阅读说明：本技术 一种喷砂洗井一体式喷枪、磨料水射流作业系统及方法 (Sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun, abrasive water jet flow operation system and method ) 是由 王文涛 孔凡楠 梁兴 孙凯 许宝燕 胡胜勇 杨志祥 邢心 曾涛 杨雨潇 张沂轩 于 2021-04-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开一种喷砂洗井一体式喷枪、磨料水射流作业系统及方法,喷砂洗井一体式喷枪包括：喷枪本体；喷枪本体包括第一端、第二端和中间部；第一端内设置有浆液注入口,第二端内设置有单流阀；中间部内设置有一个浆液通道和至少两个洗井通道；浆液通道的一端与浆液注入口通过滑阀连通,另一端与单流阀连通；洗井通道的一端与喷枪本体的外界连通,另一端与浆液注入口连通；中间部的外壁上嵌设有至少一个喷嘴,喷嘴与浆液通道连通；中间部的外壁嵌设有剪钉,剪钉的一端设置有凸起结构,滑阀的外壁设置有卡槽,剪钉凸起结构卡接在卡槽内。以解决现有的磨料水射流作业方法中喷砂射孔作业和洗井作业分开进行,效率低且成本高的问题。(The application discloses sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun, abrasive water jet operating system and method, sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun includes: a spray gun body; the spray gun body comprises a first end, a second end and a middle part; a slurry filling opening is arranged in the first end, and a check valve is arranged in the second end; a slurry channel and at least two well washing channels are arranged in the middle part; one end of the slurry channel is communicated with the slurry injection port through a slide valve, and the other end of the slurry channel is communicated with a check valve; one end of the well washing channel is communicated with the outside of the spray gun body, and the other end of the well washing channel is communicated with the slurry filling opening; at least one nozzle is embedded in the outer wall of the middle part and is communicated with the slurry channel; the outer wall of the middle part is embedded with a shear pin, one end of the shear pin is provided with a protruding structure, the outer wall of the sliding valve is provided with a clamping groove, and the shear pin protruding structure is clamped in the clamping groove. The abrasive water jet operation method aims to solve the problems that the sand blasting perforation operation and the well washing operation are carried out separately, the efficiency is low and the cost is high in the existing abrasive water jet operation method.)

1. A sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun is characterized by comprising: a lance body (1);

the lance body (1) comprising a first end (11), a second end (12) and an intermediate portion (13) between the first end (11) and the second end (12);

a slurry injection port (111) is arranged in the first end (11), and a check valve (121) is arranged in the second end (12); a slurry channel (131) and at least two well-flushing channels (132) are arranged in the middle part (13);

one end of the slurry channel (131) is communicated with the slurry injection port (111) through a slide valve (1311), and the other end is communicated with the check valve (121); one end of the well washing channel (132) is communicated with the outside of the spray gun body (1), and the other end of the well washing channel (132) is communicated with the slurry injection port (111);

at least one nozzle (133) is embedded in the outer wall of the middle part (13), and the nozzle (133) is communicated with the slurry channel (131);

shear pins (134) are further embedded in the outer wall of the middle portion (13), a protruding structure (1341) is arranged at one end of each shear pin (134), a clamping groove (13111) is formed in the outer wall of the sliding valve (1311), and the protruding structure (1341) is clamped in the clamping groove (13111).

2. The sand blast well-flushing integrated spray gun of claim 1, wherein a first segment spool passage (13112) and a second segment spool passage (13113) communicating with each other are provided in said spool valve (1311); the inner diameter of the first section spool passage (13112) is larger than the inner diameter of the second section spool passage (13113), when the spool valve (1311) is in a closed state, a ball (14) is located in the first section spool passage (13112), and the diameter of the ball (14) is larger than the inner diameter of the second section spool passage (13113).

3. The sand blast well-flushing integrated lance of claim 1, wherein any two of said nozzles (133) are at different vertical distances from said second end (12) face.

4. The integrated sand blast and well washing spray gun according to claim 1, wherein at least two small plugs (135) are embedded on the outer wall of the middle part (13), and the small plugs (135) are communicated with the other end of the well washing channel (132) communicated with the slurry injection opening (111).

5. The integrated blast gun of claim 1, wherein a valve ball (1211) and a filter screen (1212) are provided in said check valve (121).

6. The sand blast well-flushing integrated lance of claim 1, wherein said nozzle (133) is embedded on the outer wall of said intermediate portion (13) by means of a nozzle sleeve (1331).

