阅读说明：本技术 电动汽车的下坡方法、装置及车辆 (Downhill method and device of electric automobile and vehicle ) 是由 刘琳 章友京 翟皓蓉 蒋炜 王晓辉 梁长飞 沙文瀚 于 2021-01-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种电动汽车的下坡方法、装置及车辆,其中,方法包括：检测电动汽车的当前加速度；在根据当前加速度识别电动汽车处于滑行工况时,根据当前加速度和预设滑行行驶速度计算驱动电机的制动扭矩；控制驱动电机输出制动扭矩,以在回收制动能量的同时,使得电动汽车以预设滑行驶速度行驶。由此,解决了能量回收功率的大小和稳定性控制难度较高的问题,采用电驱动系统的制动能量回收能力,产生负扭矩,将车辆的动能转化为电能,储存在电池内,利用电能制动,避免了车辆动能在常规制动时转化为热能消耗时的能量损失,也增加了车辆的续航里程。(The application discloses downhill method, device and vehicle of an electric automobile, wherein the method comprises the following steps: detecting the current acceleration of the electric automobile; when the electric automobile is identified to be in a sliding working condition according to the current acceleration, calculating the braking torque of the driving motor according to the current acceleration and the preset sliding running speed; and controlling the driving motor to output the braking torque so that the electric vehicle runs at a preset slip running speed while recovering the braking energy. Therefore, the problem that the energy recovery power and the stability control difficulty are high is solved, the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system is adopted, negative torque is generated, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy which is stored in the battery, the electric energy is utilized for braking, the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is increased.)

1. A downhill method of an electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the steps of:

detecting the current acceleration of the electric automobile;

when the electric automobile is identified to be in a sliding working condition according to the current acceleration, calculating the braking torque of the driving motor according to the current acceleration and a preset sliding running speed; and

controlling the driving motor to output the braking torque so that the electric vehicle runs at the preset coasting speed while recovering braking energy.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle:

detecting whether a speed signal of the electric automobile exists or not;

and when the vehicle speed signal is detected and the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are not triggered, judging that the vehicle enters a sliding working condition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling the drive motor to output the braking torque comprises:

calculating the current gradient of the environment where the electric automobile is located according to the current acceleration;

and if the current gradient is larger than a preset threshold value, determining an enhanced value of the braking torque based on a preset gradient, and adjusting the braking torque according to the enhanced value corresponding to the current moment.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said causing the electric vehicle to travel at the preset coasting speed comprises:

detecting an actual deceleration of the electric vehicle;

and when the actual deceleration is detected to be smaller than the preset speed, the braking torque is increased by using a preset adjusting strategy until the actual deceleration is in a preset speed interval.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

generating a coasting running signal when the electric vehicle runs at the preset coasting running speed;

and carrying out sliding reminding according to the sliding running signal electric quantity sliding mark.

6. A downhill apparatus of an electric vehicle, comprising:

the detection module is used for detecting the current acceleration of the electric automobile;

the calculation module is used for calculating the braking torque of the driving motor according to the current acceleration and a preset sliding running speed when the electric automobile is identified to be in a sliding working condition according to the current acceleration; and

and the control module is used for controlling the driving motor to output the braking torque so as to enable the electric automobile to run at the preset coasting speed while recovering braking energy.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein prior to detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle, the detection module further comprises:

the first detection unit is used for detecting whether a speed signal of the electric automobile exists or not;

and the judging unit is used for judging that the vehicle enters a sliding working condition when the vehicle speed signal is detected and the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are not triggered.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the control module comprises:

the calculation unit is used for calculating the current gradient of the environment where the electric automobile is located according to the current acceleration;

and the adjusting unit is used for determining the enhancement value of the braking torque based on a preset gradient when the current gradient is greater than a preset threshold value, and adjusting the braking torque according to the enhancement value corresponding to the current moment.

9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the control module further comprises:

a second detection unit for detecting an actual deceleration of the electric vehicle;

and the control unit is used for increasing the braking torque by a preset adjusting strategy when the actual deceleration is detected to be smaller than a preset speed until the actual deceleration is in a preset speed interval.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: a downhill apparatus of an electric vehicle as defined in any one of claims 6 to 9.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a downhill method and device of an electric automobile and a vehicle.

