阅读说明：本技术 一种含氯化锌电解质的自供电水凝胶及其制备方法 (Self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte and preparation method thereof ) 是由 代汗清 陈媛媛 胡哲 郭睿倩 张国旗 解凤贤 张万路 于 2021-01-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及化工技术领域,公开了一种含氯化锌电解质的自供电水凝胶及其制备方法,该方法采用自由基共聚法,选用丙烯酰胺、质量比0.01-2％的N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.01-5％的过硫酸铵、0.01-5％的过硫酸钾和0.001-10％的N,N,N’,N’-四甲基乙二胺作为凝胶单元的原料,使用漩涡振荡器,将原料充分分散在适量的去离子水中；超声除去气泡后,利用精密注射泵将混合溶液注射到模具中；室温条件下静置可得凝胶单元；调整凝胶单元数量和凝胶单元注射顺序可制得不同的水凝胶。解决了现有仿生皮肤材料机械耐久性和具有感知、通信及信号传输功能不可兼得问题,同时具有皮肤优良的机械耐久性和皮肤电子产品通信或信号传输功能,在仿生皮肤领域和仿生传感器、类皮肤电子产品领域具有广阔的前景。(The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, and discloses a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method adopts a free radical copolymerization method, acrylamide, N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide with the mass ratio of 0.01-2%, ammonium persulfate with the mass ratio of 0.01-5%, potassium persulfate with the mass ratio of 0.01-5% and N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine with the mass ratio of 0.001-10% are taken as raw materials of a gel unit, and a vortex oscillator is used for fully dispersing the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water; after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump; standing at room temperature to obtain gel unit; different hydrogels can be prepared by adjusting the number of gel units and the injection sequence of the gel units. The bionic skin material solves the problem that the existing bionic skin material cannot have the functions of sensing, communication and signal transmission at the same time, has excellent mechanical durability of the skin and the function of communication or signal transmission of skin electronic products, and has wide prospects in the field of bionic skin, bionic sensors and skin-like electronic products.)

1. A preparation method of self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) preparing a raw material A: the raw material A comprises acrylamide, N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide with the mass ratio of 0.01-2%, ammonium persulfate with the mass ratio of 0.01-5%, potassium persulfate with the mass ratio of 0.01-5% and N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylene diamine with the mass ratio of 0.001-10%;

(2) preparing a raw material B: the raw material B is at least two of 0.01-10% of zinc chloride, 10-50% of zinc chloride, 1-50% of cation exchange group compound and 1-50% of anion exchange group compound by mass ratio;

(3) using a vortex oscillator to fully disperse each raw material in the raw materials A and B in a proper amount of deionized water respectively to obtain at least two mixed raw material liquids;

(4) removing bubbles in each mixed raw material liquid by ultrasonic waves, and injecting each mixed solution by using a precise injection pump;

(5) standing at room temperature to obtain at least two gel units selected from a low-salt-concentration gel unit, a high-salt-concentration gel unit, a cation selection gel unit and an anion selection gel unit;

(6) adjusting the injection sequence of each gel unit to obtain different hydrogels.

2. A method of preparing a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte as defined in claim 1 wherein said cation selective gel unit said cation exchange group material comprises: (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4-vinylpyridine and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate.

3. A method of preparing a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte as defined in claim 1 wherein said anion exchange group material of said anion selective gel unit comprises: sodium isethionate, potassium 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropane-1-sulfonate, sodium acrylate, sodium carbonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

4. The method for preparing hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the gel unit has good elasticity, wherein the low salt concentration gel unit has an elastic stiffness coefficient of 4000-.

5. The method for preparing hydrogel according to claim 1, wherein the gel units are tested to form a test unit of "high salinity gel unit-anion selective gel unit-low salt concentration gel unit-cation selective gel unit-high salinity gel unit" or "high salinity gel unit-cation selective gel unit-low salt concentration gel unit-anion selective gel unit-high salinity gel unit", and can provide a stable current of 0.1 μ A to realize self-power supply.

