阅读说明：本技术 一种Mxene-V2C改性的碳纤维织物自润滑材料及其制备方法 (Mxene-V2C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 赵普 王齐华 李宋 徐明坤 陶立明 张耀明 张新瑞 王廷梅 于 2021-01-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种Mxene-V-2C改性的碳纤维织物自润滑材料及其制备方法,属于摩擦材料技术领域。Mxene-V-2C在摩擦切应力作用下,其片层极易滑移,能够降低界面剪切强度,从而降低摩擦系数；同时,Mxene-V-2C表面具有大量F～-、OH～-官能团,可以提高其与碳纤维织物的界面结合特性,而良好的界面结合强度能够提高自润滑材料的应力传递和磨损寿命。本发明将Mxene-V-2C引入碳纤维织物,所得碳纤维织物自润滑材料具有低摩擦系数。实施例结果表明,本发明提供的Mxene-V-2C改性的碳纤维织物自润滑材料在0.101～0.125之间,具有良好的摩擦学性能。(The invention provides Mxene-V 2 C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of friction materials. Mxene-V 2 C, under the action of friction shear stress, the lamella of the composite material is easy to slip, and the interface shear strength can be reduced, so that the friction coefficient is reduced; also, Mxene-V 2 C surface has a large amount of F ‑ 、OH ‑ The functional group can improve the interface bonding property of the carbon fiber fabric, and the good interface bonding strength can improve the stress transfer and the abrasion life of the self-lubricating material. Mxene-V of the invention 2 C, introducing carbon fiber fabric, wherein the obtained carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material has a low friction coefficient. The results of the examples show that Mxene-V provided by the invention 2 C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating materialThe material is 0.101-0.125, and has good tribological performance.)

1. Mxene-V₂The C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises a carbon fiber fabric and Mxene-V loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber fabric₂C and phenolic resin.

2. Self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterised in that the Mxene-V₂Mxene-V in C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material₂The mass of C is 0.5-3% of the mass of the carbon fiber fabric.

3. The self-lubricating material according to claim 1 or 2A material characterized in that said Mxene-V₂The sheet diameter of C is 20 to 25 μm.

4. The self-lubricating material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbon fiber fabric has a fiber specification of 1K, a warp density of 10 pieces/10 mm, a weft density of 10 pieces/10 mm, and a mass per unit area of 120-130 g/m²。

5. The self-lubricating material of claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber fabric has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.22 mm.

6. Mxene-V according to any of claims 1 to 5₂The preparation method of the C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing Mxene-V₂C. Mixing phenolic resin and a polar organic solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a coating solution;

(2) soaking a carbon fiber fabric in the coating liquid, and drying the obtained soaked carbon fiber fabric to obtain Mxene-V₂C, the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the polar organic solvent is one or more selected from ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

8. The process according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the Mxene-V is used as a catalyst₂C. The mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the polar organic solvent is (0.01-0.06): (2-4): 4-8).

9. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic wave has a power of 450-550W and a time of 25-35 min.

10. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the time for the immersion is 10 to 20 min; the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of friction materials, in particular to Mxene-V₂C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Carbon fiber fabric reinforced composite materials have been widely used in the aircraft, automobile, railroad equipment, aerospace equipment and defense industry due to their outstanding advantages of self-lubrication, low cost, easy processing, chemical stability and light weight. At present, in the prior art, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene and other fillers are mostly used to improve the self-lubricating capability of the carbon fiber fabric, but poor wear resistance still is a bottleneck problem which restricts the long-term use of the carbon fiber fabric under complex and harsh working conditions. Mxene (Mechalene) is a new type of two-dimensional crystal of transition metal carbide or nitride, prepared by selective etching of an A atom layer in MAX phase, of formula M_{n+ 1}X_nWherein n is 1, 2 or 3, M is an early transition metal element, and X is nitrogen or carbon. Mxene-V₂C is an important member in Mxene, has higher volume specific capacity and faster electron transmission rate, so that the C is suitable for electrode materials of batteries and super capacitors; Mxene-V₂C has extremely large specific surface area and more hollow sites, so that the carbon dioxide has very high hydrogen storage capacity and is suitable for serving as a hydrogen storage material; Mxene-V₂C has good conductivity, hydrophilicity and stability in aqueous solution, so that it can be used as a catalyst for preparing hydrogen by catalyzing water decomposition. No Mxene-V₂C in tribology.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to Mxene-V₂C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material anda preparation method thereof. The self-lubricating material obtained by the invention has low friction coefficient.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides Mxene-V₂The C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises a carbon fiber fabric and Mxene-V loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber fabric₂C and phenolic resin.