Background

The electric automobile can utilize the motor to generate negative torque to realize the braking effect, does not need to completely utilize mechanical braking, and can save a large amount of energy by energy recovery at present when the city is congested. The magnitude and the stability of energy recovery power are involved in the process of recovering the braking energy.

However, the control difficulty of the magnitude and stability of the energy recovery power is high, and the magnitude and stability of the energy recovery power have direct influence on the driving feeling and the braking safety of the driver.

Content of application

The application provides a downhill method and device of an electric automobile and the vehicle, aiming at solving the problems of high energy recovery power and high stability control difficulty.

An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a downhill method of an electric vehicle, including the following steps:

detecting the current acceleration of the electric automobile;

when the electric automobile is identified to be in a sliding working condition according to the current acceleration, calculating the braking torque of the driving motor according to the current acceleration and a preset sliding running speed; and

controlling the driving motor to output the braking torque so that the electric vehicle runs at the preset coasting speed while recovering braking energy.

Optionally, before detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle, the method further includes:

detecting whether a speed signal of the electric automobile exists or not;

and when the vehicle speed signal is detected and the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are not triggered, judging that the vehicle enters a sliding working condition.

Optionally, the controlling the driving motor to output the braking torque includes:

calculating the current gradient of the environment where the electric automobile is located according to the current acceleration;

and if the current gradient is larger than a preset threshold value, determining an enhanced value of the braking torque based on a preset gradient, and adjusting the braking torque according to the enhanced value corresponding to the current moment.

Optionally, the causing the electric vehicle to travel at the preset coasting speed includes:

detecting an actual deceleration of the electric vehicle;

and when the actual deceleration is detected to be smaller than the preset speed, the braking torque is increased by using a preset adjusting strategy until the actual deceleration is in a preset speed interval.

Optionally, the downhill method of the electric vehicle further includes:

generating a coasting running signal when the electric vehicle runs at the preset coasting running speed;

and carrying out sliding reminding according to the sliding running signal electric quantity sliding mark.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a downhill device of an electric vehicle, including:

the detection module is used for detecting the current acceleration of the electric automobile;

the calculation module is used for calculating the braking torque of the driving motor according to the current acceleration and a preset sliding running speed when the electric automobile is identified to be in a sliding working condition according to the current acceleration; and

and the control module is used for controlling the driving motor to output the braking torque so as to enable the electric automobile to run at the preset coasting speed while recovering braking energy.

Optionally, before detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle, the detection module further includes:

the first detection unit is used for detecting whether a speed signal of the electric automobile exists or not;

and the judging unit is used for judging that the vehicle enters a sliding working condition when the vehicle speed signal is detected and the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are not triggered.

Optionally, the control module includes:

the calculation unit is used for calculating the current gradient of the environment where the electric automobile is located according to the current acceleration;

and the adjusting unit is used for determining the enhancement value of the braking torque based on a preset gradient when the current gradient is greater than a preset threshold value, and adjusting the braking torque according to the enhancement value corresponding to the current moment.

Optionally, the control module further includes:

a second detection unit for detecting an actual deceleration of the electric vehicle;

and the control unit is used for increasing the braking torque by a preset adjusting strategy when the actual deceleration is detected to be smaller than a preset speed until the actual deceleration is in a preset speed interval.

Optionally, the downhill device of the electric vehicle further includes:

the generating module is used for generating a sliding driving signal when the electric automobile drives at the preset sliding driving speed;

and the reminding module is used for carrying out sliding reminding according to the sliding running signal electric quantity sliding mark.

An embodiment of the third aspect of the application provides a vehicle, which comprises the downhill device of the electric automobile.

