阅读说明：本技术 一种龙门加工中心用高速稳固式传动装置 (High-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center ) 是由 刘士孔 刘星明 郑良泽 于 2021-03-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种龙门加工中心用高速稳固式传动装置,包括滑枕、主电机、变速箱、第一锁紧机构、第二锁紧机构、碳纤维传动轴和机械主轴,碳纤维传动轴和机械主轴固定安装在滑枕内,碳纤维传动轴一端通过第二锁紧机构与机械主轴端部同轴紧固连接；碳纤维传动轴另一端通过第一锁紧机构与变速箱的输出端同轴紧固连接,主电机与变速箱的输入轴紧固连接。本发明采用主电机与高速减速机相连,通过碳纤维传动轴驱动机械主轴旋转,整个系统都进行动平衡校核,减少联轴器或其他不平衡量带来的振动；使用高速减速机与机械主轴的相连,可实现主轴高扭矩,提高主轴的切削性能。(The invention discloses a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center, which comprises a ram, a main motor, a gearbox, a first locking mechanism, a second locking mechanism, a carbon fiber transmission shaft and a mechanical main shaft, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft are fixedly arranged in the ram, and one end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft through the second locking mechanism; the other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the gearbox through a first locking mechanism, and the main motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the gearbox. According to the invention, the main motor is connected with the high-speed reducer, the mechanical main shaft is driven to rotate through the carbon fiber transmission shaft, the whole system is subjected to dynamic balance check, and vibration caused by a coupler or other unbalance amounts is reduced; the high-speed reducer is connected with the mechanical main shaft, so that high torque of the main shaft can be realized, and the cutting performance of the main shaft is improved.)

1. A high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center is characterized by comprising a ram (1), a main motor (2), a gearbox (3), a first locking mechanism (4), a second locking mechanism (5), a carbon fiber transmission shaft (6) and a mechanical spindle (7), wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical spindle are fixedly installed in the ram, and one end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical spindle through the second locking mechanism; the other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the gearbox through a first locking mechanism, and the main motor is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the gearbox.

2. The high-speed steady transmission device for gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft is a hollow ring-cylindrical structure.

3. The high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are both locking sleeve structures and comprise two half ring bodies (8) coaxially mounted with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and locking expansion sleeves (9) coaxially sleeved outside the two half ring bodies, and the half ring bodies and the locking expansion sleeves are fixedly connected through locking bolts (10).

4. The high-speed stable transmission device for the gantry machining center according to claim 3, wherein the top end of the half ring body is provided with a protruding connecting part (81), the locking bolt is installed on the connecting ring, the outer side surface of the half ring body is provided with a first conical inclined surface (82) which inclines inwards, the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a screw hole (91) matched with the locking bolt, and the inner side wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a second conical inclined surface (92) which has the same inclination angle with the first conical inclined surface.

5. The high-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center according to claim 4, wherein the inclination angles of the first and second tapered inclined surfaces are 3 ° to 10 °.

6. The high-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center according to claim 3, wherein the outer wall of the semi-ring body is provided with a positioning groove (83) opened axially, and the outer wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning protrusion (94) corresponding to the positioning groove axially.

7. The high-speed steady transmission device for gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft is made of carbon fiber composite material.

8. The high-speed stable transmission device for gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein the ram is square in shape, two ends of the ram are movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft through bearings respectively, and a plurality of reinforcing rings (11) are radially arranged in the ram.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission devices, in particular to a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center.

Background

The rotating speed of a main shaft of a direct connection machine of a gantry machining center in the current market is not high, and is generally 4500rpm to 6000 rpm. In actual production, a large aluminum alloy part cannot meet high-speed high-precision machining, and only an electric spindle can be selected when high speed is required. Compared with a direct connection mechanical main shaft, the electric main shaft is high in cost and relatively low in torque; and the structure is belt type, so that the size of the front end of the ram is larger, and the deep cavity processing is interfered. When the spindle is machined at a high rotating speed, vibration of the spindle and the ram is intensified, and the machining effect is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center, which has better manufacturability in the whole structure and can realize high rotating speed of a main shaft.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme in order to achieve the purpose:

a high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center comprises a ram, a main motor, a gearbox, a first locking mechanism, a second locking mechanism, a carbon fiber transmission shaft and a mechanical main shaft, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft are fixedly arranged in the ram, and one end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft through the second locking mechanism; the other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the gearbox through a first locking mechanism, and the main motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the gearbox. According to the invention, the main motor is connected with the gearbox, and the mechanical main shaft is driven to rotate through the carbon fiber transmission shaft, so that the whole dynamic balance check of the transmission device can be realized, and the vibration caused by a coupler or other unbalance quantities is reduced; the gearbox is connected with the mechanical main shaft, so that high-torque transmission of the mechanical main shaft can be realized, and the cutting performance of the mechanical main shaft is improved.