Preferably, the Mxene-V₂Mxene-V in C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material₂The mass of C is 0.5-3% of the mass of the carbon fiber fabric.

Preferably, the Mxene-V₂The sheet diameter of C is 20 to 25 μm.

Preferably, the specification of the carbon fiber fabric is 1K, the warp density is 10 pieces/10 mm, the weft density is 10 pieces/10 mm, and the mass per unit area is 120-130 g/m²。

Preferably, the thickness of the carbon fiber fabric is 0.2-0.22 mm.

The present invention provides the Mxene-V mentioned above₂The preparation method of the C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing Mxene-V₂C. Mixing phenolic resin and a polar organic solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a coating solution;

(2) soaking a carbon fiber fabric in the coating liquid, and drying the obtained soaked carbon fiber fabric to obtain Mxene-V₂C, the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material.

Preferably, the polar organic solvent is one or more of ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

Preferably, the Mxene-V₂C. The mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the polar organic solvent is (0.01-0.06): (2-4): 4-8).

Preferably, the power of the ultrasound is 450-550W, and the time is 25-35 min.

Preferably, the dipping time is 10-20 min; the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 min.

The invention provides Mxene-V₂The C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises a carbon fiber fabric and Mxene-V loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber fabric₂C。Mxene-V₂C, under the action of friction shear stress, the lamella of the composite material is easy to slip, and the interface shear strength can be reduced, so that the friction coefficient is reduced; also, Mxene-V₂C surface has a large amount of F^-、OH^-The functional group can improve the interface bonding property of the carbon fiber fabric, and the good interface bonding strength can improve the stress transfer and the abrasion life of the self-lubricating material. Mxene-V of the invention₂C, introducing carbon fiber fabric, wherein the obtained carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material has a low friction coefficient. The results of the examples show that Mxene-V provided by the invention₂The C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material is 0.101-0.125, and has good tribological performance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows Mxene-V obtained in example 1₂And C, SEM image of the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material.

Detailed Description

The invention provides Mxene-V₂The C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises a carbon fiber fabric and Mxene-V loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber fabric₂C and phenolic resin.

In the present invention, the Mxene-V₂Mxene-V in C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material₂The mass of C is preferably 0.5-3% of that of the carbon fiber fabric, and more preferably 1-2%; in the present invention, the Mxene-V₂The sheet diameter of C is preferably 20 to 25 μm, more preferably 22 to 24 μm. The invention is directed to the Mxene-V₂The source of C is not particularly critical, using Mxene-V which is commercially available and is conventional in the art₂And C, obtaining the finished product. As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the Mxene-V₂C was purchased from hangzhou nautidae technologies ltd. In the present invention, Mxene-V is subjected to frictional shear stress₂The C sheet layer is easy to slip, and the interface shear strength can be reduced, so that the friction coefficient is reduced; also, Mxene-V₂C surface has a large amount of F^-、OH^-The functional group can improve the interface bonding property of the carbon fiber fabric, and the good interface bonding strength can improve the stress transfer and the abrasion life of the self-lubricating material.

In the invention, the fiber specification of the carbon fiber fabric is preferably 1K, the warp density is preferably 10 pieces/10 mm, the weft density is preferably 10 pieces/10 mm, and the mass per unit area is preferably 120-130 g/m²More preferably 150g/m²(ii) a The thickness of the carbon fiber fabric is preferably 0.2-0.22 mm, and more preferably 0.21 mm. The invention has no special requirement on the source of the carbon fiber fabric, and the carbon fiber fabric which is generally sold in the field can be used.

The invention provides the Mxene-V₂The preparation method of the C modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing Mxene-V₂C. Mixing phenolic resin and a polar organic solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a coating solution;

(2) soaking a carbon fiber fabric in the coating liquid, and drying the obtained soaked carbon fiber fabric to obtain Mxene-V₂C, the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material.

Mxene-V of the invention₂C. Mixing phenolic resin and a polar organic solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain the coating liquid. The phenolic resin is not particularly required in the present invention, and a phenolic resin well known to those skilled in the art may be used. As a specific embodiment of the invention, the phenolic resin is the phenol-formaldehyde resin of the iron Anchor brand 204 produced by Shanghai New photo chemical industry Co. In the present invention, the polar organic solvent is preferably one or more of ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate, and more preferably ethyl acetate.

The invention does not require any particular mixing means, such as stirring, known to the person skilled in the art. In the present invention, the Mxene-V₂C. The mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the polar organic solvent is preferably (0.01-0.06): (2-4): 4-8), more preferably (0.02-0.05): 2.5-3.5): 5-7, and still more preferably (0.03-0.03): 3: 6.