Therefore, the current acceleration of the electric automobile can be detected, when the current acceleration identifies that the electric automobile is in a sliding working condition, the braking torque of the driving motor is calculated according to the current acceleration and the preset sliding running speed, the driving motor is controlled to output the braking torque, and the electric automobile is enabled to run at the preset sliding running speed while the braking energy is recovered. Therefore, the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system is adopted to generate negative torque, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy, the electric energy is stored in the battery, the electric energy is utilized for braking, the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is increased

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a downhill method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a block schematic diagram of a downhill system of an electric vehicle according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a downhill method of an electric vehicle according to one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a downhill apparatus of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a block schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The following describes a downhill method and apparatus for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the drawings. In order to solve the problem that the energy recovery power and the stability control difficulty are high in the background technology center, the application provides a downhill method of an electric vehicle. Therefore, the electric automobile is judged to be in a downhill state through the vehicle-mounted acceleration sensor, when the set control requirement is met, the reverse dragging force of the electric automobile is increased rapidly, the electric automobile is enabled to slowly descend without intervention of a brake pedal, the negative torque is generated by adopting the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system, the kinetic energy of the electric automobile is converted into electric energy which is stored in the battery and braked by utilizing the electric energy, the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the electric automobile is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, and the cruising mileage of the electric automobile is increased.

Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a downhill method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1, the downhill method of the electric vehicle includes the steps of:

in step S101, the current acceleration of the electric vehicle is detected.

It is understood that the current acceleration of the electric vehicle may be obtained by an electric vehicle attitude-acceleration sensor.

Optionally, in some embodiments, before detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle, the method further includes: detecting whether a speed signal of the electric automobile exists or not; and when the vehicle speed signal is detected and the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are not triggered, judging that the electric vehicle enters a sliding working condition.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the application, when it is detected that the electric vehicle has a vehicle speed and the user does not step on the brake or the accelerator, it is determined that the user has a demand for the electric vehicle to slide, that is, it is determined that the electric vehicle enters a sliding working condition.

In step S102, when the electric vehicle is identified to be in the coasting condition according to the current acceleration, the braking torque of the driving motor is calculated according to the current acceleration and the preset coasting running speed.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the application, when it is detected that the gradient of the electric vehicle sensed by the attitude-acceleration sensor of the electric vehicle is greater than the threshold value, it is determined that the electric vehicle is in the sliding working condition, the vehicle control unit may control the electric vehicle to enter the slow speed slope descending state, and the motor controller and the driving motor are controlled to generate the electric braking negative torque through the output signal, that is, the calculated braking torque of the driving motor. In step S103, the drive motor is controlled to output the braking torque to cause the electric vehicle to travel at the preset coasting speed while recovering the braking energy.

It can be understood that, in some embodiments, when the driving motor is controlled to output the braking torque, the present application embodiment may calculate a current gradient of an environment where the electric vehicle is located according to a current acceleration obtained by the electric vehicle attitude-acceleration sensor, and when the current gradient is greater than a preset threshold, determine an enhanced value of the braking torque based on the preset gradient, and adjust the braking torque according to the enhanced value corresponding to the current time. That is, the embodiment of the present application may control the driving motor to output the braking torque of the driving motor calculated according to step S102 to decelerate the electric vehicle so that the electric vehicle travels at the preset coasting speed while recovering the braking energy.

It should be noted that the preset gradient may be a gradient preset by a user, may be a gradient obtained through a finite number of experiments, or may be a gradient obtained through a finite number of computer simulations.

Further, in some embodiments, causing the electric vehicle to travel at the preset coasting speed includes: detecting the actual deceleration of the electric vehicle; and when the actual deceleration is detected to be smaller than the preset speed, the braking torque is increased by using a preset adjusting strategy until the actual deceleration is in a preset speed interval.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the application, when the deceleration of the electric vehicle is detected to be smaller, it is determined that the electric vehicle is in the state that the electric brake negative torque intensity is not enough, and the electric brake recovery intensity can be timely increased, so that the speed of the slow speed descending slope is controlled within the controllable threshold range.

Therefore, the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system is adopted, negative torque is generated, when a driver drives the electric automobile and needs to descend a steep slope, the conventional braking operation is simplified into the automatic slope identification state through the vehicle-mounted sensor, the electric energy braking intensity is quickly adjusted and increased, the speed of the electric automobile is quickly reduced, and the driver can conveniently control the electric automobile when descending the steep slope. Meanwhile, the kinetic energy of the electric automobile is converted into electric energy and stored in the battery, so that the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the electric automobile is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is increased to a certain extent, and the driving feeling of members is optimized.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the downhill method of the electric vehicle further includes: generating a sliding running signal when the electric automobile runs at a preset sliding running speed; and carrying out sliding reminding according to the sliding running signal electric quantity sliding mark.

