阅读说明：本技术 一种结合钢高强度和铝轻金属特性的钢铝复合板材料 (Steel-aluminum composite plate material combining high strength of steel and light metal characteristics of aluminum ) 是由 区国苑 王银专 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及钢铝复合板材料技术领域,尤其是一种结合钢高强度和铝轻金属特性的钢铝复合板材料,它包括钢板和铝板,所述钢板和铝板通过高温热压后再冷轧制得,本发明的钢铝复合板材料通过对钢板和铝板进行热压复合、冷轧复合和进行两次热处理,提高钢铝复合板材料的结合强度和强度的均匀性,且钢铝复合板材料的铝层的厚度控制精度高,表面平整,不会发生铝层脱落的现象。(The invention relates to the technical field of steel-aluminum composite board materials, in particular to a steel-aluminum composite board material combining high strength of steel and light metal characteristics of aluminum, which comprises a steel plate and an aluminum plate, wherein the steel plate and the aluminum plate are prepared by hot pressing at high temperature and then rolling.)

1. The steel-aluminum composite plate material combining the high strength of steel and the light metal characteristic of aluminum comprises a steel plate and an aluminum plate, wherein the steel plate and the aluminum plate are prepared by hot pressing at high temperature and then rolling, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting materials: selecting a steel plate and an aluminum plate as materials for preparing a steel plate blank and an aluminum plate blank;

s2, preparing a plate blank: carrying out large stripping on the steel, wherein the stripping width is the preset stripping width plus 40mm-300mm, and preparing a steel slab; carrying out hot rolling on the aluminum material to prepare an aluminum slab with a certain thickness, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 300-400 ℃;

s3, surface treatment and cleaning: removing oil stains and oxide layers on the surfaces of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank and then cleaning;

s4, hot-pressing compounding: aligning, clinging to the layered stack of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank, and putting the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank into a hot-pressing device, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the steel-aluminum composite plate blank is obtained through hot-pressing compounding, and the reduction rate is 20-40%;

s5, cold rolling: cold rolling the steel-aluminum composite plate blank obtained in the step S4 by using a flat roller binder to obtain a cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate, wherein the cold rolling speed is 0.05-3 m/S, and the rolling reduction rate is 20-40%;

s6, trimming and slitting: trimming and slitting the cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate obtained in the step S5 by using a trimming device and a slitting machine according to the required size and shape to obtain a trimmed and slit steel-aluminum composite plate material;

s7, first heat treatment: carrying out first annealing process treatment on the trimmed and cut steel-aluminum composite board obtained in the step S6, wherein the annealing temperature is 500-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 40-50 h, so as to obtain a steel-aluminum composite board material subjected to first heat treatment;

s8, second heat treatment: carrying out secondary annealing process treatment on the steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the primary heat treatment obtained in the step S7 to obtain a steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the secondary heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200-250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-30 h;

s9, flattening the plate: and (3) straightening the steel-aluminum composite board subjected to the second heat treatment by using a roller type board straightening machine to obtain the steel-aluminum composite board material with high bonding strength and flat breadth.

S10, finished product inspection: and (4) detecting the various performances of the steel-aluminum composite board obtained in the step S9, such as size, shape, flatness, thickness, peeling strength, quality and the like by using a detection instrument, and packaging the qualified steel-aluminum composite board to obtain a finished product of the steel-aluminum composite board material.

2. A steel aluminium composite plate material combining steel high strength and aluminium light metal properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, after removing the oxide layer and grease on the surface to be composited of the steel plate and the aluminum plate by using a mechanical polishing method, cleaning the surface by using an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and drying the surface by using a blowing device.

3. A steel aluminium composite plate material combining steel high strength and aluminium light metal properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, an electrochemical corrosion method is used to remove oxide layers and grease on the surfaces to be composited of the steel plate and the aluminum plate, and then the surfaces are cleaned with alcohol and distilled water and dried for later use.

4. A steel aluminium composite sheet material combining steel high strength and aluminium light metal properties according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that: the heating rate in the steps S7 and S8 is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of steel-aluminum composite board materials, in particular to a steel-aluminum composite board material combining high strength of steel and light metal characteristics of aluminum.

Background

The metal laminated composite material is a composite material prepared by two or more metals through a corresponding composite process, and the component materials are distributed in a laminated manner, and certain components are not uniformly dispersed in other components. In the layered composite material, each component fully exerts its different properties, so that the composite material has more and better properties and lower cost.

