阅读说明：本技术 一种离心机摆动遗留角的测量装置及方法 (Device and method for measuring swinging residual angle of centrifugal machine ) 是由 闫子壮 黄根清 林伟岸 郝娜 于 2021-03-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种离心机摆动遗留角的测量装置及方法,通过在离心机吊篮上放置测试装置,测试装置在靠近底面板处布置孔压传感器,通过不同位置布置的孔压传感器,测量同一底面位置处不同位置的孔压,再通过布置的相机观察不同位置处的液面变化,进而测算出该位置的摆动遗留角。通过本发明方法可以测量出土工离心机吊篮的摆动遗留角,突破了超重力状态下倾斜角的测量问题,可操作性强,成本低,易于在土工离心机设备上推广应用。(The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring a swinging remaining angle of a centrifugal machine. The method can measure the swing residual angle of the basket of the geotechnical centrifuge, breaks through the problem of measuring the inclination angle under the hypergravity state, has strong operability and low cost, and is easy to popularize and apply on geotechnical centrifuge equipment.)

1. The device for measuring the swinging left angle of the centrifuge is characterized in that a testing device (2) is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel (3) of a centrifuge basket (1), and the measuring device (2) comprises a device shell support (6), a cross-shaped bottom pipeline (7) arranged in the device shell support (6), a measuring pipe (8), a pore pressure sensor (4) and a camera (5); the measuring tubes (8) are arranged at 4 ends of the cross-shaped bottom pipeline (7), liquid is filled in the measuring tubes (8), and the liquid in all the measuring tubes (8) is communicated with each other through the cross-shaped bottom pipeline (7); the pore pressure sensor (4) is arranged at the bottom of the measuring pipe (8) and is used for measuring the pore water pressure at the position; the measuring tube (8) is made of a transparent acrylic plate, and measuring tube scale marks (9) are engraved on the measuring tube; the camera (5) is used for shooting the liquid level height of the measuring pipe (8) in real time.

2. The device for measuring the swinging carry-over angle of the centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device housing bracket (6) is made of 7075 aluminum alloy.

3. A method for measuring a swinging carry-over angle of a centrifuge is characterized in that a device according to claim 1 is used for realizing, a testing device (2) is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel (3) of a centrifuge basket (1), pore water pressure P and liquid level height h at different positions on the bottom panel (3) are measured through the testing device (2), and the swinging carry-over angle beta of the centrifuge basket (1) can be calculated by combining liquid density rho, wherein g is gravity acceleration.

4. The method for measuring a carry-over angle of oscillation of a centrifuge according to claim 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, placing a testing device (2) on a centrifuge basket (1), starting the centrifuge to accelerate to a specified rotating speed, and keeping the centrifuge stable;

2) pore pressure values at different positions are obtained through a pore pressure sensor (4), and meanwhile, liquid level height values are obtained;

3) and obtaining a swing remaining angle beta measured at different positions according to the liquid level height h, the pore water pressure P and the liquid density rho of the point to be measured, wherein the swing remaining angle beta is arc cos g rho h/P.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring a swinging residual angle of a centrifuge basket, belonging to the technical field of centrifugal tests.

Background

The geotechnical centrifuge is indispensable scientific research equipment for development of geotechnical building industry, and particularly large-scale civil construction and water conservancy bridge construction mostly need to perform some early-stage model tests and the like by means of the geotechnical centrifuge. The geotechnical centrifuge uses a large motor to drive a hanging basket to move around a bearing in a circular manner, and uses centrifugal force to simulate supergravity. Along with the increase of the set acceleration G value of the centrifugal machine, the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine is continuously increased, and the upward swinging angle of the hanging basket is continuously increased.

At present, the acceleration value of most geotechnical centrifuges in China is set by setting the rotating speed of a motor. In an ideal state, the rotating speed of the motor can reflect the relation of the acceleration G value of the centrifugal machine, but in a practical situation, the gravity acceleration G of the earth exists all the time, and due to the existence of the G, the hanging basket cannot be completely vertical to the ground under the action of supergravity, so a certain swinging left angle can appear. Due to the existence of the swing left angle, the actual acceleration of each position of the hanging basket can be distinguished, and therefore errors of actual gravity acceleration measurement can be caused. The influence of the swing carry-over angle on the acceleration measurement is particularly pronounced, in particular when the area of the centrifuge basket increases, and therefore it has to be measured in order to evaluate the error between the actual acceleration and the calculated acceleration everywhere at the basket.

