阅读说明：本技术 一种单相电机 (Single-phase motor ) 是由 唐林 朱绍轩 肖胜宇 陈彬 孙伟力 张志东 于 2019-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种单相电机,包括：定子总成,包括定子铁芯和绕组,所述定子铁芯包括多个齿部对,多个所述齿部对呈环形设置,每一个所述齿部对包括两个齿部,多个所述齿部对中至少一个的两个所述齿部的中线不同,其它所述齿部对的两个所述齿部的中线相同,所述绕组绕制在所述齿部上,所述齿部的齿端设有沿所述中线对称的极弧,多个所述齿部的所述极弧形成圆形的转子安装位；和转子,设于所述转子安装位且与多对所述齿部的所述极弧形成均匀气隙,所述转子具有均匀分布的至少一对磁极。本发明的单相单机采用均匀间隙同时具备自起能力,从而降低不均匀气隙导致的齿槽转矩和转矩脉动,提高电机性能,并且降低加工和装配的精度要求。(The present invention provides a single-phase motor, including: the stator assembly comprises a stator core and a winding, wherein the stator core comprises a plurality of tooth pairs, the tooth pairs are annularly arranged, each tooth pair comprises two teeth, the central lines of the two teeth of at least one of the tooth pairs are different, the central lines of the two teeth of the other tooth pairs are the same, the winding is wound on the teeth, the tooth ends of the teeth are provided with polar arcs symmetrical along the central lines, and the polar arcs of the teeth form a circular rotor mounting position; and the rotor is arranged at the rotor mounting position and forms a uniform air gap with the pole arcs of the plurality of pairs of tooth parts, and the rotor is provided with at least one pair of magnetic poles which are uniformly distributed. The single-phase single machine adopts uniform gaps and has self-starting capability, so that the cogging torque and the torque pulsation caused by non-uniform air gaps are reduced, the performance of the motor is improved, and the precision requirements of processing and assembling are reduced.)

1. A single phase electric motor, comprising:

the stator assembly (10) comprises a stator core and a winding, wherein the stator core comprises a plurality of tooth pairs, the tooth pairs are annularly arranged, each tooth pair comprises two teeth, the central lines of the two teeth of at least one of the tooth pairs are different, the central lines of the two teeth of the other tooth pairs are the same, the winding is wound on the teeth, the tooth ends of the teeth are provided with polar arcs which are symmetrical along the central lines, and the polar arcs of the teeth form a circular rotor mounting position; and

and the rotor (20) is arranged at the rotor mounting position and forms a uniform air gap with the pole arcs of the plurality of pairs of tooth parts, and the rotor (20) is provided with at least one pair of magnetic poles (21) which are uniformly distributed.

2. The single-phase electric motor of claim 1,

the installation planes of the tooth part pairs are provided with tooth part installation positions which are the same as the tooth parts in number and are uniformly arranged in an annular mode, the tooth parts are arranged on the tooth part installation positions, the central line of at least one of the tooth parts is different from the central line of the tooth part installation positions, and the central lines of other tooth parts are the same as the central lines of the tooth part installation positions.

3. The single-phase electric motor of claim 2,

when the motor is started, the winding on the tooth part with the different neutral line from the neutral line of the installation position and the winding on the other tooth parts have different voltages.

4. Single-phase electric machine according to any of claims 1 to 3,

the number of the tooth pairs is the same as the number of pairs of the magnetic poles (21), and the teeth are arranged corresponding to the magnetic poles (21).

5. The single-phase electric motor of claim 4,

the number of the tooth pairs is two, and the rotor (20) has two pairs of the magnetic poles (21).

6. The single-phase electric motor of claim 5,

the two tooth pairs comprise a first tooth (121), a second tooth (122), a third tooth (123) and a fourth tooth (124) which are sequentially and adjacently arranged, the central line of the first tooth (121) is different from the central line of the corresponding tooth installation position, and the central lines of the second tooth (122), the third tooth (123) and the fourth tooth (124) are the same as the central lines of the corresponding tooth installation positions.

7. The single-phase electric motor of claim 6,

the winding comprises a first winding (131), a second winding (132), a third winding (133) and a fourth winding (134) which are wound on the first tooth part (121), the second tooth part (122), the third tooth part (123) and the fourth tooth part (124) respectively, and the winding directions of the first winding (131), the second winding (132), the third winding (133) and the fourth winding (134) are the same.

8. The single-phase electric motor of claim 6,

the stator core further includes a first yoke portion (111) and a second yoke portion (112), the first tooth portion (121) and the second tooth portion (122) are formed at the first yoke portion (111), and the third tooth portion (123) and the fourth tooth portion (124) are formed at the second yoke portion (112).

