阅读说明：本技术 矿山炮孔延时爆破方法 (Mine blast hole time-delay blasting method ) 是由 王清河 单卫东 刘新云 李�杰 马永斌 何国伟 冯宇 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种矿山炮孔延时爆破方法,包括如下步骤：对待爆破区域进行排孔设计,在待爆破区域形成至少两排同排孔；对同排孔进行延时爆破区划分,得到不同爆破延时时间的爆破区；根据起爆延时时间制作与各排同排孔的各爆破区相对应的延时起爆结构；将延时起爆结构装填至相应的爆破区的炮孔的底部,在每排同排孔中,填入侧爆破区内的延时起爆结构的起爆延时时间比填入中间爆破区内的延时起爆结构的起爆延时时间长；将延时起爆结构与延时起爆网络连接；通过激发延时起爆网络,对待爆破区域进行爆破。利用本发明能够解决目前在现有技术中,排孔一次爆破的方式,存在单响药量大；产生的爆破振动、冲击波、爆破飞石等危害比较严重等问题。(The invention provides a mine blast hole delayed blasting method, which comprises the following steps: carrying out hole array design on a region to be blasted, and forming at least two rows of holes in the same row in the region to be blasted; carrying out time-delay blasting area division on the same row of holes to obtain blasting areas with different blasting time delay times; manufacturing a delayed detonation structure corresponding to each blasting area of each row of holes in the same row according to the detonation delay time; filling the time-delay detonation structures to the bottoms of the blast holes of the corresponding blasting areas, wherein in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation time delay time of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the side blasting areas is longer than that of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the middle blasting areas; connecting the delay detonation structure with a delay detonation network; and blasting the area to be blasted by exciting the delayed detonation network. The invention can solve the problem that in the prior art, the single-shot blasting mode of the row holes has large single-shot dosage; the damage of the generated blasting vibration, shock wave, blasting flying stone and the like is serious, and the like.)

1. A mine blast hole delayed blasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out hole array design on a region to be blasted, and forming at least two rows of holes in the same row in the region to be blasted;

carrying out time-delay blasting area division on the same row of holes to obtain blasting areas with different blasting time delay times, wherein each row of the same row of holes is divided into a middle blasting area and two side blasting areas;

calculating the detonation delay time of the side blasting area and the middle blasting area of each row of holes in the same row, and manufacturing a delay detonation structure corresponding to each blasting area of each row of holes in the same row according to the detonation delay time;

filling the time-delay detonation structures to the bottoms of the blast holes of the corresponding blasting areas, wherein in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation delay time of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the side blasting areas is longer than that of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the middle blasting areas;

connecting the delayed detonation structure with a delayed detonation network;

and blasting the area to be blasted by exciting the delayed initiation network.

2. The method of blast hole delayed blasting according to claim 1,

and taking the highest point of the side section of the area to be blasted as a symmetrical point, wherein the middle blasting area of each row of holes in the same row is positioned on the symmetrical point, and the side blasting areas are positioned at two sides of the symmetrical point.

3. The method of blast hole delayed blasting according to claim 1,

the time-delay detonation structure comprises a detonation cartridge case, explosive arranged at the bottom of the detonation cartridge case and a non-electric millisecond time-delay detonator connected with the explosive.

4. The method of delayed blasting according to claim 3, wherein, in charging said delayed initiation structure to the bottom of the blast hole of the corresponding blast zone,

filling viscous granular explosive into the bottom of the detonation cartridge case;

inserting at least two non-electric millisecond delay detonators into the explosive, enabling energy-gathering holes of the non-electric millisecond delay detonators to point to the bottom end of the initiating shell case, reversely bending leg wires of the non-electric millisecond delay detonators and placing the leg wires into wire grooves of the initiating shell case to obtain a first delay initiating structure;

mounting a sealing cover at an opening at the top of the detonation shell of the first time-delay detonation structure, and firmly binding the sealing cover by using a waterproof adhesive tape to obtain a time-delay detonation structure;

and filling the time-delay detonating structure to the bottom of the blast hole of the corresponding blasting area.

5. The method of blast hole delayed blasting according to claim 4,

the delay detonation network comprises at least two main detonating cords connected in parallel; one end of the main detonating cord is a detonating end, and the other end of the main detonating cord is an extension end; a foot line connecting point is arranged in the direction of the extending end of the main detonating cord;

the pin wire connecting point is connected with the pin wire of the non-electric millisecond delay detonator.

6. The method of blast hole delayed blasting according to claim 5,

each blast hole is filled with one time-delay detonation structure;

different non-electric millisecond delay detonators of the delay detonation structure are connected with the foot line connecting points arranged on different main detonating cords.

7. The method of delayed blasting in a blast hole according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to connecting said delayed initiation structure to a delayed initiation network:

and adopting stemming to plug the blast hole filled in the time-delay detonation structure.

