阅读说明：本技术 一种铝合金抛光处理工艺 (Aluminum alloy polishing treatment process ) 是由 郭世龙 郭启军 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铝合金抛光处理工艺；涉及铝合金处理技术领域,包括以下步骤：(1)得到脱脂铝合金件；(2)得到预处理铝合金件；(3)配制抛光液；(4)将抛光液预热至60-70℃,保温；(5)将预热后的抛光液添加到真空浸渍反应釜中,然后再将预处理铝合金件添加到预热的抛光液中,保温浸渍处理10-14min,然后进行过滤,水洗至中性,真空干燥至恒重,即可；本发明方工艺对铝合金的抛光处理具有较高的抛光速率,能够达到更好的抛光效果。(The invention discloses an aluminum alloy polishing treatment process; relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy treatment, and comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining a degreased aluminum alloy part; (2) obtaining a pretreated aluminum alloy part; (3) preparing a polishing solution; (4) preheating the polishing solution to 60-70 ℃, and preserving heat; (5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 10-14min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to constant weight; the polishing process of the aluminum alloy has higher polishing rate and can achieve better polishing effect.)

1. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) putting an aluminum alloy piece to be treated into acetone, heating to 82-86 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30min, taking out, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain a degreased aluminum alloy piece;

(2) adding the degreased aluminum alloy piece into the pretreatment liquid, soaking for 35-40min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-12min, then taking out, washing with clear water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy piece;

(3) preparing a polishing solution:

adding hydrogen peroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium nitrite, sodium silicate, a surfactant and sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polishing solution;

(4) preheating the polishing solution to 60-70 ℃, and preserving heat;

(5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 10-14min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to be constant weight.

2. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing mass ratio of the aluminum alloy to the acetone is 1: 5.

3. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the pretreatment solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, nano silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate into deionized water, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a pretreatment solution.

4. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mass fraction of sulfuric acid in the pretreatment solution is 2.1-2.8%;

the mass fraction of the nano silicon dioxide is 4-4.5%;

the mass fraction of sodium sulfate is 8-10%.

5. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dipping temperature of the pretreatment liquid is 55-60 ℃.

6. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 500W.

7. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen peroxide, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the sodium nitrite, the sodium silicate, the surfactant, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are mixed according to the weight ratio: 12-14:3-5:1.2-1.6:1.2-1.6:3.2-3.8: 18-20: 60-66;

the mixing weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the sodium silicate is 1: 1.

8. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: the surfactant is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-TX-10;

the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

9. The aluminum alloy polishing treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature in the vacuum impregnation reaction kettle is 62-68 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.012 MPa;

the vacuum drying temperature was 40 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy treatment, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy polishing treatment process.

Background

With the increasingly widespread use of aluminum alloys in daily life, the demands of people on aluminum alloys are increasing, and not only are higher mechanical properties required, but also excellent decorative appearance and corrosion resistance are required. Chemical polishing is an important process in the surface treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloy, and at present, the chemical polishing agent of the aluminum alloy mainly comprises two types, namely acid solution and alkaline solution. The existing alkaline polishing agent is a strong alkaline solution, mainly adopts sodium hydroxide, has high operation temperature which is usually above 100 ℃, has serious alkali fog during polishing, influences operation environment, has serious corrosion to aluminum, heavy metal loss and slow light-emitting speed, needs more concentrated acid for post-treatment to remove a black film left after alkaline cleaning, improves the surface brightness, has more processes, and therefore needs further improvement on the prior art to improve the polishing effect and reduce pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy polishing treatment process to solve the defects in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an aluminum alloy polishing treatment process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting an aluminum alloy piece to be treated into acetone, heating to 82-86 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30min, taking out, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain a degreased aluminum alloy piece;

(2) adding the degreased aluminum alloy piece into the pretreatment liquid, soaking for 35-40min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-12min, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy piece;

(3) preparing a polishing solution:

adding hydrogen peroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium nitrite, sodium silicate, a surfactant and sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polishing solution;

(4) preheating the polishing solution to 60-70 ℃, and preserving heat;

(5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 10-14min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to be constant weight.

The mixing mass ratio of the aluminum alloy to the acetone is 1: 5.

The preparation method of the pretreatment solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, nano silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate into deionized water, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a pretreatment solution.

The mass fraction of sulfuric acid in the pretreatment solution is 2.1-2.8%;

the mass fraction of the nano silicon dioxide is 4-4.5%;

the mass fraction of sodium sulfate is 8-10%.

The dipping temperature of the pretreatment liquid is 55-60 ℃.

The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 500W.

The hydrogen peroxide, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the sodium nitrite, the sodium silicate, the surfactant, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are mixed according to the weight ratio: 12-14:3-5:1.2-1.6:1.2-1.6:3.2-3.8: 18-20: 60-66;

the mixing weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the sodium silicate is 1: 1.

