阅读说明：本技术 一种用于加工发动机缸盖座圈导管的液压镗头 (Hydraulic boring head for machining guide pipe of engine cylinder cover seat ring ) 是由 孙波 张浩钧 赵河 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供了一种镗头,用于夹持加工发动机缸盖的刀具,所述镗头包括芯轴；刀具导套,其用于穿设所述刀具并对所述刀具进行限位；液压夹持机构,其容置在所述芯轴的中心,用于夹持所述刀具,所述芯轴转动进给带动液压夹持机构转动进给,从而带动刀具在所述刀具导套中转动进给以加工发动机缸盖。本申请采用液压机构对刀具进行固定,解决了现有技术中采用侧压螺钉对刀具进行固定所导致的刀具跳动大的问题。并且,本申请的镗头只设置一个芯轴导套,解决了现有技术中采用多个芯轴导套所导致的刀具行进基准不统一的问题。(The application provides a boring head, which is used for clamping a cutter for machining an engine cylinder cover and comprises a mandrel; the cutter guide sleeve is used for penetrating the cutter and limiting the cutter; and the hydraulic clamping mechanism is accommodated in the center of the mandrel and used for clamping the cutter, and the mandrel rotates and feeds to drive the hydraulic clamping mechanism to rotate and feed so as to drive the cutter to rotate and feed in the cutter guide sleeve to process an engine cylinder cover. This application adopts hydraulic pressure mechanism to fix the cutter, has solved among the prior art and has adopted the side pressure screw to fix the cutter that leads to and beat big problem. Moreover, the boring head is only provided with the mandrel guide sleeve, and the problem that the advancing reference of the cutter is not uniform due to the fact that a plurality of mandrel guide sleeves are adopted in the prior art is solved.)

1. A hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine cylinder head, for holding a tool for machining the engine cylinder head, the boring head comprising:

a mandrel;

the cutter guide sleeve is used for penetrating the cutter and limiting the cutter;

and the hydraulic clamping mechanism is accommodated in the center of the mandrel and used for clamping the cutter, and the mandrel rotates and feeds to drive the hydraulic clamping mechanism to rotate and feed so as to drive the cutter to rotate and feed in the cutter guide sleeve to process a guide pipe hole of a seat ring of an engine cylinder cover.

2. The hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic clamping mechanism comprises a clamping section configured as a hollow structure, an inner cavity of the clamping section is configured to receive a tool, a cavity wall of the clamping section is configured with a cavity for receiving hydraulic oil, and when pressure is applied to the inside of the cavity, the hydraulic oil inside the cavity applies pressure to the inner wall of the clamping section to deform the inner wall of the clamping section, thereby clamping the tool.

3. The hydraulic boring head for machining a duct for a seat ring of an engine head as claimed in claim 2 wherein the entrance to the cavity is provided with a movable closure which can be moved to adjust the pressure inside the cavity.

4. The hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine head as set forth in claim 3 wherein the block piece is an adjusting screw.

5. The hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine head as set forth in claim 2, further comprising an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the coaxiality of the tool guide sleeve and the mandrel.

6. The hydraulic boring head for machining a guide pipe of a seat ring of an engine cylinder head as claimed in claim 5, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a hollow adjusting seat, a first end of the adjusting seat penetrates through the tool guide sleeve, an end surface of a second end of the adjusting seat is concentrically connected with the adapter through at least two adjusting columns, and the adjusting column is adjusted to adjust the position relation between the adjusting seat and the adapter, so that the coaxiality of the tool guide sleeve and the mandrel is adjusted.

7. The hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine head as set forth in claim 6 wherein the end face of the second end of the adjustment seat is configured to be circular.

8. The hydraulic boring head for machining the guide pipe of the seat ring of the engine cylinder head as claimed in claim 7, wherein the adjusting columns are adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second end face of the adjusting seat.

9. The hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine head as set forth in claim 1, further including a mandrel guide for guiding the mandrel.

10. The hydraulic boring head for machining a conduit for a seat ring of an engine head as claimed in claim 1 further comprising an adapter sleeved on the outside of the mandrel.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engine manufacturing, in particular to a hydraulic boring head for machining a guide pipe of a seat ring of an engine cylinder cover.

