阅读说明：本技术 一种模块化的自动分离式逃生装置 (Modular autosegregation formula escape device ) 是由 常海超 肖庆云 郭雨洁 朱伊妍 张一祎 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种模块化的自动分离式逃生装置,包括支撑座、逃生舱室和弹射模块,所述支撑座上设有滑轨,所述逃生舱室安装在滑轨上,弹射模块包括底座、膨胀气囊、承力板、活塞和气体发生器,底座固定于支撑座上,底座上朝向逃生舱室一侧设有若干圆筒气室,每个圆筒气室内设有一个活塞,所述活塞与圆筒气室底部之间设有膨胀气囊,每个活塞均与承力板相连,所述承力板固定在逃生舱室端部,所述气体发生器设于膨胀气囊内,用于接收到弹射信号后产生大量气体使膨胀气囊膨胀,推动逃生舱室沿着滑轨滑道,进行分离弹射。本发明结构简单、使用方便、能在沉船事故发生或者收到事故信号时,启动弹射模块,使得逃生舱自动分离弹射,保护人员安全。(The invention discloses a modularized automatic separation type escape device which comprises a supporting seat, an escape cabin and an ejection module, wherein a sliding rail is arranged on the supporting seat, the escape cabin is installed on the sliding rail, the ejection module comprises a base, an expansion airbag, a bearing plate, pistons and a gas generator, the base is fixed on the supporting seat, a plurality of cylindrical gas chambers are arranged on one side, facing the escape cabin, of the base, a piston is arranged in each cylindrical gas chamber, the expansion airbag is arranged between the piston and the bottom of each cylindrical gas chamber, each piston is connected with the bearing plate, the bearing plate is fixed at the end part of the escape cabin, and the gas generator is arranged in the expansion airbag and used for generating a large amount of gas to expand the expansion airbag after receiving an ejection signal to push the escape cabin to separate and eject along a sliding rail slide. The invention has simple structure and convenient use, and can start the ejection module when a sunken ship accident occurs or an accident signal is received, so that the escape capsule is automatically separated to eject, thereby protecting the safety of personnel.)

1. The utility model provides a modular autosegregation formula escape device, includes supporting seat, the cabin of fleing and launches the module, its characterized in that: the supporting seat is provided with a sliding rail, the escape cabin is installed on the sliding rail and can slide along the rail, the ejection module comprises a base, an expansion airbag, a bearing plate, a piston and a gas generator, the base is fixed on the supporting seat, a plurality of cylinder air chambers are arranged on the base towards one side of the escape cabin, a piston is arranged in each cylinder air chamber, the expansion airbag is arranged between the piston and the bottom of each cylinder air chamber, each piston is connected with the bearing plate, the bearing plate is fixed at the end part of the escape cabin, and the gas generator is arranged in the expansion airbag and used for generating a large amount of gas to expand the expansion airbag after receiving an ejection signal and pushing the escape cabin to eject along the sliding rail slide way in a separated mode.

2. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the supporting seat is fixed on the ship body, the bearing plate is further arranged on the base through an explosion bolt, the position of the escape cabin is guaranteed through the explosion bolt under the normal condition, the explosion bolt is connected with the gas generator in series through signals, and after the gas generator receives the ejection signals, the explosion bolt is also subjected to explosion separation according to the ejection signals.

3. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the two bases are respectively arranged on two sides of the escape cabin, the side part of the escape cabin between the two bases is provided with a bin door for entering and exiting under normal conditions, and the escape cabin corresponding to the bin door is internally provided with a sealing bin door used under the escape condition.

4. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: still be equipped with supplementary jettison device on the supporting seat, supplementary jettison device is including launching board, a plurality of compression spring and locking device, launch the board and install in the supporting seat through compression spring, launch board and supporting seat upper surface parallel and level, and be located the cabin of fleing and launch one end, launch the board and link to each other with the supporting seat through locking device, when the cabin of fleing removes to launching the board top under launching the module drive, locking device explains, gives the cabin of fleing a perpendicular to backup pad ascending speed of launching of cabin of fleing under compression spring's pressure effect.

5. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of claim 4, further comprising: the locking device comprises an electric bolt.

6. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of claim 5, further comprising: and a pressure sensor or a plurality of position switches are arranged on the ejection plate, and whether the escape cabin moves above the ejection plate or not is detected through the pressure sensor or the position switches.

7. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: the automatic separation type escape device is modularly arranged on the ship framework.

8. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: one or more watertight windows are arranged on one side of the escape compartment close to the ship board.

9. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: lifesaving equipment and daily necessities are arranged in the escape cabin, the lifesaving equipment comprises a life buoy, a life jacket and a ladder, and the daily necessities comprise a bed, tables and chairs, a bedside cabinet and a television cabinet.

