阅读说明：本技术 一种曲线开沟施肥机的垂直升降装置 (Vertical lifting device of curve ditching fertilizer distributor ) 是由 朱新华 张志毅 李洪春 赵怀松 肖佩江 邓海涛 于 2021-03-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明专利公开一种曲线开沟施肥机的垂直升降装置,属于农业机械技术领域,该装置能够平稳实现施肥机曲线开沟施肥装置的液压垂直升降。曲线开沟施肥机的垂直升降装置主要包含通用机架、滑轮组、滑轨Ⅰ、滑轨Ⅱ、液压缸Ⅰ、液压缸Ⅱ、上机架、下机架；升降装置沿其两侧滑轨方向竖直布置于施肥机主体后部,其前侧与施肥机车厢后板固定,后侧挂接曲线开沟施肥装置。公开的升降装置能够实现曲线开沟施肥装置升降高度液压可调,在满足曲线开沟施肥机平稳通过沟坎坡路的前提下,控制液压缸进油与排油,实现挂接机具的可控升降、平稳作业；且升降装置后部可悬挂多种作业机具,可实现开沟施肥机械的一机多用。(The invention discloses a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and can stably realize hydraulic vertical lifting of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator of the fertilizer applicator. The vertical lifting device of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator mainly comprises a universal frame, a pulley block, a slide rail I, a slide rail II, a hydraulic cylinder I, a hydraulic cylinder II, an upper frame and a lower frame; the lifting device is vertically arranged at the rear part of the main body of the fertilizer applicator along the directions of the slide rails at the two sides of the lifting device, the front side of the lifting device is fixed with a rear plate of a carriage of the fertilizer applicator, and the rear side of the lifting device is connected with a curve ditching and fertilizing device in a hanging mode. The lifting device can realize hydraulic adjustment of the lifting height of the curve ditching and fertilizing device, and control oil feeding and oil discharging of the hydraulic cylinder on the premise of ensuring that the curve ditching and fertilizing machine stably passes through a ditch slope road, so that controllable lifting and stable operation of a hitching machine tool are realized; and the rear part of the lifting device can be hung with various working machines, so that the ditching and fertilizing machine has multiple functions.)

1. A vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator is characterized by at least comprising a universal frame (5), a pulley block (6), a slide rail I (9), a slide rail II (11), a hydraulic cylinder I (4), a hydraulic cylinder II (10), an upper frame (3) and a lower frame (8);

the curve ditching fertilizer applicator at least comprises a fertilizer applicator main body (1), a carriage back plate (2), a hydraulic lifting system, a fertilizer flowing plate (12) and a curve ditching fertilizer application device (7);

the lifting device is of a pulley sliding rail type structure driven by hydraulic cylinders on two sides, and is vertically arranged at the rear part of the fertilizer applicator main body (1) along the directions of a sliding rail I (9) and a sliding rail II (11) on two sides, the front side of the lifting device is fixed with a carriage rear plate (2) of the fertilizer applicator, and the rear side of the lifting device is connected with a curve ditching and fertilizing device (7) in a hanging manner;

the sliding rail I (9) and the sliding rail II (11) are of I-shaped reinforcing structures, grooves on one side of each sliding rail I (9) and grooves on the other side of each sliding rail II (11) are of closing-in structures, the grooves on the other side of each sliding rail I (9) and the grooves on the other side of each sliding rail II (11) are of opening structures, and the pulley blocks (6) on the two sides are arranged in the grooves of the sliding rails I;

the hydraulic lifting system at least comprises a hydraulic pump (14), a flow distributing and collecting valve (17), a pressure reducing valve (15), a hydraulic cylinder I (4), a hydraulic cylinder II (10) and a one-way throttle valve (16).

