阅读说明：本技术 挖掘机动臂及挖掘机 (Excavator movable arm and excavator ) 是由 董志强 董竞仪 于 2021-02-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及工程机械领域,具体而言,涉及一种挖掘机动臂及挖掘机,包括前臂体,还包括后臂体和导轨,所述前臂体的外表面通过所述导轨与所述后臂体外表面连接,和/或所述前臂体的内部设有空腔,所述前臂体的尾部设置连通所述前臂体内部空腔的开孔,所述前臂体的内部空腔设置有所述导轨,所述后臂的前端由所述前臂体的尾部开孔插入所述前臂体的内部空腔,所述前臂体通过所述导轨与所述后臂连接,还包括伸缩缸,所述伸缩缸一端连接所述前臂体,所述伸缩缸另一端连接所述后臂体。本发明提供的挖掘机动臂及挖掘机,节能又便于调整,并且结构合理、制造成本低、安全性高、易于实施。(The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a movable arm of an excavator and the excavator, which comprise a front arm body, a rear arm body and a guide rail, wherein the outer surface of the front arm body is connected with the outer surface of the rear arm body through the guide rail, and/or a cavity is arranged inside the front arm body, the tail part of the front arm body is provided with an opening communicated with the cavity inside the front arm body, the guide rail is arranged in the cavity inside the front arm body, the front end of the rear arm is inserted into the cavity inside the front arm body through the opening at the tail part of the front arm body, the front arm body is connected with the rear arm through the guide rail, the excavator further comprises a telescopic cylinder, one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the front arm body, and the other end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the rear arm body. The movable arm of the excavator and the excavator provided by the invention are energy-saving, convenient to adjust, reasonable in structure, low in manufacturing cost, high in safety and easy to implement.)

1. An excavator movable arm which is characterized in that: comprises a forearm body; the rear arm body comprises a rear arm and a counterweight, and the counterweight is arranged at the rear part of the rear arm; the outer surface of the front arm body is connected with the outer surface of the rear arm body through the guide rail, and/or a cavity is arranged inside the front arm body, the tail of the front arm body is provided with an opening communicated with the cavity inside the front arm body, the cavity inside the front arm body is provided with the guide rail, the front end of the rear arm is inserted into the cavity inside the front arm body through the opening at the tail of the front arm body, and the front arm body is connected with the rear arm through the guide rail; the telescopic arm is characterized by further comprising a telescopic cylinder, one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the front arm body, the other end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the rear arm body, and the telescopic cylinder is used for adjusting the distance between the front arm body and the balance weight.

2. The excavator boom of claim 1, wherein: the counterweight is a counterweight.

3. The excavator boom of claim 1, wherein: the counterweight comprises a counterweight arm and a counterweight block, the rear part of the rear arm is connected with the middle part of the counterweight arm, and the counterweight block is respectively arranged at two ends of the counterweight arm, or the rear part of the rear arm is connected with the upper part of the counterweight arm, and the lower part of the counterweight arm is connected with the counterweight block.

4. The excavator boom of claim 3, wherein: the counterweight arm is internally provided with a cavity and further comprises a baffle plate, and the cavity inside or the end part of the cavity of the counterweight arm is connected with the baffle plate.

5. The excavator boom of claim 1, wherein: the guide rail comprises a guide rail sliding plate and a guide rail sliding groove, the guide rail sliding groove is provided with a sliding way, and the guide rail sliding plate is matched with the sliding way of the guide rail sliding groove.

6. The excavator boom of claim 1, wherein: the back arm is flexible arm, flexible arm includes first arm festival and final arm festival at least, the flexible arm festival of adjacent two-stage of flexible arm suit each other, first arm festival passes through the guide rail with preceding arm body coupling, the counter weight with final arm festival is connected.