At present, a plurality of inclination angle measuring devices exist, but most of the inclination angle measuring devices can only work under a normal gravity state, and few inclination angle measuring devices can normally work under an overweight state. And once the high hypergravity (16G) is exceeded, the device can fail and cannot measure the high-G-value downward swinging angle. Based on the problem of lack of angle measuring equipment under the condition of hypergravity at present, the invention provides a new measuring method which can meet the requirement of measuring the swinging angle of a hanging basket of an earth work centrifugal machine in a high-power hypergravity state.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a device and a method for measuring a swinging residual angle of a centrifugal machine, which can meet the requirement of measuring the swinging angle of a hanging basket of an earth work centrifugal machine in a high-power supergravity state.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a measuring device for a swinging left angle of a centrifugal machine is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel of a basket of the centrifugal machine and comprises a device shell bracket, a cross-shaped bottom pipeline arranged in the device shell bracket, a measuring pipe, a hole pressure sensor and a camera; the measuring tubes are arranged at 4 ends of the cross-shaped bottom pipeline, liquid is filled in the measuring tubes, and the liquid in all the measuring tubes is communicated with each other through the cross-shaped bottom pipeline; the pore pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the measuring tube and used for measuring the pore water pressure at the position; the measuring tube is made of a transparent acrylic plate, and scale lines of the measuring tube are engraved on the measuring tube; the camera is used for shooting the liquid level height of the measuring pipe in real time.

In the above technical solution, further, the device case bracket is made of 7075 aluminum alloy.

The invention also provides a measuring method of the swinging residual angle of the centrifuge, which is realized based on the device, the testing device is fixedly arranged on the bottom panel of the basket of the centrifuge, the pore water pressure P and the liquid level height h at different positions on the bottom panel are measured by the testing device, and the swinging residual angle beta of the basket of the centrifuge, which is arc cos g rho/P, can be calculated by combining the liquid density rho, wherein g is the gravity acceleration.

A method for measuring a swinging carry-over angle of a centrifugal machine comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, placing a testing device on a basket of a centrifuge, starting the centrifuge to accelerate to a specified rotating speed, and keeping the centrifuge stable;

2) acquiring pore pressure values at different positions through a pore pressure sensor, and acquiring a liquid level height value at the moment;

3) and obtaining the swing remaining angle beta measured at different positions according to the liquid level height h, the pore water pressure P of the point to be measured and the liquid density rho, wherein beta is arc cos g rho h/P.

The invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a device and a method for measuring a swinging residual angle of a centrifugal machine, which can meet the requirement of measuring the swinging angle of a hanging basket of an earth-working centrifugal machine in a high-power supergravity state. The device and the method solve the problem of measuring the inclination angle under the supergravity state, have strong operability and low cost, and are easy to popularize and apply on geotechnical centrifuge equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the testing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the testing device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a force analysis of the model under a hypergravity condition;

the device comprises a centrifuge basket 1, a testing device 2, a bottom panel 3, a pore pressure sensor 4, a camera 5, a device shell support 6, a cross-shaped bottom pipeline 7, a measuring pipe 8 and a measuring pipe scale mark 9.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the measuring device for the swinging carry-over angle of the centrifuge of the present invention is provided, the measuring device 2 is fixedly arranged on the bottom panel 3 of the centrifuge basket 1, the measuring device 2 comprises a device housing support 6, a cross-shaped bottom pipeline 7 arranged in the device housing support 6, a measuring tube 8, a pore pressure sensor 4 and a camera 5; the measuring tubes 8 are arranged at 4 ends of the cross-shaped bottom pipeline 7, liquid is filled in the measuring tubes 8, and the liquid in all the measuring tubes 8 is communicated with each other through the cross-shaped bottom pipeline 7; the pore pressure sensor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the measuring pipe 8 and is used for measuring the pore water pressure at the position; the measuring tube 8 is made of a transparent acrylic plate, and measuring tube scale marks 9 are carved on the measuring tube; the camera 5 is used for shooting the liquid level of the measuring tube 8 in real time.

The device shell bracket 6 is made of 7075 aluminum alloy.

The utility model provides a measuring method of centrifuge swing angle of leaving behind, realizes based on above-mentioned device, fixedly places testing arrangement 2 on the bottom panel 3 of centrifuge hanging flower basket 1, surveys pore water pressure P and liquid level height h of different positions department on the bottom panel 3 through testing arrangement 2, combines liquid density rho, can calculate the swing angle of leaving behind of centrifuge hanging basket 1 beta be arccos g rho/P, g is acceleration of gravity.

A method for measuring a swinging carry-over angle of a centrifugal machine comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, a testing device is arranged on a basket of a centrifugal machine, and the centrifugal machine is started to accelerate to a specified rotating speed and keep stable;

2) acquiring pore pressure values at different positions through a pore pressure sensor, and acquiring a liquid level height value at the moment;

3) and obtaining the swing remaining angle beta measured at different positions according to the liquid level height h, the pore water pressure P of the point to be measured and the liquid density rho.

The force analysis of the test device in the hypergravity state is shown in fig. 4:

wherein, the inside pore water pressure sensor of model monitors parameter P, and liquid level height h, rho are the density of liquid, and the angle is left over for the swing to beta, and G is actual acceleration, by:

P＝ρGh

therefore:

from the trigonometric function relationship:

therefore:

therefore, the swinging left angle beta of the basket bottom plate can be calculated as arc cos g rho/P.