2. The vertical lifting device of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding rails I (9) and II (11) of the lifting device are fixedly connected with the fertilizer applicator body (1) by the upper frame (3) and the lower frame (8), and the grooving openings of the sliding rails I (9) and II (11) are oppositely arranged inwards towards two sides of the carriage rear plate (2); a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the upper rack (3) and the lower rack (8), and between the sliding rail I (9) and the sliding rail II (11) and the rear plate (2) of the carriage of the fertilizer applicator;

the universal rack (5) is of a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped opening faces forwards, two rows of pulley blocks (6) are vertically arranged at the matching positions of the inner parts of two sides of the universal rack (5) and a sliding rail I (9) and a sliding rail II (11) which are vertically arranged, and the pulley blocks (6) in one row comprise a plurality of pulleys; the universal frame (5) is connected with a curve ditching and fertilizing device (7) at the rear part through a plurality of U-shaped bolts (13);

the hydraulic cylinder I (4) and the hydraulic cylinder II (10) are double-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinders which are respectively arranged outside the sliding rail I (9) and the sliding rail II (11) in parallel and symmetrically, the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder I (4) and the hydraulic cylinder II (10) are fixed on the upper rack (3), and the lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder I (4) and the hydraulic cylinder II (10) are hinged to the upper part of the universal rack (5); and the oil passages between the hydraulic cylinder I (4) and the hydraulic cylinder II (10) are at least provided with a flow dividing and collecting valve (17), a pressure reducing valve (15) and a one-way throttle valve (16).

3. The vertical lifting device of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer flowing plate (12) of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator is of a structure with a middle part capable of being turned, one end of the fertilizer flowing plate (12) is hinged at a discharge opening (18) of a rear plate (2) of a carriage of the fertilizer applicator, and the other end of the fertilizer flowing plate is overlapped above a feed opening (19) of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator (7).

Technical Field

The invention discloses a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator, relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and is particularly suitable for the field of orchard mechanized operation.

Background

In tea gardens, orchards and other areas where crops are densely planted regionally, a large amount of economic products are produced every year and are led to the market. Therefore, a large amount of biomass energy such as organic matter beneficial to the sound growth of crops is produced from the garden every year, and if organic matter can not be supplemented to the garden in time, the annual output of the crops in the garden can be directly influenced. Garden fertilization becomes the only choice of tea growers and fruit growers, and compared with the unfavorable phenomena of soil hardening and soil salinization caused by large-scale fertilizer input in garden, the input of organic fertilizer gradually gains the favor of farmers. However, under the reasons that the organic fertilizer has pungent smell and the operation environment is dirty and the farmers are heavily burdened by applying the organic fertilizer in a large scale in a garden, the farmers put the organic fertilizer into mechanical operation with the eyes, and the reasonable operation machine can realize integration of steps of ditching, fertilizing, earthing, compacting and the like of the organic fertilizer, so that the two hands of the farmers are liberated from heavy agricultural production.

The ditching and fertilizing machine in China gradually tends to be perfected, and the ditching and fertilizing machine is mainly operated by a tractor or traction and connection of power machinery, and can obtain different operating efficiencies by being equipped with tractors with different horsepower. Draw the effective transmission that can realize power admittedly, however, the analysis draws comparatively common four-bar linkage connected mode in the articulated mode: due to the limited structure of the four-bar mechanism, the limited spatial movement position and the like, the subsequent ditching and fertilizing machine is difficult to realize the lifting to a greater degree, so that the capabilities of the fertilizing machine of crossing ditches and ridges and crossing obstacles and climbing slopes are limited. For example, in patent CN207639123U, during the ditching operation of the curved ditching and fertilizing machine for orchard manure, the curved ditching and fertilizing machine is subjected to a large transverse force due to the lateral reciprocating motion of the curved ditching and fertilizing device in addition to the force of the soil to the front and back of the curved ditching and fertilizing device. Therefore, the fertilizer applicator can be subjected to external forces from different directions in the actual working process, and the requirement on the stability of the device by the operation quality is high. However, the traction and the lifting of the curved ditching and fertilizing device are realized by a four-bar mechanism which is hung on a vehicle body, the lifting height is limited, and machines and tools are easy to damage during the operation on the rugged ground; particularly, when the curved ditching and fertilizing device moves laterally to operate, the curved ditching and fertilizing device swings left and right due to the four-bar mechanism, and the operation is extremely unstable. Therefore, the research and development of the lifting device for hanging the power machine and the ditching and fertilizing machine is not slow.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching and fertilizing machine, which overcomes the defects of the original four-bar mechanism, can realize hydraulic controllable and large-amplitude lifting adjustment of the curve ditching and fertilizing machine, meets the requirements of the fertilizing machine on the capabilities of crossing ditches and ridges and climbing obstacles during running and operation on rough ground, and can effectively avoid the problem of lateral shaking during operation of the curve ditching and fertilizing machine, namely the problem of unstable operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses the following purposes: the utility model discloses a vertical lift device of curve ditching fertilizer distributor realizes that curve ditching fertilizer distributor's hydraulic pressure is controllable, by a wide margin vertical lift purpose, improves ditching fertilizer distributor cross the ditch and cross bank, climbing ability of surmounting, and curve ditching fertilizer distributor sways, the unstable problem of operation when solving fertilizer distributor curve operation for ditching fertilizer distributor ditching degree of depth is adjustable, operating quality is guaranteed.

