阅读说明：本技术 一种宽频带非接触式同轴旋转关节及雷达天线 (Broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint and radar antenna ) 是由 虢宏昌 雷杰 张刚柱 党作红 于 2021-04-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于雷达天线技术领域,提供一种宽频带非接触式同轴旋转关节及雷达天线,旋转关节包括定子外壳、转子外壳、定子内导体、转子内导体和过渡内导体,所述定子内导体和所述过渡内导体同轴安装在所述定子外壳内,所述转子内导体同轴安装在所述转子外壳内,所述转子外壳与定子外壳转动连接,所述过渡内导体的两端分别与所述定子内导体和转子内导体构成非接触式耦合电路。基于现有技术中非接触式与接触式的射频旋转关节的缺陷,本发明有效的解决了传统的非接触式旋转关节信号传输频段范围小的问题,可用于在传输信号不间断的情况下,实时适应宽频带天线的转动方向,提升了天线在转动过程中信号传输的电性能一致性,且可适应X～Ka各个频段。(The invention belongs to the technical field of radar antennas and provides a broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint and a radar antenna. Based on the defects of non-contact and contact radio frequency rotary joints in the prior art, the invention effectively solves the problem of small signal transmission frequency range of the traditional non-contact rotary joint, can be used for adapting to the rotation direction of a broadband antenna in real time under the condition of uninterrupted transmission signals, improves the electrical property consistency of signal transmission of the antenna in the rotation process, and can be adapted to each frequency band of X-Ka.)

1. The broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint is characterized by comprising a stator shell, a rotor shell, a stator inner conductor, a rotor inner conductor and a transition inner conductor, wherein the stator inner conductor and the transition inner conductor are coaxially arranged in the stator shell, the rotor inner conductor is coaxially arranged in the rotor shell, the rotor shell is rotatably connected with the stator shell, and two ends of the transition inner conductor respectively form a non-contact coupling circuit with the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor.

2. The wideband contactless coaxial rotary joint of claim 1, wherein said coupling circuit is a capacitive coupling circuit.

3. The wideband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 1, wherein a first insulating support is disposed between the stator inner conductor and the stator housing, a first insulating support is disposed between the rotor inner conductor and the rotor housing, a second insulating support is disposed between the transition inner conductor and the stator housing, and the first insulating support and the second insulating support are used for supporting and fixing the rotor inner conductor, the stator inner conductor and the transition inner conductor.

4. The broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 3, wherein the second insulating support encloses the inner transition conductor inside, and a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the second insulating support is a double-T-shaped symmetrical structure.

5. The broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 4, wherein the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the transition inner conductor is a double-T-shaped symmetrical structure.

6. The broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 5, wherein the first insulating support and the second insulating support are each wrapped with a metal outer ring, the rotor housing and the stator housing are each provided with a slot adapted to be fixed by the metal outer ring for fixing radial displacement of the stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor and the transition inner conductor, the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor respectively pass through the first insulating support, and the diameter of the contact section between the stator inner conductor and the first insulating support and the diameter of the rotor inner conductor and the diameter of the non-contact section are smaller than that of the non-contact section for fixing axial displacement of the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor.

7. The wideband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 1, wherein the axes of the stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor and the transition inner conductor are all aligned.

8. The broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 4, wherein the first insulating support and the second insulating support are made of: any one of polyetherimide, polyimide, polyetheretherketone and polytetrafluoroethylene.

9. The broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint according to claim 1, wherein a ball bearing rotating mechanism is disposed between the rotor housing and the stator housing, and a mounting flange is further disposed on the stator housing.

10. A radar antenna comprising a wideband contactless coaxial rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 9, said rotary joint having a radar antenna mounted on at least one end.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna communication, and particularly relates to a broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint and a radar antenna.

Background

The rotary joint is an indispensable key device in a mechanical scanning radar system, and has the functions of realizing the normal transmission of microwave signals in the rotation process of a radar antenna and adjusting the radiation direction of the antenna in real time. With the development of radar technology, the requirements for the rotary joint are higher and higher, and not only the requirements for small loss, low standing wave and high power are required to be met, but also the fluctuation of the amplitude, phase and standing wave of the microwave in the rotation process of the rotary joint is required to be small enough so as to achieve a better signal transmission stable state.

The domestic radio frequency rotary joint technology is continuously improved along with the development of the radar communication technology, various fields of wireless communication are covered nowadays, the technology is mature, and the technology mainly comprises two radio frequency rotary joints of a contact type and a non-contact type.

Wherein, non-contact rotary joint's advantage does: the rotation is relatively stable, the service life is long, and the mechanical and electrical performance indexes are stable, and the defects are as follows: the frequency range is narrow (generally only about 15 percent), and the requirements of a broadband antenna or a multiband antenna cannot be met; the contact type rotary joint has the advantages that: the requirement of a broadband antenna or a multiband antenna can be met, but the mechanical structure has the defects of short service life, continuous contact pressure provided by mainly relying on spring leaves, spring pins and other elastic components, contact reliability in the rotating process is further ensured, and the use failure rate of the mechanical structure is high.