6. A self-powering hydrogel produced by the method of producing a hydrogel according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The bionic skin has unique advantages in mechanical durability and the capability of measuring large-area complex sensation and has great potential in the field of manufacturing mechanically compatible multifunctional skin electronic products; new materials and manufacturing methods are being developed and brain/machine interfaces are being improved to allow signals of the skin, e.g. electrical signals, to be transmitted to the body.

Reference 1 discloses a dynamic cross-linked double-network hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein a double-component cross-linked polymer covalent bond cross-linked polymer is formed by cross-linking a polymer A and a polymer B through covalent bonds; the ionomer is formed by ionomer C and ionic compound through ionomer crosslinking. The preparation method is simple, can be used for in-situ injection molding, can quickly form the hydrogel in situ after compounding of a plurality of components of the composite gel, has better mechanical property and has certain application prospect in tissue engineering or tissue repair. The bionic skin is characterized by a mixed single-layer structure, does not have the functions of sensing and signal transmission, and cannot meet the related requirements of bionic skin products.

Reference 2 discloses a self-repairing flexible hydrogel electro-sensitive material, and a preparation method and an application thereof. It is characterized in that under the action of an electric field, a large number of anions/cations are gathered at one side of the element, so that the anions/cations are combined with positively charged fragment ions in a conductive medium, the structure at one side of the hydrogel is rapidly changed, the hydrogel element is bent, and the hydrogel has remarkable electrosensitive characteristics. The scheme of the reference 2 still does not have the sensing and signal transmission functions, and cannot meet the related requirements of bionic skin products.

The inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: these skin-like electronics are based on an array of sensors and control circuits on the surface of a flexible material to sense the external environment, whereas these materials have the disadvantage of poor mechanical durability and do not have the function of sensing communication or signal transmission. There is an urgent need in the market for new materials that have both excellent mechanical properties of the skin and the functions of electronic products sensing, communication and signal transmission of the skin.

Reference 1: application publication No. CN 108864494A is a dynamic cross-linking double-network hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof.

Reference 2: application publication No. CN 109320673A is a self-repairing flexible hydrogel electro-sensitive material, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-powered hydrogel containing a zinc chloride electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, so that a novel material with excellent mechanical and repairability of skin and communication or signal transmission function of skin electronic products is provided.

To solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing a self-powered hydrogel containing a zinc chloride electrolyte, formed of at least two gel units among a low salt concentration gel unit, a high salt concentration gel unit, a cation selective gel unit, and an anion selective gel unit in different combination sequences, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing a raw material A: the raw material A comprises acrylamide, N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide with the mass ratio of 0.01-2%, ammonium persulfate with the mass ratio of 0.01-5%, potassium persulfate with the mass ratio of 0.01-5% and N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylene diamine with the mass ratio of 0.001-10%;

(2) preparing a raw material B: the raw material B is at least two of 0.01-10% of zinc chloride, 10-50% of zinc chloride, 1-50% of cation exchange group compound and 1-50% of anion exchange group compound by mass ratio;

(3) using a vortex oscillator to fully disperse each raw material in the raw materials A and B in a proper amount of deionized water respectively to obtain at least two mixed raw material liquids;

(4) removing bubbles in each mixed raw material liquid by ultrasonic waves, and injecting each mixed solution by using a precise injection pump;

(5) standing at room temperature to obtain at least two gel units selected from a low-salt-concentration gel unit, a high-salt-concentration gel unit, a cation selection gel unit and an anion selection gel unit;

(6) adjusting the injection sequence of each gel unit to obtain different hydrogels.

The cation exchange group material in the cation selective gel unit comprises: (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4-vinylpyridine and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate.

The anion exchange group material in the anion selective gel unit comprises: sodium isethionate, potassium 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropane-1-sulfonate, sodium acrylate, sodium carbonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

The gel unit has good elasticity, wherein the elastic stiffness coefficient of the low-salt concentration gel unit is 4000-6000N/m, the elastic stiffness coefficient of the high-salt concentration gel unit is 6000-9000N/m, the elastic stiffness coefficient of the cation selection gel unit is 4500-6500N/m, and the elastic stiffness coefficient of the anion selection gel unit is 4000-6000N/m.