9. The single-phase electric motor of claim 6,

the included angle between the central line of the first tooth part (121) and the central line of the corresponding tooth part installation position is 5-30 degrees.

10. The single-phase electric motor of claim 3,

when the motor is started, the ratio of the voltage of the winding on the tooth part with the different neutral line from the neutral line of the mounting position to the voltage of the winding on the other tooth part is 0-0.7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a single-phase motor.

Background

The principle of the single-phase permanent magnet motor is that a stator winding generates a magnetic field to drive a permanent magnet rotor to rotate, the rotor of the common single-phase permanent magnet motor with uniform air gaps can stop at a dead point position after power failure, and after power is turned on again, the initial magnetic field of the stator and the magnetic field of the rotor have no starting angle difference, so that the motor cannot generate starting torque and does not have starting capability. In order to enable the motor to have starting capacity, an uneven air gap is arranged between a stator tooth part and a permanent magnet rotor of a traditional single-phase permanent magnet motor, and the principle that the magnetic resistance is small at the position with a small air gap and the magnetic conductance is large is utilized, so that the rotor stops at a non-dead point position after power failure, and a stator magnetic field and a permanent magnet rotor magnetic field have a starting angle difference after a stator winding is electrified again, so that starting torque is generated. However, the structure using the uneven air gap has high requirements on processing precision and assembly precision, and the uneven air gap structure substantially increases the length of the air gap on one side, so that the average air gap length is increased, the cogging torque and the torque ripple are increased, and the control performance of the motor is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem that the performance of the existing single-phase permanent magnet motor is reduced due to the fact that an uneven air gap is adopted in self-starting, the invention provides a single-phase permanent magnet motor which does not reduce the performance of the motor and achieves self-starting.

The invention provides a single-phase motor, comprising:

the stator assembly comprises a stator core and a winding, wherein the stator core comprises a plurality of tooth pairs, the tooth pairs are annularly arranged, each tooth pair comprises two teeth, the central lines of the two teeth of at least one of the tooth pairs are different, the central lines of the two teeth of the other tooth pairs are the same, the winding is wound on the teeth, the tooth ends of the teeth are provided with polar arcs symmetrical along the central lines, and the polar arcs of the teeth form circular rotor mounting positions; and

the rotor is arranged at the rotor mounting position and forms a uniform air gap with the pole arcs of the plurality of pairs of tooth parts, and the rotor is provided with at least one pair of magnetic poles which are uniformly distributed.

In some embodiments, the mounting plane of the pair of teeth has a same number of uniformly annularly arranged tooth mounting sites as the number of teeth, a plurality of teeth are provided at the tooth mounting sites, a centerline of at least one of the plurality of teeth is different from a centerline of the tooth mounting site, and centerlines of the other teeth are the same as the centerlines of the tooth mounting sites.

In some embodiments, the teeth having a different neutral line from the neutral line of the mounting location and the other teeth have different voltages when the motor is started.

In some embodiments, the number of the pairs of teeth is the same as the number of pairs of the magnetic poles, and the teeth are provided corresponding to the magnetic poles.

In some embodiments, the number of the pairs of teeth is two, and the rotor has two pairs of the magnetic poles.

In some embodiments, two of the tooth pairs include a first tooth, a second tooth, a third tooth, and a fourth tooth, which are adjacently disposed in sequence, the first tooth has a center line different from the center line of its corresponding tooth site, and the second tooth, the third tooth, and the fourth tooth have the same center line as the center line of its corresponding tooth site.

In some embodiments, the windings include a first winding, a second winding, a third winding and a fourth winding wound on the first tooth portion, the second tooth portion, the third tooth portion and the fourth tooth portion respectively, and the winding directions of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding and the fourth winding are the same.

In some embodiments, the stator core further comprises a first yoke portion and a second yoke portion, the first tooth portion and the second tooth portion are formed at the first yoke portion, and the third tooth portion and the fourth tooth portion are formed at the second yoke portion.

In some embodiments, the angle between the midline of the first tooth and the midline of the corresponding tooth mounting site is between 5 ° and 30 °.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the voltage of the winding on the tooth part with the different neutral line from the neutral line of the installation position to the voltage of the winding on the other tooth part is 0-0.7 when the motor is started.

