阅读说明：本技术 一种基于相邻木空间关系的新建混交林营造模式 (Newly-built mixed forest building mode based on adjacent wood space relation ) 是由 张弓乔 惠刚盈 赵中华 胡艳波 于 2021-07-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于相邻木空间关系的新建混交林营造模式,包括种植点随机化配置形式,可采用一种或多种配置形式；混交营造模式,采用简便的株间混交,树种a和b的株数比例N-a：N-b根据适地适树的原则确定。通过模仿自然的森林结构中随机体分布特性,创新性地采用优化后的种植点随机化配置形式,配合株间树种混交模式,保证新建人工林在短期内发挥混交林的特性。该发明主要应用于新造林的营造模式设计中,通过构建更多的随机体和树种混交,提高林木空间格局多样性和树种混交程度,在降低造林成本的同时,提高造林成效。(The invention discloses a newly-built mixed forest building mode based on adjacent wood space relationship, which comprises a planting point randomized configuration form, wherein one or more configuration forms can be adopted; the mixed crossing construction mode adopts simple inter-plant mixed crossing and the plant number ratio example N of the tree species a and b a ：N b Determined according to the principle of being fit to the tree. By simulating the random distribution characteristic in a natural forest structure, the optimized random configuration form of planting points is innovatively adopted, and the mode of tree species mixing among plants is matched, so that the characteristics of the newly-built artificial forest can be ensured to play in a short period. The method is mainly applied to the construction mode design of new forestation, and by constructing more random organisms and tree species mixed, the diversity of the spatial patterns of the trees and the mixed degree of the tree species are improved, and the forestation effect is improved while the forestation cost is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a newly-built misconvergence forest construction mode based on adjacent wood spatial relationship which characterized in that includes:

A. planting point randomization configuration:

in any one or more of the following configurations:

planting point configuration form (1): the first row is completely planted, 1 tree is planted in each of the second row and the third row, no tree is planted in the next 2 planting points, namely the planting density of the first row of trees is three times of that of the second row and the third row of trees, the fourth row, the fifth row and the sixth row are respectively repeated for the first row, the second row and the third row, and so on until the planting in the forestation land is finished;

planting point configuration form (2): all the trees are planted in the first row, 2 trees are planted in the second row, no trees are planted in the 1 planting point next to the second row, no trees are planted in the third row, the first row, the second row and the sixth row are repeated respectively, and the process is repeated until the planting in the forestation land is completed;

planting point configuration form (3): planting all trees in the first row, planting 1 tree in the second row, not planting trees in the next 2 planting points, repeating the first and second rows in the third and fourth rows, and so on until planting in the forestation land is completed;

planting point configuration form (4): planting all the plants in the first row; and planting 1 tree in the second row, not planting the tree in the next 1 planting point, planting 1 tree in the third row, not planting the tree in the next 2 planting points, repeating the first, second and third rows in the fourth, fifth and sixth rows, and so on until the planting in the forestation land is completed.

B. Mixed operation building mode:

the mixed crossing construction mode adopts simple inter-plant mixed crossing, and the plant number ratio example N of the tree species a and b_a：N_bDetermined according to the principle of being fit to the tree.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of plants of the tree species a and b is N_a：N_bAny of the following is employed:

N_a：N_b＝10％：90％；

N_a：N_b＝20％：80％；

N_a：N_b＝30％：70％；

N_a：N_b＝40％：60％；

N_a：N_b＝60％：40％；

N_a：N_b＝70％：30％；

N_a：N_b＝80％：20％；

N_a：N_b＝90％：10％。

3. the method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the configuration of four planting points and the plant numbers of the tree species a and b are N_a：N_bAnd randomly combining the mixed forests into different mixed forest building modes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a newly-built mixed forest building mode, in particular to a newly-built mixed forest building mode based on the spatial relation of adjacent trees, and belongs to the field of forest cultivation specialties in forestry.

Background

The mixed forest building mode focuses on the mixed mode adopted among the tree species and determines the mixed condition of the mixed forest and the interaction relationship among the species. Common construction modes of artificial mixed forests include inter-plant mixed forests, inter-row mixed forests, strip mixed forests and block mixed forests. Planting point configuration generally refers to the configuration of a forest planting distribution.