It can be understood that after the user's switch of slowing down the slope is turned on, the vehicle control unit detects that the slope is greater than the threshold value through the attitude-acceleration sensor of the electric vehicle, the indication of activating the function of slowing down the slope is turned on the meter to prompt the driver that the function is activated.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to further understand the downhill method of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application, the following detailed description is made with reference to fig. 2 and 3.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a downhill system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, according to a downhill method of an electric vehicle shown in fig. 2. The downhill system of the electric vehicle comprises: the Vehicle-mounted automatic control unit (VCU) comprises a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) 1, an input signal 2, an electric Vehicle attitude-acceleration sensor 3, a brake switch 4, an accelerator pedal 5, a slow speed hill-descending switch 6, an output signal 7, a motor controller 8, a driving motor 9, a Vehicle-mounted instrument 10, a slow speed hill-descending function switch indication 11 and a slow speed hill-descending function activation indication 12.

Based on the downhill system of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 2, a downhill method of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following steps:

and S301, during running of the electric automobile.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the determination process of the state is entered when the electric vehicle is running normally.

S302, judging whether the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal are not actuated, if so, executing a step S303, otherwise, executing a step S301.

That is to say, the embodiment of the application can judge that the user has the demand of the electric automobile sliding when the electric automobile is detected to have the speed and the user does not step on the brake or the accelerator.

And S303, gliding energy feedback.

And S304, obtaining the reading of the gradient sensor of the electric automobile.

S305, judging whether the gradient value of the electric automobile is larger than a preset threshold value, if so, executing a step S307, otherwise, executing a step S306.

And S306, not additionally adjusting the braking force.

And S307, increasing the electric braking strength according to the set gradient.

And S308, acquiring the speed of the electric automobile.

S309, judging whether the speed of the electric automobile is larger than a set value, if so, executing a step S310, otherwise, executing a step S307.

And S310, performing closed-loop control on the vehicle speed stability, and skipping to execute the step S305.

That is to say, the embodiment of the application enters the state determination process when the electric vehicle normally runs, and determines that the user has the requirement for the electric vehicle to slide when the electric vehicle is detected to have the vehicle speed and the user does not step on the brake or the accelerator; continuously monitoring the acceleration (deceleration) condition of the electric vehicle in the sliding state of the electric vehicle; after a user starts a slow speed slope descending switch, the vehicle control unit continuously monitors the slope state of the electric vehicle through an electric vehicle attitude-acceleration sensor; the sliding energy feedback of the electric automobile in the sliding state can be realized through an electric brake adjusting switch; when a user closes the electric brake automatic regulating switch, the sliding energy feedback intensity can be realized only through the electric brake regulating switch; when a user turns on the electric brake automatic adjusting switch, the sliding energy feedback intensity can be automatically controlled within a certain range according to the calculation and judgment of the whole vehicle controller; when a user's switch for slowing down the slope is turned on, and the vehicle control unit detects that the slope of the electric vehicle sensed by the electric vehicle attitude-acceleration sensor is greater than a threshold value, the electric vehicle is judged to be in a steep slope state, and the vehicle control unit controls the electric vehicle to enter the state of slowing down the slope; when the electric automobile needs to be controlled to enter a slow speed descending state, the vehicle control unit controls the motor controller and the driving motor to generate electric braking negative torque through output signals so as to decelerate the electric automobile; the vehicle controller controls the motor controller and the driving motor to generate the numerical value of the electric braking negative torque through the electric vehicle gradient sensed by the electric vehicle attitude-acceleration sensor; when the deceleration of the electric automobile is detected to be small, judging that the electric automobile is insufficient in electric braking negative torque intensity, and increasing the electric braking recovery intensity timely to control the speed of the slow speed descending slope within a controllable threshold range;

further, the vehicle control unit controls the motor controller and the driving motor to generate the numerical value of the electric braking negative torque through the attitude-acceleration sensor of the electric vehicle and the actual numerical value of the vehicle speed, so as to carry out closed-loop control on the vehicle speed and carry out closed-loop control on the slow speed and the speed of the slow speed descending slope; when a user starts a slow speed slope descending switch, the slow speed slope descending function switch indicates to start an instruction on an instrument to prompt a driver to start the function; when a user's switch of the slow speed descending is turned on, the vehicle controller detects that the gradient is greater than a threshold value through the attitude-acceleration sensor of the electric vehicle, the activation indication of the slow speed descending function is turned on the instrument to prompt a driver that the function is activated; when the slope returns to normal or the user controls the functions of the accelerator and the brake pedal by himself, the activating indication of the slow slope descending function is closed on the instrument to remind the driver that the function is stopped.