7. The excavator boom of claim 6, wherein: the telescopic cylinder is multistage telescopic cylinder, still includes the telescopic link support, the telescopic link support be used for with one of them arm festival of telescopic boom with the telescopic link that corresponds in the multistage telescopic cylinder is connected, the telescopic link support is the column structure, the one end of telescopic link support with one of them arm festival tip shape of telescopic boom suits and interconnect, the other end of telescopic link support with the telescopic link that corresponds in the multistage telescopic cylinder is connected.

8. The excavator boom of claim 1, wherein: the telescopic cylinder includes first order telescopic cylinder and final stage telescopic cylinder at least, the postbrachium is flexible arm, flexible arm includes first order arm festival and final stage arm festival at least, the flexible arm festival of adjacent two-stage of flexible arm is suit each other, is equipped with between the adjacent flexible arm festival and connects the two the telescopic cylinder, first order arm festival passes through the guide rail with preceding arm body coupling, the counter weight with final stage arm festival is connected, the one end of first order telescopic cylinder is connected the forearm body, the other end of first order telescopic cylinder is connected first order arm festival, the one end of final stage telescopic cylinder is connected final stage arm festival or the counter weight, the other end of final stage telescopic cylinder is connected the adjacent arm festival of final stage arm festival.

9. The excavator boom of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the arm body of the rear arm is provided with a positioning hole.

10. An excavator, characterized in that: comprising an excavator boom according to any of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a movable arm of an excavator and the excavator.

Background

The hydraulic excavator is a main device in engineering machinery and is widely applied to industry, civil construction, transportation, hydraulic and electric engineering, mine excavation and modern military engineering. However, at present, the problems of increasingly shortage of energy and environmental pollution become more serious, and the development of energy-saving excavators becomes a trend, and because the excavator movable arm mechanism has a large mass, a large amount of energy needs to be consumed, and most of energy cannot be used for effective work, so that the energy utilization rate of the excavator is very low, and for solving the problem of the large mass of the excavator movable arm mechanism, the energy storage technology is mainly adopted for solving the problem of energy consumption of the movable arm mechanism, but the energy storage technology can only solve the problem of energy consumption of lifting a large arm, and how to reduce the energy consumption of the movable arm with multiple working postures, such as a small arm of the excavator, a reasonable and practically applicable structure is lacked at present.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above problems, the invention aims to provide an excavator movable arm and an excavator, which can achieve the purpose of saving energy of the excavator movable arm and provide a reasonable and complete structure and technical scheme capable of being practically applied.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

in one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an excavator boom is provided, including a front arm body; the rear arm body comprises a rear arm and a counterweight, and the counterweight is arranged at the rear part of the rear arm; the outer surface of the front arm body is connected with the outer surface of the rear arm body through the guide rail, and/or a cavity is arranged inside the front arm body, the tail of the front arm body is provided with an opening communicated with the cavity inside the front arm body, the cavity inside the front arm body is provided with the guide rail, the front end of the rear arm is inserted into the cavity inside the front arm body through the opening at the tail of the front arm body, and the front arm body is connected with the rear arm through the guide rail; the telescopic arm is characterized by further comprising a telescopic cylinder, one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the front arm body, the other end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the rear arm body, and the telescopic cylinder is used for adjusting the distance between the front arm body and the balance weight.

Optionally, the counterweight is a counterweight.

Optionally, the counterweight includes a counterweight arm and a counterweight, a rear portion of the rear arm is connected to a middle portion of the counterweight arm and two ends of the counterweight arm are respectively provided with the counterweight, or a rear portion of the rear arm is connected to an upper portion of the counterweight arm and a lower portion of the counterweight arm is connected to the counterweight.

Optionally, a cavity is formed in the counterweight arm, and the counterweight arm further comprises a baffle, wherein the cavity or the end of the cavity of the counterweight arm is connected with the baffle.

Optionally, the guide rail includes guide rail slide and guide rail spout, the guide rail spout is equipped with the slide, the guide rail slide with the slide of guide rail spout cooperatees.