The surfactant is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-TX-10;

the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

The temperature in the vacuum impregnation reaction kettle is 62-68 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.012 MPa;

the vacuum drying temperature was 40 ℃.

Has the advantages that:

the polishing treatment of the aluminum alloy by the process has higher polishing rate, and can achieve better polishing effect, and the polishing rate is obviously reduced when pretreatment is not carried out by adopting pretreatment liquid. The process can effectively improve the polishing effect of the aluminum alloy, greatly improve the surface quality after polishing and greatly reduce the surface roughness. The polishing effect of the aluminum alloy piece can be effectively improved by pretreating the aluminum alloy piece in the process, the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy piece can be increased by adopting pretreatment liquid and carrying out auxiliary treatment by ultrasonic waves, the contact area between the aluminum alloy piece and the polishing liquid during subsequent polishing treatment is increased, the polishing efficiency is greatly improved, the polishing effect can be effectively promoted, the surface quality of the aluminum alloy piece is improved, and the roughness of the aluminum alloy piece is reduced. The glossiness of the aluminum alloy piece treated by the process is greatly improved, and the process has obvious improvement on the polishing effect of the aluminum alloy piece.

Detailed Description

An aluminum alloy polishing treatment process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting an aluminum alloy piece to be treated into acetone, heating to 82-86 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30min, taking out, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain a degreased aluminum alloy piece;

(2) adding the degreased aluminum alloy piece into the pretreatment liquid, soaking for 35-40min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-12min, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy piece;

(3) preparing a polishing solution:

adding hydrogen peroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium nitrite, sodium silicate, a surfactant and sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polishing solution;

(4) preheating the polishing solution to 60-70 ℃, and preserving heat;

(5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 10-14min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to be constant weight.

The mixing mass ratio of the aluminum alloy to the acetone is 1: 5.

The preparation method of the pretreatment solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, nano silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate into deionized water, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a pretreatment solution.

The mass fraction of sulfuric acid in the pretreatment solution is 2.1-2.8%;

the mass fraction of the nano silicon dioxide is 4-4.5%;

the mass fraction of sodium sulfate is 8-10%.

The dipping temperature of the pretreatment liquid is 55-60 ℃.

The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 500W.

The hydrogen peroxide, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the sodium nitrite, the sodium silicate, the surfactant, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are mixed according to the weight ratio: 12-14:3-5:1.2-1.6:1.2-1.6:3.2-3.8: 18-20: 60-66;

the mixing weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the sodium silicate is 1: 1.

The surfactant is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-TX-10;

the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

The temperature in the vacuum impregnation reaction kettle is 62-68 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.012 MPa;

the vacuum drying temperature was 40 ℃.

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

An aluminum alloy polishing treatment process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting an aluminum alloy piece to be treated into acetone, heating to 82 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30min, taking out, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain a degreased aluminum alloy piece; the mixing mass ratio of the aluminum alloy to the acetone is 1: 5.

(2) Adding the degreased aluminum alloy piece into the pretreatment liquid, soaking for 35min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy piece; the preparation method of the pretreatment solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, nano silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate into deionized water, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a pretreatment solution. The mass fraction of sulfuric acid in the pretreatment solution is 2.1%; the mass fraction of the nano silicon dioxide is 4 percent; the mass fraction of sodium sulfate is 8 percent. The dipping temperature of the pretreatment liquid is 55 ℃. The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 500W.

(3) Preparing a polishing solution:

adding hydrogen peroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium nitrite, sodium silicate, a surfactant and sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polishing solution; the hydrogen peroxide, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the sodium nitrite, the sodium silicate, the surfactant, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are mixed according to the weight ratio: 12:3:1.2:1.2:3.2: 18: 60; the mixing weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the sodium silicate is 1: 1. The surfactant is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-TX-10; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

(4) Preheating the polishing solution to 60 ℃, and preserving heat;

(5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 10min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and carrying out vacuum drying to be constant weight. The temperature in the vacuum impregnation reaction kettle is 62 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.012 MPa; the vacuum drying temperature was 40 ℃.

Example 2

An aluminum alloy polishing treatment process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting an aluminum alloy piece to be treated into acetone, heating to 86 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30min, taking out, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain a degreased aluminum alloy piece; the mixing mass ratio of the aluminum alloy to the acetone is 1: 5.

(2) Adding the degreased aluminum alloy piece into the pretreatment liquid, soaking for 40min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 12min, then taking out, washing with clear water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy piece; the preparation method of the pretreatment solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, nano silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate into deionized water, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a pretreatment solution. The mass fraction of sulfuric acid in the pretreatment solution is 2.8%; the mass fraction of the nano silicon dioxide is 4.5 percent; the mass fraction of sodium sulfate is 10%. The dipping temperature of the pretreatment liquid is 60 ℃. The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 500W.