8. The method of blast hole delayed blasting according to claim 1,

the detonation delay time of the middle blasting area of each same row of holes is 25ms added to the time of the whole blasting of the previous same row of holes of the same row of holes, and the detonation delay time of the two side blasting areas is 50ms added to the time of the whole blasting of the previous same row of holes;

and the same row of holes close to the free surface of the area to be blasted is used as a first same row of holes, the delay time of the middle blasting area of the first same row of holes is 25ms, and the delay time of the two side blasting areas is 50 ms.

9. The method of blast hole delayed blasting according to claim 8,

the blasting time delay of the blasting area is not more than 550 Ms.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine blasting, and particularly relates to a mine blast hole time-delay blasting method.

Background

In mine excavation work, medium-length hole blasting is widely applied to various mining methods, and has the advantages of good crushing quality, low unit consumption of explosive, capability of realizing mechanized charging and the like.

In the medium-length hole blasting process, the single-shot explosive quantity is large in a row-hole one-time blasting mode; the generated blasting vibration, shock wave, blasting flyrock and other damages are serious, the subsequent safe charging can be influenced, and the rear row hole blasting is not facilitated; the explosive pile is loose and is not easy to be quickly shoveled; the clamping performance of the side holes on two sides of each row of blast holes is strong, so that blasting overhang is easily caused, and the bottom-pulling effect of the medium-length hole is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a mine blast hole delayed blasting method, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, in the medium-length hole blasting process, the single explosive quantity is large in a hole array one-time blasting mode; the generated blasting vibration, shock wave, blasting flyrock and other damages are serious, the subsequent safe charging can be influenced, and the rear row hole blasting is not facilitated; the explosive pile is loose and is not easy to be quickly shoveled; the clamping performance of the side holes on two sides of each row of blast holes is strong, so that blasting overhang is easily caused, and the bottom-pulling effect of the medium-length hole is influenced.

The invention provides a mine blast hole delayed blasting method, which comprises the following steps:

carrying out hole array design on a region to be blasted, and forming at least two rows of holes in the same row in the region to be blasted;

carrying out time-delay blasting area division on the same row of holes to obtain blasting areas with different blasting time delay times, wherein each row of the same row of holes is divided into a middle blasting area and two side blasting areas;

calculating the detonation delay time of the side blasting area and the middle blasting area of each row of holes in the same row, and manufacturing a delay detonation structure corresponding to each blasting area of each row of holes in the same row according to the detonation delay time;

filling the time-delay detonation structures to the bottoms of the blast holes of the corresponding blasting areas, wherein in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation delay time of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the side blasting areas is longer than that of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the middle blasting areas;

connecting the delayed detonation structure with a delayed detonation network;

and blasting the area to be blasted by exciting the delayed initiation network.

In addition, preferably, the highest point of the side section of the area to be blasted is taken as a symmetrical point, the middle blasting area of each row of holes in the same row is positioned on the symmetrical point, and the side blasting areas are positioned at two sides of the symmetrical point.

In addition, preferably, the time delay detonation structure comprises a detonation shell, an explosive arranged at the bottom of the detonation shell and a non-electric millisecond time delay detonator connected with the explosive.

In addition, it is preferable that, during the charging of the delayed initiation structures to the bottoms of the blastholes of the respective blast zones,

filling viscous granular explosive into the bottom of the detonation cartridge case;

inserting at least two non-electric millisecond delay detonators into the explosive, enabling energy-gathering holes of the non-electric millisecond delay detonators to point to the bottom end of the initiating shell case, reversely bending leg wires of the non-electric millisecond delay detonators and placing the leg wires into wire grooves of the initiating shell case to obtain a first delay initiating structure;

mounting a sealing cover at an opening at the top of the detonation shell of the first time-delay detonation structure, and firmly binding the sealing cover by using a waterproof adhesive tape to obtain a time-delay detonation structure;

and filling the time-delay detonating structure to the bottom of the blast hole of the corresponding blasting area.

In addition, the preferable scheme is that the delay detonation network comprises at least two main detonating cords connected in parallel; one end of the main detonating cord is a detonating end, and the other end of the main detonating cord is an extension end; a foot line connecting point is arranged in the direction of the extending end of the main detonating cord; the pin wire connecting point is connected with the pin wire of the non-electric millisecond delay detonator.

In addition, the preferable scheme is that each blast hole is filled with one time delay detonation structure; different non-electric millisecond delay detonators of the delay detonation structure are connected with the foot line connecting points arranged on different main detonating cords.

In addition, preferably, before the connection of the delayed initiation structure with the delayed initiation network, the method further comprises: and adopting stemming to plug the blast hole filled in the time-delay detonation structure.