7. The integrated sand blast and well washing spray gun of claim 1, wherein the material of the nozzle (133) is polycrystalline diamond or hard alloy material.

8. The sand blast well-flushing integrated lance of claim 1, wherein a bore diameter at which said slurry passage (131) communicates with said slide valve (1311) is larger than a bore diameter at which it communicates with said nozzle (133).

9. An abrasive water jet work system, comprising: the system comprises an abrasive water jet pipe column (01) positioned in a well, a casing pipe (02), a frosted slurry circulating tank (03), a sand mixing and stirring device (04), a fracturing pump (05) and a ball injector (06) positioned outside the well;

the abrasive water jet column (01) is positioned in the pipe sleeve (02), a tubing anchor (011), an axial reciprocator (012) and the sand-blast and well-wash integrated spray gun (013) of any one of claims 1 to 8 which are communicated in sequence are arranged in the abrasive water jet column (01), and the tubing anchor (011), the axial reciprocator (012) and the sand-blast and well-wash integrated spray gun (013) are communicated with each other through a tubing (014);

one end of the frosted slurry circulation tank (03) is connected into an annular channel formed between the abrasive water jet pipe column (01) and the casing pipe (02) from a wellhead (SU);

one end of the sand mixing and stirring device (04) is communicated with the other end of the frosted slurry circulating tank (03);

one end of the fracturing pump (05) is communicated with the other end of the sand mixing and stirring device (04), and the other end of the fracturing pump (05) is connected into the abrasive water jet pipe column (01) from the well head (SU).

10. A method of abrasive water jet operation using the sand-blast well-flushing integrated lance of any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:

lowering the abrasive water jet pipe column into the well;

if the abrasive water jet flow string is lowered to a set depth, anchoring the abrasive water jet flow string through a tubing anchor;

establishing circulating communication between a frosted slurry circulating tank outside the well, a sand mixing and stirring device and a fracturing pump and the abrasive water jet pipe column through a well mouth;

starting the fracturing pump, and pumping the abrasive slurry into the abrasive water jet pipe column according to set operation parameters;

the abrasive slurry is sprayed out from a nozzle of the sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun, and abrasive water jet perforation construction is carried out underground;

stopping the fracturing pump, opening a ball injector, injecting a ball into a first section of valve core channel of the slide valve, blocking a slurry channel, pushing the slide valve by using pump pressure, breaking a convex structure of a shear pin, conducting a well washing channel, and finishing abrasive water jet flow operation;

closing the ball injector, starting the fracturing pump, pumping a flushing fluid into the abrasive water jet pipe column, and enabling the flushing fluid to flow out of a flushing channel of the sand-blasting and flushing integrated spray gun to carry out flushing construction underground;

and after the set operation flow is finished, closing the fracturing pump, and lifting the abrasive water jet pipe column to finish the abrasive water jet operation.

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of stratum drilling, exploitation and well digging engineering, in particular to a sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun, abrasive water jet operation system and method.

Background

At present, in stratum drilling, exploitation and well digging engineering, a sand blasting perforation technology adopted by an oil field belongs to a typical abrasive water jet technology, abrasive suspension slurry (also called as abrasive water slurry) is prepared by mixing water, polymer and abrasives, the abrasive water slurry is conveyed to the underground through an oil pipe pipeline under the action of a high-pressure pump and then is sprayed out from a spray gun or a cutting head with a nozzle at a high speed, the high-speed abrasive water slurry sequentially strikes a sleeve and a stratum and impacts rocks, a channel is formed between the stratum and a shaft, and the effect of communicating the stratum and the shaft is achieved.

However, the existing abrasive water jet operation usually adopts two spray guns with different functions to cooperate, namely a sand blasting spray gun and a sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun; after the sand blasting is finished, abrasive sand sinks to the bottom of the well and buries an oil layer section, and the permeation of stratum fluid can be influenced, so that a sand blasting pipe column with a sand blasting spray gun arranged therein is put forward after sand blasting perforation operation is finished, and then a well washing pipe column with a well washing spray gun arranged therein is put in for well washing operation. In addition, ground abrasive slurry cannot be recycled, construction liquid is increased, construction cost is increased, and the environment is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an integrated sand blasting and well washing spray gun, an abrasive water jet flow operation system and an abrasive water jet flow operation method, which aim to solve the problem that the existing abrasive water jet flow operation method is limited by an operation spray gun, sand blasting and perforating operation and well washing operation are carried out separately, and therefore the efficiency is low and the cost is high; and the ground frosted slurry can not be recycled, the construction liquid is increased, the construction cost is increased, and the environment is influenced.

