switch electrodes are recessed toward opposite sides. When positive polarity pulse needs to be output, the main switch electrode on the upper surface of the laser trigger gas switch 1 is a negative electrode, and the main switch electrode on the lower surface is a positive electrode; when a negative pulse needs to be output, the main switch electrode above the laser trigger gas switch 1 is the positive electrode, and the main switch electrode below is the negative electrode. In general, it is necessary to output a negative polarity pulse, that is, the upper main switching electrode is charged with positive polarity, and the lower main switching electrode is charged with negative polarity.

Since the on-time of the switch is jittered by several ns, the present implementationIn the example, a focusing lens 5 is arranged in the laser introducing passage 3 so that the probability density of the laser reaches 1012W/cm²Therefore, the gas is ensured to be rapidly punctured. Meanwhile, a switch inflation nozzle 4 is arranged on the side wall of the laser introducing channel 3 and used for inflating the laser trigger gas switch 1.

One side of the laser trigger gas switch 1 is connected with a capacitor bank 14, capacitors in the capacitor bank 14 are separated through a second insulating partition plate 9, the capacitor bank 14 is connected with an output cable 6 and grounded, the output cable 6 is connected with the side wall of the oil tank 7 through a first insulating partition plate 8, so that the output cable is close to the side wall of the oil tank 7, and the area of a discharge loop is greatly reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the insulating partition plate 8 is set to 5mm, so that the overall inductance of the loop is less than 300nH, and the leading edge of the output pulse is less than 30ns, which meets the triggering requirement.

In addition, in the present embodiment, an air passage interface 2 is provided on a side wall of the oil tank 6 away from the capacitor bank 14, for adapting an air passage when the air passage passes through the wall of the oil tank.

Further, the laser triggered gas switch 1 is connected to a capacitor bank 9 via a capacitor electrode 10.

Further, the capacitor bank 14 comprises two capacitors connected in parallel, and the two capacitors connected in parallel are vertically separated by the second insulating partition 9; wherein, one capacitor is grounded, and the other capacitor is connected with the output cable 6, and the volume of the pulse generator can be reduced by closely attaching the two capacitors.

Furthermore, a metal socket is arranged on the capacitor connected with the output cable 6, the metal socket is connected with the capacitor electrode through a screw, the tail ends of all the output cables are provided with matched plugs, and the output cable 6 is connected with the corresponding capacitor through the matched plug socket.

Furthermore, two gas circuit interfaces 2 are arranged on the side wall of the oil tank 7, and the gas circuit interfaces 2 are determined according to the specification of a gas circuit pipeline.

Further, a second insulating base 12 is arranged on a tank bottom plate 13 of the oil tank 7, a first insulating base 11 is arranged on the second insulating base 12, and the first insulating base 11 is connected with the bottoms of the laser trigger gas switch 1 and the capacitor bank 14 and used for supporting the laser trigger gas switch 1 and the capacitor bank 14 and isolating the laser trigger gas switch 1, the capacitor bank 14 and the side wall of the oil tank 6.

In particular, a gas (e.g. air, N) is used between the two electrodes of the laser triggered gas switch 1₂、SF₆And the like) as an insulating medium, and the gas breakdown is realized by an external triggering method to realize the switch conduction. The external triggering process specifically comprises the following steps: ultraviolet pulse laser is focused in an electrode gap of the laser trigger gas switch 1 through a focusing lens 5 in the laser introducing channel 3, so that gas in the electrode gap is quickly ionized to realize the conduction of the laser trigger gas switch 1.

When the laser trigger gas switch 1 operates, the ratio of the voltage applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the self-breakdown voltage thereof is called the operating coefficient, and as shown in table 1, the ratio is a typical relationship between the self-discharge probability and the operating coefficient of the gas switch.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from table 1, the smaller the working coefficient is, the lower the spontaneous probability is (the higher the reliability is), and the advantage of laser-triggered gas switches is that, using laser triggering, it is possible to make the working coefficient of the switch extremely low (less than 50%) during operation, while ensuring extremely small on-time jitter of the switch, i.e. achieving both extremely high reliability and extremely small on-time jitter of the pulse generator.

The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.