In addition, the preferable scheme is that the initiation delay time of the middle blasting area of each same row of holes is the time of adding 25ms to the time of the whole blasting of the previous same row of holes of the same row of holes, and the initiation delay time of the two side blasting areas is the time of adding 50ms to the time of the whole blasting of the previous same row of holes; and the same row of holes close to the free surface of the area to be blasted is used as a first same row of holes, the delay time of the middle blasting area of the first same row of holes is 25ms, and the delay time of the two side blasting areas is 50 ms.

In addition, the time delay of the blasting area is preferably not more than 550 Ms.

According to the technical scheme, the mine blast hole delayed blasting method obtains blasting areas with different blasting delay times by dividing the same row of holes into delayed blasting areas, calculates the blasting delay time of the side blasting area and the middle blasting area of each row of holes, manufactures delayed blasting structures corresponding to the blasting areas of each row of holes according to the blasting delay time, carries out segmented delayed blasting, can effectively reduce single-shot dosage, can control the single-shot dosage within 200kg according to calculation and field practice, greatly reduces blasting vibration, shock wave and noise, reduces the destructive effect of blasting on the blast holes of the rear row of non-charged holes, and is beneficial to safe charging of next blasting; in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation delay time of the delay detonation structure filled in the side blasting area is longer than that of the delay detonation structure filled in the middle blasting area, after the same row of sectional blasting, the middle blast holes are blasted first to form a new free surface, and the ore rocks blasted by the blast holes on the two sides are scattered towards the middle, so that the mutual collision in the ore rock crushing process is increased; by combining with the relevant blasting theory, the more free surfaces and the more free surfaces, the more effective impact between the blasted ore rocks under the action of the shock wave, the more rock crushing is facilitated, and the block rate is reduced. After the blasting ore rocks collide with each other, the kinetic energy of the outward flying ore rocks is consumed, the blasting pile is relatively concentrated, and the blasting flying stones are reduced.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention comprise the features hereinafter fully described. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Further, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.

Drawings

Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a flowchart of a mine blasthole time-lapse blasting method according to an embodiment of the invention.

The same reference numbers in all figures indicate similar or corresponding features or functions.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details.

Aiming at the prior art, in the medium-length hole blasting process, the single-shot explosive quantity is large in a hole array one-time blasting mode; the generated blasting vibration, shock wave, blasting flyrock and other damages are serious, the subsequent safe charging can be influenced, and the rear row hole blasting is not facilitated; the explosive pile is loose and is not easy to be quickly shoveled; the mine blast hole delayed blasting method has the advantages that the clamping performance of the side holes on two sides of each row of blast holes is high, blasting suspension is easy to cause, the bottom-drawing effect of the medium-length hole is influenced, and the like.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to explain the mine blasthole time-lapse blasting method provided by the invention, fig. 1 shows a flow of the mine blasthole time-lapse blasting method according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the mine blast hole delayed blasting method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

s1, carrying out hole array design on the area to be blasted, and forming at least two rows of holes in the same row in the area to be blasted;

s2, carrying out time-delay blasting area division on the same row of holes to obtain blasting areas with different blasting time delay times, wherein each row of holes is divided into a middle blasting area and two side blasting areas;

s3, calculating the detonation delay time of the side blasting area and the middle blasting area of each row of holes in the same row, and manufacturing a delay detonation structure corresponding to each blasting area of each row of holes in the same row according to the detonation delay time;

s4, filling the time-delay detonation structures to the bottoms of the blast holes of the corresponding blasting areas, wherein in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation time delay time of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the side blasting areas is longer than that of the time-delay detonation structures filled in the middle blasting areas;

s5, connecting the delay detonation structure with a delay detonation network;

and S6, blasting the area to be blasted by exciting the delayed detonation network.

The method comprises the steps of dividing a delay blasting area of the same row of holes to obtain blasting areas with different blasting delay times, calculating the blasting delay time of a side blasting area and a middle blasting area of each row of holes, manufacturing a delay blasting structure corresponding to each blasting area of each row of holes according to the blasting delay time, and performing segmented delay blasting, so that the single-shot dosage can be effectively reduced, and can be controlled within 200kg according to calculation and field practice, and the blasting vibration, shock waves and noise are greatly reduced, so that the damage effect of blasting on non-blast holes of rear-row blasting is reduced, and the safe blasting of next blasting is facilitated; in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation delay time of the delay detonation structure filled in the side blasting area is longer than that of the delay detonation structure filled in the middle blasting area, after the same row of sectional blasting, the middle blast holes are blasted first to form a new free surface, and the ore rocks blasted by the blast holes on the two sides are scattered towards the middle, so that the mutual collision in the ore rock crushing process is increased; by combining with the relevant blasting theory, the more free surfaces and the more free surfaces, the more effective impact between the blasted ore rocks under the action of the shock wave, the more rock crushing is facilitated, and the block rate is reduced. After the blasting ore rocks collide with each other, the kinetic energy of the outward flying ore rocks is consumed, the blasting pile is relatively concentrated, and the blasting flying stones are reduced.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the highest point of the side section of the area to be blasted is taken as a symmetrical point, the middle blasting area of each row of holes in the same row is positioned on the symmetrical point, and the side blasting areas are positioned at two sides of the symmetrical point. According to the scheme, the blasting effect is better, the highest point is blasted first, ore rocks after blasting of blast holes on two sides of the highest point are favorably scattered towards the middle, and mutual collision in the ore rock crushing process is increased.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the time delay detonation structure comprises a detonation cartridge case, an explosive arranged at the bottom of the detonation cartridge case and a non-electric millisecond time delay detonator connected with the explosive. The time delay detonation structure is convenient to fill in the blast hole through the detonation cartridge case, and the non-electric millisecond time delay detonator enables the blasting time delay to be more accurate.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, during the charging of the delayed initiation structures to the bottom of the blastholes of the respective blast zones,