According to the downhill method of the electric automobile, provided by the embodiment of the application, the current acceleration of the electric automobile can be detected, when the current acceleration identifies that the electric automobile is in a sliding working condition, the braking torque of the driving motor is calculated according to the current acceleration and the preset sliding running speed, and the driving motor is controlled to output the braking torque, so that the electric automobile runs at the preset sliding running speed while the braking energy is recovered. Therefore, the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system is adopted to generate negative torque, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy which is stored in the battery, and the electric energy is utilized for braking, so that the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is increased.

Next, a downhill apparatus of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 4 is a block schematic diagram of a downhill device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 4, the downhill device 1000 of the electric vehicle includes: a detection module 100, a calculation module 200 and a control module 300.

The detection module 100 is used for detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle;

the calculation module 200 is configured to calculate a braking torque of the driving motor according to the current acceleration and a preset coasting speed when the current acceleration identifies that the electric vehicle is in the coasting condition; and

the control module 300 is configured to control the driving motor to output a braking torque so that the electric vehicle travels at a preset coasting speed while recovering braking energy.

Optionally, in some embodiments, before detecting the current acceleration of the electric vehicle, the detection module 100 further includes:

the first detection unit is used for detecting whether a speed signal of the electric automobile exists or not;

and the judging unit is used for judging that the vehicle enters a sliding working condition when the vehicle speed signal is detected and the brake pedal and the accelerator pedal are not triggered.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the control module 300 comprises:

the calculating unit is used for calculating the current gradient of the environment where the electric automobile is located according to the current acceleration;

and the adjusting unit is used for determining an enhanced value of the braking torque based on the preset gradient when the current gradient is greater than the preset threshold value, and adjusting the braking torque according to the enhanced value corresponding to the current moment.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the control module 300 further comprises:

a second detection unit for detecting an actual deceleration of the electric vehicle;

and the control unit is used for increasing the braking torque by using a preset adjusting strategy when the actual deceleration is detected to be smaller than the preset speed until the actual deceleration is in a preset speed interval.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the downhill device 1000 of the electric vehicle further includes:

the generating module is used for generating a sliding running signal when the electric automobile runs at a preset sliding running speed;

and the reminding module is used for carrying out sliding reminding according to the sliding running signal electric quantity sliding mark.

It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the downhill method of the electric vehicle is also applicable to the downhill device of the electric vehicle of the embodiment, and is not repeated herein.

According to the downhill device of the electric automobile, provided by the embodiment of the application, the current acceleration of the electric automobile can be detected, when the current acceleration identifies that the electric automobile is in a sliding working condition, the braking torque of the driving motor is calculated according to the current acceleration and the preset sliding running speed, and the driving motor is controlled to output the braking torque, so that the electric automobile runs at the preset sliding running speed while the braking energy is recovered. Therefore, the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system is adopted to generate negative torque, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy which is stored in the battery, and the electric energy is utilized for braking, so that the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is increased.

In addition, as shown in fig. 5, the embodiment of the present application also proposes a vehicle 2000, where the vehicle 2000 includes the downhill device 1000 of the electric vehicle described above.

According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application, the downhill device of the electric vehicle can detect the current acceleration of the electric vehicle, and when the current acceleration identifies that the electric vehicle is in a sliding working condition, the braking torque of the driving motor is calculated according to the current acceleration and the preset sliding running speed, and the driving motor is controlled to output the braking torque, so that the electric vehicle runs at the preset sliding running speed while the braking energy is recovered. Therefore, the braking energy recovery capacity of the electric drive system is adopted to generate negative torque, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy which is stored in the battery, and the electric energy is utilized for braking, so that the energy loss caused when the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy during conventional braking is avoided, and the cruising mileage of the vehicle is increased.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of implementing the embodiments of the present application.

It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.