阅读说明：本技术 一种便携式保温急救担架及其使用方法 (Portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher and using method thereof ) 是由 鞠飙 沈学锋 延卫 鞠躬 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于医用担架技术领域,具体涉及一种便携式保温急救担架及其使用方法。本发明提供的便携式保温急救担架,包括软担架袋(1)和在所述软担架袋(1)外表面设置的热量缓释层(9)；还包括与所述软担架袋(1)独立分装的发泡材料；所述软性担架袋(1)包括发泡材料的填料口(10)。本发明利用填充于软担架袋(1)中的发泡材料按照伤员的身体形状快速塑性,在硬化后对伤员进行固定,避免在搬运过程中对伤员的二次损伤；同时,利用软担架袋(1)外表面设置的热量缓释层(9)将发泡材料发泡过程中产生的热量收集储存,在搬运过程中将储存的热量重新释放出来,维持伤员的体温。(The invention belongs to the technical field of medical stretchers, and particularly relates to a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher and a using method thereof. The invention provides a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher, which comprises a soft stretcher bag (1) and a heat slow-release layer (9) arranged on the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag (1); the stretcher bag also comprises a foaming material which is separately packaged with the soft stretcher bag (1); the soft stretcher bag (1) comprises a filling opening (10) made of foaming materials. The invention utilizes the foaming material filled in the soft stretcher bag (1) to rapidly plasticity according to the body shape of the wounded, fixes the wounded after hardening, and avoids the secondary damage to the wounded in the carrying process; meanwhile, the heat slow release layer (9) arranged on the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag (1) is used for collecting and storing the heat generated in the foaming process of the foaming material, and the stored heat is released again in the carrying process to maintain the body temperature of the wounded.)

1. A portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher is characterized by comprising a soft stretcher bag (1) and a heat slow-release layer (9) arranged on the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag (1);

the stretcher bag also comprises a foaming material which is separately packaged with the soft stretcher bag (1);

the soft stretcher bag (1) comprises a filling opening (10) made of foaming materials.

2. The portable heat-insulating emergency stretcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat slow-release layer (9) comprises a heat-insulating fabric layer (11) and a phase-change material layer (12) which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside.

3. The portable heat-insulating emergency stretcher according to claim 2, wherein the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material in the phase-change material layer (12) is 5-85 ℃.

4. The portable insulated emergency stretcher of claim 1 wherein the foamed material comprises separately dispensed component a and component B;

the component A comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of polyether polyol, 1-5 parts of vanillin, 2-3 parts of ethanol, 1-5 parts of triethanolamine, 2-4 parts of zinc acetate and 3-10 parts of n-octane;

the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

5. The portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.5-3: 1.

6. the portable insulated emergency stretcher according to claim 1 further comprising a body fixation device (2) and an auxiliary handling device (5).

7. The portable insulated emergency stretcher according to claim 6 characterized in that the body fixation means (2) comprises a head fixation strap (3) and a body fixation strap (4).

8. The portable insulated emergency stretcher according to claim 6 characterized in that the auxiliary carrying device (5) comprises a carrying tow line (6), a carrying shoulder strap (7) and a carrying handle (8).

9. The use method of the portable heat-insulating emergency stretcher according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of uniformly filling a foaming material in a soft stretcher bag (1), placing a wounded on the soft stretcher bag (1) with a heat slow-release layer (9) arranged on the outer surface when the foaming material starts to rise, foaming and hardening the wounded in sequence, and transferring the wounded.

10. The use method according to claim 9, wherein the step of placing the wounded on the soft stretcher bag (1) with the heat slow-release layer (9) on the outer surface further comprises the step of fixing the wounded by the human body fixing device (2).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical stretchers, and particularly relates to a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher and a using method thereof.

Background

The emergency stretcher is a commonly used medical emergency device and is used for transporting sick and wounded in medical rescue. The existing emergency stretcher is a traditional stretcher which is composed of aluminum alloy plates and has simple structure; meanwhile, the traditional stretcher is heavy in self weight, large in occupied space and not easy to carry in the rescue process, and rescue efficiency is affected.

