阅读说明：本技术 一种原油的高效输送工艺 (Efficient crude oil conveying process ) 是由 代龙宇 于 2021-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种原油的高效输送工艺,具体包括以下步骤：(1)在原油输送管道的外侧面上方等间距设置多块电磁铁,并将电磁铁通过导线与电源连接,得到磁悬浮原油输送管道；(2)向原油中加入芳香烃类溶剂,混合搅拌,得到原油A；(3)向原油A中加入铁粉,混合搅拌,得到原油B；(4)将原油B引入磁悬浮原油输送管道,开启电源通电,并调节输出电压使原油B悬浮输送,即可。本发明通过磁悬浮和芳香烃类溶剂的双重作用,能够大幅降低原油的粘度,增加原油的管道输送量,缩短原油在管道内的传输时间,减少了原油输送过程中所用泵站、加热炉和增压泵的能耗,从而极大地降低了原油的综合输送成本,提高了用户的经济效益。(The invention discloses a high-efficiency crude oil conveying process, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) arranging a plurality of electromagnets above the outer side surface of the crude oil conveying pipeline at equal intervals, and connecting the electromagnets with a power supply through a lead to obtain a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline; (2) adding an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent into the crude oil, mixing and stirring to obtain crude oil A; (3) adding iron powder into the crude oil A, and mixing and stirring to obtain crude oil B; (4) and introducing the crude oil B into a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline, turning on a power supply for electrifying, and adjusting output voltage to enable the crude oil B to be conveyed in a suspension manner. The invention can greatly reduce the viscosity of the crude oil, increase the pipeline transportation amount of the crude oil, shorten the transmission time of the crude oil in the pipeline and reduce the energy consumption of a pump station, a heating furnace and a booster pump used in the crude oil transportation process through the double functions of magnetic suspension and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, thereby greatly reducing the comprehensive transportation cost of the crude oil and improving the economic benefit of users.)

1. The efficient crude oil conveying process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) arranging a plurality of electromagnets above the outer side surface of the crude oil conveying pipeline at equal intervals, and connecting the electromagnets with a power supply through a lead to obtain a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline;

(2) adding an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent into the crude oil, mixing and stirring to obtain crude oil A;

(3) adding iron powder into the crude oil A, and mixing and stirring to obtain crude oil B;

(4) and introducing the crude oil B into a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline, turning on a power supply for electrifying, and adjusting output voltage to enable the crude oil B to be conveyed in a suspension manner.

2. The process for transporting crude oil at high efficiency according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the plurality of electromagnets are spaced apart from each other by 8 to 12 m.

3. The process for transporting crude oil with high efficiency as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step (1), the electromagnets and the conducting wires are all wrapped with insulating waterproof materials.

4. The process for transporting crude oil at high efficiency according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is at least one of toluene, ethylbenzene and biphenyl.

5. The process for transporting crude oil at high efficiency according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the amount of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is 0.1-0.3% of the crude oil by mass.

6. The process for transporting crude oil with high efficiency as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the mixing and stirring speed is 200-300r/min and the time is 10-20 min.

7. The process for transporting crude oil with high efficiency according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the particle size of the iron powder is 80-120 μm.

8. The process for transporting crude oil at high efficiency according to claim 7, wherein in the step (3), the amount of the iron powder is 2-4% of the crude oil A by mass.

9. The process for transporting crude oil with high efficiency as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the mixing and stirring speed is 100-150r/min and the time is 20-30 min.

10. The process for transporting crude oil with high efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the magnetic force applied to crude oil B by adjusting the output voltage is balanced with the gravity thereof, so as to keep the crude oil B in a suspended state.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas storage and transportation, in particular to a process for efficiently conveying crude oil.

Background

The crude oil produced in oil fields is mostly transported to remote transportation sites or oil refineries through oil pipelines, and transportation means such as pressurization, heating, heat preservation and the like are needed to maintain the flowing property of the crude oil. As the world's economy continues to depend on crude oil, and the demand for crude oil increases, many crude oil pipelines have reached full capacity.

In order to further improve the conveying efficiency of crude oil pipelines, the currently adopted method mainly adds pour point depressants, drag reducers, wax precipitation resisting agents and the like into the pipeline-conveyed crude oil to improve the flow property of the crude oil, but most of the adding agents are formed by combining a plurality of more complex chemical components, the cost is high, and the drag reduction effect on the crude oil is more common. Moreover, along with the process of conveying, the temperature of the crude oil is continuously reduced, the viscosity is continuously increased, the crude oil is easy to wax on a crude oil pipeline, the energy consumption of crude oil conveying is continuously increased, and the cost of crude oil conveying is continuously improved.