In the invention, the power of the ultrasonic wave is preferably 500W, and the time is preferably 25-35 min, and more preferably 30 min.

After the coating liquid is obtained, the carbon fiber fabric is soaked in the coating liquid, and the obtained soaked carbon fiber fabric is dried to obtain Mxene-V₂C, the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material. In the invention, the soaking time is preferably 10-20 min, more preferably 12-18 min, and further preferably 15 min; the temperature of the impregnation is preferably room temperature. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 70-80 ℃, and more preferably 75 ℃; the drying time is preferably 30-60 min, and more preferably 40-50 min.

In the present invention, the Mxene-V₂Compared with the carbon fiber fabric, the C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material preferably increases the weight by 40-60%, more preferably increases the weight by 45-55%, and further preferably increases the weight by 50%. When the weight of the composite material cannot reach 40-60%, the impregnation and drying operations are preferably repeated until the weight is increased to meet the requirement.

In the present invention, the Mxene-V₂The use method of the C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material preferably comprises the following steps:

Mxene-V using adhesive₂C, the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material is adhered to the surface of the metal piece and is solidified under the condition of applying pressure.

In the invention, the adhesive is preferably one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyimide resin and polyether ether ketone resin. The amount of the binder used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be those known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, the metal member is preferably made of titanium alloy, 304 steel, aluminum alloy, or bearing steel.

In the present invention, the pressure to be applied is preferably 0.1 to 0.3MPa, and more preferably 0.2 MPa. In the invention, the curing temperature is preferably 120-150 ℃, and more preferably 130-140 ℃; the heating rate for heating to the curing temperature is preferably 5-10 ℃/min, and more preferably 6-8 ℃/min. In the invention, the curing time is preferably 2-5 h, and more preferably 3-4 h; the present invention calculates the curing time from the temperature rise to the curing temperature.

In the present invention, Mxene-V is used in the curing process₂The phenolic resin in the C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material is crosslinked with the adhesive, so that the Mxene-V can be improved₂And C, the bonding strength of the modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material on the surface of the metal piece.

The following examples are given to Mxene-V provided by the present invention₂The C-modified carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material and the preparation method thereof are explained in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Mixing phenolic resin, ethanol and Mxene-V with a plate diameter of 20 μm₂C, 30g by mass: 60 g: dispersing 0.4g of the mixture for 32min under the ultrasonic condition of 500W to obtain coating liquid;

(2) the specification is 1K, the warp density is 10 pieces/10 mm, the weft density is 10 pieces/10 mm, and the mass per unit area is 125g/m²Soaking the carbon fiber fabric in the coating solution for 15min, then transferring the carbon fiber fabric into a 75 ℃ blast oven to dry for 45min, repeating the soaking process until the weight of the blended fiber fabric is increased by 50%, and obtaining Mxene-V₂C, carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material with the load of 2.5 percent of the mass of the fiber cloth;

(3) and (3) sticking the self-lubricating material on the surface of the titanium alloy by using phenolic resin, applying pressure of 0.2MPa, heating from room temperature to 150 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, curing for 4h, and forming to obtain a sample No. 1.

SEM image of the obtained carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material is shown in the figure. As can be seen from FIG. 1, Mxene-V₂C is successfully loaded on the surface of the carbon fiber fabric.

Example 2

(1) Mixing phenolic resin, ethanol, acetone, etc. to obtain organic solvent, and Mxene-V with 25 μm sheet diameter₂Dispersing the C by mass of 20g, 40g and 0.1g under the ultrasonic condition of 550W for 35min to obtain a coating solution;

(2) the specification is 1K, the warp density is 10Root/10 mm, weft density of 10 root/10 mm, and mass per unit area of 120g/m²Soaking the carbon fiber fabric in the coating liquid for 10min, then transferring the carbon fiber fabric into a 70 ℃ blast oven for drying for 30min, repeating the soaking process until the weight of the blended fiber fabric is increased by 40%, and obtaining Mxene-V₂C, carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material with the load of 0.8 percent of the mass of the fiber cloth;

(3) the self-lubricating material is pasted on the surface of 304 steel by phenolic resin, the pressure of 0.1MPa is applied, the temperature is increased to 120 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and the sample is formed after being solidified for 2h and is marked as a No. 2 sample.