The technical problems to be solved by the invention patent are as follows: firstly, the problem that the fertilizer applicator is insufficient in capabilities of crossing a ditch, crossing a ridge and climbing and crossing obstacles due to small lifting height of the original four-bar mechanism for the curve ditching and fertilizing device is solved; secondly, how to overcome the problem that the space operation of the curved ditching and fertilizing device is unstable due to the fact that the curved ditching and fertilizing device swings left and right when the fertilizing device operates in a curved manner.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a vertical lift device of curve ditching fertilizer distributor which characterized in that contains universal frame 5, assembly pulley 6, slide rail I9, slide rail II 11, pneumatic cylinder I4, pneumatic cylinder II 10, upper frame 3, lower frame 8 at least.

The curve ditching fertilizer applicator at least comprises a fertilizer applicator main body 1, a carriage back plate 2, a hydraulic lifting system, a fertilizer flowing plate 12 and a curve ditching fertilizer application device 7.

The lifting device is of a pulley sliding rail type structure driven by hydraulic cylinders on two sides, and is vertically arranged at the rear part of the fertilizer applicator main body 1 along the directions of sliding rails I9 and II 11 on two sides, the front side of the lifting device is fixed with a carriage rear plate 2 of the fertilizer applicator, and the rear side of the lifting device is connected with a curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 in a hanging mode.

The sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 are I-shaped reinforcing structures, so that the side force of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator in the working process can be borne, and the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 are prevented from deforming; the grooves on one side of the sliding rail I9 and one side of the sliding rail II 11 are provided with closing-up structures, the other side of the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 are provided with opening structures, the pulley blocks 6 on the two sides are arranged in the grooves with the closing-up structures, and the special sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 can prevent the pulleys from derailing.

The hydraulic lifting system at least comprises a hydraulic pump 14, a flow dividing and collecting valve 17, a pressure reducing valve 15, a hydraulic cylinder I4, a hydraulic cylinder II 10 and a one-way throttle valve 16; the flow distributing and collecting valve 17 is installed on oil inlet paths of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10, and the one-way throttle valve 16 is installed on the oil inlet paths and the oil outlet paths of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10.

The sliding rails I9 and II 11 of the lifting device are fixedly connected with the fertilizer applicator main body 1 by the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 8, and the slotted openings of the sliding rails I9 and II 11 are oppositely arranged inwards towards two sides of the carriage rear plate 2; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 8 and between the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 and the rear plate 2 of the carriage of the fertilizer applicator.

Universal frame 5 be U type structure, U type opening forward, 5 both sides of universal frame are inside to be installed with vertical slide rail I9 and the II 11 cooperation departments of slide rail of arranging plumbly two and are listed as assembly pulley 6, contain a plurality of pulleys in a row of assembly pulley 6, assembly pulley 6 can guarantee all the time: at least two pulleys are arranged in the slide rail on one side, so that the phenomenon that the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 turns back and forth in the working process is prevented; the universal frame 5 is connected with the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 at the rear part through a plurality of U-shaped bolts 13, so that the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 can be conveniently detached and the fertilizer applicator body 1 can be used for multiple purposes.

The hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 are double-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinders, and the telescopic process of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 can be completed through oil inlet and oil discharge in the working process; the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 are respectively arranged outside the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 in parallel and symmetrically, the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 are fixed on the upper frame 3, and the lower ends are hinged to the upper part of the universal frame 5, so that large expansion and contraction can be realized in one stroke; and at least a flow dividing and collecting valve 17, a pressure reducing valve 15 and a one-way throttle valve 16 are arranged on an oil path between the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10.

The fertilizer flowing plate 12 of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator is of a structure with the middle part capable of being turned, and when the lifting device moves up and down, the fertilizer flowing plate 12 is turned and folded to the upper part in advance, so that the lifting device is prevented from being blocked in the moving process; one end of the fertilizer dripping plate 12 is hinged at the discharge port 18 of the rear plate 2 of the carriage of the fertilizer applicator, and the other end is overlapped above the feeding port 19 of the curved ditching and fertilizing device 7.

The utility model provides a vertical lift device of curve ditching fertilizer distributor which theory of operation as follows: the vertical lifting device of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator disclosed by the invention can realize the lifting of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator to a greater degree before and after the fertilizer applicator works, and meets the capabilities of crossing ditches, crossing ridges and climbing obstacles during the normal operation of the fertilizer applicator. And when the fertilizer distributor normally ditches, the pulley slide rail type lifting structure in the lifting device plays a role in restraining the fertilizer distributor curve ditching and fertilizing device from shaking all around, so that the operation stability of the ditching and fertilizing device is ensured.

The specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows: in the transportation process of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer flowing plate is in a folded state, hydraulic cylinders on two sides of the lifting device are in a limit retraction state, the pulley block on the universal rack moves to the top end of the moving track, namely the curve ditching fertilizer applicator of the fertilizer applicator moves to the upper limit position of the stroke, the bottom of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator has a larger distance from the ground, the alpha angle (the included angle formed by the connecting line of the lowest end of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator and the rear contact point of the fertilizer applicator and the horizontal plane) accords with the technical standard of agricultural machinery, and the normal transportation, ditch crossing, ridge crossing and slope climbing capability of the fertilizer applicator are met. When the fertilizer applicator normally works, under the action of the hydraulic pump, the flow distributing and collecting valve and the like, hydraulic oil synchronously enters the hydraulic cylinders on the two sides, and then the hydraulic cylinders on the two sides are pushed to extend out until the normal working state of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator is reached. At the moment, the one-way throttle valve in the fine adjustment hydraulic system can play a role in slowing down the extension speed of the hydraulic cylinders on two sides; meanwhile, the land wheel on the fine-tuning curve ditching and fertilizing device can also realize different ditching depths. Before the fertilizer applicator normally operates and runs, the folded fertilizer flowing plate is put down and is overlapped above a feeding hole of the curve ditching and fertilizing device, so that fertilizer can continuously enter the curve ditching and fertilizing device through the fertilizer flowing plate, and finally the fertilizer synchronously falls into a fertilizer ditch which is opened in advance. After the fertilization operation is finished, the curved ditching and fertilizing device retracts the hydraulic cylinders on the two sides under the pushing action of the hydraulic oil, and ascends to the upper limit position of the stroke of the curved ditching and fertilizing device again along the respective vertically arranged rails to complete the operation process.

The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the invention discloses a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator. The problems that the lifting height of a curve ditching and fertilizing device in an original four-bar mechanism traction lifting device is limited, the fertilizer applicator crosses a ditch and passes a ridge, the climbing and obstacle crossing capability is limited and the like can be solved, and the large-amplitude hydraulic lifting of the curve ditching and fertilizing device can be realized by adopting a pulley sliding rail type vertical lifting device. The problem that the operation quality of the ditching and fertilizing operation is affected due to the fact that the curve ditching and fertilizing device swings in multiple directions when the curve ditching and fertilizing machine operates can be solved, the phenomenon that the curve ditching and fertilizing device swings and even turns on one side can be avoided due to the fact that the pulley block is matched with the fixed sliding rails on the two sides, operation stability of the curve ditching and fertilizing machine is improved, and operation quality is guaranteed.

