阅读说明：本技术 反激式开关电源及其控制方法 (Flyback switching power supply and control method thereof ) 是由 林武平 张允超 方烈义 于 2021-01-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供了一种反激式开关电源及其控制方法。该反激式开关电源包括变压器、三极管、和恒流恒压控制芯片,该恒流恒压控制芯片包括：恒流恒压控制模块,被配置为基于表征变压器的原边绕组的退磁情况的退磁感应信号和表征流过变压器的原边绕组的电流的电流感测信号,生成开关控制信号和退磁检测信号；充电控制模块,被配置为基于开关控制信号和退磁检测信号,生成分别用于驱动第一和第二场效应晶体管的导通与关断的第一和第二驱动信号。在恒流恒压控制芯片正常工作的情况下,当第一和第二场效应晶体管及三极管均处于关断状态时,流过恒流恒压控制芯片的启动电阻的电流经由充电控制模块中的充电通路对恒流恒压控制芯片的芯片供电电容充电。(Provided are a flyback switching power supply and a control method thereof. The flyback switching power supply comprises a transformer, a triode and a constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, wherein the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip comprises: the constant-current constant-voltage control module is configured to generate a switch control signal and a demagnetization detection signal based on a demagnetization induction signal representing a demagnetization condition of a primary winding of the transformer and a current sensing signal representing current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer; and the charging control module is configured to generate first and second driving signals for driving the first and second field effect transistors to be turned on and off respectively based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal. Under the condition that the constant-current constant-voltage control chip normally works, when the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor and the triode are in the turn-off state, the current flowing through the starting resistor of the constant-current constant-voltage control chip charges the chip power supply capacitor of the constant-current constant-voltage control chip through the charging path in the charging control module.)

1. The utility model provides a flyback switching power supply, includes transformer, triode and constant current constant voltage control chip, wherein, the collecting electrode of triode with the first terminal connection of the primary winding of transformer, the base with the base drive foot of constant current constant voltage control chip is connected, the projecting pole with the projecting pole drive foot of constant current constant voltage control chip is connected, the constant current constant voltage control chip includes:

the constant-current constant-voltage control module is configured to generate a switch control signal and a demagnetization detection signal based on a demagnetization induction signal representing a demagnetization condition of the primary winding of the transformer and a current sensing signal representing current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer;

a charging control module configured to generate first and second driving signals for driving on and off of first and second field effect transistors in the constant current and constant voltage control chip, respectively, based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal, wherein

And when the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor and the triode are in the off state, the current flowing through a starting resistor connected between the second terminal of the primary winding of the transformer and the base driving pin charges a chip power supply capacitor connected with a chip power supply pin of the constant-current constant-voltage control chip through a charging path in the charging control module.

2. The flyback switching power supply of claim 1, wherein the charge control module is further configured to:

generating the first driving signal for driving the first field effect transistor to be turned on and off based on the switching control signal;

and generating the second driving signal for driving the second field effect transistor to be turned on and off based on the switch control signal and the demagnetization detection signal.

3. The flyback switching power supply of claim 1, wherein the charge control module is further configured to:

and generating a charging control signal for driving the charging access in the charging control module to be switched on and off based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal.

4. The flyback switching power supply of claim 3, wherein the charge control module is further configured to:

generating a switch control delay signal by detecting a falling edge of the switch control signal;

and logically AND the switch control delay signal and the inverse signal of the demagnetization detection signal to generate the charging control signal.

5. The flyback switching power supply of claim 4, wherein the charge control module is further configured to:

the second driving signal is generated by logically anding an inverted signal of the switching control signal and an inverted signal of the charging control signal.

6. The flyback switching power supply of claim 1, wherein the transistor is in a conducting state when the first field effect transistor is in a conducting state and the second field effect transistor is in an off state under a condition that the constant current and constant voltage control chip is in a normal operating state.

7. The flyback switching power supply of claim 1, wherein, when the first and second field effect transistors are both in an off state and the transistor is in an on state with the constant current and constant voltage control chip in a startup process, a current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer charges the chip supply capacitor via the emitter drive pin and a diode connected between the emitter drive pin and the chip supply pin.

8. A control method for a flyback switching power supply comprises a transformer, a triode and a constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, wherein a collector of the triode is connected with a first terminal of a primary winding of the transformer, a base of the triode is connected with a base driving pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, an emitter of the triode is connected with an emitter driving pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, and the control method comprises the following steps:

generating a switch control signal and a demagnetization detection signal based on a demagnetization induction signal representing a demagnetization condition of a primary winding of the transformer and a current sensing signal representing a current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer;

generating first and second drive signals for driving on and off of first and second field effect transistors in the constant current and constant voltage control chip, respectively, based on the switch control signal and the demagnetization detection signal, wherein

And when the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor and the triode are in the off state, the current flowing through a starting resistor connected between the second terminal of the primary winding of the transformer and the base driving pin charges a chip power supply capacitor connected with a chip power supply pin of the constant-current constant-voltage control chip through a charging path in the charging control module.