Optionally, the postbrachium is flexible arm, flexible arm includes first level arm festival and final stage arm festival at least, the flexible arm festival of adjacent two-stage of flexible arm suit each other, first level arm festival passes through the guide rail with preceding arm body coupling, the counter weight with final stage arm festival is connected.

Optionally, the telescopic cylinder is a multi-stage telescopic cylinder, and further comprises a telescopic rod support, the telescopic rod support is used for connecting one of the arm sections of the telescopic arm with the corresponding telescopic rod in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the telescopic rod support is of a column structure, one end of the telescopic rod support is matched with the end shape of one of the arm sections of the telescopic arm and is connected with the end shape of the arm section, and the other end of the telescopic rod support is connected with the corresponding telescopic rod in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder.

Optionally, the telescopic cylinder includes first order telescopic cylinder and final stage telescopic cylinder at least, the postbrachium is flexible arm, flexible arm includes first order arm section and final stage arm section at least, the flexible arm section of adjacent two-stage of flexible arm is suit each other, is equipped with between the adjacent flexible arm section and connects the two the telescopic cylinder, first order arm section passes through the guide rail with preceding arm body coupling, the counter weight with final stage arm section is connected, the one end of first order telescopic cylinder is connected the forearm body, the other end of first order telescopic cylinder is connected first order arm section, the one end of final stage telescopic cylinder is connected final stage arm section or the counter weight, the other end of final stage telescopic cylinder is connected the adjacent arm section of final stage arm section.

Optionally, the arm body of the rear arm is provided with a positioning hole.

In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an excavator, including the excavator boom as described in any one of the above.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the movable arm of the excavator and the excavator provided by the invention have the advantages of obvious energy-saving effect, convenience in adjustment, reasonable structure, low manufacturing cost, high safety, easiness in implementation and practical application.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a track slide according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a track slide according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a guide track runner structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a guide track runner structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a guide track runner structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a track runner configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a track slide according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a positioning hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

in the figure:

1-a forearm body; 2-rear arm body; 3-small arm spindle hole; 4-a front end connection; 5-a guide rail; 5 a-a guide rail sliding plate; 5 b-a guide rail chute; 6-counterweight; 6 a-counterweight arm; 6a 1-counterweight arm crossbar; 6a 2-counterweight arm upright; 6 b-a balancing weight; 7-a hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 8-rear arm; 8 a-first level arm section; 8 b-last arm section; 8 c-middle arm section; 9-positioning holes; 10-a telescopic cylinder front support; 11-telescopic cylinder rear support; 12-opening the arm body of the telescopic arm; 13-a limiting block; 14-a slide plate; 15-a slide way; 16-a telescopic rod support; 16 a-a first telescopic rod support; 16 b-a second telescopic rod support; 16 c-telescopic rod support end cover; 16 d-the inner surface of the upper end of the telescopic rod support.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "front part", "rear part", "front end", "rear end", "tail part", "one end", "the other end", "one side", "the other side", "up", "down", "inside", "outside", "upper stage", "lower stage", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terminology is used for the purpose of distinguishing between the description and not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "fixed," "disposed," "provided," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements.

In the description of the present invention, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relationship describing the associated object, and means that three kinds of relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be further noted that the fixing manner is not limited to the welding or bolt fixing given in the embodiments, and since there are many fixing manners with the same effect, other fixing manners may be adopted according to specific situations.

For a complete understanding of the present invention, numerous component names, configurations, and details are set forth in the following detailed description, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that well known excavator configurations, components, and mechanism names are not described in detail in the embodiments in order to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In the following embodiments, for the sake of clarity and complete description of the present invention, the excavator arm will be described in detail.