The invention provides a single-phase motor which comprises a stator assembly and a rotor, wherein the stator assembly comprises a stator iron core and a winding, the stator iron core comprises a plurality of tooth pairs, the tooth pairs are annularly arranged, each tooth pair comprises two tooth parts, the winding is wound on the tooth parts, the tooth ends of the tooth parts are provided with polar arcs symmetrical along the central line of the tooth parts, the polar arcs of the tooth parts form a circular rotor mounting position, the rotor is mounted on the rotor mounting position and forms a uniform air gap with the polar arcs of the tooth parts, so that the cogging torque and the torque pulsation caused by the non-uniform air gap are reduced, the performance of the motor is improved, the precision requirements of processing and assembly are reduced, and meanwhile, when the motor works, the air gap between the rotor and the tooth parts is uniform, the harmonic wave of an air gap magnetic field is reduced. The rotor is provided with at least one pair of magnetic poles which are uniformly distributed, the central lines of two teeth of at least one of the plurality of tooth pairs are different, and the central lines of two teeth of other tooth pairs are the same, so that the plurality of teeth form an asymmetric structure, when the motor is started, starting voltage is applied to the winding, an angle difference is generated between the initial magnetic field of the stator and the magnetic field of the rotor, and starting torque is provided, so that the motor can start without reducing the performance. Furthermore, when the motor is started, unequal voltages are applied to the offset tooth part and other tooth parts, so that the starting torque is further increased, and the self-starting of the motor is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-phase motor according to some embodiments of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

10-a stator assembly; 111-a first yoke; 112-a second yoke; 121-a first tooth; 122-a second tooth; 123-third tooth; 124-fourth tooth; 131-a first winding; 132-a second winding; 133-a third winding; 134-a fourth winding; 20-a rotor; 21-magnetic pole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some examples of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention provides a single-phase motor, which can be used for a single-phase permanent magnet motor, a single-phase line starting permanent magnet synchronous motor and the like, and comprises a stator assembly and a permanent magnet rotor, wherein the stator assembly comprises a stator core and a winding, the stator core is provided with a plurality of tooth pairs, the plurality of tooth pairs can be annularly arranged on the inner side of a motor shell, each tooth pair comprises two tooth parts which are oppositely arranged on two sides of the circle center of the motor shell, the winding is wound on the tooth parts, so that stator magnetic poles are formed at the tooth ends of the stator tooth parts, pole arcs which are symmetrical along the center line of the stator magnetic poles (the center line of the tooth parts) are arranged on the inner side of the stator magnetic poles, and the. The permanent magnet rotor is a rotor with at least one pair of magnetic poles uniformly distributed, for example, the permanent magnet rotor is made of sintered Ru Fe B magnetic steel, the rotor is installed in an installation position, and the middle part of the rotor is connected with a driving output shaft. Compared with a traditional non-uniform air gap motor, the motor has the advantages that the uniform air gap is formed between the rotor and the pole arc, the cogging torque and the torque pulsation are reduced, the motor performance is improved, the precision requirements of machining and assembling are reduced, meanwhile, when the motor works, the air gap between the rotor and the tooth part is uniform, the harmonic wave of an air gap magnetic field is reduced, and therefore noise is reduced. For example, when the stator structure is arranged, one tooth of one tooth pair is offset by a certain angle, so that starting voltage is applied to a winding when the motor is started, an angle difference is generated between an initial magnetic field of the stator and a magnetic field of the rotor, and the starting torque of the rotor is provided, so that the motor can start without reducing the performance.

The structure of a single phase motor in some embodiments of the present invention is shown in fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the single phase motor of the present invention may be an internal rotor motor, which includes a stator assembly 10 and a rotor 20. The stator assembly 10 includes two stator cores and windings wound on the stator cores, and in some embodiments shown in fig. 1, the two stator cores include a first yoke portion 111 and a second yoke portion 112 annularly disposed, a first tooth portion 121 and a second tooth portion 122 are formed at two ends of the first yoke portion 111 inward in a radial direction, and a third tooth portion 123 and a fourth tooth portion 124 are formed at two ends of the second yoke portion 112 inward in the radial direction. In the present embodiment, two opposite sides of the rotor 20 are defined as a tooth pair, that is, the first tooth 121 and the third tooth 123 form a first tooth pair, the second tooth 122 and the fourth tooth 124 form a second tooth pair, and the second tooth 122, the third tooth 123 and the fourth tooth 124 are sequentially arranged at an included angle of 90 °, so that center lines of the two teeth in the second tooth pair are collinear, and center lines of the two teeth in the first tooth pair have an included angle θ.

