阅读说明：本技术 矿渣与污泥为主材的陶粒及该陶粒的制造工艺 (Ceramsite taking slag and sludge as main materials and manufacturing process of ceramsite ) 是由 冯玉林 黄珂靓 高鸽 侯宇 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明采用矿渣与污泥为主材的陶粒及该陶粒的制造工艺,是一种对工业矿渣以及污水处理厂的污泥进行无害化、资源化废物利用的工艺,首先按比例将烘干并磨成细粉的矿渣和污泥与黏土以及膨胀剂混合均匀,然后加适量的水搅拌均匀和成可塑型的料团,并将料团加工成多个粒径在8-15mm的球形坯,再将球形坯放入烘箱中在105℃条件下干燥2h,最后将干燥好的球形坯转移到马弗炉中,先在350-400℃的温度条件下预热保温8-15分钟,然后在1120-1150℃的温度条件下焙烧8-10分钟,等焙烧结束后再冷却至室温即可得到烧制好的陶粒。其中,黏土可作为粘结剂增加原料的粘结性和成球性能,加膨胀剂目的是增加陶粒的内部孔隙,并使其达到质轻的目的。(The invention adopts the porcelain granules with slag and sludge as main materials and the manufacturing process of the porcelain granules, which is a process for carrying out harmless and resource waste utilization on industrial slag and sludge of sewage treatment plants, firstly, the slag and the sludge which are dried and ground into fine powder are uniformly mixed with clay and expanding agent according to a proportion, then, a proper amount of water is added for stirring and uniformly forming a moldable briquette, the briquette is processed into a plurality of spherical blanks with the particle size of 8-15mm, then, the spherical blanks are placed into a drying oven for drying for 2 hours at 105 ℃, finally, the dried spherical blanks are transferred into a muffle furnace, are preheated and insulated for 8-15 minutes under the temperature condition of 350-. Wherein, the clay can be used as a binder to increase the cohesiveness and the balling performance of the raw materials, and the expanding agent is added to increase the internal pores of the ceramsite and achieve the aim of light weight.)

1. A haydite with slag and sludge as main materials is characterized in that: the raw materials consist of slag, sludge, clay and a swelling agent, and the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass:

20-45% of slag;

20-45% of sludge;

20-45% of clay;

7-15% of swelling agent.

2. The ceramsite which takes slag and sludge as main materials according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 32.5% of slag, 32.5% of sludge, 24% of clay and 11% of swelling agent.

3. A manufacturing process of ceramsite taking slag and sludge as main materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, preparing main materials, respectively drying slag and sludge to constant weight, and respectively grinding the dried slag and sludge into fine powder;

step two, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the prepared main material, clay and an expanding agent according to the mass percentage of 20-45% of the slag, 20-45% of the sludge, 20-45% of the clay and 7-15% of the expanding agent to obtain a mixed raw material, and then adding a proper amount of water into the mixed raw material and uniformly stirring to form a plastic briquette;

step three, forming, namely granulating the material mass to manufacture a plurality of spherical blanks with the diameters of 8-15 mm;

drying, namely drying the spherical green body for 2 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain a dried spherical green body;

and step five, firing the spherical blank into pottery, preheating and insulating the dried spherical blank for 8-15min at the temperature of 350-400 ℃, then firing the spherical blank for 8-10min at the temperature of 1120-1150 ℃, and cooling the spherical blank to room temperature after the firing to obtain the spherical ceramsite.

4. The manufacturing process of ceramsite with slag and sludge as main materials according to claim 3, wherein the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: in the first step, the sludge and the slag can be sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.

5. The manufacturing process of ceramsite according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the ceramsite comprises slag and sludge as main materials, and is characterized in that: in the second step, the mass of the water added to the mixed raw material is 20-25% of the mass of the mixed raw material.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling treatment of slag and sludge, and particularly relates to ceramsite taking slag and sludge as main materials and a manufacturing process of the ceramsite.

Background

The tailings are industrial solid wastes with the largest output and stockpiling quantity in China, particularly a large amount of metal sulfides in a metal mine tailing pond are harmful to the environment, and meanwhile, a plurality of useful elements and components in the tailings pond have recycling value; the development and utilization of copper minerals in China have a long history, and because the copper tailings have high heavy metal content and low organic matter content, the copper tailings inevitably cover the original ecological system when stacked, and certain influence is caused on a tailing pond and the surrounding ecological environment. The resources and the environment are hot problems of global attention, and the important tasks of finding the utilization potential of tailing resources, improving the comprehensive utilization level, strengthening the protection of the mine environment and advocating the construction of green mines are the current in the face of the increase of the development of the economic society of China on the rigidity requirement of the mineral resources and the increasing attention on the comprehensive utilization of various mineral resources