Meanwhile, the body temperature of the wounded is reduced due to excessive blood loss when the wounded is seriously injured, so that the wounded is weak, and particularly, the wounded is extremely likely to have shock when the outdoor temperature is low, and the life health is influenced. Therefore, how to effectively prevent the body heat of the wounded from dissipating and maintain the body temperature of the wounded is important for maintaining vital signs and improving the survival rate. In the prior art, a heat preservation stretcher is disclosed in a Chinese patent with the publication number of CN203829162U, but an electric heating device for providing heat needs to be additionally arranged, so that the stretcher is inconvenient to carry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher and a using method thereof.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher, which comprises a soft stretcher bag 1 and a heat slow-release layer 9 arranged on the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag;

the stretcher bag also comprises a foaming material which is separately packaged with the soft stretcher bag 1;

the flexible stretcher bag 1 comprises a filling opening 10 made of foam material.

Preferably, the heat slow-release layer 9 comprises a heat-preservation fabric layer 11 and a phase-change material layer 12 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside.

Preferably, the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the phase change material layer 12 is 5-85 ℃.

Preferably, the foaming material comprises a component A and a component B which are separately dispensed;

the component A comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of polyether polyol, 1-5 parts of vanillin, 2-3 parts of ethanol, 1-5 parts of triethanolamine, 2-4 parts of zinc acetate and 3-10 parts of n-octane;

the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.5-3: 1.

preferably, the portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher further comprises a human body fixing device 2 and an auxiliary carrying device 5.

Preferably, the body fixation device 2 comprises a head fixation strap 3 and a body fixation strap 4.

Preferably, the auxiliary carrying device 5 includes a carrying tow line 6, a carrying shoulder strap 7 and a carrying handle 8.

The invention also provides a using method of the portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of uniformly filling a foaming material in a soft stretcher bag 1, placing a wounded on the soft stretcher bag 1 with a heat slow-release layer 9 on the outer surface when the foaming material starts to rise, foaming and hardening the materials in sequence, and transferring the wounded.

Preferably, after the wounded person is placed on the soft stretcher bag 1 with the heat slow-release layer 9 on the outer surface, the wounded person is bound by the human body fixing device 2.

The invention provides a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher, which comprises a soft stretcher bag 1 and a heat slow-release layer 9 arranged on the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag; the stretcher bag also comprises a foaming material which is separately packaged with the soft stretcher bag 1; the flexible stretcher bag 1 comprises a filling opening 10 made of foam material. The stretcher bag disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the foam material filled in the soft stretcher bag 1 is quickly plastic according to the body shape of the wounded, the body of the wounded can be well attached and wrapped, after the stretcher bag is hardened to form the stretcher, the wounded can be well fixed, and the secondary damage to the wounded in the carrying process is avoided; meanwhile, the heat slow release layer 9 on the surface of the soft stretcher bag 1 is used for collecting and storing the heat generated in the foaming process of the foaming material, and the stored heat can be released again in the carrying process, so that the body heat of the wounded can be prevented from being dissipated, and the body temperature of the wounded can be maintained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a portable heat-insulating emergency stretcher, wherein 1-a soft stretcher bag, 2-a human body fixing device, 3-a head fixing band, 4-a body fixing band, 5-an auxiliary carrying device, 6-a carrying tow rope, 7-a carrying shoulder strap, 8-a carrying handle, 9-a heat slow-release layer and 10-a filling port made of foaming materials.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the portable insulated emergency stretcher after molding, wherein 1-the molded emergency stretcher, 3-the head fixing straps, 4-the body fixing straps, 7-the carrying shoulder straps, 8-the carrying handles.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of the heat-delaying layer 9, in which 11-the insulating fabric layer, 12-the phase-change material layer.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher, which comprises a soft stretcher bag 1 and a heat slow-release layer 9 arranged on the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag;

the stretcher bag also comprises a foaming material which is separately packaged with the soft stretcher bag 1;

the flexible stretcher bag 1 comprises a filling opening 10 made of foam material.

In the present invention, the material of the soft stretcher bag 1 preferably comprises a waterproof nonwoven material. The present invention has no particular requirement on the thickness of the said soft stretcher bag 1, and it is sufficient to adopt the methods well known to those skilled in the art.