9. The control method according to claim 8, wherein generating the first and second drive signals for driving on and off of the first and second field effect transistors, respectively, based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal comprises:

generating the first driving signal for driving the first field effect transistor to be turned on and off based on the switching control signal;

and generating the second driving signal for driving the second field effect transistor to be turned on and off based on the switch control signal and the demagnetization detection signal.

10. The control method according to claim 8, further comprising:

and generating a charging control signal for driving the charging access in the charging control module to be switched on and off based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal.

11. The control method according to claim 10, wherein generating the charging control signal for driving on and off of the charging path based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal includes:

generating a switch control delay signal by detecting a falling edge of the switch control signal;

and logically AND the switch control delay signal and the inverse signal of the demagnetization detection signal to generate the charging control signal.

12. The control method according to claim 11, wherein generating the second drive signal for driving on and off of the second field effect transistor based on the switching control signal and the demagnetization detection signal includes:

the second driving signal is generated by logically anding an inverted signal of the switching control signal and an inverted signal of the charging control signal.

13. The control method according to claim 8, wherein the transistor is in an on state when the first field effect transistor is in an on state and the second field effect transistor is in an off state in a case where the constant current and constant voltage control chip is in a normal operation state.

14. The control method of claim 8, wherein, when the first and second field effect transistors are both in an off state and the transistor is in an on state with the constant current and constant voltage control chip in a start-up process, a current flowing through a primary winding of the transformer charges the chip supply capacitor via the emitter drive pin and a diode connected between the emitter drive pin and the chip supply pin.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of circuits, in particular to a flyback switching power supply and a control method thereof.

Background

The flyback switching power supply is widely used for converting between alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) and direct current/direct current (DC/DC), and generally includes a switching tube, a transformer, a diode, and a capacitor, wherein: the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal controls the on and off of the switch tube; when the switching tube is in a conducting state, the secondary winding of the transformer generates a first induced voltage through voltages at two ends of the primary winding of the induction transformer, the first induced voltage enables the diode to be in a reverse bias state and not to be conducted, and at the moment, the electric energy stored in the capacitor provides voltage and current for the load; when the switching tube is in an off state, the secondary winding of the transformer generates a second induced voltage through voltages at two ends of the primary winding of the induction transformer, the second induced voltage enables the diode to be in a forward bias state to be conducted, and at the moment, the electric energy stored in the magnetic core of the transformer is transferred to the capacitor and the load.

Disclosure of Invention

The flyback switching power supply according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a transformer, a triode and a constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, wherein a collector of the triode is connected with a first terminal of a primary winding of the transformer, a base of the triode is connected with a base driving pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, an emitter of the triode is connected with an emitter driving pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, and the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip comprises: the constant-current constant-voltage control module is configured to generate a switch control signal and a demagnetization detection signal based on a demagnetization induction signal representing a demagnetization condition of a primary winding of the transformer and a current sensing signal representing current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer; and the charging control module is configured to generate a first driving signal and a second driving signal which are used for driving the on and off of a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor in the constant-current constant-voltage control chip respectively based on the switch control signal and the demagnetization detection signal, wherein under the condition that the constant-current constant-voltage control chip is in a normal working state, the on and off of the triode depend on the on and off of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor, and when the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor and the triode are in an off state, the current flowing through a starting resistor connected between the second terminal of the primary winding of the transformer and the base driving pin charges a chip power supply capacitor connected with a chip power supply pin of the constant-current constant-voltage control chip through a charging path in the charging control module.

According to the control method for the flyback switching power supply of the embodiment of the invention, the flyback switching power supply comprises a transformer, a triode and a constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, wherein a collector of the triode is connected with a first terminal of a primary winding of the transformer, a base of the triode is connected with a base driving pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, and an emitter of the triode is connected with an emitter driving pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip, the control method comprises the following steps: generating a switch control signal and a demagnetization detection signal based on a demagnetization induction signal representing a demagnetization condition of a primary winding of the transformer and a current sensing signal representing a current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer; and generating a first driving signal and a second driving signal which are respectively used for driving the on and off of a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor in the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip on the basis of the switch control signal and the demagnetization detection signal, wherein the on and off of the triode depend on the on and off of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor under the condition that the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip is in a normal working state, and when the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor and the triode are in an off state, the current flowing through a starting resistor connected between the second terminal of the primary winding of the transformer and the base driving pin charges a chip power supply capacitor connected with a chip power supply pin of the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip through a charging path in the charging control module.