Reference numerals: 1. the fertilizer applicator comprises a fertilizer applicator body 2, a carriage back plate 3, an upper frame 4, a hydraulic cylinder I5, a universal frame 6, a pulley block 7, a curve ditching and fertilizing device 8, a lower frame 9, a sliding rail I10, a hydraulic cylinder II 11, a sliding rail II 12, a fertilizer dropping plate 13, a U-shaped bolt 14, a hydraulic pump 15, a pressure reducing valve 16, a one-way throttle valve 17, a flow distributing and collecting valve 18, a discharge port 19 and a feed port.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side view of a curved ditching fertilizer applicator during transport;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a curved ditching and fertilizing machine during operation;

FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the vertical lifting device of the curved ditching and fertilizing machine in connection with the curved ditching and fertilizing device;

FIG. 4 is a pulley and slide rail matching view of a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator;

FIG. 5 is a structural view of an I-shaped slide rail of a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator;

FIG. 6 is a layout diagram of a hydraulic system of a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator.

Detailed Description

The specific implementation structure scheme of the vertical lifting device of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a vertical lifting device of a curve ditching fertilizer applicator is characterized by at least comprising a universal frame 5, a pulley block 6, a slide rail I9, a slide rail II 11, a hydraulic cylinder I4, a hydraulic cylinder II 10, an upper frame 3 and a lower frame 8; the curve ditching fertilizer applicator at least comprises a fertilizer applicator main body 1, a carriage back plate 2, a hydraulic lifting system, a fertilizer flowing plate 12 and a curve ditching fertilizer application device 7; the lifting device is of a pulley sliding rail type structure driven by a hydraulic cylinder I4 and a hydraulic cylinder II 10 on two sides, and is vertically arranged at the rear part of the fertilizer applicator main body 1 along the directions of a sliding rail I9 and a sliding rail II 11 on two sides, the front side of the lifting device is fixed with a carriage rear plate 2 of the fertilizer applicator, and the rear side of the lifting device is connected with a curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 in a hanging mode.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 are I-shaped reinforcing structures, and can bear lateral force in the working process of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator; the groove on one side of the sliding rail I9 and the groove on one side of the sliding rail II 11 are provided with a closing-up structure, the other side of the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 are provided with an opening structure, the pulley blocks 6 on the two sides are arranged in the groove with the closing-up structure, and the special sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 can prevent the pulley from derailing.

As shown in fig. 6, the hydraulic lifting system at least comprises a hydraulic pump 14, a flow dividing and collecting valve 17, a pressure reducing valve 15, a hydraulic cylinder i 4, a hydraulic cylinder ii 10 and a one-way throttle valve 16; the flow distributing and collecting valve 17 is arranged on oil inlet paths of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10, so that the problem of asynchronous expansion caused by different loads of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 can be solved; the one-way throttle valves 16 are installed on oil inlet and outlet paths of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 and used for regulating and controlling the stretching speed of the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10, and particularly realizing the micro-regulation of the ditching depth in ditching operation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a slide rail i 9 and a slide rail ii 11 of the lifting device are fixedly connected with a fertilizer applicator main body 1 by an upper frame 3 and a lower frame 8, and the slotted openings of the slide rail i 9 and the slide rail ii 11 are oppositely arranged inwards towards two sides of a carriage rear plate 2; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 8 and between the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 and the rear plate 2 of the carriage of the fertilizer applicator.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the universal frame 5 is of a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped opening faces forward, two rows of pulley blocks 6 are vertically installed at the matching positions of the slide rail i 9 and the slide rail ii 11 which are vertically arranged inside two sides of the universal frame 5, a row of pulley blocks 6 comprise a plurality of pulleys, and the pulley blocks 6 can be always ensured: at least two pulleys are arranged in the slide rail on one side, so that the phenomenon that the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 turns back and forth in the working process is prevented; the universal frame 5 is connected with the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 at the rear part through a plurality of U-shaped bolts 13, so that the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7 can be conveniently detached and the fertilizer applicator body 1 can be used for multiple purposes.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the hydraulic cylinder i 4 and the hydraulic cylinder ii 10 are double-acting telescopic hydraulic cylinders, and the telescopic process of the hydraulic cylinder i 4 and the hydraulic cylinder ii 10 can be completed by oil feeding and oil discharging in the working process; the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10 are respectively arranged outside the sliding rail I9 and the sliding rail II 11 in parallel and symmetrically, the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinders are fixed on the upper rack 3, the lower ends of the hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the upper part of the universal rack 5, and large expansion can be realized in one stroke; and at least a flow dividing and collecting valve 17, a pressure reducing valve 15 and a one-way throttle valve 16 are arranged on an oil path between the hydraulic cylinder I4 and the hydraulic cylinder II 10.

