阅读说明：本技术 一种多品种原油在线调和的方法 (Method for blending various crude oils on line ) 是由 彭光勤 王晓猛 周光涛 尚纪兵 叶芳礼 刘静翔 李巍 苏其州 徐庆辉 李涛 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于石油化工、炼油领域,具体是一种多品种原油在线调和的方法。方法包括以下步骤：原油存放于原油罐区；频繁切换原油罐或带付新罐过程中,带付罐时长48h以上,或主付罐在50％液位时带入带付罐；当设计加工油种为重质或中质原油,在加工轻质原油时,轻质原油在切换罐时提前24h将轻质原油加工比例降低1～3％,对应的中质或重质原油提高1～3％,待轻质原油主付罐切除,带付罐主付后再将轻质原油比例调回；若设计加工油种为轻质原油,在加工重质原油时,同样按此操作。本发明调和方法应用于实际生产中,能够稳定常减压装置原料,确保常减压装置运行稳定；原油性质整体稳定,有利于下游渣油加氢装置长周期稳定运行。(The invention belongs to the fields of petrochemical industry and oil refining, and particularly relates to a method for blending various crude oils on line. The method comprises the following steps: storing crude oil in a crude oil tank area; in the process of frequently switching the crude oil tank or the tank with the auxiliary tank, the time of the tank with the auxiliary tank is more than 48 hours, or the crude oil tank or the tank with the auxiliary tank is brought into the tank with the auxiliary tank when the liquid level of the main auxiliary tank is 50 percent; when the processing oil is heavy or medium crude oil, when the light crude oil is processed, the processing proportion of the light crude oil is reduced by 1-3% by 24 hours in advance when the tanks are switched, the corresponding medium or heavy crude oil is improved by 1-3%, and the proportion of the light crude oil is adjusted back after the main auxiliary tank of the light crude oil is cut off and the main auxiliary tank of the auxiliary tank is carried; if the processing oil is designed to be light crude oil, the same operation is carried out when processing heavy crude oil. The blending method is applied to actual production, and can stabilize the raw materials of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and ensure the stable operation of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit; the crude oil has stable properties, and is beneficial to long-period stable operation of a downstream residual oil hydrogenation device.)

1. A method for blending multiple crude oils on line is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) storing crude oil in a crude oil tank area;

(2) under the condition that the processing load of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device is large or the reservoir capacity of the crude oil tank area is small, frequently switching the crude oil tank or the auxiliary tank, wherein in the switching process, the auxiliary tank is carried for more than 48 hours, or the main auxiliary tank is carried into the auxiliary tank when the liquid level of the main auxiliary tank is 50 percent;

(3) when the process oil is designed to be heavy or medium crude oil, and when light crude oil is processed, the light crude oil operates as follows when switching tanks: reducing the processing proportion of the light crude oil by 1-3% 24h in advance, improving the corresponding medium or heavy crude oil by 1-3%, and returning the proportion of the light crude oil after the main and auxiliary tanks of the light crude oil are cut off and the main and auxiliary tanks are carried;

when the processed oil is light crude oil, when the heavy crude oil is processed, the processing proportion of the heavy crude oil is reduced by 1-3% 24h in advance, the corresponding medium or light crude oil is improved by 1-3%, and after a main auxiliary tank of the heavy crude oil is cut off and the main auxiliary tank is carried, the proportion of the heavy crude oil is adjusted back.

2. The method for blending crude oils of different varieties on line according to claim 1, wherein the crude oils in step (1) are stored in 3 ways, corresponding to 3 using ways, respectively:

the crude oil is purchased and classified according to API: heavy crude oil, medium crude oil and light crude oil, or low sulfur crude oil, sulfur-containing crude oil and high sulfur crude oil, which are specially used for the tank and can be taken at any time;

mixing and storing different types of crude oil: when the device is used, the storage tank mixed with different types of crude oil starts the rotary spraying in the tank for self-circulation operation 24 hours in advance, so that the mixed oil at the tank bottom is uniformly mixed;

storing new crude oil: when the primary processing is carried out, the principle of early zone, small proportion and long-time carrying is followed so as to ensure the raw material stability of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and the downstream secondary processing unit.