Compared with the traditional flyback switching power supply and the control method thereof, the flyback switching power supply and the control method thereof according to the embodiment of the invention can reduce standby power and improve system efficiency.

Drawings

The invention may be better understood from the following description of specific embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 shows a system circuit diagram of a conventional transmitter-start, self-powered, primary-side controlled flyback switching power supply.

Fig. 2 shows a system circuit diagram of a flyback switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 illustrates an example circuit diagram of the charging control module shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a timing chart showing respective signals related to the charging control module when the constant current and constant voltage control chip shown in fig. 2 is in a normal operation state.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any specific configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modification, replacement or improvement of elements, components or algorithms without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.

The flyback switching power supply with the advantages of emitter stage starting, self power supply and primary side control has the advantages of simple periphery, low standby power consumption, high starting speed and the like. Fig. 1 shows a system circuit diagram of a conventional transmitter-start, self-powered, primary-side controlled flyback switching power supply 100.

In the flyback switching power supply 100 shown in fig. 1, a constant-current and constant-voltage output is realized by the constant-current and constant-voltage control chip 102. Specifically, the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 operates according to the following principle: before the flyback switching power supply 100 is powered on, because the constant-current constant-voltage control chip 102 does not supply power, the field-effect transistors MP1, MN1, M2 and the triode Q1 are all in an off state; after the flyback switching power supply 100 is powered on, Alternating Current (AC) input voltage is rectified by the rectifier bridge and then charges the BASE driving pin BASE through the starting resistor R1; as the BASE drive voltage at the BASE drive pin BASE gradually increases, the transistor Q1 changes from the off state to the on state, and a charging current I1 is generated; the charging current I1 flows from the emitter driving pin SW to the chip power supply pin VCC through the diode D1 to charge the chip power supply capacitor Cvcc, and the voltage VCC on the chip power supply capacitor Cvcc continuously rises; when the voltage VCC of the chip supply capacitor Cvcc is higher than the working threshold of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102, the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 starts to work.

When the constant-current constant-voltage control chip 102 is in a normal operating state, the constant-current constant-voltage control module 1022 generates driving signals pgate and ngate based on the demagnetization sensing signal at the voltage feedback pin FB and the current sensing signal at the current sensing pin CS to respectively drive the field effect transistors MP1 and MN1 to be turned on and off. When the field effect transistor MP1 is in the on state and the field effect transistor MN1 is in the off state, the transistor Q1 is in the on state, and the transformer T stores energy; when the fet MP1 is in the off state and the fet MN1 is in the on state, the transistor Q1 is in the off state, and the energy stored in the transformer T is transferred from the primary winding Np of the transformer T to the secondary winding Ns of the transformer T by coupling, while the auxiliary winding N of the transformer T is in the on state_AUXThe demagnetization sensing signal is generated by the demagnetization signal of the primary winding Np of the induction transformer T and transmitted to the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 through the voltage feedback pin FB, so as to realize the closed-loop control of the flyback switching power supply 100.

In the flyback switching power supply 100 shown in fig. 1, during demagnetization of the primary winding Np of the transformer T, the field effect transistor MN1 is in an on state and the transistor Q1 is in an off state. At this time, a loss current I2 to ground is generated due to the presence of the starting resistor R1. In the process that the load of the flyback switching power supply 100 gradually decreases and enters a light load state or a no-load state, the time that the triode Q1 is in the off state becomes longer, and the power loss generated by the starting resistor R1 becomes more and more obvious, so that the standby power consumption of the flyback switching power supply 100 is remarkably increased, and the system efficiency is reduced. If the resistance of the starting resistor R1 is increased, the starting time of the flyback switching power supply 100 after power-on becomes longer, and it is difficult to meet the specification.