Further, the carbon fiber transmission shaft is of a hollow annular cylindrical structure.

Furthermore, first locking mechanism and second locking mechanism are the lock sleeve structure, and it includes the roof beam hemicycle body and the coaxial cover that establish in the roof beam hemicycle body outside with carbon fiber transmission shaft coaxial arrangement and the bloated cover of locking, and the hemicycle body passes through locking bolt fastening connection with the bloated cover of locking. The conical locking expansion sleeve is arranged on the carbon fiber transmission shaft, so that the stability of 8000rpm rotation speed transmission with the mechanical spindle is realized.

Compared with a common transmission shaft, the carbon fiber transmission shaft has the characteristics of small centrifugal force, high material strength and smaller deformation during high-speed rotation. Therefore, the dynamic balance of the whole transmission mechanism can not be damaged during high-speed rotation, and the stability of 8000rpm rotating speed transmission is ensured. At present, the direct-connection main shaft can not reach high speed, but can reach high speed by using the structure, and the traditional material is easy to deform the coupler under the action of centrifugal force, so that dynamic balance is damaged, and vibration is caused; meanwhile, the carbon fiber transmission shaft has a correction angle deviation range, and can automatically align the rotation center.

Further, half ring body top has connecting portion, and locking bolt installs on the go-between, and half ring body lateral surface has the first awl inclined plane of inboard slope, the go-between that the bloated cover top of locking has, set up on the go-between with locking bolt complex screw, the bloated cover inside wall of locking has the second cone inclined plane the same with the inclination on first awl inclined plane.

Further, the inclination angle of the first conical inclined surface and the second conical inclined surface is 3-10 degrees.

Furthermore, the outer wall of the semi-ring body is provided with a positioning groove which is axially arranged, and the outer wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning bulge which axially corresponds to the positioning groove.

Further, the carbon fiber transmission shaft is made of a carbon fiber composite material.

Furthermore, the ram is square in shape, two ends of the ram are respectively movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft and the mechanical main shaft through bearings, and a plurality of reinforcing rings are radially arranged in the ram. By optimizing the integral structure of the ram, the high-rotating-speed and high-torque operation is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the integral mechanical strength is guaranteed.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: (1) the whole structure has better manufacturability, and the high rotating speed of the main shaft can be completely achieved only by ensuring the dynamic balance of the whole system; (2) the processing method completely meets the high speed of aluminum alloy processing, can also consider the processing of steel material parts, meets the requirements of rail transit and aerospace plane processing, and is widely applied to the aluminum alloy processing of aerospace military industry; (3) in the conical locking device of the transmission device, along with the downward screwing of the expansion sleeve bolt, the second conical inclined surface of the locking expansion sleeve is driven to the inner side, the first conical inclined surface which is mutually attached to the inclined surface of the second conical inclined surface and mutually matched drives to the inner side, and the two half ring bodies inside are fixedly connected, so that the half ring bodies can be more stably fixed in the conical locking device, the integral stability and the high-speed and low-speed main shaft high-torque characteristics of a high-speed main shaft are improved, and the gap that a large gantry cannot be used at high rotating speed and high torque is filled; (4) the gearbox is connected with the main shaft through the high-performance carbon fiber transmission shaft for transmission, the carbon fiber composite transmission shaft has excellent performance, has the characteristics of light weight, high strength and the like, has excellent weather resistance and aging resistance, has the service life generally 2-3 times that of steel, and has the fatigue strength far higher than that of the steel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first locking mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a ram; 11. a reinforcement ring; 2. a main motor; 3. a gearbox; 4. a first locking mechanism; 5. a second locking mechanism; 6. a carbon fiber transmission shaft; 7. a mechanical spindle; 8. a hemicyclic body; 81. a connecting portion; 82. a first tapered ramp; 83. positioning a groove; 9. locking the expansion sleeve; 91. a screw hole; 92. a second tapered surface; 10. and locking the bolt.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the high-speed stable transmission device for a gantry machining center comprises a ram 1, a main motor 2, a gearbox 3, a first locking mechanism 4, a second locking mechanism 5, a carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and a mechanical main shaft 7, wherein the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and the mechanical main shaft 7 are fixedly installed in the ram 1, the ram 1 is square in shape, two ends of the ram 1 are movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and the mechanical main shaft 7 respectively through bearings, a plurality of reinforcing rings 11 are radially arranged in the ram 1, and the reinforcing rings 11 can enhance the transmission strength and stability of the ram 1. One end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the end part of the mechanical main shaft 7 through a second locking mechanism 5. The other end of the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output end of the gearbox 3 through the first locking mechanism 4, and the main motor 2 is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the gearbox 3. The invention adopts the main motor 2 to be connected with a high-speed reducer, namely a gearbox 3, and drives a mechanical main shaft 7 to rotate through a carbon fiber transmission shaft 6, so that the whole system carries out dynamic balance check, and vibration caused by a coupler or other unbalance amounts is reduced; the transmission case 3 is connected with the mechanical main shaft 7, so that high torque of the main shaft can be realized, and the cutting performance of the main shaft is improved.