The steel-aluminum composite plate material is widely applied due to the combination of the high strength of steel and the light metal characteristic of aluminum, but most of the existing steel-aluminum composite plate materials are prepared by an explosion cladding method or a method of plating aluminum on a steel plate, the cladding ratio of the explosion cladding method cannot be controlled, the thickness control precision of a composite aluminum layer is low, the thickness fluctuation is large, and the interface bonding strength of the composite plate is uneven; the aluminum layer formed by aluminizing the steel plate is thin, the thickness control precision is not enough, the surface quality is difficult to control, the interface bonding strength of the composite plate is low, and the aluminum layer is easy to fall off in a welding mode.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a steel-aluminum composite plate material that can overcome the above-mentioned defects, improve the interface bonding strength of the composite plate, and avoid the aluminum layer from falling off.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the steel-aluminum composite plate material which can combine the high strength of steel and the characteristics of aluminum light metal, has accurate aluminum layer thickness and high interface bonding strength and is not easy to cause aluminum layer falling phenomenon.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the steel-aluminum composite plate material combining the high strength of steel and the light metal characteristic of aluminum comprises a steel plate and an aluminum plate, wherein the steel plate and the aluminum plate are prepared by hot pressing at high temperature and then rolling, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting materials: selecting a steel plate and an aluminum plate as materials for preparing a steel plate blank and an aluminum plate blank;

s2, preparing a plate blank: carrying out large stripping on the steel, wherein the stripping width is the preset stripping width plus 40mm-300mm, and preparing a steel slab; carrying out hot rolling on the aluminum material to prepare an aluminum slab with a certain thickness, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 300-400 ℃;

s3, surface treatment and cleaning: removing oil stains and oxide layers on the surfaces of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank and then cleaning;

s4, hot-pressing compounding: aligning, clinging to the layered stack of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank, and putting the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank into a hot-pressing device, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the steel-aluminum composite plate blank is obtained through hot-pressing compounding, and the reduction rate is 20-40%;

s5, cold rolling: cold rolling the steel-aluminum composite plate blank obtained in the step S4 by using a flat roller binder to obtain a cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate, wherein the cold rolling speed is 0.05-3 m/S, and the rolling reduction rate is 20-40%;

s6, trimming and slitting: trimming and slitting the cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate obtained in the step S5 by using a trimming device and a slitting machine according to the required size and shape to obtain a trimmed and slit steel-aluminum composite plate material;

s7, first heat treatment: carrying out first annealing process treatment on the trimmed and cut steel-aluminum composite board obtained in the step S6, wherein the annealing temperature is 500-600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 40-50 h, so as to obtain a steel-aluminum composite board material subjected to first heat treatment;

s8, second heat treatment: carrying out secondary annealing process treatment on the steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the primary heat treatment obtained in the step S7 to obtain a steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the secondary heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200-250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-30 h;

s9, flattening the plate: and (3) straightening the steel-aluminum composite board subjected to the second heat treatment by using a roller type board straightening machine to obtain the steel-aluminum composite board material with high bonding strength and flat breadth.

S10, finished product inspection: and (4) detecting the various performances of the steel-aluminum composite plate material obtained in the step S9, such as size, shape, flatness, thickness, peeling strength, quality and the like by using a detection instrument, and packaging the qualified steel-aluminum composite plate material to obtain a finished steel-aluminum composite plate material.

Further, in step S4, after removing the oxide layer and grease on the surface to be composited of the steel plate and the aluminum plate by using a mechanical polishing method, cleaning the surface by using an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and drying the surface by using a blowing device.

In another preferred embodiment, in step S4, the oxide layer and grease on the surface to be combined of the steel plate and the aluminum plate are removed by electrochemical etching, and then the steel plate and the aluminum plate are cleaned with alcohol and distilled water and dried for use.

Further, the heating rate in the steps S7 and S8 is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the steel-aluminum composite plate material, the steel plate and the aluminum plate are subjected to hot-pressing compounding, cold-rolling compounding and twice heat treatment, so that the bonding strength and the strength uniformity of the steel-aluminum composite plate material are improved, the thickness control precision of the aluminum layer of the steel-aluminum composite plate material is high, the surface is flat, and the phenomenon that the aluminum layer falls off is avoided.