It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the telescopic cylinder may be a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder in the common knowledge, and since the current excavator mostly uses hydraulic drive, and the telescopic cylinder in the following embodiments is preferably a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder in the following embodiments may also be expressed by using a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, such as the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 in the drawings; the telescopic cylinder is generally provided with an end mounting support or a mounting bracket, which is commonly used as a common knowledge, in the following partial embodiments, the common knowledge telescopic cylinder mounting support or the mounting bracket is used as a self-provided component of the telescopic cylinder end, so the structure and the connection relationship of the common knowledge telescopic cylinder mounting support or the mounting bracket are not described and illustrated, such as a telescopic cylinder front support 10 and a telescopic cylinder rear support 11 in the attached drawings.

In the following embodiments, the counterweight is not limited in any way, for example, the counterweight includes a counterweight or a fillable weight, for example, the counterweight may be a counterweight formed by combining an iron counterweight or a counterweight box with a weight placed therein, the fillable weight includes a solid or liquid material, such as iron sand, sand and stone material, a small standard weight, or water, and the counterweight may be combined into a predetermined shape by combining a plurality of counterweights.

In the following embodiments, for the convenience of understanding the present invention, the structure of the telescopic boom is referred to, and the foremost arm segment of the telescopic boom is the first-stage arm segment, and the rearmost arm segment of the telescopic boom is the last-stage arm segment; and the arm section inside the telescopic arm is used as the next stage arm section, and the arm section sleeved outside the arm section is used as the upper stage arm section.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 8, an excavator movable arm comprises a front arm body 1, a rear arm body 2, a guide rail 5 and a telescopic cylinder, wherein the front arm body 1 comprises a front end connecting part 4 and a small arm spindle hole 3, the front end connecting part 4 is arranged at the front end of the front arm body 1, the front end connecting part 4 is used for connecting excavator working devices such as a bucket and a lengthened sleeve arm, the small arm spindle hole 3 is arranged at the position of the arm body of the front arm body 1 behind the position of the front end connecting part 4, and the front arm body 1 rotates around the small arm spindle hole 3 as a circle center; the rear arm body 2 comprises a rear arm 8 and a counterweight 6, and the counterweight 6 is arranged at the tail part of the rear arm 8; the front arm body 1 is connected with the rear arm 8 through the guide rail 5, the structure of the guide rail 5 is shown in fig. 2 to 8, the guide rail 5 comprises a guide rail sliding plate 5a and a guide rail sliding groove 5b, the guide rail sliding plate 5a comprises a sliding plate 14, a sliding way 15 matched with the sliding plate 14 of the guide rail sliding plate 5a is arranged in the guide rail sliding groove 5b, the guide rail sliding plate 5a and the guide rail sliding groove 5b can slide mutually, in order to reduce the mutual friction force, a high-strength wear-resistant rolling piece such as a cylinder, a sphere, a bearing and the like can be put in the contact part of the guide rail sliding plate 5a and the guide rail sliding groove 5b, in fig. 2 and 3, the guide rail sliding plate 5a is arranged on the outer side surface of the front arm body 1, in fig. 4 and 5, the guide rail sliding groove 5b is arranged on one side of the rear arm 8, the guide rail sliding groove 5b can be an integral sliding groove or an intermittent sliding groove, the guide rail sliding groove 5, in fig. 7, in order to reduce the weight of the guide rail 5, the guide rail runner 5b is distributed and installed on the outer arm surface of the front arm body 1, the guide rail slide 5a in fig. 8 can be matched with the guide rail runner 5b in fig. 7 to slide, the rear arm 8 is connected to the arm side surface of the front arm body 1 through the guide rail 5, the rear arm 8 can slide on the front arm body 1 in a reciprocating manner, and the guide rail slide or the guide rail runner can be integrated with the front arm body 1 or the rear arm 8 into a whole structure, for example, a steel plate of the front arm body 1 or the rear arm 8 protruding out of the box body is used as a slide plate, or the guide rail runner is manufactured on the steel plate of the box body; the telescopic cylinder adopts a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is provided with a telescopic cylinder front support 10 and a telescopic cylinder rear support 11, the telescopic cylinder front support 10 and the telescopic cylinder rear support 11 are respectively positioned at two ends of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7, the telescopic cylinder front support 10 at the front end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is connected on the front arm body 1, and the telescopic cylinder rear support 11 at the rear end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is connected on the rear arm 8; the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is used for driving the rear arm body 2 to slide back and forth on the front arm body 1, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is used for adjusting the distance between the front arm body 1 and the counterweight 6, in order to prevent the guide rail sliding plate from falling off the slideway, the guide rail stroke is greater than the stroke of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7, or a stop block is arranged at the preset position of the guide rail sliding plate and the guide rail sliding chute and is blocked by the stop block to prevent the guide rail from falling off; the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 can be arranged outside the rear arm body 2, the form is convenient to install and maintain, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 can also be arranged inside the rear arm 8, the influence of severe external environment on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is avoided, meanwhile, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 can be applied to a multi-stage hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the installation and the arrangement of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 are facilitated; the counterweight 6 is a counterweight, the type and form of the counterweight are not particularly limited, for example, the counterweight can be a counterweight block, the counterweight block can be an iron counterweight block, for example, the counterweight block can also be a counterweight block of a counterweight box filled with water, iron powder, iron blocks, sand stone materials and other heavy objects, when the counterweight block consisting of the counterweight box and the heavy objects is applied, a detachable cover plate can be installed on the outer side of the counterweight box, the filled heavy objects can be conveniently put into the counterweight box and taken out from the counterweight box, so that the counterweight weight can be conveniently adjusted, a grid structure can be formed in the counterweight box by beams, columns or partition plates, and the placement and fixation of small counterweight blocks in standard specifications are facilitated; when the counterweight is a counterweight block, the rear arm 8 can be fixedly or detachably connected with the counterweight block, and if the rear part of the rear arm 8 is installed with the counterweight block in a welding or bolt connection mode, or the inside of the arm body of the rear arm 8 is a cavity, the counterweight block can also be placed at the tail part of the cavity inside the arm body of the rear arm 8 for fixing; the counterweight can also be iron sand and other materials which can be filled, a baffle plate, for example, a baffle plate made of a reinforcing material, is arranged in the cavity of the rear arm 8, when the rear arm 8 is manufactured, the counterweight is arranged at the tail part of the cavity of the rear arm 8, and the baffle plate is welded to prevent the counterweight from scattering; the arm body where the tail cavity in the rear position of the rear arm 8 is located can be provided with a hole, and a cover plate is additionally arranged at the hole through a bolt, so that the fillable materials can be conveniently put into and taken out of the arm body of the rear arm 8, and the structure is convenient for adjusting the weight of the rear arm body 2; in fig. 1, two groups of the rear arm body 2, the guide rail 5 and the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front arm body 1; because of the existing excavator forearm afterbody home range directly below, can install a lot of equipment, such as hydraulic pressure pipeline, electric circuit, hydro-cylinder, valve etc. through increasing the horizontal size of guide rail 5, can adjust the lateral distance between the forearm body 1 and the back arm body 2, prevent that back arm body 2 from moving downwards and touching the object of below broad.