The gel unit comprises a test unit consisting of a high salinity gel unit, an anion selective gel unit, a low salt concentration gel unit, a cation selective gel unit, a high salinity gel unit or a high salinity gel unit, a cation selective gel unit, a low salt concentration gel unit, an anion selective gel unit and a high salinity gel unit, and can provide a stable current of 0.1 muA to realize self-power.

The hydrogel is prepared by the preparation method of the hydrogel.

Compared with the prior art, the bionic skin material solves the problem that the existing bionic skin material in the market cannot have both mechanical durability and communication or signal transmission function, and has excellent mechanical durability and skin electronic product communication or signal transmission function.

In addition, the invention realizes the exchange of anions and cations through the selective gel, simulates the nerve signal transmission of human skin, builds a self-powered bionic skin assembly, and has wide prospect in the field of bionic skin, bionic sensors and skin-like electronic products.

In addition, the present invention has excellent mechanical durability and can endure large deformation such as tension or compression or distortion without breaking.

In addition, the invention has the communication or signal transmission function, and particularly, stable current can be provided in the built test unit test; the hydrogel current changes along with the change of the external pressure, and a pressure signal can be converted into a current change signal.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.

Drawings

One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.

FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of a hydrogel product;

FIG. 2 is a mechanical property test chart of the hydrogel;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydrogel composition;

FIG. 4 hydrogel electrical properties;

figure 5 hydrogel current as a function of pressure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The following embodiments are divided for convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation to the specific implementation manner of the present invention, and the embodiments may be mutually incorporated and referred to without contradiction.

Testing the mechanical durability of the hydrogel: applying corresponding mechanical measuring equipment to the hydrogel or the hydrogel

The hydrogel cells were subjected to a compression-recovery test and the elastic coefficient k was measured.

Testing the electrical properties of the hydrogel: measuring the current between two surfaces to be measured of the hydrogel layer by using the built test unit within a specified time; and applying external force to the hydrogel at the measuring point, wherein the measuring current changes along with the change of the external pressure.

In the present embodiment, the low salt concentration gel unit, the high salt concentration gel unit, the cation selective gel unit, and the anion selective gel unit may be simply referred to as: l, H, A and C.

First embodiment

A first embodiment of the invention relates to a method for preparing a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte, specifically as follows:

the hydrogel is formed by at least two gel units of a low-salt-concentration gel unit (L), a high-salt-concentration gel unit (H), a cation-selective gel unit (A) and an anion-selective gel unit (C) in different combination sequences.

The gel unit preparation raw material and the mass composition comprise 0.01-2% of acrylamide, 0.01-5% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-5% of ammonium persulfate, 0.001-10% of potassium persulfate and 0.001-10% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine.

When the gel unit is a low-salt-concentration gel unit, the preparation raw material also comprises 0.01-10% of zinc chloride.

When the gel unit is a high-salt-concentration gel unit, the preparation raw material also comprises 10-50% of zinc chloride.

When the gel unit is a cation gel unit, the preparation raw material also comprises 1-50% of cation exchange group compound.

When the gel unit is an anion gel unit, the preparation raw material also comprises 1-50% of an anion exchange group compound.

The cation exchange group material in the cation selective gel unit comprises: (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4-vinylpyridine and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate.

The anion exchange group material in the anion selective gel unit comprises: sodium isethionate, potassium 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropane-1-sulfonate, sodium acrylate, sodium carbonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

The preparation method of the hydrogel comprises the following steps:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain gel unit;

(4) different hydrogels can be prepared by adjusting the raw material type composition and mass ratio, the number of the gel units and the injection sequence of the gel units.

The first embodiment of the invention also relates to a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte, a method for preparing said hydrogel as disclosed with reference to the first embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows a hydrogel in this embodiment.