In the embodiment, the tooth ends of the stator tooth parts far away from the yoke part are provided with polar arcs symmetrical along the central lines of the tooth parts, and the polar arcs uniformly extend to two sides along the axes of the tooth parts, so that the polar arcs of the four tooth parts form a circular mounting position in the stator. The rotor 20 is installed in the installation position, the rotor 20 comprises two pairs of magnetic poles 21 uniformly arranged along the radial direction, a uniform air gap is formed between the rotor 20 and a pole arc, the magnetic poles 21 can be seen in fig. 1, and four magnetic poles 21 are uniformly distributed at 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the rotor 20. When the motor is not operating, the rotor 20 is affected by cogging torque and stops at the position shown in fig. 1, and the centerlines of the second tooth 122, the third tooth 123, and the fourth tooth 124 and the centerlines of the respective corresponding poles 21 are in a collinear state.

In the present embodiment, the windings include a first winding 131 wound around the first tooth 121, a second winding 132 wound around the second tooth 122, a third winding 133 wound around the third tooth 123, and a fourth winding 134 wound around the fourth tooth 124. Preferably, in some embodiments, the first, second, third and fourth windings 131, 132, 133 and 134 have the same winding direction to facilitate manufacturing and assembly of the motor. When the motor is operated, the current direction of the first winding 131 is opposite to that of the second winding 132, the current direction of the third winding 133 is opposite to that of the fourth winding 134, and the current direction of the first winding 131 is the same as that of the fourth winding 134, so that a magnetic field is generated. When the motor is stopped, the rotor 20 is subjected to cogging torque, and is stopped at a position shown in fig. 1, for example, and when the motor is restarted, the stator generates a magnetic field having an angular difference with the magnetic field of the rotor 20, thereby providing starting torque of the rotor 20, so that the rotor 20 is started.

It should be noted that an angle θ between the central line of the first tooth 121 and the central line of the corresponding magnetic pole 21 is too small, which may result in insufficient starting torque, and the rotor 20 has poor starting effect, and an angle θ too large may result in increased torque ripple and cogging torque, and thus the motor performance is not good. Therefore, in some embodiments, the included angle θ between the central line of the first tooth 121 and the central line of the corresponding magnetic pole 21 is preferably 5 ° to 30 °.

In some embodiments, voltage V may be applied to first winding 131 and second winding 132 during motor start-up₁A voltage V is applied to the third winding 133 and the fourth winding 134₂Preferably, V₁And V₂In the ratio of 0 to 0.7 inDifferent voltages are applied during starting, so that the rotor 20 generates larger starting torque, and the motor is started more stably. For example, in one exemplary embodiment, the motor rated voltage (24V) is applied to the first winding 131 and the second winding 132, and the voltage applied to the other windings is not applied, compared to the conventional non-uniform air gap scheme, the starting torque is increased from 3.47mNm to 8.19mNm and increased by 236%, the cogging torque is increased from a maximum value of 30.7mNm, the peak-to-peak value is 58.32mNm and decreased to a maximum value of 9.7mNm, the peak-to-peak value is 19.53mNm and decreased by about 66%, and the torque ripple is decreased from 229% to 190%. In other embodiments, during start-up of the motor, different start-up voltages may be applied to the first winding 131 and the second winding 132 to generate a larger start-up torque for the rotor 20. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the rated voltage (24V) of the motor is applied to the first winding 131, the voltage is not applied to other windings, and the starting torque can reach 6.68mNm, which is 193% higher than that of the traditional single-phase motor. After the motor is started, normal voltage can be applied to each phase winding, and the motor can be maintained to operate stably by adopting the existing control mode, which is not described herein again.

The structure and the operation principle of the single-phase motor according to some embodiments of the present invention are described above, but other alternative embodiments are possible for the single-phase motor according to the present invention based on the above embodiments.

In some alternative embodiments, the number of tooth pairs of the stator and the number of magnetic pole pairs of the rotor may be any other number suitable for implementation, for example, the number of tooth pairs may be 3, 4, 5, etc., and the number of rotor magnetic pole pairs may be 1, 2, 3, etc. The number of the offset teeth in the plurality of teeth is not limited to one, and the offset teeth may be provided in plurality, and the central lines of the plurality of teeth and the central line of the corresponding teeth form an angle, so that the stator teeth form an asymmetric structure, and the initial magnetic field of the stator and the magnetic field of the rotor form a starting angle.

In other alternative embodiments, the single-phase single-machine of the present invention is not limited to the stator assembly and the rotor in the above embodiments using the structure of the inner rotor motor, and may also use the structure of the outer rotor, and the principle thereof is the same as that of the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement the single-phase single-machine based on the above disclosure, and will not be described again here.

It should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.