In a first aspect, a sand blast and well cleanout integrated spray gun comprises: a spray gun body;

the lance body includes a first end, a second end, and an intermediate portion between the first end and the second end;

a slurry injection port is arranged in the first end, and a check valve is arranged in the second end; a slurry channel and at least two well washing channels are arranged in the middle part;

one end of the slurry channel is communicated with the slurry injection port through a slide valve, and the other end of the slurry channel is communicated with the check valve; one end of the well washing channel is communicated with the outside of the spray gun body, and the other end of the well washing channel is communicated with the slurry injection port;

at least one nozzle is embedded in the outer wall of the middle part and is communicated with the slurry channel;

the outer wall of the middle part is further embedded with a shear pin, one end of the shear pin is provided with a protruding structure, the outer wall of the sliding valve is provided with a clamping groove, and the protruding structure is clamped in the clamping groove.

Optionally, a first section of valve core channel and a second section of valve core channel which are communicated with each other are arranged in the slide valve; the inner diameter of the first section of valve core channel is larger than that of the second section of valve core channel, when the slide valve is in a closed state, a ball is positioned in the first section of valve core channel, and the diameter of the ball is larger than that of the second section of valve core channel.

Optionally, the perpendicular distance between any two nozzles and the second end surface is different.

Optionally, at least two small plugs are embedded in the outer wall of the middle portion, and the small plugs are communicated with the well washing channel and communicated with the other end of the slurry injection port.

Optionally, a valve ball and a filter screen are arranged in the check valve.

Optionally, the nozzle is nested on the outer wall of the middle part through the nozzle.

Optionally, the nozzle is made of polycrystalline diamond or hard alloy material.

Optionally, the slurry passage has a larger bore diameter in communication with the slide valve than in communication with the nozzle.

In a second aspect, an abrasive water jet work system, comprising: the system comprises an abrasive water jet pipe column, a sleeve pipe, a frosted slurry circulating tank, a sand mixing and stirring device, a fracturing pump and a ball injector, wherein the abrasive water jet pipe column and the sleeve pipe are positioned in a well;

the abrasive water jet pipe column is positioned in the pipe sleeve, an oil pipe anchor, an axial reciprocating device and the sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun in the first aspect are sequentially communicated with one another, and the oil pipe anchor, the axial reciprocating device and the sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun are communicated with one another through oil pipes;

one end of the frosted slurry circulation tank is connected into an annular channel formed between the abrasive water jet pipe column and the casing pipe from a wellhead;

one end of the sand mixing and stirring device is communicated with the other end of the frosted slurry circulating tank;

one end of the fracturing pump is communicated with the other end of the sand mixing and stirring device, and the other end of the fracturing pump is connected into the abrasive water jet pipe column from the wellhead.

In a third aspect, a method of abrasive water jet operation using the integrated blast gun of the first aspect, the method comprising:

lowering the abrasive water jet pipe column into the well;

if the abrasive water jet flow string is lowered to a set depth, anchoring the abrasive water jet flow string through a tubing anchor;

establishing circulating communication between a frosted slurry circulating tank outside the well, a sand mixing and stirring device and a fracturing pump and the abrasive water jet pipe column through a well mouth;

starting the fracturing pump, and pumping the abrasive slurry into the abrasive water jet pipe column according to set operation parameters;

the abrasive slurry is sprayed out from a nozzle of the sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun, and abrasive water jet perforation construction is carried out underground;

stopping the fracturing pump, opening a ball injector, injecting the ball into a first section of valve core channel of a slide valve, blocking a slurry channel, pushing the slide valve by using pump pressure, breaking a convex structure of a shear pin, conducting a well washing channel, and finishing abrasive water jet flow operation;

closing the ball injector, starting the fracturing pump, pumping a flushing fluid into the abrasive water jet pipe column, and enabling the flushing fluid to flow out of a flushing channel of the sand-blasting and flushing integrated spray gun to carry out flushing construction underground;

and after the set operation flow is finished, closing the fracturing pump, and lifting the abrasive water jet pipe column to finish the abrasive water jet operation.