Traditional plantation site configurations typically employ row planting modes. Although the simple method is easy for the popularization and management of the artificial forest, each seedling needs to be planted in a hole, and the afforestation cost is high. The problems of long wood forming period, low yield of large-diameter wood and the like are caused by self thinning of the trees along with the growth of the trees, aggravation of competition, equal distribution of environmental resources and the like, and the afforestation effect is directly low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a brand-new and efficient building mode of a newly-built mixed forest based on the space relation of adjacent trees, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a new mixed forest building mode based on the space relation of adjacent trees, which comprises the following steps:

A. planting point randomization configuration:

in any one or more of the following configurations:

planting point configuration form (1): the first row is completely planted, 1 tree is planted in each of the second row and the third row, no tree is planted in the next 2 planting points, namely the planting density of the first row of trees is three times of that of the second row and the third row of trees, the fourth row, the fifth row and the sixth row are respectively repeated for the first row, the second row and the third row, and so on until the planting in the forestation land is finished;

planting point configuration form (2): all the trees are planted in the first row, 2 trees are planted in the second row, no trees are planted in the 1 planting point next to the second row, no trees are planted in the third row, the first row, the second row and the sixth row are repeated respectively, and the process is repeated until the planting in the forestation land is completed;

planting point configuration form (3): planting all trees in the first row, planting 1 tree in the second row, not planting trees in the next 2 planting points, repeating the first and second rows in the third and fourth rows, and so on until planting in the forestation land is completed;

planting point configuration form (4): planting all the plants in the first row; and planting 1 tree in the second row, not planting the tree in the next 1 planting point, planting 1 tree in the third row, not planting the tree in the next 2 planting points, repeating the first, second and third rows in the fourth, fifth and sixth rows, and so on until the planting in the forestation land is completed.

B. Mixed operation building mode:

the mixed crossing construction mode adopts simple inter-plant mixed crossing, and the plant number ratio example N of the tree species a and b_a：N_bDetermined according to the principle of being fit to the tree.

Compared with the prior art, the newly-built mixed forest building mode based on the spatial relationship between adjacent trees provided by the invention has the advantages that the mixed degree of the artificial forest is increased as much as possible on the basis of the configuration form of planting points, and the complexity is reduced as little as possible. Therefore, different mixed forest building modes can be implemented by combining different mixed proportions in each planting point configuration form.

The essence of the nearly natural forest management is to simulate the natural forest structure. Increasing the diversity and complexity of stand structures of mixed forests is a possible way to support diversification of functions of ecological systems of artificial forests, to operate sustainability and to improve productivity. The structural study of the natural forest by using the angular dimension distribution shows that the forest distribution pattern of the natural forest is generally composed of three parts, namely uniform, random and bulk parts, and the random part accounts for the majority. The invention can increase the diversity of the patterns based on the incomplete unbalanced resource distribution, and the diversity is the key mechanism development of the formation of stability and productivity, and on the basis of determining a plurality of configuration forms of the forest planting points, the invention adopts the construction mode of inter-plant mixed to construct the artificial forest so as to accelerate the interaction among the tree species, thereby scientifically and effectively improving the tree species diversity, the tree species isolation degree and the spatial pattern diversity of the newly-built mixed forest. The invention has important significance for constructing stable and sustainable artificial mixed forest.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a randomized arrangement of planting points of an artificial mixed forest according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which solid circles are used for planting trees without dividing tree species.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-scale blending forest construction mode of the artificial blending forest in the present invention, taking a planting point randomized configuration (1) as an example.

In the figure, black solid circles are tree species a, and gray solid circles are tree species b.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described below by combining the attached drawings in the embodiment of the invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terms that may be used herein are first described as follows:

the term "and/or" means that either or both can be achieved, for example, X and/or Y means that both cases include "X" or "Y" as well as three cases including "X and Y".

The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other similar terms of meaning should be construed as non-exclusive inclusions. For example: including a feature (e.g., material, component, ingredient, carrier, formulation, material, dimension, part, component, mechanism, device, process, procedure, method, reaction condition, processing condition, parameter, algorithm, signal, data, product, or article of manufacture), is to be construed as including not only the particular feature explicitly listed but also other features not explicitly listed as such which are known in the art.