As shown in fig. 2, the fertilizer flowing plate 12 of the curved ditching fertilizer applicator is of a structure with a middle part capable of being turned, and when the lifting device moves up and down, the fertilizer flowing plate 12 is turned and folded to the upper part in advance, so that the lifting device is prevented from being blocked in the moving process; one end of the fertilizer flowing plate 12 is hinged at the discharge port 18 of the rear plate 2 of the carriage of the fertilizer applicator, and the other end is overlapped above the feeding port 19 of the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7, so that the organic fertilizer can be continuously applied to the pre-opened fertilizer ditch of the curve ditching and fertilizing device 7.

Further explaining the working principle of the vertical lifting device of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator disclosed by the invention patent:

the utility model provides a vertical lift device of curve ditching fertilizer distributor which theory of operation as follows: the vertical lifting device of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator disclosed by the invention can realize the lifting of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator to a greater degree before and after the fertilizer applicator works, and meets the capabilities of crossing ditches, crossing ridges and climbing obstacles during the normal operation of the fertilizer applicator. And when the fertilizer distributor normally ditches, the pulley slide rail type lifting structure in the lifting device plays a role in restraining the fertilizer distributor curve ditching and fertilizing device from shaking all around, so that the operation stability of the ditching and fertilizing device is ensured.

The specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows: in the transportation process of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer flowing plate is in a folded state, hydraulic cylinders on two sides of the lifting device are in a limit retraction state, the pulley block on the universal rack moves to the top end of the moving track, namely the curve ditching fertilizer applicator of the fertilizer applicator moves to the upper limit position of the stroke, the bottom of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator has a larger distance from the ground, the alpha angle (the included angle formed by the connecting line of the lowest end of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator and the rear contact point of the fertilizer applicator and the horizontal plane) accords with the technical standard of agricultural machinery, and the normal transportation, ditch crossing, ridge crossing and slope climbing capability of the fertilizer applicator are met. When the fertilizer applicator normally works, under the action of the hydraulic pump, the flow distributing and collecting valve and the like, hydraulic oil synchronously enters the hydraulic cylinders on the two sides, and then the hydraulic cylinders on the two sides are pushed to extend out until the normal working state of the curve ditching fertilizer applicator is reached. At the moment, the one-way throttle valve in the fine adjustment hydraulic system can play a role in slowing down the extension speed of the hydraulic cylinders on two sides; meanwhile, the land wheel on the fine-tuning curve ditching and fertilizing device can also realize different ditching depths. Before the fertilizer applicator normally operates and runs, the folded fertilizer flowing plate is put down and is overlapped above a feeding hole of the curve ditching and fertilizing device, so that fertilizer can continuously enter the curve ditching and fertilizing device through the fertilizer flowing plate, and finally the fertilizer synchronously falls into a fertilizer ditch which is opened in advance. After the fertilization operation is finished, the curved ditching and fertilizing device retracts the hydraulic cylinders on the two sides under the pushing action of the hydraulic oil, and ascends to the upper limit position of the stroke of the curved ditching and fertilizing device again along the respective vertically arranged rails to complete the operation process.