10. The modular self-separating escape apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: the inflatable air bag is made of polyamide fabric with good anti-cracking performance, a polychloroprene coating is coated inside the inflatable air bag, the gas generator comprises an igniter and a gas generating agent, and the gas generating agent is sodium azide.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of safety, relates to ship navigation safety, and particularly relates to a modular automatic separation type escape device.

Background

In recent years, the safety accidents of ships in the running process are endless, and huge life and property losses are brought to people. Aiming at the accidents, experts and scholars at home and abroad establish guaranteed underwater escape facilities to carry out deep research, for example, equipment such as emergency underwater lighting, indicator lamps, emergency underwater respirators and the like which are manufactured by trying to form colored luminous lines as indicating light sources based on high-tech luminous chips are developed, so that the functions and the technical performance of an underwater lighting indicating system are greatly enhanced; the development of personal life-saving articles and carrying devices with good equipment performance, safety and reliability; a better underwater escape scheme is made; research underwater lifesaving robots and the like. However, the equipment has high requirements on personnel, and no escape equipment which is special for passengers on the ship and is convenient to operate is available at present.

At present, the existing ship escape equipment or device for projects is mainly externally-hung or independent safety equipment, and comprises a lifeboat, a life buoy, novel anti-immersion clothes, an inflatable lifejacket with a splash guard, an underwater exit bright lamp, an auxiliary oxygen system, a self-contained underwater breathing device, an impact energy attenuation system, an emergency exit lighting system, an emergency floating system and the like. The escape equipment or the escape device is independently arranged on the ship body and needs to be arranged or worn, but the time of the ship sinking is extremely short, the speed is extremely high, the escape channel is usually submerged under water, in addition, the cabin is dark, once the ship sinks, the ship body is instable immediately, passengers on the ship do not find an exit, and even the passengers are in a panic state, and the passengers die. In addition, these devices have low reliability, adding difficulty to rescue work.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an escape capsule capable of being automatically separated so as to improve the capability of dealing with sunken ship accidents.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a modular autosegregation formula escape device, includes supporting seat, the cabin of fleing and launches the module, its characterized in that: the supporting seat is provided with a sliding rail, the escape cabin is installed on the sliding rail and can slide along the rail, the ejection module comprises a base, an expansion airbag, a bearing plate, a piston and a gas generator, the base is fixed on the supporting seat, a plurality of cylinder air chambers are arranged on the base towards one side of the escape cabin, a piston is arranged in each cylinder air chamber, the expansion airbag is arranged between the piston and the bottom of each cylinder air chamber, each piston is connected with the bearing plate, the bearing plate is fixed at the end part of the escape cabin, and the gas generator is arranged in the expansion airbag and used for generating a large amount of gas to expand the expansion airbag after receiving an ejection signal and pushing the escape cabin to eject along the sliding rail slide way in a separated mode.

Furthermore, the supporting seat is fixed on the ship body, the bearing plate is further connected with the base through an explosion bolt, the position of the escape cabin is guaranteed through the explosion bolt under the normal condition, the explosion bolt is connected with the gas generator in series through signals, and after the gas generator receives the ejection signals, the explosion bolt is also subjected to explosion separation according to the ejection signals.

Furthermore, the base has two, locates the cabin both sides of fleing respectively, and the cabin lateral part of fleing that is located between two bases is equipped with the door of business turn over under the normal condition, is equipped with the sealed door that uses under the condition of fleing in the cabin of fleing that corresponds with the door position.

Further, still be equipped with supplementary jettison device on the supporting seat, supplementary jettison device is including launching board, a plurality of compression spring and locking device, launch the board and install in the supporting seat through compression spring, launch board and supporting seat upper surface parallel and level, and be located the cabin of fleing and launch one end, launch the board and link to each other with the supporting seat through locking device, when the cabin of fleing removes to launching the board top under launching the module drive, locking device explains, gives the cabin of fleing a perpendicular to the ascending speed of launching of backup pad under compression spring's pressure effect.

Further, the locking device comprises an electric bolt.

Furthermore, a pressure sensor or a plurality of position switches are arranged on the ejection plate, and whether the escape cabin moves above the ejection plate or not is detected through the pressure sensor or the position switches.

Further, the automatic separation type escape device is modularly arranged on the ship framework.

Furthermore, one side of the escape cabin close to the side of the ship is provided with one or more watertight windows.

Furthermore, life-saving equipment and daily necessities are arranged in the escape cabin, the life-saving equipment comprises a life buoy, a life jacket and a ladder, and the daily necessities comprise a bed, tables and chairs, a bedside cabinet and a television cabinet.