The embodiment is a telescopic structure at the tail part of the small arm, the telescopic direction is that the small arm extends towards the rear part of the small arm, and the tail part of the telescopic structure is provided with a counterweight, so that the weight behind the main shaft hole 3 of the small arm is balanced by the weight behind the main shaft hole 3 of the small arm, thereby realizing the purpose of saving energy of the small arm of the excavator, the embodiment has obvious energy-saving effect and convenient adjustment, the telescopic cylinder is used for adjusting the distance between the front arm body and the balance weight, the weight of the front part of the main shaft hole 3 of the small arm is balanced in a wider range under the condition that the total weight of the small arm is not changed, through the adjustment flexible also in being convenient for work and transportation, adapt to different environment height, energy-conserving technologies such as energy storage technology and other hydraulic pressure improvement techniques are adopted in order to realize excavator forearm energy-conserving purpose now to this embodiment, have rational in infrastructure, low in manufacturing cost, high characteristics of security to easy to carry out and practical application.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 9, the counterweight 6 includes a counterweight arm 6a and a counterweight 6b, the rear end of the rear arm 8 is connected to the upper portion of the counterweight arm 6a by welding, the lower portion of the counterweight arm 6a is connected to the counterweight 6b, the counterweight arm 6a is used as a support of the counterweight 6b, and the counterweight is moved down to move down the overall center of gravity of the arm body, so that the symmetry of the power arm and the resistance arm is improved, and the energy consumption of the excavator is further reduced.