Background

In the processing of engine cylinder head seat circle hole and pipe hole, in order to guarantee the requirement of beating of seat circle hole and pipe hole (generally require the degree of beating in 0.075 mm), seat circle hole boring cutter and pipe hole cutter usually can design on a dabber, with seat circle hole and pipe hole one shot forming, guarantee the concentricity in seat circle hole and pipe hole, and then guarantee the leakproofness of valve to the cylinder body combustion chamber. However, the design method has high requirements on the structure of the cutter, and the manufacturing difficulty of the cutter is increased.

In the existing processing of a seat ring hole and a guide pipe hole of an engine cylinder cover, a mode that a seat ring hole boring cutter and a guide pipe hole cutter are designed on a mandrel and the seat ring hole and the guide pipe hole are processed and formed at one time is adopted, but the processing mode often has the phenomena that the processed hole is irregular, the roundness does not accord with the standard, and sometimes even the processed hole is triangular or irregular. The reasons for this are the following three points: 1) the cutter is fixed by adopting a side pressing screw, and the side pressing screw enables the cutter to deviate from the rotating center of the mandrel, so that the cutter has large bounce; 2) the guide pipe hole cutter has more constraint surfaces in the feeding process, and the advancing reference of the guide pipe hole cutter is not uniform due to the coaxiality among the constraint surfaces; 3) the tool-to-tool clamp is too long, making the tool extremely unstable during machining.

Therefore, a boring head for holding a tool is needed to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a new structure boring head, which rearranges the structure and the high precision hydraulic system to clamp the tool, for solving all or part of the above technical problems.

The application provides a hydraulic boring head for processing engine cylinder lid seat circle pipe for the cutter of centre gripping processing engine cylinder lid, the boring head includes:

a mandrel;

the cutter guide sleeve is used for penetrating the cutter and limiting the cutter;

and the hydraulic clamping mechanism is accommodated in the center of the mandrel and used for clamping the cutter, and the mandrel rotates and feeds to drive the hydraulic clamping mechanism to rotate and feed so as to drive the cutter to rotate and feed in the cutter guide sleeve to process a guide pipe hole of a seat ring of an engine cylinder cover.

In one embodiment, the hydraulic clamping mechanism comprises a clamping section which is of a hollow structure, an inner cavity of the clamping section is used for accommodating a tool, a cavity wall of the clamping section is provided with a cavity for accommodating hydraulic oil, and when pressure is applied to the inside of the cavity, the hydraulic oil in the cavity applies pressure to the inner wall of the clamping section to deform the inner wall of the clamping section, so that the tool is clamped.

In one embodiment, the entrance to the cavity is provided with a movable closure, which is capable of regulating the pressure inside the cavity.

In one embodiment, the closure is an adjusting screw.

In one embodiment, the tool guide sleeve further comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the coaxiality of the tool guide sleeve and the mandrel.

In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism includes a hollow adjusting seat, a first end of the adjusting seat penetrates through the cutter guide sleeve, an end surface of a second end of the adjusting seat is concentrically connected to the adapter through at least two adjusting columns, and the adjusting seat and the adapter can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting columns to adjust a position relationship therebetween, so that coaxiality of the cutter guide sleeve and the mandrel is adjusted.

In one embodiment, the end face of the second end of the adjustment seat is configured in a circular shape.

In one embodiment, the adjusting posts are adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second end surface of the adjusting seat.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a mandrel guide sleeve for guiding the mandrel.

In one embodiment, the adapter further comprises an adapter, and the adapter is sleeved outside the mandrel.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:

1) this application adopts hydraulic pressure mechanism to carry out the centre gripping to the cutter fixed, has solved among the prior art and has adopted the side pressure screw to fix the cutter that leads to and beat big problem.

2) Only one mandrel guide sleeve is arranged, and the problem that the advancing reference of the cutter is not uniform due to the fact that a plurality of mandrel guide sleeves are adopted in the prior art is solved.

The features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the invention is achieved.

Drawings

The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a boring head according to the prior art (front end part of the boring head).