3. The method for blending a plurality of crude oils on line according to claim 2, wherein when the new crude oil is first processed and delivered, the new crude oil is delivered according to the first 4% (full load of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit) and is stabilized for 24 h; and subsequently, increasing the belt payment by 2 percent (full load of an atmospheric and vacuum device) each time, and stabilizing for 24 hours after increasing the belt payment each time until the belt payment is increased to the required processing proportion.

4. The method for blending crude oils of various varieties on line according to claim 1, wherein the time for taking a payment tank in the step (2) is more than 48h, specifically: the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is gradually increased until the belt payment tank becomes a main payment tank during the switching of the belt payment, and the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is executed according to the following requirements: the main dosage of 48h accounts for 95 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 5 percent of the total oil inlet amount; 36h, the main dosage accounts for 90 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 10 percent of the total oil inlet amount; 24h, the main dosage accounts for 80 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 20 percent of the total oil inlet amount; 12h, the main dosage accounts for 70 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 30 percent of the total oil inlet amount; the main amount accounts for 50% of the total oil inlet amount after 6h, and the belt amount accounts for 50% of the total oil inlet amount.

5. The method for blending crude oils of various varieties on line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main auxiliary tank is brought into the auxiliary tank at 50% liquid level in the step (2), specifically: the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is gradually increased until the belt payment tank becomes a main payment tank during the switching of the belt payment, and the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is executed according to the following requirements: when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 50%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 95% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 5% of the total oil inlet amount; when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 40%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 90% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 10% of the total oil inlet amount; when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 30%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 70% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 30% of the total oil inlet amount; when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 20%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 50% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 50% of the total oil inlet amount.

6. The method for blending crude oils of different varieties on line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capacities of the main and auxiliary tanks are 10 km/m³。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical industry and oil refining, aims at the diversification and complication of crude oil types processed by refineries, and relates to a processing method for uniformly blending various crude oils on line according to a certain proportion and ensuring the stable operation of an atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and other downstream secondary processing units.

Background

With the development of petrochemical industry, particularly refining industry, and the exploitation of crude oil, various refineries often have a plurality of oil types in the crude oil purchasing process, so that the types of the crude oil actually processed by the refineries are far more than the types of the designed crude oil, the difficulty in blending the crude oil is increased, the property change of raw materials of an atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and other downstream secondary processing units is large, and the full load and long-period operation of the device are seriously influenced.

According to the increasing actual situation of the types of crude oil processed by refineries, on the premise of not additionally arranging crude oil on-line blending facilities, a new technology is explored, a crude oil blending method is designed, the uniformity and stability of crude oil on-line blending are improved, and the important significance is achieved for ensuring the safe and stable operation of each device of the refineries.

Disclosure of Invention

On the premise of not additionally arranging a crude oil on-line blending facility, the invention aims to provide a method for uniformly blending various crude oils, meet the requirements of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units and other downstream secondary processing units on raw materials, ensure the stable raw materials of all the units, and realize stable production and long-period operation on the basis of blending in the conventional crude oil tank area.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for on-line blending of multiple crude oils, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) storing crude oil in a crude oil tank area;

(2) under the condition that the processing load of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device is large or the reservoir capacity of the crude oil tank area is small, frequently switching the crude oil tank or the auxiliary tank, wherein in the switching process, the auxiliary tank is carried for more than 48 hours, or the main auxiliary tank is carried into the auxiliary tank when the liquid level of the main auxiliary tank is 50 percent;

(3) when the process oil is designed to be heavy or medium crude oil, and when light crude oil is processed, the light crude oil operates as follows when switching tanks: reducing the processing proportion of the light crude oil by 1-3% 24h in advance, improving the corresponding medium or heavy crude oil by 1-3%, and returning the proportion of the light crude oil after the main and auxiliary tanks of the light crude oil are cut off and the main and auxiliary tanks are carried;

when the processed oil is light crude oil, when the heavy crude oil is processed, the processing proportion of the heavy crude oil is reduced by 1-3% 24h in advance, the corresponding medium or light crude oil is improved by 1-3%, and after a main auxiliary tank of the heavy crude oil is cut off and the main auxiliary tank is carried, the proportion of the heavy crude oil is adjusted back.