Detailed Description

The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention:

example 1

The steel-aluminum composite plate material combining the high strength of steel and the light metal characteristic of aluminum comprises a steel plate and an aluminum plate, wherein the steel plate and the aluminum plate are prepared by hot pressing at high temperature and then rolling, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting materials: selecting a steel plate and an aluminum plate as materials for preparing a steel plate blank and an aluminum plate blank;

s2, preparing a plate blank: carrying out large slitting on the steel, wherein the slitting width is the preset slitting width plus 40mm, and preparing a steel slab; hot rolling the aluminum material to prepare an aluminum plate blank with a certain thickness, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 300 ℃;

s3, surface treatment and cleaning: removing oil stains and oxide layers on the surfaces of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank and then cleaning;

s4, hot-pressing compounding: aligning, clinging to the layered stack of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank, and putting the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank into a hot-pressing device, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 300 ℃, and the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank are subjected to hot-pressing compounding to obtain a steel-aluminum composite plate blank, wherein the reduction rate is 20%;

s5, cold rolling: cold rolling the steel-aluminum composite plate blank obtained in the step S4 by using a flat rolling machine to obtain a cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate, wherein the cold rolling speed is 0.05m/S, and the rolling reduction rate is 20%;

s6, trimming and slitting: trimming and slitting the cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate obtained in the step S5 by using a trimming device and a slitting machine according to the required size and shape to obtain a trimmed and slit steel-aluminum composite plate material;

s7, first heat treatment: carrying out first annealing process treatment on the trimmed and cut steel-aluminum composite board obtained in the step S6, wherein the annealing temperature is 500 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 40-50 h, so as to obtain a steel-aluminum composite board material subjected to first heat treatment;

s8, second heat treatment: carrying out secondary annealing process treatment on the steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the primary heat treatment obtained in the step S7 to obtain a steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the secondary heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20 hours;

s9, flattening the plate: and (3) straightening the steel-aluminum composite board subjected to the second heat treatment by using a roller type board straightening machine to obtain the steel-aluminum composite board material with high bonding strength and flat breadth.

S10, finished product inspection: and (4) detecting the various performances of the steel-aluminum composite plate material obtained in the step S9, such as size, shape, flatness, thickness, peeling strength, quality and the like by using a detection instrument, and packaging the qualified steel-aluminum composite plate material to obtain a finished steel-aluminum composite plate material.

Further, in step S4, after removing the oxide layer and grease on the surface to be composited of the steel plate and the aluminum plate by using a mechanical polishing method, cleaning the surface by using an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and drying the surface by using a blowing device.

Further, the temperature increase rate at the time of heating in steps S7 and S8 was 80 ℃.

Example 2

The steel-aluminum composite plate material combining the high strength of steel and the light metal characteristic of aluminum comprises a steel plate and an aluminum plate, wherein the steel plate and the aluminum plate are prepared by hot pressing at high temperature and then rolling, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting materials: selecting a steel plate and an aluminum plate as materials for preparing a steel plate blank and an aluminum plate blank;

s2, preparing a plate blank: carrying out large slitting on the steel, wherein the slitting width is 180mm, and preparing a steel slab; carrying out hot rolling on the aluminum material to prepare an aluminum plate blank with a certain thickness, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 350 ℃;

s3, surface treatment and cleaning: removing oil stains and oxide layers on the surfaces of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank and then cleaning;

s4, hot-pressing compounding: aligning, clinging to the layered stack of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank, and putting the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank into a hot-pressing device, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the steel-aluminum composite plate blank is obtained through hot-pressing compounding, and the reduction rate is 30%;

s5, cold rolling: cold rolling the steel-aluminum composite plate blank obtained in the step S4 by using a flat rolling machine to obtain a cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate, wherein the cold rolling speed is 2m/S, and the rolling reduction rate is 30%;

s6, trimming and slitting: trimming and slitting the cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate obtained in the step S5 by using a trimming device and a slitting machine according to the required size and shape to obtain a trimmed and slit steel-aluminum composite plate material;

s7, first heat treatment: carrying out first annealing process treatment on the trimmed and cut steel-aluminum composite board obtained in the step S6, wherein the annealing temperature is 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 48h, so as to obtain a steel-aluminum composite board material subjected to first heat treatment;

s8, second heat treatment: carrying out secondary annealing process treatment on the steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the primary heat treatment obtained in the step S7 to obtain a steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the secondary heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 220 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 24 hours;

s9, flattening the plate: and (3) straightening the steel-aluminum composite board subjected to the second heat treatment by using a roller type board straightening machine to obtain the steel-aluminum composite board material with high bonding strength and flat breadth.