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram two of a boring head according to the prior art.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram three of a boring head according to the prior art (front end part of the boring head).

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the machining structure of the seat ring hole and the conduit hole which are required to be machined.

Fig. 5 shows the roundness detection results of the cylinder head ring hole machined by using the boring head clamping tool shown in fig. 1 to 3.

Figure 6 shows a cross-section of a boring head according to the present application (with a tool clamped).

Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a boring head according to the present application (shown with a blanking member).

Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view two of a boring head according to the present application (shown with a closure member).

Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a boring head according to the application.

Figure 10 shows an exploded view of a boring head according to the present application.

In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

The conventional machining method of the seat ring hole and the guide pipe hole is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

As described in the background of the invention, the irregular and out-of-standard roundness of the conduit or race holes of the engine head occurs for three reasons: 1) the cutter is fixed by adopting a side pressing screw, and the side pressing screw enables the cutter to deviate from the rotating center of the mandrel, so that the cutter has large bounce; 2) the guide pipe hole cutter has more constraint surfaces in the feeding process, and the advancing reference of the guide pipe hole cutter is not uniform due to the coaxiality among the constraint surfaces; 3) the tool-to-tool clamp is too long, making the tool extremely unstable during machining. The following describes the specific reasons for the above three points:

1) the cutter is fixed by a side pressing screw, and the side pressing screw enables the cutter to deviate from the rotating center of the mandrel, so that the cutter is large in jumping.

As shown in fig. 1, the conduit hole boring tool 1 and the seat ring hole boring tools 51,52 are disposed on the same adapter 403, the mandrel guide sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the mandrel 2, and the conduit hole boring tool 1 penetrates through the centers of the seat ring hole boring tools 51,52 and extends forward to machine the conduit hole of the cylinder cover 6. Among them, the race hole boring cutter 51 is used for machining a chamfer 201 (see fig. 4) of the race hole 200, and the race hole boring cutter 52 is used for machining side walls and a bottom wall of the race hole 200. The pipe hole cutter 1 is fastened by a side pressure screw 3 in such a manner that the pipe hole cutter 1 is offset from the rotation center of the mandrel 2, so that the pipe hole cutter 1 is likely to cause a problem of large runout during machining.

2) The guide pipe hole cutter 1 has more constraint surfaces in the feeding process, and the advancing reference of the guide pipe hole cutter is not uniform among a plurality of constraint surfaces due to the coaxiality problem.

As shown in fig. 2, the guide pipe hole tool 1 is constrained by the tool guide sleeve 7, the tool end mandrel guide sleeve 8, the mandrel end mandrel guide sleeve 9 and the machine tool guide sleeve 10 during the feeding process, and the concentricity between these guide sleeves needs to be kept highly consistent, so that the uniform operation reference of the guide pipe hole tool 1 can be kept during the feeding process of the guide pipe hole tool 1. Therefore, on one hand, adjusting the guide sleeves before machining to keep the coaxiality consistent is a complicated process, and on the other hand, the coaxiality between the guide sleeves is difficult to keep completely consistent, so that the running track of the cutter in the feeding process is complicated, and the straightness of the movement track of the cutter is difficult to keep. In the figure, the reference plane for starting the machining of the cylinder head 6 is the D-plane, and the reference plane for finishing the machining is the C-plane.

3) The tool-to-tool clamp is too long, making the tool extremely unstable during machining.

As shown in FIG. 3, first, the length L1 of the catheter hole cutter 1 was 295mm, and the aspect ratio was 47 times. Secondly, the distance L3 between the processing end face of the cylinder cover 6 and the end face of the cutter end mandrel guide sleeve 8 is 298.5 mm. Thirdly, the distance L2 between the end surface of the cutter guide sleeve 7 and the end surface of the mandrel bearing is 212.5 mm. The length of the pipe hole cutter 1 itself and the holding portion holding the pipe hole cutter 1 are excessively long, so that the pipe hole cutter 1 is extremely unstable in the feeding and processing processes.