In the invention, the heat slow-release layer 9 preferably comprises a heat-preservation fabric layer 11 and a phase-change material layer 12 which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside. The material of the heat-insulating fabric layer 11 is not particularly required in the invention, and the material is well known to those skilled in the art. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the thermal insulation fabric layer 11 is specifically cotton cloth. In the present invention, the heat slow-release layer 9 covers the outer surface of the soft stretcher bag 1.

In the present invention, the material of the phase change material layer 12 preferably includes a composite material composed of a phase change material and textile fibers.

In the invention, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is preferably 5-85 ℃, more preferably 10-80 ℃, and more preferably 15-75 ℃. In the present invention, the phase change material includes paraffin and/or expanded graphite; when the phase-change material is paraffin and expanded graphite, the ratio of the paraffin and the expanded graphite is not particularly limited in the present invention, and those well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

The invention does not require any particular kind of textile fibre, and can be used as is known to the person skilled in the art. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the textile fibre is in particular cotton.

In the present invention, the mass ratio of the phase change material to the textile fiber is preferably 1: 6-9, and more preferably 1: 7 to 8.

The invention also comprises a foaming material which is separately packed with the soft stretcher bag 1.

In the present invention, the foaming material preferably comprises a component a and a component B separately dispensed;

the component A comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of polyether polyol, 1-5 parts of vanillin, 2-3 parts of ethanol, 1-5 parts of triethanolamine, 2-4 parts of zinc acetate and 3-10 parts of n-octane;

the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

In the present invention, all the components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.

The component A provided by the invention preferably comprises 10-30 parts by mass of polyether polyol, more preferably 12-28 parts by mass, and even more preferably 15-25 parts by mass.

On the basis of the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component A provided by the invention preferably comprises 1-5 parts of vanillin, more preferably 2-3 parts of vanillin, and even more preferably 4 parts of vanillin.

On the basis of the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component A provided by the invention preferably comprises 2-3 parts of ethanol, and more preferably 2.5 parts.

On the basis of the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component A provided by the invention preferably comprises 1-5 parts of triethanolamine, more preferably 2-3 parts of triethanolamine, and even more preferably 4 parts of triethanolamine.

On the basis of the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component A provided by the invention preferably comprises 2-4 parts of zinc acetate, and more preferably 3 parts.

On the basis of the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component A provided by the invention preferably comprises 3-10 parts of n-octane, more preferably 4-9 parts, and even more preferably 3-8 parts.

Based on the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component B provided by the invention preferably comprises 30-35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, more preferably 31-34 parts, and even more preferably 32-33 parts.

On the basis of the mass parts of the polyether polyol, the component B provided by the invention also preferably comprises 25-30 parts of toluene diisocyanate, more preferably 26-29 parts, and even more preferably 27-28 parts.

In the invention, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is preferably 0.5-3: 1, more preferably 1 to 2.5: 1, more preferably 1.5 to 2: 1.

in the present invention, the soft stretcher bag 1 comprises a filling opening 10 of a foamed material. In the present invention, the filling opening 10 of the foamed material is located at the side of the soft stretcher bag 1.

In the present invention, when the portable heat-insulating emergency stretcher is used, the independently packed foam material is uniformly filled in the soft stretcher bag 1 for foaming, and preferably: the separately packed component A and component B are mixed uniformly and then filled in the soft stretcher bag 1. In the present invention, the mixing time is preferably 10 to 30 seconds, more preferably 15 to 25 seconds, and still more preferably 20 to 23 seconds. The mixing method is not particularly limited, and those known to those skilled in the art can be used.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the portable insulation emergency stretcher further comprises a human body fixing device 2 and an auxiliary carrying device 5.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the body fixation device 2 includes a head fixation band 3 and a body fixation band 4. In the invention, the head fixing bandage is distributed on two sides of the head position on the soft stretcher bag 1; the body part fixing bands 4 are distributed on both sides of the body position on the soft stretcher bag 1.

The auxiliary carrying device 5 preferably comprises a carrying tow 6, a carrying shoulder strap 7 and a carrying handle 8 as an embodiment of the invention. In the present invention, the carrying tow ropes 6 are respectively positioned above the head position and below the body position of the flexible stretcher belt 1; the carrying shoulder straps 7 and the carrying handles 8 are distributed on both sides of the body position on the flexible carrier bag 1, wherein the length of the carrying shoulder straps 7 is greater than the carrying handles 8.