In the above technical solution, further, there are 3 storage modes of the crude oil in the step (1), and the storage modes correspond to the 3 use modes, and respectively include:

the crude oil is purchased and classified according to API: heavy crude oil, medium crude oil and light crude oil, or low sulfur crude oil, sulfur-containing crude oil and high sulfur crude oil, which are specially used for the tank and can be taken at any time;

mixing and storing different types of crude oil: when the device is used, the storage tank mixed with different types of crude oil starts the rotary spraying in the tank for self-circulation operation 24 hours in advance, so that the mixed oil at the tank bottom is uniformly mixed;

storing new crude oil: when the primary processing belt is paid, the principle of early belt, small proportion and long time belt is followed to ensure the raw material stability of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and the downstream secondary processing unit;

in the technical scheme, further, when the new variety of crude oil is firstly processed and carried, the new variety of crude oil is carried according to the first 4% (full load of an atmospheric and vacuum device), and is stabilized for 24 hours after being carried; and subsequently, increasing the belt payment by 2 percent (full load of an atmospheric and vacuum device) each time, and stabilizing for 24 hours after increasing the belt payment each time until the belt payment is increased to the required processing proportion.

In the above technical solution, further, the time length of paying the can in the step (2) is more than 48h, which specifically includes: the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is gradually increased until the belt payment tank becomes a main payment tank during the switching of the belt payment, and the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is executed according to the following requirements: the main dosage of 48h accounts for 95 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 5 percent of the total oil inlet amount; 36h, the main dosage accounts for 90 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 10 percent of the total oil inlet amount; 24h, the main dosage accounts for 80 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 20 percent of the total oil inlet amount; 12h, the main dosage accounts for 70 percent of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt dosage accounts for 30 percent of the total oil inlet amount; the main amount accounts for 50% of the total oil inlet amount after 6h, and the belt amount accounts for 50% of the total oil inlet amount.

In the above technical solution, further, in the step (2), the main auxiliary tank is brought into the auxiliary tank when the liquid level is 50%, and the specific steps are as follows: the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is gradually increased until the belt payment tank becomes a main payment tank during the switching of the belt payment, and the belt payment amount of the belt payment tank is executed according to the following requirements: when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 50%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 95% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 5% of the total oil inlet amount; when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 40%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 90% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 10% of the total oil inlet amount; when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 30%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 70% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 30% of the total oil inlet amount; when the liquid level of the main and auxiliary tanks is 20%, the main and auxiliary tanks account for 50% of the total oil inlet amount, and the belt auxiliary tank accounts for 50% of the total oil inlet amount.

In the above technical solution, further, the capacities of the main and auxiliary tanks and the auxiliary tank are 10 ten thousand meters³。

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method is applied to actual production, does not need to increase crude oil on-line automatic blending facilities, does not increase investment cost, and can stabilize raw materials of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and ensure the stable operation of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit by adopting the blending method when the types of crude oil are various and the tanks are frequently switched in a crude oil tank area; the crude oil property is integrally stable, the vacuum residue raw material property of the vacuum tower is relatively stable, and the long-period stable operation of a downstream residue hydrogenation device is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 11000 ten thousand tons/year atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit feeding amount trend chart;

FIG. 2 is a graph of the temperature rise trend of a boiling bed residuum hydrotreater reactor;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the differential pressure trend of the atmospheric tower bottom filter of an ebullated bed residuum hydrotreater.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated but is not in any way limited by the following specific examples.

Example 1

A1000 ten thousand ton/year refinery enterprise is provided with a set of 1000 ten thousand ton/year atmospheric vacuum distillation unit, the downstream of which corresponds to a hydrocracking unit, wherein vacuum residue is directly sent to a boiling bed residue hydrocracking unit for secondary processing. The enterprise crude oil tank region has 32 crude oil tanks of 10 ten thousand cubes.

The atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is designed to process crude oil with sand weight of 60:40, but in actual production, the types of the processed crude oil are as many as 17, wherein the main oil types are sand weight, sand middle, light Bazira, Abzaku, light sand and Curde, and compared with the designed processing oil types, the actually processed crude oil is light.

The boiling bed residual oil hydrocracking device is the first domestic device, adopts the H-oil process package of AXENS company, and has different sediment reduction indexes and conversion rates of different crude oils, so that the device has strict requirements on the types and the blending stability of the crude oils, and is designed according to the consideration of shutdown and maintenance once every half year.