Therefore, how to provide a simple and easy crude oil transportation process with low cost is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a process for transporting crude oil with high efficiency, so as to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the process for efficiently conveying crude oil specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) arranging a plurality of electromagnets above the outer side surface of the crude oil conveying pipeline at equal intervals, and connecting the electromagnets with a power supply through a lead to obtain a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline;

(2) adding an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent into the crude oil, mixing and stirring to obtain crude oil A;

(3) adding iron powder into the crude oil A, and mixing and stirring to obtain crude oil B;

(4) and introducing the crude oil B into a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline, turning on a power supply for electrifying, and adjusting output voltage to enable the crude oil B to be conveyed in a suspension manner.

The invention has the advantages that the viscosity of the crude oil can be greatly reduced, the pipeline conveying capacity of the crude oil is increased, the transmission time of the crude oil in a pipeline is shortened, and the energy consumption of a pump station, a heating furnace and a booster pump used in the crude oil conveying process is reduced through the double functions of the magnetic suspension and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, so that the comprehensive conveying cost of the crude oil is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit of a user is improved.

Further, in the step (1), the distance between the electromagnets is 8-12 m; the electromagnets and the wires are all wrapped with insulating waterproof materials.

The adoption of the further beneficial effect is that a uniform and stable magnetic field can be formed in the crude oil conveying pipeline through the arrangement of the plurality of electromagnets at equal intervals; the insulating waterproof material is wrapped, so that the electromagnet is not interfered by the environment, and stable and durable operation is facilitated.

Further, in the step (2), the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is at least one of toluene, ethylbenzene and biphenyl; the dosage of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is 0.1 to 0.3 percent of the mass of the crude oil; the mixing and stirring speed is 200-300r/min, and the time is 10-20 min.

The aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is a low-molecular-weight substance with low cost, the action mechanism of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is completely different from that of a drag reducer with ultrahigh molecular weight and long chain, and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent with low concentration and low molecular weight acts with viscous components in crude oil (particularly easily-coagulated and highly-viscous crude oil) by stirring and mixing, so that the viscosity of the crude oil can be greatly reduced, the flowing property of the crude oil is improved, and the crude oil is easier to transmit through a pipeline.

Further, in the step (3), the particle size of the iron powder is 80-120 μm; the using amount of the iron powder is 2-4% of the crude oil A by mass; the mixing and stirring speed is 100-150r/min, and the time is 20-30 min.

The further beneficial effect is that the iron powder with the particle size can form a uniform magnetic field under the action of the electrified electromagnet, so that crude oil is conveyed in a suspension manner.

Further, in the step (4), the output voltage is adjusted to balance the magnetic force applied to the crude oil B with the gravity thereof, so that the crude oil B is in a suspended state.

Adopt above-mentioned further beneficial effect to lie in, can be in the suspended state when the magnetic force that crude oil B received and its gravity balance, reduced the direct contact of crude oil and pipeline inner wall, avoided the transportation loss because of crude oil viscosity is big causes.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, by adjusting the output voltage, the magnetic force borne by the crude oil is balanced with the gravity borne by the crude oil, and the crude oil is transported in a suspension manner in the pipeline, so that the problem of large transportation energy consumption caused by direct contact of the transported crude oil and the transportation pipeline is effectively solved, and the transportation energy consumption is low and the transportation cost is low;

2. the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent belongs to a substance with small molecular weight, has the characteristic of shear resistance, can continuously keep the functions of reducing the viscosity of crude oil and reducing the flow resistance by directly passing through places which can generate stronger shearing force such as a centrifugal pump, a heating furnace, a tee joint, an elbow and the like on a main line, and has the functions of not only being effective in an interstation pipe section, but also being effective on the whole oil pipeline, so that the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent only needs to be added at the upstream of the oil pipeline at one time;

3. the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent can be injected or mixed in at normal pressure and normal temperature in a transmission pipeline in front of a pump station, expensive special equipment with low shearing force is not needed for injecting, a simple injecting and mixing method is adopted, and the use is very convenient;