In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present application provides a novel boring head for clamping a tool to solve all or part of the above technical problems.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a conduit hole 100 and a seat ring hole 200 of an engine cylinder head to be machined, and as shown in fig. 4, the reference numeral 100 indicates a conduit hole, the reference numeral 200 indicates a seat ring hole 200, the reference numeral 201 indicates a chamfer of the seat ring hole 200, and L1 indicates a hole depth of the machined conduit hole 100.

Fig. 5 shows the detection result of the seat ring hole 200 of the engine cylinder head processed by the existing method, which is the hole circularity measured by a three-coordinate device, and the hole circularity is basically between 0.05 mm and 0.16mm, which does not meet the processing requirement of the seat ring hole of the engine cylinder head.

Fig. 6 shows a boring head 1000 according to the invention, which boring head 1000 is used for the precise clamping of a tool for machining an engine cylinder head 6, the boring head 1000 comprising a mandrel 2, a tool guide sleeve 7 and a hydraulic clamping mechanism 300.

The cutter guide sleeve 7 is used for penetrating a cutter and limiting the cutter, and the cutter is a guide pipe hole cutter 1. The hydraulic clamping mechanism 300 is accommodated in the center of the mandrel 2 and used for clamping a tool, and the mandrel 2 rotates and feeds to drive the hydraulic clamping mechanism 300 to rotate and feed, so that the tool is driven to rotate and feed in the tool guide sleeve 7 to process the guide pipe hole 6 of the engine cylinder cover seat ring.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 7 and 8, the hydraulic clamping mechanism 300 comprises a clamping section configured as a hollow structure, the inner cavity of the clamping section is used for accommodating the catheter hole cutter 1, the cavity wall of the clamping section is configured with a cavity 302 for accommodating hydraulic oil, when the movable blocking piece 303 applies pressure to the inside of the cavity 302, the hydraulic oil inside the cavity 302 applies pressure to the inner wall of the clamping section of the hollow structure to deform the inner wall of the clamping section, so as to clamp the catheter hole cutter 1. The inner wall of the clamping section is made of steel and is thin so as to be capable of deforming under the action of hydraulic oil.

Wherein the inlet of the cavity 302 is provided with a movable closure 303, which is capable of regulating the pressure inside the cavity 302. The blocking piece 303 may be an adjusting screw, which is an M8 hydraulic tightening screw. The hydraulic oil in the cavity 302 can be compressed by tightening the screw with the wrench 304, and the compressed hydraulic oil transmits pressure to deform the inner wall 303 of the clamping section, thereby holding the conduit boring tool 1 tightly.

Preferably, the boring head according to the present application further comprises an adjustment mechanism 400, the adjustment mechanism 400 being used for adjusting the coaxiality of the tool guide 7 and the mandrel 2. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the adjusting mechanism 400 includes a hollow adjusting seat 401, a first end of the adjusting seat 401 penetrates through the cutter guide sleeve 7, an end surface of a second end is concentrically connected to an adapter 403 through four adjusting screws 402 (the adapter 403 is sleeved outside the spindle 2), and the adjusting screw 402 can be adjusted to adjust a position relationship between the adjusting seat 401 and the adapter 403, so as to adjust a coaxiality of the cutter guide sleeve 7 and the spindle 2. In this embodiment, the end surface of the second end of the adjustment seat 401 is configured to be circular. And the adjusting screws are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the second end face of the adjusting seat 401.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the boring head 1000 further comprises a mandrel guide 404, the mandrel guide 404 being used to guide the mandrel 2. In this embodiment, only one mandrel guide 404 is provided, and the mandrel guide 404 has a length longer than that of the tool end mandrel guide 8 and the mandrel end mandrel guide 9 (shown in fig. 2) in the prior art, and the tool end mandrel guide 8 and the mandrel end mandrel guide 9 are integrated into one, so that the constraint surface is reduced, and the risk of non-uniform reference in the advancing process of the tool is reduced.

In summary, the present application has the following advantages: 1) this application adopts hydraulic pressure mechanism to carry out the centre gripping to the cutter fixed, has solved among the prior art and has adopted the side pressure screw to fix the cutter that leads to and beat big problem. 2) Only one mandrel guide sleeve is arranged, and the problem that the advancing reference of the cutter is not uniform due to the fact that a plurality of mandrel guide sleeves are adopted in the prior art is solved.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.