Fig. 2 shows a system circuit diagram of the flyback switching power supply 100' according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, similar to the flyback switching power supply 100, the flyback switching power supply 100 'includes a transformer T, a transistor Q1, and a constant current and constant voltage control chip 102', wherein a collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to a first terminal of a primary winding Np of the transformer T, a BASE of the transistor Q1 is connected to a BASE driving pin BASE of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 ', and an emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to an emitter driving pin SW of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102'; the flyback switching power supply 100 'differs from the flyback switching power supply 100 in that the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102' includes a charging control module 1024 in addition to the constant current and constant voltage control module 1022.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the constant current and constant voltage control module 1022 may be configured to generate the switch control signal pwm and the demagnetization detection signal dem based on a demagnetization sensing signal (i.e., a voltage signal at the voltage feedback pin FB of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 ') indicating a demagnetization condition of the primary winding Np of the transformer T and a current sensing signal (i.e., a voltage signal at the current sensing pin CS of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102') indicating a current flowing through the primary winding Np of the transformer T; the charging control module 1024 may be configured to generate first and second driving signals pgate and ngate for driving on and off of the first and second field effect transistors MP1 and MN1 in the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102', respectively, based on the switching control signal pwm and the demagnetization detection signal dem.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, in the case where the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 ' is in the normal operation state, the transistor Q1 is turned on and off depending on the turn-on and turn-off of the first and second field effect transistors MP1 and MN1, and when the first and second field effect transistors MP1, MN1 and the transistor Q1 are all in the off state, the current I2 flowing through the starting resistor R1 connected between the second terminal of the primary winding Np of the transformer T and the BASE driving pin BASE of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 ' charges the chip supply capacitor Cvcc connected to the chip supply pin VCC of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 ' via the charging path in the charging control module 1024. Here, since the current flowing through the starting resistor R1 is used to charge the chip supply capacitor Cvcc when the transistor Q1 is in the off state, the standby power of the flyback switching power supply 100' according to the embodiment of the present invention is reduced and the system efficiency is improved, compared to the conventional flyback switching power supply 100.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the charging control module 1024 may be further configured to generate a third driving signal ngate2 for driving on and off of the third field effect transistor M2 in the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102' based on the switching control signal pwm and the demagnetization detection signal dem. In the starting process of the flyback switching power supply 100 ', before the voltage on the chip power supply capacitor Cvcc reaches the working threshold of the constant-current constant-voltage control chip 102', the first to third field-effect transistors MP1, MN1 and M2 are all in the off state; the AC input voltage is rectified by a rectifier bridge and then charges a BASE driving pin BASE through a starting resistor R1; as the BASE drive voltage at the BASE drive pin BASE gradually increases, the transistor Q1 changes from the off state to the on state, and a charging current I1 flowing through the primary winding Np of the transformer T is generated; the charging current I1 charges the chip supply capacitor Cvcc via the emitter drive pin SW and a diode D1 connected between the emitter drive pin SW and the chip supply pin VCC, and the voltage on the chip supply capacitor Cvcc gradually rises; when the voltage on the chip power supply capacitor Cvcc is higher than the working threshold of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102 ', the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102' starts to work normally.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, in the case where the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102' is in the normal operation state, when the first field effect transistor MP1 is in the on state and the second field effect transistor MN1 is in the off state, the transistor Q1 is in the on state; when the first field-effect transistor MP1 changes from the on state to the off state and the second field-effect transistor MN1 changes from the off state to the on state, the transistor Q1 changes from the on state to the off state; after the transistor Q1 changes from the on state to the off state for a while, the second fet MN1 changes from the on state to the off state, i.e., the first and second fets MP1 and MN1 and the transistor Q1 are both in the off state.