Second embodiment

A second embodiment of the invention relates to a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte and a method for making the same. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment mainly in that: in the first embodiment, upper protection is performed; while the second embodiment of the present invention is a lower preferred embodiment. Further, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the second embodiment of the present invention is a lower example than the first embodiment.

The preferred invention provides an example of a low salt concentration gel unit in a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte:

the low-salt concentration gel unit comprises raw materials for preparing the low-salt concentration gel unit and the mass composition of the low-salt concentration gel unit comprises 0.01-0.5% of acrylamide, 0.01-2% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-2% of ammonium persulfate, 0.01-2% of potassium persulfate, 0.001-3% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 0.01-3% of zinc chloride;

the low-salt concentration gel unit comprises, by mass, 0.5-1.0% of acrylamide, 0.5-1.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 2-3% of ammonium persulfate, 2-3% of potassium persulfate, 3-6% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 3-6% of zinc chloride;

the low-salt-concentration gel unit comprises, by mass, 1.0-2.0% of acrylamide, 1.0-2.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 3-5% of ammonium persulfate, 3-5% of potassium persulfate, 6-10% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 6-10% of zinc chloride.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide an embodiment of high salt concentration gel units in a self-powered hydrogel comprising zinc chloride electrolyte:

the raw materials for preparing the high-salt concentration gel unit and the mass composition of the gel unit comprise 0.01-0.5% of acrylamide, 0.01-2% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-2% of ammonium persulfate, 0.01-2% of potassium persulfate, 0.001-3% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 10-20% of zinc chloride;

the raw materials for preparing the high-salt-concentration gel unit and the mass composition of the gel unit comprise 0.5-1.0% of acrylamide, 0.5-1.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 2-3% of ammonium persulfate, 2-3% of potassium persulfate, 3-6% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 20-30% of zinc chloride;

the raw materials for preparing the high-salt-concentration gel unit and the mass composition of the gel unit comprise 1.0-2.0% of acrylamide, 1.0-2.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 3-5% of ammonium persulfate, 3-5% of potassium persulfate, 6-10% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 30-50% of zinc chloride.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide an embodiment of a cation selective gel unit in a self-powered hydrogel comprising zinc chloride electrolyte:

the cation selective gel unit comprises raw materials for preparing the cation selective gel unit and consists of 0.01-0.5% of acrylamide, 0.01-2% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-2% of ammonium persulfate, 0.001-3% of potassium persulfate, 0.001-3% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 1-20% of a cation exchange group compound by mass;

the cation selective gel unit comprises raw materials for preparing the cation selective gel unit and a cation exchange group compound, wherein the raw materials comprise, by mass, 0.5% -1.0% of acrylamide, 0.5% -1.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 2% -3% of ammonium persulfate, 2% -3% of potassium persulfate, 3% -6% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 20% -30% of the cation exchange group compound;

the cation selective gel unit comprises 1.0-2.0% of acrylamide, 1.0-2.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 3-5% of ammonium persulfate, 3-5% of potassium persulfate, 6-10% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 30-50% of a cation exchange group compound by mass;

the cation exchange group material in the cation selective gel unit comprises: (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4-vinylpyridine and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide an embodiment of anion selective gel units in a self-powered hydrogel comprising zinc chloride electrolyte:

the anion selective gel unit comprises 0.01-0.5% of acrylamide, 0.01-2% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.01-2% of ammonium persulfate, 0.001-3% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 1-20% of an anion exchange group compound;

the anion selective gel unit comprises 0.5-1.0% of acrylamide, 0.5-1.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 2-3% of ammonium persulfate, 2-3% of potassium persulfate, 3-6% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 20-30% of an anion exchange group compound by mass;

the anion selective gel unit comprises 1.0-2.0% of acrylamide, 1.0-2.0% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 3-5% of ammonium persulfate, 3-5% of potassium persulfate, 6-10% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 30-50% of an anion exchange group compound by mass;

the anion exchange group material in the anion selective gel unit comprises: sodium isethionate, potassium 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropane-1-sulfonate, sodium acrylate, sodium carbonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

The second embodiment discloses a preparation method of self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte on the basis of the raw materials, two or more gel units are prepared, and the hydrogel is prepared according to different combination sequences:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials of the gel unit in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain a gel unit;

(4) similarly, different combinations of hydrogels can be made by adjusting the gel unit injection sequence.