filling viscous granular explosive into the bottom of the detonation cartridge case;

inserting at least two non-electric millisecond delay detonators into the explosive, enabling energy-gathering holes of the non-electric millisecond delay detonators to point to the bottom end of the initiating shell case, reversely bending leg wires of the non-electric millisecond delay detonators and placing the leg wires into wire grooves of the initiating shell case to obtain a first delay initiating structure;

mounting a sealing cover at an opening at the top of the detonation shell of the first time-delay detonation structure, and firmly binding the sealing cover by using a waterproof adhesive tape to obtain a time-delay detonation structure;

and filling the time-delay detonating structure to the bottom of the blast hole of the corresponding blasting area.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the delay detonation network comprises at least two main detonating cords which are connected in parallel; one end of the main detonating cord is a detonating end, and the other end of the main detonating cord is an extension end; a foot line connecting point is arranged in the direction of the extending end of the main blasting fuse; the pin wire connecting point is connected with the pin wire of the non-electric millisecond delay detonator. The blasting site is neat and regular, and the standard operation of workers is facilitated.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, a time delay detonation structure is filled in each blast hole; different non-electric millisecond delay detonators of the delay detonation structure are connected with the foot line connecting points arranged on different main detonating cords. The phenomenon that when one main detonating cord breaks down during detonating, the delayed detonating structure connected with the main detonating cord is influenced to not conduct detonating smoothly is avoided, and the multiple safety function is achieved.

As a preferred aspect of the present invention, before connecting the delayed initiation structure to the delayed initiation network, the method further includes: and (4) adopting stemming to plug the blast hole filled with the delayed initiation structure. Ensuring smooth blasting.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the detonation delay time of the middle blasting area of each same row of holes is 25ms of the time after the front same row of holes of the same row of holes is completely blasted, and the detonation delay time of the two side blasting areas is 50ms of the time after the front same row of holes is completely blasted; the same row of holes close to the free surface of the area to be blasted is used as a first same row of holes, the delay time of the middle blasting area of the first same row of holes is 25ms, and the delay time of the two side blasting areas is 50 ms. The method is the best scheme obtained after the experiment is carried out for the invention, so that the blasting effect is the best.

In one preferable mode of the present invention, the blasting time delay of the blasting area is not more than 550 Ms.

According to the mine blasthole time-delay blasting method, the same row of holes are divided into time-delay blasting areas to obtain blasting areas with different blasting time-delay times, the detonation time-delay time of the side blasting area and the middle blasting area of each row of holes is calculated, time-delay detonation structures corresponding to the blasting areas of each row of holes are manufactured according to the detonation time-delay time, and segmented time-delay detonation is carried out, so that the single-shot dosage can be effectively reduced, and can be controlled within 200kg according to calculation and field practice, and the blasting vibration, the impact wave and the noise are greatly reduced, so that the destructive effect of blasting on the rear-row non-charged blastholes is reduced, and the safe charging of next blasting is facilitated; in each row of holes in the same row, the detonation delay time of the delay detonation structure filled in the side blasting area is longer than that of the delay detonation structure filled in the middle blasting area, after the same row of sectional blasting, the middle blast holes are blasted first to form a new free surface, and the ore rocks blasted by the blast holes on the two sides are scattered towards the middle, so that the mutual collision in the ore rock crushing process is increased; by combining with the relevant blasting theory, the more free surfaces and the more free surfaces, the more effective impact between the blasted ore rocks under the action of the shock wave, the more rock crushing is facilitated, and the block rate is reduced. After the blasting ore rocks collide with each other, the kinetic energy of the outward flying ore rocks is consumed, the blasting pile is relatively concentrated, and the blasting flying stones are reduced.

The mine blasthole delayed blasting method proposed according to the invention is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the mine blasthole delayed blasting method set forth above without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.