阅读说明：本技术 一种加工主轴 (Processing main shaft ) 是由 毕冬野 李春 张京城 于 2021-02-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种加工主轴,包括：主体、拉刀机构、打刀缸和驱动缸；拉杆具有拉杆空腔,打刀活塞朝向拉杆的一侧设有第一活塞杆,背向拉杆的一侧设有第二活塞杆,打刀活塞内设有贯通的活塞空腔,活塞空腔与真空泵连通；第二活塞杆穿过驱动缸,驱动缸用于驱动打刀活塞,使活塞空腔通过拉杆空腔与真空吸盘的出气口连通。本发明通过驱动缸,使拉杆空腔和活塞空腔连通,真空泵通过拉杆空腔和活塞空腔,对真空吸盘吸真空,使真空吸盘吸住工件,并移动工件,使工件运动至工作台,或从工作台离开。本发明公开的加工主轴,通过真空吸盘移动工件,无需另外设置机械手等装置,节省了设备成本,同时,设备的减少,提高了加工生产的稳定性。(The invention provides a processing spindle, comprising: the device comprises a main body, a broach mechanism, a unclamping cylinder and a driving cylinder; the pull rod is provided with a pull rod cavity, a first piston rod is arranged on one side, facing the pull rod, of the unclamping piston, a second piston rod is arranged on one side, facing away from the pull rod, of the unclamping piston, a through piston cavity is arranged in the unclamping piston, and the piston cavity is communicated with the vacuum pump; the second piston rod penetrates through the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder is used for driving the knife striking piston, so that the piston cavity is communicated with the air outlet of the vacuum chuck through the pull rod cavity. According to the invention, the pull rod cavity is communicated with the piston cavity through the driving cylinder, the vacuum pump sucks vacuum on the vacuum chuck through the pull rod cavity and the piston cavity, so that the vacuum chuck sucks a workpiece, and the workpiece is moved to the workbench or is separated from the workbench. According to the processing spindle disclosed by the invention, the workpiece is moved through the vacuum chuck, devices such as a mechanical arm and the like are not required to be additionally arranged, the equipment cost is saved, and meanwhile, the equipment is reduced, and the stability of processing production is improved.)

1. A machining spindle, comprising: the device comprises a main body (1), a broach mechanism (2), a unclamping cylinder (3) and a driving cylinder (4);

the broach mechanism (2) comprises a pull rod (21), the pull rod (21) is provided with a pull rod cavity (22), the unclamping cylinder (3) comprises a unclamping piston (31), one side of the unclamping piston, which faces the pull rod (21), is provided with a first piston rod (32), one side of the unclamping piston, which faces away from the pull rod (21), is provided with a second piston rod (33), the unclamping piston (31), the first piston rod (32) and the second piston rod (33) are internally provided with a through piston cavity (34), and the piston cavity (34) is communicated with a vacuum pump;

the second piston rod (33) penetrates through the driving cylinder (4), the driving cylinder (4) is used for driving the unclamping piston (31), and the piston cavity (34) is communicated with an air outlet of the vacuum chuck through the pull rod cavity (22).

2. The processing spindle according to claim 1, wherein the broaching mechanism (2) further comprises a hammering disc (23), the hammering disc (23) is coaxially fixed with the pull rod (21), the hammering disc (23) is provided with a connecting groove (231), the pull rod (21) penetrates through the hammering disc (23) and extends out of the bottom surface of the connecting groove (231), the first piston rod (32) is abutted to the bottom surface of the connecting groove (231), and a sealing ring is arranged between the side surfaces of the connecting groove (231).

3. A machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a rear end cap (5) having a connecting cavity (51), the second piston rod (33) passing through the connecting cavity (51) and being axially movable in the connecting cavity (51), a sealing ring being provided between the second piston rod (33) and the inner wall of the connecting cavity (51).

4. A machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the unclamping cylinder (3) is a hydraulic cylinder and the driving cylinder (4) is a compression cylinder.

5. A machining spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving cylinder (4) comprises a driving cylinder (41) and a driving piston (42), the driving cylinder (41) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the unclamping cylinder (35), the unclamping piston (31) is axially movable between the driving cylinder (41) and the unclamping cylinder (35), and a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving cylinder (41) and the unclamping cylinder (35);

the driving piston (42) moves along the second piston rod (33), a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving piston (42) and the second piston rod (33), and a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving piston (42) and the driving cylinder body (41).