S10, finished product inspection: and (4) detecting the various performances of the steel-aluminum composite plate material obtained in the step S9, such as size, shape, flatness, thickness, peeling strength, quality and the like by using a detection instrument, and packaging the qualified steel-aluminum composite plate material to obtain a finished steel-aluminum composite plate material.

Further, in step S4, after removing the oxide layer and grease on the surface to be composited of the steel plate and the aluminum plate by using a mechanical polishing method, cleaning the surface by using an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and drying the surface by using a blowing device.

Further, the temperature increase rate at the time of heating in steps S7 and S8 was 90 ℃.

Example 3

The steel-aluminum composite plate material combining the high strength of steel and the light metal characteristic of aluminum comprises a steel plate and an aluminum plate, wherein the steel plate and the aluminum plate are prepared by hot pressing at high temperature and then rolling, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting materials: selecting a steel plate and an aluminum plate as materials for preparing a steel plate blank and an aluminum plate blank;

s2, preparing a plate blank: carrying out large slitting on the steel, wherein the slitting width is 300mm, and preparing into a steel slab; hot rolling the aluminum material to prepare an aluminum plate blank with a certain thickness, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 400 ℃;

s3, surface treatment and cleaning: removing oil stains and oxide layers on the surfaces of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank and then cleaning;

s4, hot-pressing compounding: aligning, clinging to the layered stack of the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank, and putting the steel plate blank and the aluminum plate blank into a hot-pressing device, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 300-500 ℃, and the steel-aluminum composite plate blank is obtained through hot-pressing compounding, and the reduction rate is 40%;

s5, cold rolling: cold rolling the steel-aluminum composite plate blank obtained in the step S4 by using a flat rolling machine to obtain a cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate, wherein the cold rolling speed is 0.05-3 m/S, and the rolling reduction rate is 40%;

s6, trimming and slitting: trimming and slitting the cold-rolled steel-aluminum composite plate obtained in the step S5 by using a trimming device and a slitting machine according to the required size and shape to obtain a trimmed and slit steel-aluminum composite plate material;

s7, first heat treatment: carrying out first annealing process treatment on the trimmed and cut steel-aluminum composite board obtained in the step S6, wherein the annealing temperature is 600 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 50h, so as to obtain a steel-aluminum composite board material subjected to first heat treatment;

s8, second heat treatment: carrying out secondary annealing process treatment on the steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the primary heat treatment obtained in the step S7 to obtain a steel-aluminum composite plate subjected to the secondary heat treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30 hours;

s9, flattening the plate: and (3) straightening the steel-aluminum composite board subjected to the second heat treatment by using a roller type board straightening machine to obtain the steel-aluminum composite board material with high bonding strength and flat breadth.

S10, finished product inspection: and (4) detecting the various performances of the steel-aluminum composite plate material obtained in the step S9, such as size, shape, flatness, thickness, peeling strength, quality and the like by using a detection instrument, and packaging the qualified steel-aluminum composite plate material to obtain a finished steel-aluminum composite plate material.

In step S4, an electrochemical corrosion method is used to remove oxide layers and grease on the surfaces to be composited of the steel plate and the aluminum plate, and then the surfaces are cleaned with alcohol and distilled water and dried for later use.

The heating rate in the heating in steps S7 and S8 was 100 ℃.

Through the inspection of related inspection equipment, the compounded steel plate and the compounded aluminum plate are well compounded together, no aluminum layer falling phenomenon and no bubble are generated, and the compounded thickness is uniform. According to practical verification, the phenomenon that the aluminum layer is perforated and peeled off can not occur during the processes of heat treatment, flattening and the like.

The steel-aluminum composite sheet materials obtained in examples 1 to 3 were examined and the results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

	Interface bonding strength/Mpa	Tensile strength/Mpa
			Example 1	65	450
Example 2	70	460
			Example 3	68	430
Comparative example1	50	320

From the above table, the interface bonding strength and the tensile strength of the steel-aluminum composite plate materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 are all equal to or greater than 65MPa, and the tensile strength is equal to or greater than 430MPa, while the interface bonding strength and the tensile strength of the comparative example 1 are only 50MPa, and the tensile strength is only 320MPa, so that the steel-aluminum composite plate materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 have stronger interface bonding strength and tensile strength, and the interface bonding strength and the tensile strength of the steel-aluminum composite plate materials prepared in the embodiment 2 are the highest.

The foregoing embodiments and description have been presented only to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.