In order to ensure the stable operation of an atmospheric and vacuum device and the long-period operation of a fluidized bed residual oil hydrocracking device, the method is adopted to blend the crude oil, and comprises the following steps:

(a) the purchased crude oil is stored in different crude oil tanks according to different types, and the special storage of the special tanks is realized to the maximum extent. If the time from the crude oil to the factory is dense, the quantity of crude oil tanks is insufficient, and special storage of the crude oil tanks is difficult to realize, the crude oil with similar physical properties is stored together, in the actual production, the physical properties of sand, Balsamine sand and Coulder are similar, the properties of Abuzaku and sand light objects are similar, the sand weight and the Basela are similar, and the conditions that the bottom oil in the sand tank is Coulder and the bottom of the sand tank is Basela light can occur;

(b) in actual production, the crude oil proportion is as follows: the weight of the sand is that the weight of the Bajara is light, the Abzaku is that the Coulder is 20:20:20:20:20, the processing load is 100% for an atmospheric vacuum distillation device designed as 1000 ten thousand tons/year, the processing amount is 1190t/h, the proportion of each crude oil is 238t/h, taking the crude oil in the sand as an example, when the crude oil in the sand is full of a main auxiliary device, a tank ruler 1 which meets the tank-carrying duration of 48h of a main auxiliary tank can be calculated according to the tank capacity and the processing amount of the crude oil in the sand per hour, when the tank ruler is lowered to the tank ruler 1, another tank of the crude oil in the sand (called as an auxiliary tank) is brought in, and the auxiliary tank-carrying weight proportion is 5%, namely 12 t/; the main payment proportion is 95 percent and 226 t/h. After 12h, the belt payment proportion of the belt payment tank is 10 percent, namely 24t/h, and the main payment proportion is 90 percent, namely 214 t/h; after 24 hours, the belt payment proportion of the belt payment tank is 20 percent, namely 48t/h, and the main payment proportion is 80 percent, namely 190 t/h; after 36h, the belt payment proportion of the belt payment tank is 30 percent, namely 71t/h, and the main payment proportion is 70 percent, namely 167 t/h; after 42h, the belt payment proportion of the belt payment tank is 50 percent, namely 119t/h, and the main payment proportion is 50 percent, namely 119 t/h. And after the main and auxiliary tank ruler is lowered to the lowest tank ruler 2, the main and auxiliary tanks are completely cut off, and the belt payment of the belt and auxiliary tanks is increased to 238t/h to form the main and auxiliary tanks. Other kinds of crude oil tanks are switched according to the same.

(c) In actual production, the stock of main oil seeds is insufficient due to ship delay or other reasons, the proportion needs to be properly reduced, the reduced proportion is replaced by another new-variety crude oil, when the new-variety crude oil is firstly processed and delivered, the primary 4 percent, namely 48t/h (full load of an atmospheric and vacuum device) is delivered, and the delivery is stable for 24 h; and (4) increasing the belt payment by 2 percent each time, namely 24t/h (full load of an atmospheric and vacuum device), and stabilizing for 24h after increasing the belt payment each time until the required processing proportion is increased. If the main oil type adjustment reduction proportion is less than 4%, the main oil type adjustment reduction proportion is executed according to actual needs, and if the main oil type adjustment reduction proportion is higher than 4%, the main oil type adjustment reduction proportion is executed according to the requirements.

(d) The refinery is designed to process light crude oil without sand and crude oil with Abuzaku oil, wherein the two crude oils are light crude oil and have API of 33, when the two crude oil tanks are switched, the processing proportion of the light crude oil with sand is reduced by 2% in advance, namely, the processing proportion is reduced from 20% to 18%, and the processing proportion of the heavy crude oil with sand or the light crude oil with basalas is improved by 2% in advance, namely, the processing proportion is improved from 20% to 22%. And (c) after the crude oil tanks with the light sand are switched according to the step (b), the proportion of the crude oil with the light sand and the proportion of the crude oil with the medium sand or the light bus are recovered to 20 percent.

According to the crude oil blending method, an atmospheric and vacuum distillation device and a boiling bed residual oil hydrogenation device are considered, and as can be seen from figure 1, the method can stabilize the raw materials of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device, and under the condition of light crude oil processing, the maximum processing load of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device is 116%, the atmospheric and vacuum distillation device continuously and stably operates for 30 days, the annual processing load is 108%, and the operation is stable.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 3, the temperature rise of the reactor of the reaction unit is further improved and basically reaches the design value; and secondly, the online running time of the feeding filter of the atmospheric tower of the fractionating unit reaches 15-20 days.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many changes and modifications can be made, or equivalents modified, in the embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.