The invention content is as follows:

based on the defects, the invention provides a broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint and a radar antenna, and effectively solves the problems of small signal transmission frequency range and unstable signal transmission of the traditional non-contact rotary joint.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint comprises a stator shell, a rotor shell, a stator inner conductor, a rotor inner conductor and a transition inner conductor, wherein the stator inner conductor and the transition inner conductor are coaxially installed in the stator shell, the rotor inner conductor is coaxially installed in the rotor shell, the rotor shell is rotatably connected with the stator shell, and two ends of the transition inner conductor respectively form a non-contact coupling circuit with the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor.

Further, the coupling circuit is a capacitive coupling circuit.

Furthermore, a first insulating support is arranged between the stator inner conductor and the stator shell, the first insulating support is arranged between the rotor inner conductor and the rotor shell, a second insulating support is arranged between the transition inner conductor and the stator shell, and the first insulating support and the second insulating support are used for supporting and fixing the rotor inner conductor, the stator inner conductor and the transition inner conductor.

Further, the second insulating support wraps the transition inner conductor inside, and the longitudinal section of the second insulating support is in a double-T-shaped symmetrical structure.

Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the transition inner conductor is in a double-T-shaped symmetrical structure.

Furthermore, the outer sides of the first insulating support and the second insulating support are wrapped with metal outer rings, clamping grooves suitable for fixing the metal outer rings are formed in the rotor shell and the stator shell and used for fixing radial displacement of the stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor and the transition inner conductor, the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor penetrate through the first insulating support respectively, and the diameters of contact sections of the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor and the first insulating support are smaller than the diameter of a non-contact section and used for fixing axial displacement of the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor.

Further, the axes of the stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor and the transition inner conductor are all on the same straight line.

Further, the first insulating support and the second insulating support are made of the following materials: any one of polyetherimide, polyimide, polyetheretherketone and polytetrafluoroethylene.

Further, a ball bearing rotating mechanism is arranged between the rotor shell and the stator shell.

Furthermore, a mounting flange is further arranged on the stator shell.

In a second aspect, a radar antenna includes the wideband non-contact coaxial rotary joint of the first aspect, and a radar antenna is installed on at least one end of the rotary joint.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) the invention effectively realizes the widening of the frequency band by arranging the transition inner conductor section and forming a two-stage capacitive coupling circuit with the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor respectively, thereby solving the problem of narrow frequency band range of the traditional non-contact rotary joint.

(2) The stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor, the stator shell and the rotor shell are structurally designed by adopting a coaxial line theory, so that the widening of a communication signal transmission frequency band and the improvement of stability can be effectively realized.

(3) According to the invention, the group of ball bearings is arranged between the rotor shell and the stator shell, so that the mechanical friction force borne by the rotor shell during rotation is reduced, the smoothness of the rotation of the rotor shell is effectively ensured, and the flexibility and the service life of the rotary joint are further improved.

(4) According to the invention, the metal outer ring is wrapped on the outer side of the first insulating support and the outer side of the second insulating support in the circumferential direction, and the rotor shell and the stator shell are respectively provided with the clamping grooves for fixing the metal outer ring, so that the stability of the inner conductor in the radial direction is ensured.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lower half longitudinal section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective longitudinal cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-stator housing, 101-stator inner conductor, 102-stator insulating support, 2-rotor housing, 201-rotor inner conductor, 202-first rotor insulating support, 203-second rotor insulating support, 301-transition inner conductor, 302-transition insulating support, 4-mounting flange, 501-bearing, 502-connecting nut, 503-bushing nut, 504-gasket and 6-sealing ring.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic perspective longitudinal sectional structure diagram of the broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the broadband non-contact coaxial rotary joint includes a stator housing 1, a rotor housing 2, a stator inner conductor 101, a rotor inner conductor 201, and a transition inner conductor 301, wherein the stator inner conductor and the transition inner conductor are coaxially installed in the stator housing, the rotor inner conductor is coaxially installed in the rotor housing, the rotor housing is rotatably connected to the stator housing, and two ends of the transition inner conductor respectively form a non-contact capacitive coupling circuit with the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor.

In the embodiment, the transition inner conductor section is arranged and forms a two-stage capacitive coupling circuit with the stator inner conductor and the rotor inner conductor respectively, so that the frequency band is effectively widened, and the problem that the frequency band range of the traditional non-contact rotary joint is narrow is solved; in the embodiment, the stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor, the stator shell and the rotor shell are structurally designed by adopting a coaxial line theory, so that the widening of a communication signal transmission frequency band and the improvement of electrical property stability in a rotating process can be effectively realized.