6. A machining spindle according to claim 1, further comprising a pulling claw (24), wherein the vacuum chuck has a shank provided with the air outlet, and the pulling claw (24) is configured to pull the shank so that the air outlet communicates with the pull rod cavity.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of part machining, in particular to a machining spindle.

Background

When the part is machined, the part is machined by the machining main shaft, after the machining is finished, the workpiece is moved by other devices, such as a mechanical arm, so that the workpiece leaves the workbench, the workpiece to be machined is moved to the workbench by the mechanical arm to be clamped tightly, and the machining is continued by the machining main shaft. The workpiece exchange mode can be completed only by additionally arranging a structure for workpiece exchange, the device is added, the production cost is improved, the stability of the whole processing system is reduced, and the stable operation of processing production is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides a machining spindle to solve the above problems.

A machining spindle comprising: the device comprises a main body, a broach mechanism, a unclamping cylinder and a driving cylinder;

the broach mechanism comprises a pull rod, the pull rod is provided with a pull rod cavity, the unclamping cylinder comprises a unclamping piston, one side of the unclamping piston, which faces the pull rod, is provided with a first piston rod, one side of the unclamping piston, which faces away from the pull rod, is provided with a second piston rod, the unclamping piston, the first piston rod and the second piston rod are internally provided with through piston cavities, and the piston cavities are communicated with a vacuum pump;

the second piston rod penetrates through the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder is used for driving the knife striking piston, so that the piston cavity is communicated with the air outlet of the vacuum chuck through the pull rod cavity.

Further, broach mechanism still includes the cutter disk, the cutter disk with the pull rod coaxial fixation, the cutter disk has connecting grooves, the pull rod passes the cutter disk and follows the connecting grooves bottom surface stretches out, first piston rod with connecting grooves bottom surface butt, and with be equipped with the sealing washer between the connecting grooves side.

The piston rod assembly further comprises a rear end cover, the rear end cover is provided with a connecting cavity, the second piston rod penetrates through the connecting cavity and can axially move in the connecting cavity, and a sealing ring is arranged between the second piston rod and the inner wall of the connecting cavity.

Furthermore, the unclamping cylinder is a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the driving cylinder is a compression cylinder.

Further, the driving cylinder comprises a driving cylinder body and a driving piston, the driving cylinder body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the unclamping cylinder body, the unclamping piston can axially move between the driving cylinder body and the unclamping cylinder body, and a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving cylinder body and the unclamping cylinder body;

the driving piston moves along the second piston rod, a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving piston and the second piston rod, and a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving piston and the driving cylinder body.

Further, the vacuum chuck is provided with a handle, the handle is provided with the air outlet, and the pull claw is used for pulling the handle to enable the air outlet to be communicated with the pull rod cavity.

The invention discloses a processing spindle, which is characterized in that a pull rod cavity is communicated with a piston cavity through a driving cylinder, a vacuum pump sucks vacuum on a vacuum chuck through the pull rod cavity and the piston cavity, so that the vacuum chuck sucks a workpiece, and the workpiece is moved to a workbench or separated from the workbench. According to the processing spindle disclosed by the invention, the workpiece is moved through the vacuum chuck, devices such as a mechanical arm and the like are not required to be additionally arranged, the equipment cost is saved, and meanwhile, the equipment is reduced, and the stability of processing production is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a processing spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a vacuum state;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a unclamping cylinder and a driving cylinder in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a broach state is shown;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a processing spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a tool is released.

In the figure: 1. a main body; 2. a broaching mechanism; 21. a pull rod; 22. a tie rod cavity; 23. punching a cutter disc; 231. a connecting groove; 24. pulling a claw; 3. a knife striking cylinder; 31. a knife striking piston; 32. a first piston rod; 33. a second piston rod; 34. a piston cavity; 35. a knife striking cylinder body; 4. a drive cylinder; 41. a drive cylinder; 42. a drive piston; 5. a rear end cap; 51. a connecting cavity.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a machining spindle includes: the device comprises a main body 1, a broach mechanism 2, a unclamping cylinder 3 and a driving cylinder 4;

the broach mechanism 2 comprises a pull rod 21, the pull rod 21 is provided with a pull rod cavity 22, the unclamping cylinder 3 comprises a unclamping piston 31, one side of the unclamping piston, which faces the pull rod 21, is provided with a first piston rod 32, one side of the unclamping piston, which faces away from the pull rod 21, is provided with a second piston rod 33, a through piston cavity 34 is arranged in the unclamping piston 31, the first piston rod 32 and the second piston rod 33, and the piston cavity 34 is communicated with a vacuum pump;

the second piston rod 33 passes through the driving cylinder 4, and the driving cylinder 4 is used for driving the unclamping piston 31, so that the piston cavity 34 is communicated with the air outlet of the vacuum chuck through the pull rod cavity 22.