Example 3

(1) Mixing phenolic resin, ethanol, ethyl acetate, etc. to obtain organic solvent, and Mxene-V with 22 μm sheet diameter₂C, 40g by mass: 80 g: dispersing 0.6g of the mixture for 25min under the ultrasonic condition of 450W to obtain coating liquid;

(2) the specification is 1K, the warp density is 10 pieces/10 mm, the weft density is 10 pieces/10 mm, and the mass per unit area is 130g/m²Soaking the carbon fiber fabric in the coating liquid for 20min, then transferring the carbon fiber fabric into a blast oven at 80 ℃ for drying for 60min, and repeating the soaking process until the weight of the blended fiber fabric is increased by 60 percent to obtain Mxene-V₂C, carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material with the load of 3% of the mass of the fiber cloth;

(3) and (3) sticking the self-lubricating material on the surface of the aluminum alloy by using phenolic resin, applying pressure of 0.3MPa, heating from room temperature to 140 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, curing for 5h, and then forming, wherein the sample is marked as a No. 3 sample.

Example 4

(1) An organic solvent obtained by mixing phenolic resin, ethyl acetate, acetone and the like by mass, and Mxene-V with the sheet diameter of 24 mu m₂C, 40g by mass: 40g: dispersing 0.4g of the mixture for 28min under the ultrasonic condition of 500W to obtain coating liquid;

(2) the specification is 1K, the warp density is 10 pieces/10 mm, the weft density is 10 pieces/10 mm, and the mass per unit area is 125g/m²The carbon fiber fabric is soaked in the coating liquid for 17min, then the carbon fiber fabric is moved to a blast oven at 74 ℃ for drying for 55min, the soaking process is repeated until the weight of the blended fiber fabric is increased by 45 percent to obtain Mxene-V₂C loading amount ofThe carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material accounts for 1.7% of the mass of the fiber cloth;

(3) and (3) pasting the self-lubricating material on the surface of the bearing steel by using phenolic resin, applying a pressure of 0.1MPa, raising the temperature from room temperature to 135 ℃ at a speed of 8 ℃/min, curing for 3h, and forming to obtain a sample No. 4.

Example 5

(1) Mixing phenolic resin, ethyl acetate, and Mxene-V with 25 μm sheet diameter₂C, 30g of mass ratio: 80 g: 0.2g of the coating solution is dispersed for 30min under the ultrasonic condition of 550W to obtain a coating solution;

(2) the specification is 1K, the warp density is 10 pieces/10 mm, the weft density is 10 pieces/10 mm, and the mass per unit area is 120g/m²The carbon fiber fabric is soaked in the coating liquid for 18min, then the carbon fiber fabric is moved to a blast oven at 71 ℃ for drying for 45min, the soaking process is repeated until the weight of the blended fiber fabric is increased by 55 percent to obtain Mxene-V₂C, carbon fiber fabric self-lubricating material with the load of 1.4% of the mass of the fiber cloth;

(3) the self-lubricating material is pasted on the surface of 304 steel by phenolic resin, the pressure of 0.3MPa is applied, the temperature is increased to 120 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 6 ℃/min, and the sample is formed after being solidified for 4h and is marked as a No. 5 sample.

Comparative example 1

Mixing phenolic resin and ethanol according to a mass ratio of 30.4 g: 60g of the coating solution was dispersed for 32min under 500W of ultrasound to obtain a coating solution. The rest was exactly the same as example 1, and sample No. 6 was obtained.

Comparative example 2

Mxene-V from example 1₂The graphite was replaced with C, and the remaining operations were identical, to give sample No. 7.

Comparative example 3

Mxene-V from example 1₂And C is replaced by graphene-like carbon nitride, and the rest operations are completely the same, so that an 8# sample is obtained.

Performance testing

The samples obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for the friction coefficient and the width of the wear scar, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1. Wherein the coefficient of friction is measured by a CSM friction machine according to the formula μ ═ F/N, where μ is the coefficient of friction, F is the friction force, and N is the positive pressure. The width of the grinding crack was measured by a scanning electron microscope. And (3) oppositely grinding one side of the sample, which is adhered with the fiber fabric composite material, obtained in the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-3 with a steel ball with the diameter of 3mm, wherein the test loading force is 5N, the rotating speed is 5cm/s, the running time is 1h, and the friction coefficient and the grinding crack width are the average values of 5 tests.

TABLE 1 Friction Properties of samples obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3

It can be seen from the examples and comparative examples that the carbon fiber fabrics, after addition of graphite, a common lubricant, have a reduced coefficient of friction but still have a high wear rate. And a novel functionalized two-dimensional layered material (structure and Mxene-V) of graphene-like carbon nitride is added₂C is the same) improves the wear resistance of the carbon fiber fabric, but the friction coefficient is not greatly reduced. From the examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that Mxene-V added according to the invention₂C can greatly improve the wear resistance of the composite material while reducing the friction coefficient. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.