In an implementation manner, based on the technical solution of the above embodiment, the above embodiment may be further optimized, which is specifically represented as: referring to fig. 2 and 3, it is shown that the stator inner conductor 101 is a cylindrical structure, the outer end of the stator inner conductor is a plug end, the inner end of the stator inner conductor is a coupling end, so that the coupling end is provided with a coupling cavity adapted to the transition inner conductor to extend into, and the stator inner conductor 101 passes through and is fixed by the stator insulating support 102, and the fixing manner is as follows: the diameter of a contact section of the stator inner conductor and the stator insulation support is smaller than that of a non-contact section; the stator is used for fixing the displacement of the inner conductor of the stator in the axial direction; a metal outer ring is circumferentially wrapped on the outer side of the stator insulating support 102, and a clamping groove suitable for fixing the metal outer ring is formed in the stator shell and used for fixing the radial displacement of the stator inner conductor;

the middle part of the transition inner conductor 301 is provided with a raised step, the longitudinal section of the transition inner conductor is in a double-T-shaped symmetrical structure, the corresponding transition insulating support 302 is also in a double-T-shaped symmetrical structure, and the whole transition inner conductor 301 is wrapped in the transition insulating support; the effect is two: firstly, the medium voltage resistance of the product can be obviously improved, and the signal transmission power of the product is further improved; secondly, the axial displacement of the transition inner conductor can be fixed; similarly, the transition insulating support 302 is also disposed between the transition inner conductor 301 and the stator housing 1; a metal outer ring is also wrapped on the outer side of the stator shell in the circumferential direction, and a clamping groove which is suitable for fixing the metal outer ring is formed in the stator shell and used for fixing the radial displacement of the transition inner conductor;

transition inner conductor and stator inner conductor are all fixed in stator housing, can keep static in the course of the work, can effectively guarantee the mechanical stability of rotatory in-process to realize signal transmission's uniformity, through the step design to transition inner conductor 301, can effectually carry out quick accurate positioning to it in transition insulating support 302.

The rotor inner conductor 201 is coaxially disposed in the rotor housing 2, and its fixing mechanism includes: the first rotor insulating support 202 and the second rotor insulating support 203 are arranged in the same way as the stator insulating support 102 and are arranged between the rotor inner conductor 201 and the rotor shell 2, and a round hole for the rotor inner conductor to pass through is reserved in the middle of the rotor insulating support; the diameter of a contact section of the rotor inner conductor and the rotor insulation support is smaller than that of a non-contact section; the stator is used for fixing the displacement of the inner conductor of the stator in the axial direction; the first rotor insulating support 202 and the second rotor insulating support 203 are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor inner conductor and play a role in fixing the rotor inner conductor; the outer side of the rotor is wrapped with a metal outer ring, and a clamping groove which is suitable for fixing the metal outer ring is formed in the rotor shell and used for fixing the radial displacement of the rotor inner conductor; the inner side end of the rotor inner conductor is the same as the stator inner conductor 101, and a coupling cavity suitable for the transition inner conductor to extend into is also formed in the rotor inner conductor and is symmetrical to the coupling end of the stator inner conductor;

of course, the axes of the stator inner conductor, the rotor inner conductor and the transition inner conductor are all on the same straight line, and the insulating support is made of the following materials: any one of polyetherimide, polyimide, polyetheretherketone and polytetrafluoroethylene. Through the electromechanical structural design, the broadband signal transmission of the two-stage capacitive coupling circuit is stably realized.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the lower half of the present invention in longitudinal section; as shown in fig. 1, the rotary joint further includes a mounting flange 4, the mounting flange 4 is fixedly disposed on the stator housing 1 and is used for being fixed with an external device, wherein the rotary connection mode between the rotor housing and the stator housing is specifically represented as: set up bearing rotary mechanism between rotor shell and stator shell, this mechanism includes: the bearing 501 is arranged in a left-right pair mode, so that the rotation stability of a rotor shell is guaranteed, and the two bearings are fixedly connected through the connecting nut 502, the bushing nut 503 and the gasket 504; so that the rotating mechanism is stable and firm. And a sealing ring 6 is also arranged on the stator shell 1 to ensure the sealing performance of the assembled stator shell 1.

This embodiment has reduced the mechanical friction that rotor case bore when rotating through set up a set of ball bearing between rotor case and stator case, and the effectual rotor case pivoted is smooth nature guaranteed, has further improved rotary joint's flexibility and life.

The size of the used dimension can be flexibly set by technicians in the field according to actual signal frequency band requirements, different dimensions are matched to adapt to signals of different frequency bands, the electromechanical structure designed by the invention can be suitable for X-Ka frequency bands (X wave band 8-12 GHz, Ku wave band 12-18 GHz, K wave band 18-27 GHz, Ka wave band 27-40 GHz), and through precise processing and assembling, the electrical property fluctuation during rotation is greatly reduced, and the performance is stable.

The antenna is mainly applied to mechanical scanning radars, particularly to a rotary joint of a radar antenna, the antenna realizes the change of the radiation direction through rotation so as to complete scanning, and the rotary joint is a key part for the rotation of the antenna under normal work, so that the antenna is ensured to smoothly complete the change of the radiation direction; the invention is a coaxial interface, and does not belong to a waveguide device of a hollow metal tube; in summary, the present invention is in the field of antennas and not in the field of waveguides.

The embodiments given above are preferable examples for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any non-essential addition and replacement made by the technical characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention by a person skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the invention.