(3) Preparing a polishing solution:

adding hydrogen peroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium nitrite, sodium silicate, a surfactant and sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polishing solution; the hydrogen peroxide, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the sodium nitrite, the sodium silicate, the surfactant, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are mixed according to the weight ratio: 14:5:1.6:1.6:3.8: 20: 66; the mixing weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the sodium silicate is 1: 1. The surfactant is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-TX-10; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

(4) Preheating the polishing solution to 70 ℃, and preserving heat;

(5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 14min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and drying in vacuum to be constant weight. The temperature in the vacuum impregnation reaction kettle is 68 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.012 MPa; the vacuum drying temperature was 40 ℃.

Example 3

An aluminum alloy polishing treatment process comprises the following steps:

(1) putting an aluminum alloy piece to be treated into acetone, heating to 83 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30min, taking out, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain a degreased aluminum alloy piece; the mixing mass ratio of the aluminum alloy to the acetone is 1: 5.

(2) Adding the degreased aluminum alloy piece into the pretreatment liquid, soaking for 38min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 11min, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy piece; the preparation method of the pretreatment solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, nano silicon dioxide and sodium sulfate into deionized water, and then uniformly stirring to obtain a pretreatment solution. The mass fraction of sulfuric acid in the pretreatment solution is 2.4%; the mass fraction of the nano silicon dioxide is 4.26 percent; the mass fraction of sodium sulfate is 9%. The impregnation temperature of the pretreatment liquid is 58 ℃. The ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, and the power is 500W.

(3) Preparing a polishing solution:

adding hydrogen peroxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium nitrite, sodium silicate, a surfactant and sodium hydroxide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polishing solution; the hydrogen peroxide, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the sodium nitrite, the sodium silicate, the surfactant, the sodium hydroxide and the deionized water are mixed according to the weight ratio: 13:4:1.5:1.5:3.5: 19: 62; the mixing weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the sodium silicate is 1: 1. The surfactant is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-TX-10; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

(4) Preheating the polishing solution to 63 ℃, and preserving heat;

(5) adding the preheated polishing solution into a vacuum impregnation reaction kettle, then adding the pretreated aluminum alloy piece into the preheated polishing solution, carrying out heat preservation impregnation treatment for 12min, then filtering, washing to be neutral, and carrying out vacuum drying to be constant weight. The temperature in the vacuum impregnation reaction kettle is 65 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.012 MPa; the vacuum drying temperature was 40 ℃.

Weighing 6061 aluminum alloy sample wafers with the same specification before and after polishing by adopting the method of the embodiment and the comparative example respectively, and calculating the polishing removal rate of the material;

TABLE 1

Comparative example 1: the difference from the example 3 is that the pretreatment solution is not used for treatment;

comparative example 2: the difference from the embodiment 3 is that sodium nitrite and sodium silicate are not added in the polishing solution;

as can be seen from Table 1, the polishing treatment of the aluminum alloy by the process of the invention has higher polishing rate, and can achieve better polishing effect, and the polishing rate is obviously reduced when pretreatment is not carried out by adopting pretreatment liquid.

Continuing the above experiment:

detecting the polishing precision of the surface of the aluminum alloy by using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM);

TABLE 2

	Ra/nm
		Example 1	9.93
Example 2	9.96
		Example 3	9.88
Comparative example 1	13.58

Comparative example 1: the difference from the example 3 is that the pretreatment solution is not used for treatment;

as can be seen from Table 2, the process of the invention can effectively improve the polishing effect of the aluminum alloy, greatly improve the surface quality after polishing and greatly reduce the surface roughness.

The 6061 aluminum alloy piece treated by the method in the embodiment 3 is used as a basic sample, and the influence of different ultrasonic frequencies on the surface precision after polishing is compared during pretreatment;

TABLE 3

Ultrasonic frequency/kHz	Ra/nm
		30	10.24
35	9.88
		40	11.03

As can be seen from Table 3, the polishing effect of the aluminum alloy part can be effectively improved by pretreating the aluminum alloy part in the process, the pretreatment liquid is adopted for pretreatment, and the ultrasonic wave is used for auxiliary treatment, so that the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy part can be increased, the contact area between the aluminum alloy part and the polishing liquid during subsequent polishing treatment is increased, the polishing efficiency is greatly improved, the polishing effect can be effectively promoted, the surface quality of the aluminum alloy part is improved, and the roughness of the aluminum alloy part is reduced.

Gloss measurement

Adopting a mirror image gloss meter with the model number of AG60 to perform gloss tests on five points at the center and four corners of the 6061 aluminum alloy test sample treated in the example and the comparative example, taking the average value of the five test results as the gloss of the tested aluminum plate, and keeping the gloss value in three digits;

before polishing: gloss/Gs: 75.9;

TABLE 4

	gloss/Gs
		Example 1	240
Example 2	240
		Example 3	241
Comparative example 1	213

Comparative example 1: the difference from the example 3 is that the pretreatment solution is not used for treatment;

as can be seen from Table 4, the glossiness of the aluminum alloy piece treated by the process is greatly improved, which shows that the polishing effect of the process on the aluminum alloy piece is remarkably improved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.