In addition, in recent years, China pays high attention to the problem of water pollution treatment, and more sewage plants are built. Sludge, which is a solid or semi-solid waste generated in a water treatment process in a municipal sewage treatment plant, increases as the amount of sewage treatment increases. Because the sludge of the sewage plant contains various organic components and inorganic components, a large amount of organic pollutants are easy to decay and smell, and seriously affect the sanitation condition of the environment, and toxic organic matters, heavy metals, pathogenic bacteria and the like contained in the sludge have toxicity and nondegradability, if the sludge is not safely treated, the pollutants circulate through different forms of biological chains, and potential safety hazards are generated to soil, rivers and even human bodies in the growth period.

Slag and sludge are used as two wastes with large output and serious environmental pollution, and no perfect treatment method exists for the two wastes at present. Most of the production raw materials of the traditional ceramsite are clay, shale and other non-renewable resources. If the two wastes, namely the slag and the sludge of a sewage treatment plant, can be comprehensively recycled and reused and can be used as materials for manufacturing the ceramsite, the pollution problem of waste materials is solved, and the resource problem of shortage of ceramsite raw materials is relieved to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a ceramsite taking slag and sludge as main materials and a manufacturing process of the ceramsite, and mainly solves the technical problems that: how to utilize two wastes of slag and sludge and realize the purpose of preparing ceramsite by using sludge of a domestic sewage treatment plant and gangue slag of the Dexing copper mine as main raw materials.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a ceramsite taking slag and sludge as main materials, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

20-45% of slag;

20-45% of sludge;

20-45% of clay;

7-15% of swelling agent.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 32.5% of slag, 32.5% of sludge, 24% of clay and 11% of swelling agent.

In addition, according to the raw material composition, the invention provides a manufacturing process of ceramsite taking slag and sludge as main materials, which comprises the following steps:

step one, preparing main materials, respectively drying slag and sludge to constant weight, and respectively grinding the dried slag and sludge into fine powder;

step two, mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing the prepared main material, clay and an expanding agent according to the mass percentage of 20-45% of the slag, 20-45% of the sludge, 20-45% of the clay and 7-15% of the expanding agent to obtain a mixed raw material, and then adding a proper amount of water into the mixed raw material and uniformly stirring to form a plastic briquette;

step three, forming, namely granulating the material mass to manufacture a plurality of spherical blanks with the diameters of 8-15 mm;

drying, namely drying the spherical green body for 2 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain a dried spherical green body;

and step five, firing the spherical blank into pottery, preheating and insulating the dried spherical blank for 8-15min at the temperature of 350-400 ℃, then firing the spherical blank for 8-10min at the temperature of 1120-1150 ℃, and cooling the spherical blank to room temperature after the firing to obtain the spherical ceramsite.

Preferably: in the first step, the sludge and the slag can be sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.

Preferably: in the second step, the mass of the water added to the mixed raw material is 20-25% of the mass of the mixed raw material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention takes the sludge and the slag as main raw materials to manufacture the ceramsite, and the sludge and the slag as two pollutants are solidified, so that the waste is changed into valuable under the condition of eliminating environmental pollutants;

2. the ceramsite is prepared by mixing the polluted waste slag and sludge with other raw materials, so that the basic properties and requirements of the ceramsite are realized, the quality of a fired product is ensured, and all properties of the ceramsite reach the requirements of national standard light aggregates;

3. the invention adopts the slag and the sludge as main raw materials to fire the ceramsite, can greatly relieve the current situation of raw material shortage in the traditional ceramsite firing process, realizes the harmless and resource utilization of solid wastes, and has important significance on the concept of green development.

Detailed Description

The present invention provides a ceramsite containing slag and sludge as main materials and a manufacturing process thereof, which will be further described with reference to the preferred embodiments.

The invention relates to a porcelain granule using slag and sludge as main materials and a manufacturing process thereof, which is a process for harmless and resource waste utilization of industrial slag and sludge of sewage treatment plants, and comprises the steps of firstly uniformly mixing dried and ground slag, sludge, clay and expanding agent according to the mass percentage of 20-45% of slag, 20-45% of sludge, 20-45% of clay and 7-15% of expanding agent, then adding a proper amount of water, uniformly stirring to form a plastic briquette, processing the briquette into a plurality of spherical blanks with the grain diameter of 8-15mm, then drying the spherical blanks in a drying oven for 2 hours at 105 ℃, finally transferring the dried spherical blanks into a muffle furnace, preheating and preserving heat for 8-15 minutes at the temperature of 350-400 ℃, then roasting for 8-10 minutes at the temperature of 1120-1150 ℃, and after the roasting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the fired ceramsite. Wherein, the clay can be used as a binder to increase the cohesiveness and the balling performance of the raw materials, and the expanding agent is added to increase the internal pores of the ceramsite and achieve the aim of light weight.