The embodiment of the application provides a sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun, abrasive water jet operation system and method, sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun sets up thick liquid passageway and well-flushing passageway in a spray gun simultaneously, adopt the cooperation of bowling and slide valve to use and be used for switching on of thick liquid passageway and switching on of well-flushing passageway, can realize that sandblast function and well-flushing function are integrated on a spray gun, only need go into abrasive water jet tubular column in the pit and can realize sandblast perforation operation and going on in succession of well-flushing operation, can reduce the use of a spray gun and tubular column, reduce the tubular column operation of once going down, thereby can save operation construction process, practice thrift operation construction cost, promote the operating efficiency of whole water jet abrasive. The application provides a sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun simple structure and safety and stability. The abrasive water jet operation system and the abrasive water jet operation method are simple to operate, and the abrasive water jet pipe column can be anchored through the oil pipe anchor, so that the abrasive water jet pipe column is fixed in position, and the abrasive water jet pipe column can be prevented from radially rotating and moving in the construction process to form cutting, the strength of a sleeve is reduced, and the integrity of a shaft is damaged. The frosted slurry is recycled through the frosted slurry circulating tank outside the well, and the frosted slurry can be greatly reduced, so that the construction cost is greatly reduced, the construction emission is reduced, and the effect of reducing the environmental pollution is achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sand blast and well cleaning integrated spray gun provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a topological view within a well of an abrasive water jet work system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is an out-of-well topology of an abrasive water jet work system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of an abrasive water jet operation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sand blast and well cleaning integrated spray gun provided by an embodiment of the application; fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a of fig. 1. It should be noted that fig. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of the sand-blast and well-flushing integrated spray gun provided by the embodiment of the present application along two mutually perpendicular directions, and in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, the sand-blast and well-flushing integrated spray gun provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises: a spray gun body 1; the lance body 1 comprises a first end 11, a second end 12 and an intermediate portion 13 located between the first end 11 and the second end 12; the shape of the spray gun body 1 can be a cylinder or a column body with other shapes, and the application is not limited in particular. A slurry injection port 111 is arranged in the first end 11, and a check valve 121 is arranged in the second end 12; a valve ball 1211 and a filter screen 1212 are arranged in the check valve 121; a slurry channel 131 and at least two well-flushing channels 132 are provided in the intermediate portion 13; the extension directions of the slurry channel 131 and the well-flushing channel 132 are the same as the extension direction of the lance body 1, the number of the well-flushing channels 132 can be 2, 3 or more according to actual needs, two well-flushing channels 132 are shown in fig. 2, and the application is not limited specifically; generally, the well-flushing channel 132 is disposed around the slurry channel 131, for example, if there are two well-flushing channels 132, the slurry channel 131 is located between the two well-flushing channels 132, and if there are three well-flushing channels 132, the slurry channel 131 is located in the enclosed space formed by the three well-flushing channels 132, which is not limited in this application. One end of the slurry channel 131 communicates with the slurry injection port 111 through the slide valve 1311, and the other end communicates with the check valve 121; one end of the well-flushing passage 132 communicates with the outside of the lance body 1, and the other end of the well-flushing passage 132 communicates with the slurry injection port 111. Since the slurry passage 131 is located at the intermediate position, the slurry passage 131 is generally provided as a straight cylindrical passage; the well-flushing channel 132 is located at the side of the slurry channel 131, one end of the slurry channel 131 is communicated with the slurry injection port 111, and the other end of the well-flushing channel 132 is also communicated with the slurry injection port 111, so that the well-flushing channel 132 is a channel with a bend, and the bend is close to the slurry injection port 111, therefore, the slide valve 1311 can be used for switching the make-and-break of the slurry channel 131 and the well-flushing channel 132; when the slide valve 1311 is in the closed state, the slurry passage 131 is opened, and the abrasive slurry L1 injected from the slurry injection port 111 flows into the slurry passage 131 to perform the sand blast perforating operation, and since the slurry passage 131 is a straight passage, the abrasive slurry L1 does not flow into the well-flushing passage 132; when the slide valve 1311 is opened, the slurry passage 131 is blocked, and the flushing fluid injected from the slurry injection port 111 flows only into the flushing passage 132, and the flushing operation is performed. At least one nozzle 133 is embedded on the outer wall of the middle part 13, and the nozzle 133 is communicated with the slurry channel 131; the nozzle 133 is fitted on the outer wall of the intermediate portion 13 through a nozzle sleeve 1331; the diameter of the outer end face of the nozzle sleeve 1331 is larger than the diameter of the thread of the mounting hole of the nozzle sleeve, and the nozzle sleeve is made of hard alloy materials, so that the spray gun is firmer and is not easy to damage. The hard alloy material can be tungsten carbide hard alloy, polycrystalline diamond or hard alloy material which can endure the impact and friction of the abrasive slurry L1 for a long time, can effectively protect the combined connection of the nozzle 133 and the spray gun body 1, and can prevent the abrasive slurry L1 from splashing to damage the spray gun, and if the nozzle 133 is not protected by the splashing, the spray gun can easily and quickly lose efficacy. The number of nozzles 133 shown in fig. 1 is 2, and may also be 1, 3 or more, and the perpendicular distance between any two nozzles 133 and the end surface of the second end 12 may be different, and the present application is not limited specifically. The check valve 121 that the spray gun front end set up utilizes valve ball 1211 can play the effect of one-way circulation, and the convenience is in the tubular column transfer in-process, and the fluid in the well can get into inside the oil pipe, can not lead to the abrasive water jet tubular column to transfer the difficulty because of buoyancy effect, is provided with filter screen 1212 in the check valve 121, and filter screen 1212 can filter the large granule impurity that falls in the well fluid, protects the unblocked of nozzle 133 internal channel, can avoid thick liquid passageway 131 by dirty or blockked up.