4. the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent belongs to one of products refined from crude oil, does not influence the quality of the crude oil, can be recovered in a subsequent link, and has greatly reduced volatility due to the interaction with related components in the crude oil, so that the danger of the crude oil is not increased.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The process for efficiently conveying the crude oil specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) arranging a plurality of electromagnets wrapped with insulating waterproof materials at intervals of 8m above the outer side surface of the crude oil conveying pipeline, and connecting the electromagnets with a power supply through conducting wires wrapped with the insulating waterproof materials to obtain a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline;

(2) adding toluene with the mass of 0.1% of the crude oil into the crude oil, and mixing and stirring at the speed of 200r/min for 10min to obtain crude oil A;

(3) adding 80-micron iron powder accounting for 2% of the crude oil A by mass, and mixing and stirring at the speed of 100r/min for 20min to obtain crude oil B;

(4) and introducing the crude oil B into a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline, turning on a power supply for electrifying, adjusting the output voltage until the magnetic force borne by the crude oil B is balanced with the gravity of the crude oil B, and enabling the crude oil B to be in a suspension state for suspension conveying.

Example 2

The process for efficiently conveying the crude oil specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) arranging a plurality of electromagnets wrapped with insulating waterproof materials at intervals of 12m above the outer side surface of the crude oil conveying pipeline, and connecting the electromagnets with a power supply through conducting wires wrapped with the insulating waterproof materials to obtain a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline;

(2) adding ethylbenzene with the mass of 0.3% into the crude oil, and mixing and stirring at the speed of 300r/min for 20min to obtain crude oil A;

(3) adding 120 mu m iron powder accounting for 4% of the crude oil A by mass, mixing and stirring at the speed of 150r/min for 30min to obtain crude oil B;

(4) and introducing the crude oil B into a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline, turning on a power supply for electrifying, adjusting the output voltage until the magnetic force borne by the crude oil B is balanced with the gravity of the crude oil B, and enabling the crude oil B to be in a suspension state for suspension conveying.

Example 3

The process for efficiently conveying the crude oil specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) arranging a plurality of electromagnets wrapped with insulating waterproof materials at intervals of 10m above the outer side surface of the crude oil conveying pipeline, and connecting the electromagnets with a power supply through conducting wires wrapped with the insulating waterproof materials to obtain a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline;

(2) adding biphenyl of which the mass is 0.2 percent of that of the crude oil into the crude oil, and mixing and stirring the mixture for 15min at the speed of 250r/min to obtain crude oil A;

(3) adding 100-micron iron powder accounting for 3% of the crude oil A by mass, and mixing and stirring at the speed of 120r/min for 25min to obtain crude oil B;

(4) and introducing the crude oil B into a magnetic suspension crude oil conveying pipeline, turning on a power supply for electrifying, adjusting the output voltage until the magnetic force borne by the crude oil B is balanced with the gravity of the crude oil B, and enabling the crude oil B to be in a suspension state for suspension conveying.

Performance testing

The method comprises the steps of taking easily-coagulated and highly-viscous crude oil mined from a Hongkong oilfield, evenly dividing the crude oil into four parts, conveying the first part according to a conventional crude oil conveying pipeline and a conventional conveying mode, respectively conveying the remaining three parts according to the efficient conveying process of the examples 1-3, respectively measuring the viscosity of the crude oil and the drag reduction rate in the conveying process by respectively adopting a DV2T viscometer produced by Brookfield company of Bolifei USA, and measuring the measurement results as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 measurement results of viscosity and drag reduction ratio during transportation of crude oil

Measurement items	Viscosity (cP)	Drag reduction ratio (%)
			Conventional transport	32.5	0
Example 1	19.6	45.2
			Example 2	19.2	46.8
Example 3	18.8	48.5

As can be seen from Table 1, the crude oils of examples 1-3 of the present invention have significantly reduced viscosities and significantly increased drag reduction rates relative to conventional crude oil pipelines and conventional transportation means.

The tests show that the invention can greatly reduce the viscosity of crude oil, increase the pipeline transportation capacity of crude oil, shorten the transportation time of crude oil in a pipeline and reduce the energy consumption of a pump station, a heating furnace and a booster pump used in the crude oil transportation process through the dual functions of magnetic suspension and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, thereby greatly reducing the comprehensive transportation cost of crude oil and improving the economic benefit of users.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.