Example 1, which comprises the steps of:

step one, raw material treatment: respectively putting the sludge and the slag into a 105 ℃ oven for drying to constant weight, respectively grinding the sludge and the slag into fine powder by a ball mill, and respectively sieving the sludge and the slag by a 100-mesh sieve;

step two, forming: weighing 30% of treated sludge, 30% of treated slag, 30% of treated clay and 10% of treated sodium carbonate by weight, fully mixing the materials to form a mixed raw material, then adding water with the mass being 20% of the mass of the mixed raw material, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, and granulating the mixture into spherical blanks with the particle size being 8-15 mm;

step three, drying: drying the spherical blank in a 105 ℃ oven for 2 h;

step four, firing the mixture into the pottery,

1) preheating: heating the muffle furnace to 380 ℃, and putting the dried spherical blank into the muffle furnace for heat preservation for 10 min;

2) roasting: after preheating is finished, adjusting the temperature of the muffle furnace to 1150 ℃, and keeping for 10 min;

3) and (3) cooling: after the roasting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the ceramsite.

Example 2, which comprises the steps of:

step one, raw material treatment: respectively putting the sludge and the slag into a 105 ℃ oven for drying to constant weight, respectively grinding the sludge and the slag into fine powder by a ball mill, and respectively sieving the sludge and the slag by a 100-mesh sieve;

step two, forming: weighing 24% of treated sludge, 40% of slag, 24% of clay and 12% of sodium carbonate by weight, fully mixing the sludge, the slag, the clay and the sodium carbonate uniformly to form a mixed raw material, then adding water with the mass being 22% of the mass of the mixed raw material, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, and granulating the mixture into spherical blanks with the particle size being 8-15 mm;

step three, drying: drying the spherical blank in a 105 ℃ oven for 2 h;

step four, firing the mixture into the pottery,

1) preheating: heating the muffle furnace to 370 ℃, and putting the dried spherical blank into the muffle furnace for heat preservation for 10 min;

2) roasting: after preheating, adjusting the temperature of the muffle furnace to 1130 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 10 min;

3) and (3) cooling: after the roasting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the ceramsite.

Example 3, which comprises the steps of:

step one, raw material treatment: respectively putting the sludge and the slag into a 105 ℃ oven for drying to constant weight, respectively grinding the sludge and the slag into fine powder by a ball mill, and respectively sieving the sludge and the slag by a 100-mesh sieve;

step two, forming: weighing 40% of treated sludge, 25% of slag, 25% of clay and 10% of sodium carbonate by weight, fully mixing the materials uniformly to form a mixed raw material, then adding water with the mass being 21% of the mass of the mixed raw material, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture, and granulating the mixture into spherical blanks with the particle size being 8-15 mm;

step three, drying: drying the spherical blank in a 105 ℃ oven for 2 h;

step four, firing the mixture into the pottery,

1) preheating: heating the muffle furnace to 360 ℃, and putting the dried spherical blank into the muffle furnace for heat preservation for 10 min;

2) roasting: after preheating, adjusting the temperature of the muffle furnace to 1130 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 10 min;

3) and (3) cooling: after the roasting is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the ceramsite.

In the embodiment of the invention, the ceramsite which is prepared by mixing the polluted waste slag and sludge with other raw materials generates liquid phase in the sintering process, the surface of the ceramsite forms vitrification and expands simultaneously, the basic properties and requirements of the ceramsite are realized, the quality of a fired product is ensured, the ceramsite prepared by the method is safe, high in strength and durable, various properties meet the requirements of national standard light aggregates, the current situation of shortage of ceramsite raw materials can be greatly relieved, the harmlessness and the resource utilization of solid waste are realized, and the ceramsite has important significance on the concept of green development.

Table 1 shows statistical test data for each example.

Ceramic particle	Barrel pressure strength	Density of	Water absorption rate	Index of mechanical properties
					Example 1	11.7MPa	913kg/m3	4.91%	Reach the standard
Example 2	10.17MPa	843kg/m3	5.37%	Reach the standard
					Example 3	8.97MPa	792kg/m3	6.24%	Reach the standard

As can be seen from Table 1, the ceramsite prepared by the method and the manufacturing process of the ceramsite mainly prepared from slag and sludge provided by the invention meet the national standard requirements in all properties.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent process changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.