As shown in fig. 2, at least two small plugs 135 are embedded on the outer wall of the middle portion 13, the small plugs 135 correspond to the well-flushing passages 132 one by one, and the small plugs 135 are communicated with the well-flushing passages 132 at the other end of the slurry injection port 111. The through hole blocked by the small plug 135 is generated by opening the well-flushing channel 132 and the slurry injection port 111 in the manufacturing process of the spray gun body 1, and the through hole generated in the manufacturing process needs to be blocked after the well-flushing channel 132 is formed, so that the well-flushing channel 132 is only communicated with the slurry injection port 111.

During the sand blasting operation, the slide valve 1311 is closed, and the abrasive slurry L1 can be injected through the slurry injection port 111, pass through the slide valve 1311 into the slurry passage 131, and be injected out of the gun body 1 through the nozzle 133, thereby performing sand blasting operation in the well. The distance of different nozzles 133 and second end 12 terminal surfaces carries out the differentiation setting, can realize that dull polish thick liquid L1 jets out from the different positions of spray gun body 1, can reduce the thick liquid and flow mutual interference, and the sandblast construction in the well becomes more nimble changeable simultaneously, can set up according to the nozzle 133 of different quantity and position and reach different sandblast construction effects. The aperture of the connection part of the slurry channel 131 and the sliding valve 1311 is larger than that of the connection part of the nozzle 133, so that the flow speed of the abrasive slurry L1 is faster and faster along with the fact that the slurry channel 131 is narrower and narrower in the process that the abrasive slurry L1 flows through the slurry channel 131, the ejection of the abrasive slurry L1 is accelerated, the construction effect of abrasive blasting construction can be enhanced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the spool valve 1311 has disposed therein a first spool passage 13112 and a second spool passage 13113 that communicate with each other; the inner diameter of the first segment spool passage 13112 is greater than the inner diameter of the second segment spool passage 13113; shear pin 134 is further embedded in the outer wall of middle portion 13, a protruding structure 1341 is disposed at one end of shear pin 134, a slot 13111 is disposed on the outer wall of slide valve 1311, and protruding structure 1341 is clamped in slot 13111. In the sand blasting operation, the raised structures 1341 of the shear pins 134 are clamped into the clamping grooves 13111 of the slide valve 1311, the shear pins 134 fix the slide valve 1311, the slide valve 1311 is in a closed state, and the slide valve 1311 only serves as a communication channel, so that the abrasive slurry L1 flows into the slurry channel 131 and is ejected from the nozzle 133.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, when the sand blast perforating operation is completed, spool valve 1311 needs to be opened; the opening of the sliding valve 1311 is realized by throwing the ball 14 into the first section valve core channel 13112 of the sliding valve, because the diameter of the ball 14 is larger than the inner diameter of the second section valve core channel 13113, the ball 14 only stays in the first section valve core channel 13112, and the ball 14 can block the port of the second section valve core channel 13113; meanwhile, by using the hydraulic pressure of the pump pressure, the slide valve 1311 moves towards the direction of the check valve 121, the protruding structure 1341 of the shear pin 134 is broken, the slide valve 1311 becomes unfixed and can slide within a certain range, and meanwhile, the ball throwing 14 blocks the second section of the valve core channel 13113 to lead the slurry channel 131 to be not conducted, at the moment, the well-flushing liquid L2 injected from the slurry injection port 111 can only flow into the well-flushing channel 132 and flow out of the spray gun body from the outlet of the well-flushing channel 132 to clean the position of the measure layer. The flushing fluid can adopt the clear water, and the extending direction of flushing passageway 132 keeps unanimous with spray gun body 1 extension axial, and the diameter of flushing passageway 132 suits with the flushing fluid flow, has higher velocity of flow in the time of can guaranteeing the flushing, reaches the effect of breaking the hard sand face of abrasive material sand setting, because the flushing passageway 132 is unanimous with the extending axial of spray gun body 1, can suspend the sand setting, is convenient for putting down of abrasive material water jet tubular column among the flushing process.

The sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun provided by the embodiment of the application simultaneously sets the slurry channel 131 and the well washing channel 132 in one spray gun, adopts the cooperation of the pitching 14 and the sliding valve 1311 to switch the conduction of the slurry channel 131 and the conduction of the well washing channel 132, can realize the integration of a sand blasting function and a well washing function on one spray gun, can realize the successive operation of sand blasting perforation operation and well washing operation only by putting one abrasive water jet pipe column into the well, can reduce the use of one spray gun and one pipe column, reduce one pipe column operation, save the operation construction process, save the operation construction cost, and improve the operation efficiency of the whole abrasive water jet.

FIG. 3 is a topological view within a well of an abrasive water jet work system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 4 is an out-of-well topology of an abrasive water jet work system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to fig. 3 and 4, an embodiment of the present application provides an abrasive water jet work system, including: the device comprises an abrasive water jet pipe column 01 positioned in a well, a sleeve 02, a frosted slurry circulating tank 03 positioned outside the well, a sand mixing and stirring device 04, a fracturing pump 05 and a ball injector 06.

As shown in fig. 3, an abrasive water jet column 01 is located in a casing 02, an oil pipe anchor 011, an axial reciprocator 012 and a sand blast and well cleaning integrated lance 013 described above are arranged in the abrasive water jet column 01, and the oil pipe anchor 011, the axial reciprocator 012 and the sand blast and well cleaning integrated lance 013 are communicated with each other through an oil pipe 014. The sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun 013 is arranged close to the position SD of the measure layer, and the oil pipe anchor 011 is arranged close to the upper part of the measure layer. The abrasive water jet column 01 can be fixed on the inner wall in the well through the oil pipe anchor 011, so that the abrasive water jet column 01 can be prevented from moving or undesired cutting of the casing 02 caused by torsion of the abrasive water jet column 01 can be avoided, the integrity of the well can be ensured, and the abrasive water jet operation is facilitated. Axial reciprocator 012 can drive sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun 013 at certain extent reciprocating motion on abrasive water jet tubular column 01's extending direction, can make sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun 013 can remove along pit shaft extending direction in the pit shaft flexibility in sandblast perforation operation and well-flushing operation in-process, strengthen the construction effect of sandblast perforation operation and well-flushing operation.

As shown in fig. 4, one end of the frosted slurry circulation tank 03 is connected into an annular channel formed by the abrasive water jet column 01 and the casing 02 from a wellhead SU, and one end of the sand-mixing stirring device 04 is communicated with the other end of the frosted slurry circulation tank 03; one end of the fracturing pump 05 is communicated with the other end of the sand mulling and stirring device 04, and the other end of the fracturing pump 05 is connected into the abrasive water jet pipe column 01 from a wellhead SU. The abrasive water jet pipe column 01, the frosted slurry circulating tank 03, the sand mixing and stirring device 04 and the fracturing pump 05 form a circulating system, the sand mixing and stirring device 04 is used for providing frosted slurry in the circulating system, the fracturing pump 05 is used for pumping the frosted slurry or clean water into the abrasive water jet pipe column 01, when sand blasting and perforating operation is carried out, the frosted slurry is pumped into the abrasive water jet pipe column 01 by the fracturing pump 05, and the frosted slurry can be sprayed to a measure layer position SD from a sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun 013; when the well washing operation is carried out, the fracturing pump 05 pumps clean water into the abrasive water jet pipe column 01, and the clean water can be sprayed to the measure layer position SD from the sand blasting well washing integrated spray gun 013 to clean the measure layer position SD; the sanding slurry circulation tank 03 is used for treating the recycled sanding slurry, so that the sanding slurry can be recycled. Under the hydraulic pressure effect of pump pressure, the dull polish thick liquid can flow back to in dull polish thick liquid circulation tank 03 along the annular space passageway that forms between sleeve pipe (02) and abrasive water jet tubular column 01 in the well, and the dull polish thick liquid of retrieving back carries out sedimentation treatment in dull polish thick liquid circulation tank 03, and sedimentation treatment can strain out big grit or greasy dirt etc. in the recovery dull polish thick liquid, and the dull polish thick liquid after the sedimentation treatment gets into the circulation pipeline once more, by reuse, continues the sandblast perforation operation. The cyclic utilization of the frosted slurry can reduce the cost and the pollution to the environment. The ball injector 06 is used for injecting balls into the slide valve to block the slurry channel so as to finish the sand blasting perforation operation and carry out the well washing operation; when the shot enters the slide valve through the shot thrower 06 to block a channel in the slide valve, the fracturing pump 05 pumps clean water into the abrasive water jet pipe column 01, so that the clean water can be sprayed out from a well washing channel of the sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun 013 to carry out well washing operation on a measure layer position SD.