The invention also provides a use method of the portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of uniformly filling a foaming material in a soft stretcher bag 1, placing a wounded on the soft stretcher bag 1 with a heat slow-release layer 9 on the outer surface when the foaming material starts to rise, foaming and hardening the materials in sequence, and transferring the wounded.

According to the invention, the independently subpackaged component A and component B are preferably uniformly mixed, then the mixture is added into the soft stretcher bag 1 through the filling port 10 of the foaming material, and the foaming material is pushed and smeared by hands, so that the foaming material is uniformly filled in the soft stretcher bag 1. In the present invention, the composition, the ratio and the mixing time of the component a and the component B are the same as those described in the above technical scheme, and are not described herein again.

After the wounded person is placed on the soft stretcher bag 1 with the heat slow-release layer 9 on the outer surface, the invention preferably further comprises the step of fixing the wounded person by using the human body fixing device 2. In the present invention, the fixing manner specifically includes: the head, neck and trunk of the wounded are respectively bound by the head fixing band 3 and the body fixing band 4.

In the invention, the foaming time is preferably 5-10 min, more preferably 6-9 min, and more preferably 7-8 min; the hardening time is preferably 5 to 10min, more preferably 6 to 9min, and still more preferably 7 to 8 min. In the present invention, the thickness of the foamed material after curing is preferably 5 to 8cm, and more preferably 6 to 7 cm. In the invention, the density of the foaming material after hardening is preferably 35-45 kg/m³More preferably 37 to 43kg/m³More preferably 38 to 40kg/m³. In the present invention, the strength of the foamed material after curing is preferably 180 to 200kPa, more preferably 185 to 195kPa, and even more preferably 186 to 190 kPa.

In the present invention, the wounded person is transferred by the auxiliary carrying device 5 after the stretcher is hardened and molded. In the present invention, the transferring manner specifically includes: the rescuer transfers the injured person by carrying the tow rope 6, the carrying shoulder strap 7 and the carrying handle 8.

In the invention, the heat slow-release layer 9 on the surface of the soft stretcher bag 1 is used for collecting and storing the heat generated in the foaming process of the foaming material, and the stored heat can be released again in the transfer process, so that the heat loss of the body of the wounded can be prevented, and the body temperature of the wounded can be maintained above 30 ℃ within 1 h.

The stretcher provided by the invention can be quickly formed on site according to the body type of the wounded, so that the wounded can be sufficiently fixed, and the secondary damage to the wounded in the transferring process is avoided. The stretcher provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high fixing strength, easiness in carrying and simple use method; the stretcher that provides simultaneously does not contain metal material, can directly carry out checks such as CT, nuclear magnetic resonance with the stretcher together after transporting the wounded to medical institution, and then can be faster to the wounded treat, improve the efficiency of rescue.

For further explanation of the present invention, the following detailed description will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to illustrate a portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher and a method for using the same, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The schematic structural diagram of the portable heat-preservation emergency stretcher obtained in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, wherein 1-a soft stretcher bag, 2-a human body fixing device, 3-a head fixing band, 4-a body fixing band, 5-an auxiliary carrying device, 6-a carrying towing rope, 7-a carrying shoulder strap, 8-a carrying handle, 9-a heat slow-release layer and 10-a filling opening made of foaming materials;

the side view of the shaped stretcher is shown in fig. 2, wherein 1-the shaped emergency stretcher, 3-the head fixing band, 4-the body fixing band, 7-the carrying shoulder strap, 8-the carrying handle;

preparing materials according to the following mass portions:

and (2) component A: 12 parts of polyether polyol, 2 parts of vanillin, 3 parts of ethanol, 2 parts of triethanolamine, 2 parts of zinc acetate and 3 parts of n-octane;

and (B) component: 30 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 25 parts of toluene diisocyanate;

wherein, the heat preservation fabric layer 11 in the heat slow release layer 7 is made of cotton cloth, and the phase change material layer 12 is made of a composite material consisting of expanded graphite and cotton cloth;

mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: after the component A and the component B of the stretcher bag 1 are mixed for 15s, the mixture is added into the soft stretcher bag 1 through a filling port 10 of a foaming material, a zipper is pulled after the mixture is added, the foaming material is pushed and smeared by hands, so that the foaming material is uniformly filled in the soft stretcher bag 1, when the foaming material starts to be foamed, a wounded is placed on the soft stretcher bag 1 with a heat slow-release layer 9 arranged on the outer surface, the head fixing bandage 3 and the body fixing bandage 4 on the soft stretcher bag 1 are utilized to respectively bind the head, the neck and the trunk of the wounded, then the head, the neck and the trunk of the wounded are sequentially foamed and hardened, the foaming time is 5min, the 5min post-hardening forming is realized, and the wounded are transferred by a rescue worker through a carrying tow rope 6, a carrying shoulder strap 7 and a carrying handle 8.

In this example, the foamed material had a thickness of 5cm after hardening and a density of 35kg/m³The strength was 180 kPa.

Example 2

Preparing materials according to the following mass portions:

and (2) component A: 15 parts of polyether polyol, 2 parts of vanillin, 3 parts of ethanol, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 3 parts of zinc acetate and 5 parts of n-octane;

and (B) component: 32 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 28 parts of toluene diisocyanate;

wherein, the heat preservation fabric layer 11 in the heat slow release layer 7 is made of cotton cloth, and the phase change material layer 12 is made of a composite material consisting of paraffin and cotton cloth;

and (2) mixing the following components in percentage by mass: after the component A and the component B of the stretcher bag 1 are mixed for 20s, the mixture is added into the soft stretcher bag 1 through a filling port 10 of a foaming material, a zipper is pulled after the mixture is added, the foaming material is pushed and smeared by hands, so that the foaming material is uniformly filled in the soft stretcher bag 1, when the foaming material starts to be foamed, a wounded is placed on the soft stretcher bag 1 with a heat slow-release layer 9 arranged on the outer surface, the head fixing bandage 3 and the body fixing bandage 4 on the soft stretcher bag 1 are utilized to respectively bind the head, the neck and the trunk of the wounded, then the head, the neck and the trunk of the wounded are sequentially foamed and hardened, the foaming time is 8min, the 8min post-hardening forming is realized, and the wounded are transferred by a rescue worker through a carrying tow rope 6, a carrying shoulder strap 7 and a carrying handle 8.

In this example, the thickness of the foamed material after curing was 6cm, and the density was 37kg/m³The strength was 190 kPa.

Example 3

Preparing materials according to the following mass portions:

and (2) component A: 25 parts of polyether polyol, 4 parts of vanillin, 3 parts of ethanol, 5 parts of triethanolamine, 3 parts of zinc acetate and 8 parts of n-octane;

and (B) component: 35 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 28 parts of toluene diisocyanate;

wherein, the heat preservation fabric layer 11 in the heat slow release layer 7 is made of cotton cloth, and the phase change material layer 12 is made of a composite material consisting of paraffin and cotton cloth;

and (3) mixing the following components in percentage by mass: after the component A and the component B of the stretcher bag 1 are mixed for 25s, the mixture is added into the soft stretcher bag 1 through a filling port 10 of a foaming material, a zipper is pulled after the mixture is added, the foaming material is pushed and smeared by hands, so that the foaming material is uniformly filled in the soft stretcher bag 1, when the foaming material starts to be foamed, a wounded is placed on the soft stretcher bag 1 with a heat slow-release layer 9 arranged on the outer surface, the head fixing bandage 3 and the body fixing bandage 4 on the soft stretcher bag 1 are utilized to respectively bind the head, the neck and the trunk of the wounded, then the head, the neck and the trunk of the wounded are sequentially foamed and hardened, the foaming time is 9min, the post-hardening forming is carried out after 9min, and the wounded is transferred by a rescue worker through a carrying tow rope 6, a carrying shoulder strap 7 and a carrying handle 8.

In this example, the foamed material had a thickness of 9cm after hardening and a density of 38kg/m³The strength was 195 kPa.

Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and all of the embodiments belong to the protection scope of the present invention.