In one embodiment, the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is preferably a hollow annular cylindrical structure. The carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is made of carbon fiber composite materials, has the advantages of light weight, high strength, aging resistance and the like, and still has good stability at high rotating speed. In one embodiment, to meet the requirement of rotating speed, the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 has an outer diameter of 140mm, an inner diameter of 130mm and a shaft length of 1290 mm.

As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the first locking mechanism 4 and the second locking mechanism 5 are both of a locking sleeve structure, and include two half-ring bodies 8 which are coaxially mounted and buckled with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and a locking expansion sleeve 9 which is coaxially sleeved outside the two half-ring bodies 8, the half-ring bodies 8 and the locking expansion sleeve 9 are fastened and connected by a locking bolt 10, and the mechanical spindle 7 adopts a carbon fiber pipe to realize the stability of 8000rpm rotation speed transmission through two tapered locking expansion sleeves at two ends.

Preferably, the top end of the half-ring body 8 is provided with a connecting part 81, the locking bolt 10 is installed on the connecting part 81, the outer side surface of the half-ring body 8 is provided with a first conical inclined surface 82 inclined towards the inner side, the locking expansion sleeve 9 is provided with a screw hole 91 matched with the locking bolt 10, and the inner side wall of the locking expansion sleeve 9 is provided with a second conical inclined surface 92 with the same inclination angle as the first conical inclined surface 82.

Preferably, the first tapered ramp 82 and the second tapered ramp 92 are inclined at an angle of 3 ° to 10 °.

Preferably, the outer wall of the semi-ring body is provided with a positioning groove 83 which is axially arranged, and the outer wall of the locking expansion sleeve is provided with a positioning bulge 94 which axially corresponds to the positioning groove. The first conical inclined surface 82 and the second conical inclined surface 92 are mutually attached and matched, and the position of the groove formed on the first conical inclined surface 82 of the half-ring body 8 is mutually matched with the position of the positioning bulge 94 of the second conical inclined surface 92 of the locking expansion sleeve 9, so that the locking expansion sleeve is conically contracted into an integrated structure.

Preferably, the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 is made of carbon fiber composite material.

Preferably, the ram 1 is square, two ends of the ram are respectively movably connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 and the mechanical main shaft 7 through bearings, and a plurality of reinforcing rings 11 are radially arranged in the ram. By optimizing the integral structure of the ram 1, the high-rotating-speed and high-torque operation is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the integral mechanical strength is guaranteed.

The transmission device firstly drives the transmission case 3 of the main shaft to rotate at high speed through the main motor 2 with high rotating speed and high torque, the transmission case 3 is divided into high-low gear transmission, the transmission torque can be improved by changing the transmission ratio, and the transmission with low rotating speed, large torque, high rotating speed and high torque is realized. The gearbox 3 is connected with the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6, and two ends of the carbon fiber transmission shaft 6 are respectively connected with the gearbox 3 and the mechanical main shaft 7 to form the whole transmission structure. The mechanical main shaft 7 is a high-speed large-torque main shaft, and can realize high-precision machining and recutting machining by driving a cutter. The ram 1 meets the performance requirement of a mechanical main shaft at 8000rpm through structural optimization, and the stable operation of the whole transmission is ensured.

The embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can modify the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but the present invention is protected by patent law within the scope of the appended claims.