The abrasive water jet operating system that this application embodiment provided can anchor abrasive water jet tubular column 01 through oil pipe anchor 011 for abrasive water jet tubular column 01's rigidity can avoid abrasive water jet tubular column 01 to take place radial rotatory removal and form the cutting in the work progress, leads to the casing intensity to descend, damages the integrality of pit shaft. The frosted slurry circulating tank 03 outside the well can realize the cyclic utilization of the frosted slurry, the use of the frosted slurry can be greatly reduced, the construction cost is greatly reduced, the construction emission is reduced, and the effect of reducing the environmental pollution is achieved.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart of an abrasive water jet operation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to fig. 1 to 5, an abrasive water jet operation method provided by an embodiment of the present application employs the sand-blasting and well-flushing integrated spray gun according to the above embodiment, and includes the following steps:

first, the steps of building an abrasive water jet work system are performed S1-S3.

Specifically, step S1: and (3) putting the abrasive water jet pipe column into the well, and connecting and installing the oil pipe anchor, the axial reciprocating device and the sand-blasting well-washing integrated spray gun through the oil pipe at one time. Specifically, an abrasive water jet pipe column is arranged in the pipe sleeve, wherein the sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun is placed close to the position of the measure layer, and the oil pipe anchor is arranged close to the upper part of the measure layer.

The check valve that the spray gun front end set up utilizes the valve ball can realize one-way circulation, at the transfer in-process of abrasive water jet tubular column, makes things convenient for inside the fluid entering oil pipe in the well, can not lead to abrasive water jet tubular column to transfer the difficulty because of buoyancy effect, is provided with the filter screen in the check valve, and the large granule impurity in the fluid in the well can be filtered and fall to the filter screen, and the unblocked of protection nozzle inner channel can avoid the thick liquid passageway to be dirty or blockked up.

Continuing with step S2: if the abrasive water jet string is run to a set depth, the abrasive water jet string is anchored by the tubing anchor.

The set depth can be specifically set according to factors such as different terrains, geology and the like, different depths can be set in each operation, and the method is not particularly limited. The tubing anchor can fix the abrasive water jet column in the well, so that the abrasive water jet column can be prevented from being displaced, for example, under the action of pump pressure and impact force, the abrasive water jet column can be stretched and twisted to cut off the casing; therefore, the abrasive water jet pipe column is fixed, the integrity of the shaft can be ensured, and the construction quality can be ensured.

Continuing with step S3: the dull polish slurry circulation tank, the sand mixing and stirring device and the fracturing pump outside the well are sequentially communicated in a closed loop mode with the abrasive water jet pipe column, and circulation communication can be established.

When the abrasive water jet operation system is completed, the process continues to execute the sand blasting operation steps S4-S6.

Specifically, step S4: and starting the fracturing pump, and pumping the abrasive slurry into the abrasive water jet pipe column according to the set operation parameters. The frosted slurry is produced by a sand mulling and stirring device.

Execution continues with step S5: after entering the abrasive water jet pipe column, the abrasive slurry enters the sand-blasting well-washing integrated spray gun, flows through the slurry channel and is sprayed out from the nozzle, and abrasive water jet perforation construction is carried out underground. In the process of carrying out sand blasting and perforating operation, a slide valve of the sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun is in a closed state, and the abrasive slurry can be sprayed out from the nozzle.

In-process at sandblast perforation operation, the dull polish thick liquid in the well can be followed the annular space passageway between oil pipe and the sleeve pipe and flow back in the dull polish thick liquid circulation jar, dull polish thick liquid circulation jar is depositd or processes such as filtering the dull polish thick liquid of retrieving, can filter and retrieve impurity such as large granule and greasy dirt in the dull polish thick liquid, the dull polish thick liquid after will handling continues to be poured into the fracturing pump in the pumping abrasive water jet tubular column, carry out sandblast perforation operation, realize the cyclic utilization of dull polish thick liquid, and the operation cost is saved, reduce the construction and discharge, the environmental protection.