When concentrations, temperatures, pressures, dimensions, or other parameters are expressed as ranges of values, the ranges are to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of upper, lower, and preferred values within the range, regardless of whether ranges are explicitly recited; for example, if a numerical range of "2 ~ 8" is recited, then the numerical range should be interpreted to include ranges of "2 ~ 7", "2 ~ 6", "5 ~ 7", "3 ~ 4 and 6 ~ 7", "3 ~ 5 and 7", "2 and 5 ~ 7", and the like. Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical ranges recited herein include both the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the numerical range.

The terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description only, and are not intended to imply or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting herein.

Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art. Those not specifically mentioned in the examples of the present invention were carried out according to the conventional conditions in the art or conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The instruments used in the examples of the present invention are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional products that can be obtained by commercial purchase.

The invention discloses a new mixed forest building mode based on the space relation of adjacent trees, which comprises the following steps:

A. planting point randomization configuration:

in any one or more of the following configurations:

planting point configuration form (1): the first row is completely planted, 1 tree is planted in each of the second row and the third row, no tree is planted in the next 2 planting points, namely the planting density of the first row of trees is three times of that of the second row and the third row of trees, the fourth row, the fifth row and the sixth row are respectively repeated for the first row, the second row and the third row, and so on until the planting in the forestation land is finished;

planting point configuration form (2): all the trees are planted in the first row, 2 trees are planted in the second row, no trees are planted in the 1 planting point next to the second row, no trees are planted in the third row, the first row, the second row and the sixth row are repeated respectively, and the process is repeated until the planting in the forestation land is completed;

planting point configuration form (3): planting all trees in the first row, planting 1 tree in the second row, not planting trees in the next 2 planting points, repeating the first and second rows in the third and fourth rows, and so on until planting in the forestation land is completed;

planting point configuration form (4): planting all the plants in the first row; and planting 1 tree in the second row, not planting the tree in the next 1 planting point, planting 1 tree in the third row, not planting the tree in the next 2 planting points, repeating the first, second and third rows in the fourth, fifth and sixth rows, and so on until the planting in the forestation land is completed.

B. Mixed operation building mode:

the mixed crossing construction mode adopts simple inter-plant mixed crossing, and the plant number ratio example N of the tree species a and b_a：N_bDetermined according to the principle of being fit to the tree.

The number of the strains of the tree species a and b is as example N_a：N_bAny of the following is employed:

N_a：N_b＝10％：90％；

N_a：N_b＝20％：80％；

N_a：N_b＝30％：70％；

N_a：N_b＝40％：60％；

N_a：N_b＝60％：40％；

N_a：N_b＝70％：30％；

N_a：N_b＝80％：20％；

N_a：N_b＝90％：10％。

the above configuration of four planting points and the various number of the plants of the tree species a and b are given as example N_a：N_bArbitrarily combined into different hybridsAnd (5) forest building mode.

In order to more clearly show the technical solutions and the technical effects provided by the present invention, the following detailed description is provided for the embodiments of the present invention with specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2:

in this embodiment, the technical solution implemented by the present invention is clearly and completely described in combination with the planting point configuration form (1) in the present invention (fig. 2, upper right). The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Selecting suitable afforestation positions, afforestation tree species a and b and an example of the number of strains, wherein N is the example_a：N_b40%: 60 percent, the distance between the routine line and the column is 2 m;

adopting a hole planting method for afforestation, firstly determining the row and column positions, and fixing the accurate position of each tree;

selecting any one or more planting point configuration forms, wherein the planting point configuration form (1) is selected in the embodiment;

digging holes at the planting positions of the trees in the rows needing to be planted, namely the first, fourth and seventh … … rows by using a machine such as a mini excavator or manpower;

using a machine such as a mini excavator or manpower to make holes at the planting positions of the trees in the second, third, fifth and sixth … … rows, wherein the planting positions of the trees are not required to be planted completely;

in the rows (the first, fourth and seventh … … rows) needing to be planted, 1 tree seed a is planted each time, 2 tree seeds b are planted next, and so on;

the tree species a are planted in all the rows (second, third, fifth and sixth … … rows) which are not required to be planted in all the rows.

And repeating the steps until the planting on the forestation land is finished.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.