Furthermore, the inflatable air bag is made of polyamide fabric with good anti-cracking performance, a polyvinyl chloride coating is coated inside the inflatable air bag, the gas generator comprises an igniter and a gas generating agent, and the gas generating agent is sodium azide.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the modularized separable escape cabin can safely escape when a ship is overturned and sunk, and simultaneously has the function of a normal living cabin when the ship is safely sailed, the modularized separable escape cabin can meet the daily life requirement of personnel, the safety of the personnel after the ship is overturned can be ensured, and the purpose of safety guarantee is achieved. The invention ensures that the expansion airbag can meet the requirement of pushing the escape cabin and can not cause local extrusion deformation of the escape cabin through the design of the expansion airbag and the piston, thereby greatly improving the safety and reliability in the ejection process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic separating escape device in a top view.

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the ejection module shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the automatic escape apparatus of the present invention.

1-supporting seat, 101-sliding rail, 2-escape cabin, 201-cabin door, 202-sealed cabin door, 3-ejection module, 301-base, 302-expansion air bag, 303-bearing plate, 304-piston, 305-gas generator, 306-explosion bolt, 307-cylinder air chamber, 4-auxiliary ejection device, 401-ejection plate, 402-compression spring, 403-locking device and 5-ship board.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

A modularized automatic separation type escape device comprises a supporting seat 1, an escape cabin 2 and an ejection module 3, wherein a sliding rail 101 is arranged on the supporting seat 1, the escape cabin 2 is installed on the sliding rail 101 and can slide along the rail, the ejection module 3 comprises a base 301, an expansion airbag 302, a bearing plate 303, a piston 304 and a gas generator 305, the base 301 is fixed on the supporting seat 1, a plurality of cylindrical air chambers 307 are arranged on one side of the base 301 facing the escape cabin 2, a piston 304 is arranged in each cylindrical air chamber 307, the expansion airbag 302 is arranged between the piston 304 and the bottom of the cylindrical air chamber 307, each piston 304 is connected with the bearing plate 303, the bearing plate 303 is fixed at the end part of the escape cabin 2, the gas generator 305 is arranged in the expansion airbag 302 and is used for generating a large amount of gas to expand the expansion airbag 302 after receiving an ejection signal, the escape cabin 2 is pushed to separate and eject along the slide rail 101.

The automatic separation type escape device is in modular design, the escape cabin 2 is an independent cabin, can be produced in batches in a special factory, has a waterproof structure, and has no edges and corners, and functional and decorative objects in the escape device are not easy to slide; the hull is assembled with a skeleton structure similar to the container ship type integral cabin, the skeleton structure and the hull are assembled in a shipyard, and a single cabin is plugged into the skeleton structure. When the ship overturns, turns over, sinks and the like, the escape cabin 2 is separated from the ship body and falls into water.

The supporting seat 1 is fixed on a ship body, the bearing plate 303 is further connected with the base 301 through an explosion bolt 306, under normal conditions, the position of the escape cabin 2 is ensured through the explosion bolt 306, the explosion bolt 306 is in signal series connection with the gas generator 305, and after the gas generator 305 receives an ejection signal, the explosion bolt 306 is also subjected to explosion separation according to the ejection signal.

The two bases 301 are respectively arranged at two sides of the escape compartment 2, the side part of the escape compartment 2 between the two bases 301 is provided with a bin door 201 which can enter and exit under normal conditions, and a sealing bin door 202 used under the escape condition is arranged in the escape compartment 2 corresponding to the bin door 201.

The supporting seat 1 is further provided with an auxiliary ejection device 4, the auxiliary ejection device 4 comprises an ejection plate 401, a plurality of compression springs 402 and a locking device 403, the ejection plate 401 is installed in the supporting seat 1 through the compression springs 402, the ejection plate 401 is flush with the upper surface of the supporting seat 1 and is located at the ejection end of the escape cabin 2, the ejection plate 401 is connected with the supporting seat 1 through the locking device 403, when the escape cabin 2 moves above the ejection plate 401 under the driving of the ejection module 3, the locking device 403 explains that the ejection speed perpendicular to the supporting plate is given to the escape cabin 2 upwards under the pressure action of the compression springs 402. Generally, when a ship sinks, the deck is not kept horizontal any more but has a certain inclination angle, so that the supporting plate is not in a horizontal state and is ejected

The locking device 403 comprises an electric bolt, a pressure sensor or a plurality of position switches are arranged on the ejection plate 401, and whether the escape compartment 2 moves above the ejection plate 401 is detected through the pressure sensor or the position switches.

The automatic separation type escape device is modularly arranged on the ship framework.

One or more watertight windows are arranged on one side of the escape compartment 2 close to the ship board.