Fig. 3 illustrates an example circuit diagram of the charging control module 1024 shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 3, the charging control module 1024 may be further configured to: generating a first driving signal pgate for driving on and off of the first field effect transistor MP1 based on the switch control signal pwm; generating second and third driving signals ngate and ngate2 for driving the second and third field effect transistors MN1 and M2 to be turned on and off, respectively, based on the switching control signal pwm and the demagnetization detection signal dem; and generates a charging control signal charge for driving on and off of a charging path in the charging control module 1024 based on the switching control signal pwm and the demagnetization detection signal dem. For example, the charging control module 1024 may be further configured to generate the second driving signal ngate by logically anding an inverted signal of the switching control signal pwm with an inverted signal of the charging control signal charge; and using an inverted signal of the charge control signal charge as the third drive signal ngate 2.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the resistor R5, the field effect transistors MP2 and MP3, and the resistor R6 form a charging path for charging the chip supply capacitor Cvcc; when the field effect transistors MP2 and MP3 are in a conducting state, the BASE driving pin BASE is connected to the chip power supply pin VCC, and the current I2 on the starting resistor R1 charges the chip power supply capacitor Cvcc connected to the chip power supply pin VCC through the BASE driving pin BASE; the field effect transistors MN3 and MN2 and the resistors R7 and R8 are control circuits for controlling the on and off of the field effect transistors MP2 and MP 3; the field effect transistors MP4 and MN5, the current source I0, the capacitor C2, and the comparator comp1 constitute a delay circuit, and generate a switch control delay signal pwm _ d based on the switch control signal pwm; the inverters INV1, INV2, INV3 AND the AND gates AND2, AND3 constitute a timing control circuit, AND generate the first to third driving signals pgate, ngate2 AND the charging control signal charge.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the operation of the charging control module 1024 includes: generating a switch control delay signal pwm _ d by detecting a falling edge of the switch control signal pwm; generating a charging control signal charge by logically AND-ing a switch control delay signal pwm _ d and an inverted signal of a demagnetization detection signal dem; when the charge control signal charge is low level, the field effect transistors MN2 and MN3 are in an off state, the resistors R7 and R8 respectively short-circuit the gates of the field effect transistors MP3 and MP2 to the sources, so that the voltage difference between the gate voltage and the source voltage of the field effect transistors MP3 and MP2 is smaller than their on threshold, so that the field effect transistors MP2 and MP3 are in an off state, and the charging path for charging the chip supply capacitor Cvcc is in an off state; during the off state of the transistor Q1, after a fixed time delay from the high level to the low level of the switching control signal pwm, the charging control signal charge changes from the low level to the high level, and at the same time, the second and third driving signals ngate and ngate2 change from the high level to the low level, and the second and third field effect transistors MN1 and M2 change from the on state to the off state; when the charge control signal charge is at a high level, the field effect transistors MN2 and MN3 are in an on state, and meanwhile, due to the existence of the resistors R7 and R8, a voltage drop is generated between the gates and the sources of the field effect transistors MP2 and MP3, and the voltage drop can be larger than the on threshold of the field effect transistors MP2 and MP3 by selecting appropriate resistance values of R7 and R8, so that the field effect transistors MP3 and MP2 are changed from an off state to an on state; when the field effect transistors MP3 and MP2 are in the on state, the BASE driving pin BASE is connected to the chip supply pin VCC, so that the current I2 on the starting resistor R1 flows to the chip supply pin VCC through the BASE driving pin BASE to charge the chip supply capacitor Cvcc.

Fig. 4 is a timing chart showing various signals related to the charging control module 1024 when the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102' shown in fig. 2 is in a normal operation state. As shown in fig. 4, when the switch control signal pwm is at a high level, the first and second driving signals pgate and ngate are at a low level, the third driving signal ngate2 is at a high level, the first and third field effect transistors MP1 and M2 are in an on state, the second field effect transistor MN1 is in an off state, the BASE driving voltage at the BASE driving pin BASE is at a high level, the transistor Q1 is in an on state, and the primary winding of the transformer stores energy. When the switch control signal pwm is at a low level, the first and second driving signals pgate and ngate are at a high level, the first field effect transistor MP1 is in an off state, the second field effect transistor MN1 is in an on state, the BASE driving signal at the BASE driving pin BASE is at a low level, and the transistor Q1 is in an off state. When the transistor Q1 is in the off state, after a fixed time delay elapses after the switching control signal pwm changes from the high level to the low level, and when the demagnetization detection signal dem changes from the high level to the low level, the charging control signal charge changes from the low level to the high level, and the charging path for charging the chip supply capacitor Cvcc changes from the off state to the on state; when the charging control signal charge is at a high level, the first driving signal pgate is at a high level, the second and third driving signals ngate and ngate2 are at a low level, and the first to third field effect transistors MP1, MN1, and M2 are all in an off state, and at this time, the current I2 on the starting resistor R1 can flow to the chip supply pin VCC through the charging path in the charging control module 1024 via the BASE driving pin BASE to charge the chip supply capacitor Cvcc. Here, since the current I2 flowing through the starting resistor R1 is used to charge the chip supply capacitor Cvcc, the flyback switching power supply 100' has lower standby power consumption and higher system efficiency than the flyback switching power supply 100.

In the flyback switching power supply 100 'according to the embodiment of the present invention, after a certain time delay occurs when the transistor Q1 changes from the on state to the off state, the field effect transistor MN1 changes from the on state to the off state, and the current I2 on the starting resistor R1 charges the chip supply capacitor Cvcc connected to the chip supply pin VCC, so that the current I2 is stored on the chip supply capacitor Cvcc to supply power to the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102', thereby generating no additional power loss. Therefore, the start-up time of the constant current and constant voltage control chip 102' can be increased by decreasing the resistance value of the start-up resistor R1 without loss of power consumption and without increasing standby power consumption.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. For example, the algorithms described in the specific embodiments may be modified without departing from the basic spirit of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.