In some alternative embodiments, the gel units or the hydrogels are tested for good mechanical durability.

In alternative embodiments, the gel may generate a stable current on the surface, the hydrogel current may change with changes in external pressure, and the pressure signal may be converted into a current change signal for use in fabricating a sensor or signal transmission device, which demonstrates the benefits described herein.

The steps of the above methods are divided for clarity, and the implementation may be combined into one step or split some steps, and the steps are divided into multiple steps, so long as the same logical relationship is included, which are all within the protection scope of the present patent; the core design of introducing no significant design, but not changing the raw material composition and preparation method thereof, is within the scope of protection of the patent.

Third embodiment

Based on the examples already disclosed, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a preferred example of a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte:

the low-salt concentration gel unit comprises, by mass, 0.01-2.0% of acrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of ammonium persulfate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium persulfate, 0.01-0.1% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 0.1-5% of zinc chloride.

The raw materials for preparing the high-salt-concentration gel unit and the mass composition of the gel unit comprise 0.01-2.0% of acrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of ammonium persulfate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium persulfate, 0.01-0.1% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 30-50% of zinc chloride.

The cation selective gel unit comprises, by mass, 0.01-2.0% of acrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of ammonium persulfate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium persulfate, 0.01-0.1% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 30-50% of a cation exchange group compound.

The cation selective gel unit comprises, by mass, 0.01-2.0% of acrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.1-0.5% of ammonium persulfate, 0.1-0.5% of potassium persulfate, 0.01-0.1% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 30-50% of an anion exchange group compound.

The cation exchange group material in the cation selective gel unit comprises: (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 4-vinylpyridine and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate.

The anion exchange group material in the anion selective gel unit comprises: sodium isethionate, potassium 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropane-1-sulfonate, sodium acrylate, sodium carbonate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.

The present embodiment discloses a method for preparing a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte on the basis of the raw materials disclosed in the present embodiment, and different hydrogels can be prepared due to different raw material compositions of gel units, different numbers of gel units, and different combination sequences of gel units:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials of the gel unit in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain a gel unit;

(4) similarly, the gel units are injected in sequence, and the injection sequence of the gel units is adjusted to prepare the hydrogel with different combinations.

In some alternative embodiments, the gel units or the hydrogels as described are tested for good mechanical durability.

In some alternative embodiments, the gel can generate a stable current on the surface, the hydrogel current changes along with the change of the external pressure, and the pressure signal can be converted into a current change signal for manufacturing a sensor or a signal transmission device. The above demonstrates the benefits described herein.

A third embodiment of the invention relates to a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte and a method for making the same. The third embodiment is substantially the same as the second embodiment, and mainly differs in that: in the second embodiment, upper protection is performed; in the third embodiment of the present invention, the following preferred embodiments are provided. Further, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the third embodiment of the present invention is a lower preferred embodiment of the second embodiment.

It is to be noted that the gel unit and the gel according to the present embodiment may be implemented by any one gel unit or a combination of a plurality of gel units in practical use. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present invention, elements that are not so closely related to solving the technical problems proposed by the present invention are not introduced in the present embodiment, but this does not indicate that other elements are not present in the present embodiment.

Fourth embodiment

A fourth embodiment of the invention relates to an example of a low salt concentration gel unit in a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte:

the low-salt-concentration gel unit comprises, by mass, acrylamide, 0.1% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.2% of ammonium persulfate, 0.2% of potassium persulfate, 0.01% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 0.5% of zinc chloride.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain the product.

The gel units described in this example have good mechanical properties and can be used to prepare hydrogels having good mechanical properties, as measured by the test method shown in FIG. 2, and the elastic coefficient k of the hydrogel, which can be calculated according to Hooke's law, is about 5130.0 N.m^-1. The above demonstrates the beneficial effect described herein of having good mechanical durability.