Execution continues with step S6: after the sand blasting perforation operation is completed, the fracturing pump is stopped, the ball injector is opened, the ball is injected into the first section of valve core channel of the sliding valve, the slurry channel is blocked, the sliding valve is pushed to move under the action of pump pressure, the protruding structure of the shear pin is broken, the sliding valve can slide along the extending direction of the slurry channel within a certain range, and at the moment, the sand blasting perforation operation is finished.

It should be noted that the shear pins are used once, and the shear pins are used every time an abrasive water jet operation is performed, and when the abrasive water jet operation is completed, the abrasive water jet pipe column is lifted out of the well, and the shear pins need to be reinstalled on the slide valve before the next use.

When the flow of the sand blasting operation is completed, the flow steps S7-S8 of the well washing operation are continuously executed.

Specifically, step S7: the ball injector is closed, the fracturing pump is started, the flushing liquid is pumped into the abrasive water jet pipe column, the flushing liquid can be clear water, and after entering the abrasive water jet pipe column, the flushing liquid flows out of a flushing channel of the sand-blasting and well-flushing integrated spray gun and carries out well-flushing construction underground, so that the effect of breaking the hard sand surface of abrasive settled sand can be achieved, and the settled sand can be suspended due to the fact that the flushing channel is consistent with the extension axial direction of the spray gun body, and the abrasive water jet pipe column is convenient to put down in the well-flushing process. The well-flushing operation may wash out the sand sediment at the bottom of the well to avoid affecting the seepage of formation fluids.

Finally, step S8: and after the set operation flow is completed, closing the fracturing pump, and lifting the abrasive water jet flow pipe column to complete the abrasive water jet flow operation.

The abrasive water jet operation is completed requiring the abrasive water jet string to be lifted out of the well.

According to the abrasive water jet operation method provided by the embodiment of the application, the abrasive water jet operation system with the sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun is used for carrying out sand blasting perforation operation and well washing operation, the sand blasting perforation operation and the well washing operation can be carried out successively only by putting the abrasive water jet pipe column into the well once and using the sand blasting and well washing integrated spray gun, the sliding valve is opened by the ball injector in the middle, the slurry channel is blocked, the two operations can be switched, the operation flow is simplified, and the construction cost is reduced; meanwhile, circulation communication is established between the outside of the well and the inside of the well, so that the frosted slurry can be recycled, the construction cost is saved, the construction emission is reduced, and the effect of reducing environmental pollution can be realized.

The sand-blasting and well-washing integrated spray gun, the abrasive water jet operation system and the method can be applied to construction of abrasive water jets of oil fields, coal bed gas, uranium mine leaching and the like, are particularly suitable for abrasive water jet perforation and abrasive water jet cutting operation, and are not particularly limited in the application.

The application provides a sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun, abrasive water jet operating system and method, wherein, sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun sets up thick liquid passageway and well-flushing passageway in a spray gun simultaneously, adopt the cooperation of bowling and slide valve to use and be used for switching on of thick liquid passageway and switching on of well-flushing passageway, can realize that sandblast function and well-flushing function are integrated on a spray gun, only need go into abrasive water jet tubular column in the pit and can realize sandblast perforation operation and going on in succession of well-flushing operation, can reduce the use of a spray gun and tubular column, thereby reduce the tubular column operation of once going down, save the operation construction flow, practice thrift the operation construction cost, promote the operating efficiency of whole water jet abrasive. The application provides a sandblast well-flushing integral type spray gun simple structure and safety and stability. The abrasive water jet operation system and the abrasive water jet operation method are simple to operate, and the abrasive water jet pipe column can be anchored through the oil pipe anchor, so that the abrasive water jet pipe column is fixed in position, and the abrasive water jet pipe column can be prevented from radially rotating and moving in the construction process to form cutting, the strength of a sleeve is reduced, and the integrity of the pipe column is damaged. The frosted slurry is recycled through the frosted slurry circulating tank outside the well, and the frosted slurry can be greatly reduced, so that the construction cost is greatly reduced, the construction emission is reduced, and the effect of reducing the environmental pollution is achieved.

The same and similar parts in the various embodiments in this specification may be referred to each other. In particular, for the embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the description in the method embodiments.