Fig. 1 shows a state of the machining spindle in this embodiment when the vacuum is sucked, the broaching mechanism 2 is in a state of holding the vacuum chuck, the unclamping cylinder abuts against the unclamping chuck, the piston cavity is communicated with the pull rod cavity, and the vacuum pump sucks vacuum in the vacuum chuck cavity through the piston cavity and the pull rod cavity, so that the vacuum chuck can hold a workpiece.

Broach mechanism 2 still includes beater disc 23, beater disc 23 with pull rod 21 is coaxial fixed, beater disc 23 has connecting groove 231, pull rod 21 passes beater disc 23 and follow connecting groove 231 stretches out the bottom surface, first piston rod 32 with connecting groove 231 bottom surface butt, and with be equipped with the sealing washer between the connecting groove 231 side. The outer diameter of the first piston rod 32 is equal to the inner diameter of the connecting groove 231, so that the first piston rod and the connecting groove are better sealed, the air tightness is guaranteed, the end portion of the first piston rod 32 is provided with a communicating groove, the pull rod extends into the communicating groove, a multi-zigzag sealing structure is formed among the pull rod, the cutter beating disc and the first piston rod, and the sealing effect is further guaranteed.

Further, the rear end cover 5 is further included, the rear end cover 5 is provided with a connecting cavity 51, the second piston rod 33 penetrates through the connecting cavity 51 and can axially move in the connecting cavity 51, and a sealing ring is arranged between the second piston rod 33 and the inner wall of the connecting cavity 51. One end of the connecting cavity is communicated with the piston cavity, and the other end of the connecting cavity is communicated with the vacuum pump. The second piston rod 33 is movable in the connecting cavity 51 during the axial movement.

The unclamping cylinder 3 is a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the driving cylinder 4 is a compression cylinder. The hydraulic oil cylinder is suitable for providing a large force to push the pull rod, so that the pull rod pushes the pull claw to complete the grabbing and releasing actions of the knife handle; in the embodiment, the driving cylinder 4 is used for pushing the piston of the unclamping cylinder to communicate the piston cavity with the pull rod cavity, so that the required force is smaller, and a compression cylinder is adopted.

The driving cylinder 4 comprises a driving cylinder body 41 and a driving piston 42, the driving cylinder body 41 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the unclamping cylinder body 35, the unclamping piston 31 can axially move between the driving cylinder body 41 and the unclamping cylinder body 35, and a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving cylinder body 41 and the unclamping cylinder body 35;

the driving piston 42 moves along the second piston rod 33, a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving piston 42 and the second piston rod 33, and a radial sealing ring is arranged between the driving piston 42 and the driving cylinder 41.

The broach mechanism further comprises a pull claw 24, the vacuum sucker is provided with a handle, the handle is provided with the air outlet, and the pull claw 24 is used for pulling the handle to enable the air outlet to be communicated with the pull rod cavity. The air outlet of the knife handle is communicated with the vacuum cavity of the vacuum sucker.

As shown in fig. 4, when the machining spindle disclosed in this embodiment grabs a vacuum chuck or a tool, the pull rod drives the pull claw to retract under the action of the spring, so that the pull claw grabs the tool shank; as shown in fig. 5, when the vacuum chuck or the tool is released, the knife cylinder piston pushes the pull rod to make the pull rod drive the pull claw to extend forward, the pull claw opens, and the tool shank is released.

When the vacuum sucking disc grabbing device is used, a cutter is released through the unclamping cylinder firstly, the vacuum sucking disc is grabbed, after grabbing is successful, the unclamping cylinder retreats, the driving cylinder is started, the piston of the driving cylinder moves towards the piston of the unclamping cylinder to push the piston of the unclamping cylinder, the end part of the piston of the unclamping cylinder is abutted to the unclamping disc, but the pull rod is not pushed, the pull claw is kept in a state of grabbing the vacuum sucking disc, then the vacuum pump is started, vacuum suction is started, and the vacuum sucking disc is enabled to suck a workpiece. After the vacuum chuck sucks the workpiece, the workpiece can be moved through the action of the main shaft, the machined workpiece is moved away from the workbench, or the workpiece to be machined is moved to the workbench.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.