Fifth embodiment

A fifth embodiment of the invention is directed to an example of a high salt concentration gel unit in a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte:

the high-salt-concentration gel unit comprises, by mass, acrylamide, 0.1% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.1% of ammonium persulfate, 0.1% of potassium persulfate, 0.01% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 50% of zinc chloride.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain the product.

The gel units described in this example have good mechanical properties and can be used to prepare hydrogels having good mechanical properties, as measured by the test method shown in FIG. 2, and the elastic coefficient k of the hydrogel, which can be calculated according to Hooke's law, is about 7877.5 N.m^-1. The above demonstrates the beneficial effect described herein of having good mechanical durability.

Sixth embodiment

A sixth embodiment of the invention is directed to an example of a cation selective gel unit in a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte:

the cation selective gel unit comprises, by mass, acrylamide, 0.1% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.5% of ammonium persulfate, 0.5% of potassium persulfate, 0.01% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine and 40% of (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain the product.

The gel units described in this example have good mechanical properties and can be used to prepare hydrogels having good mechanical properties, as measured by the test method shown in FIG. 2, and the elastic coefficient k of the hydrogel, which can be calculated according to Hooke's law, is about 5542.5 N.m^-1. The aboveThis demonstrates the beneficial effect of having good mechanical durability as described herein.

Seventh embodiment

A seventh embodiment of the invention relates to an example of anion selective gel units in a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte:

the anion selective gel unit comprises 0.2% of acrylamide, 0.4% of N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.4% of ammonium persulfate, 0.4% of potassium persulfate, 0.1% of N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethyl ethylenediamine and 40% of hydroxyethyl sodium sulfonate.

The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) fully dispersing the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water by using a vortex oscillator;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution is injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain the product.

The gel units described in this example have good mechanical properties and can be used to prepare hydrogels having good mechanical properties, as measured by the test method shown in FIG. 2, and the elastic coefficient k of the hydrogel, which can be calculated according to Hooke's law, is about 5037.5 N.m^-1. The above demonstrates the beneficial effect described herein of having good mechanical durability.

The fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh embodiments are respectively specific optimization schemes of the single gel unit in the third embodiment.

Eighth embodiment

An eighth embodiment of the invention relates to an example of low salt gel units in a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte, as a comparative example to example four:

the low-salt-concentration gel unit comprises, by mass, acrylamide, N, N ' -methylene bisacrylamide 0.01%, ammonium persulfate 0.01%, potassium persulfate 0.01%, N, N, N ', N ' -tetramethylethylenediamine 0.001%, and zinc chloride 0.01%.

This example did not allow the production of a formable hydrogel because the raw material mass ratio was below the range as claimed. The above demonstrates that the claimed raw material species and ratio ranges are within reasonable ranges.

Ninth embodiment

The ninth embodiment of the invention relates to a self-powered hydrogel containing zinc chloride electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, wherein the gel units prepared in the first to seventh embodiments are optionally selected from two or more, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) using a vortex oscillator to respectively place the raw materials of each gel unit in different reaction containers and fully disperse the raw materials in a proper amount of deionized water;

(2) after bubbles are removed by ultrasonic waves, the mixed solution of each gel unit is sequentially injected into a mould by a precise injection pump;

(3) standing at room temperature to obtain hydrogel product.

One structural mode of the hydrogel is shown in figure 3, and is H-C-L-A-H or H-A-L-C-H; as shown in fig. 4, the hydrogel electrical test result shows that the two surfaces to be tested of the hydrogel can provide a stable current of 0.1 μ a, thereby realizing self-power supply; as the current of the hydrogel changes along with the change of the external pressure in figure 5, "A, B, C" and "a, b and c" are respectively the points of applied force, and the hydrogel can convert the pressure signal into the changed current signal according to the change of the current signal of the points of applied force in the figure, which proves that the hydrogel has the beneficial effect of sensing communication or signal transmission function.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.