The inflatable airbag 302 is made of polyamide fabric with good anti-cracking performance, a polychloroprene coating is coated inside the inflatable airbag, the gas generator 305 comprises an igniter and a gas generating agent, the gas generating agent is sodium azide, and the inflatable airbag adopts a structure similar to an airbag.

Lifesaving equipment and daily necessities are arranged in the escape cabin 2, the lifesaving equipment comprises a life buoy, a life jacket and a ladder, and the daily necessities comprise a bed, tables and chairs, a bedside cabinet and a television cabinet. The escape cabin 2 is internally provided with the following devices according to requirements:

safety seat: when the ship runs into a danger of overturning, the captain informs passengers of the danger to be met through the communication device, the passengers listen to the captain and the commands of the crew, the passengers leave the escape route to enter the escape cabin 2, sit on the safety seat, and flatly lift the arms to hold the handle and tie the safety belt.

A television: the television is used as leisure and entertainment in daily life, plays lifesaving operation/anti-collision posture/safety requirement under an emergency condition, and is fixed on a tea table to prevent the television from moving in the running process of the escape cabin 2 and colliding passengers in the cabin to cause danger. Meanwhile, four corners of the television are smoothly processed without sharp edges and corners.

Bedside table: the drawer of the bedside cabinet is internally provided with a life jacket, an oxygen mask, an emergency flashlight, an emergency positioning emitter, a small amount of food, water and the like. It is ensured that the passengers in the escape compartment 2 can survive for a certain time after the escape compartment 2 is ejected into the water by the slide rail 101.

Double bed: this double bed is fixed on the cabin floor, prevents to take place to slide at 2 operation in-process in the cabin of fleing and causes danger to the passenger in the cabin, and the surface of bed does not have obvious sharp-pointed edges and corners simultaneously. The bed can be converted into two safety seats in a folding mode, and all passengers in one cabin can be ensured to sit on the safety seats.

Leisure table chair: this table chair all is fixed on the cabin floor, all is handled to not having obvious edges and corners simultaneously, prevents to rock the in-process at boats and ships and causes danger to the passenger in the cabin.

Watertight window: this window is in the equal waterproof sealing processing of junction, can normally open and close at normal navigation in-process, does not influence the passenger and normally lives. When the ship is in danger of overturning, the passenger receives an instruction to close the watertight window, and seawater is prevented from entering the cabin after the cabin is ejected into water.

A life buoy: the life buoy meets the safety standard, is not easy to leak air, has strong pressure resistance, is extremely easy to burst and is easy to grasp.

Watertight door (corridor): the watertight hatch door has the main function of enabling tourists to safely and conveniently enter and exit the escape cabin 2, so that the watertight hatch door is not different from a common hatch door in appearance design, but can isolate seawater by closing the hatch door when a ship is in danger of overturning, and provides a safe environment for the passengers in the cabin.

Watertight door (hatch top): the watertight cabin door is in a closed state under a general condition, only when the ship encounters a capsizing danger, the escape cabin 2 is ejected into water and quickly floats on the water surface, and a passenger opens the watertight cabin door through an escalator or is opened by a rescue worker through a special method from the outside.

A luggage case: this suitcase is the personal article that passenger self carried, has article such as specific place can fix the suitcase in the cabin, avoids 2 operation in-process in the cabin of fleing to take place to slide and cause the injury to the passenger.

An escape ladder: the escape cabin 2 quickly floats on the sea surface after being ejected into water, and passengers leave or life-saving personnel get on and off the escape ladder through the watertight door 2 when rescuing. The escape ladder is fixed with the side wall of the cabin.

Note: watertight hatch door structure: the watertight cabin door is a hydraulic hinge type watertight cabin door, is a heavy watertight cabin door, is made of a steel plate and is positioned at the top of the escape cabin 2, a door frame is arranged at the top of the escape cabin 2, one side of the door frame is hinged with a door body, a rubber sealing strip is arranged around the door body, and the door body is tightly pressed on the door frame by a plurality of wedge-shaped handles so as to ensure the watertight effect, and the two sides of the door can be opened and closed. The indoor operation is started by passengers in the cabin through the operation of the controller, the passengers release the pressing of the wedge-shaped handle on the watertight cabin door through the controller and then manually open the watertight cabin door through the safety escalator positioned on the side wall of the cabin, the outdoor opening mode is that rescue workers open at the top of the cabin after the cabin is ejected into water, and the opening mode does not need the control of the controller.

When a ship sinking accident occurs, the angle of the ship body can be monitored through the attitude sensor, an ejection signal is sent out when the ship body inclines to a certain degree, the ejection module 3 is started, an emergency escape button can be set, and the ejection module 3 is started by manually pressing the button.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.