The inside of counterweight arm 6a can be the cavity structure, the baffle can be dismantled in the installation of cavity top, counterweight 6b is connected to counterweight arm 6a lower extreme, make inside constitution confined cavity of counterweight arm, open the baffle, can put into the cavity with the heavy object, under the unchangeable condition of volume, increase the weight of the back arm body, if counterweight 6b adopts the inside counterweight block of the weight box of putting the heavy object, counterweight arm 6a cavity can communicate with counterweight 6b, make things convenient for the heavy object to put into the weight box and take out from the weight box, be convenient for adjust the weight of counter weight.

Example 3:

the rear arm 8 is a telescopic arm and comprises a first-stage arm section 8a and a last-stage arm section 8b, the inside of the first-stage arm section 8a is sleeved outside an adjacent last-stage arm section 8b, the front arm body 1 is connected with the first-stage arm section 8a through a guide rail 5, the tail of the last-stage arm section 8b is connected with a balance weight 6, a telescopic cylinder front support 10 is installed on the front arm body 1, a telescopic cylinder rear support 11 is installed on the last-stage arm section 8b, the telescopic cylinder can adopt a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7, the front end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is connected with the front arm body 1, the rear end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is connected with the last-stage arm section 8b or the balance weight 6, and under the condition that the telescopic arm sections are telescopic smoothly and a guide rail slideway is smooth, the telescopic friction force is basically the same, and the purpose that one hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 drives the rear.

Referring to fig. 10, in order to reliably extend and retract all the arm sections of the telescopic arm, the embodiment may further include a limiting block, the arm body of each arm section of the telescopic arm is correspondingly provided with a limiting block and/or is provided with an arm body opening along the extending direction of the arm section, the limiting block arranged on the arm body is arranged in the arm body opening corresponding to the adjacent arm section, for example, the arm body of the first arm section 8a is provided with an arm body opening 12 along the extending direction of the arm body, the arm body of the last arm section 8b is detachably provided with a corresponding limiting block 13, the limiting block 13 of the last arm section 8b is arranged in the corresponding arm body opening 12 of the adjacent first arm section 8a, and the function is that when the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 extends outwards, the last arm section 8b is driven to extend backwards, the limiting block 13 moves along the extending direction of the last arm section 8b, and finally the limiting block 13 abuts against the rear end of the opening of the first arm section 8a, when the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 continues to extend backwards, the first-stage arm section 8a can be driven by the limiting block 13 to move backwards through the guide rail 5, so that the rear arm 8 is driven by the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7, and similarly, when the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 retracts towards the retraction direction, the limiting block 13 of the last-stage arm section 8b can be propped against the front end of the opening of the first-stage arm section 8a, so that the first-stage arm section 8a is driven to slide backwards along the guide rail 5, the structure is compact, the telescopic movement is reliable, and the telescopic distance is as large as possible under the condition of limited space; positioning holes are formed between the arm sections of the telescopic arms, and after the adjustment of the rear arm is determined, the positioning holes are fixed through locking blocks or pin shafts to lock the telescopic arms between the arm sections and prevent the arm sections from moving relative to each other.

Referring to fig. 11, the rear arm 8 is a multi-stage telescopic arm, and includes a first-stage arm section 8a, a last-stage arm section 8b, and a middle arm section 8c, the first-stage arm section 8a is sleeved outside the middle arm section 8c, the middle arm section 8c is sleeved outside the last-stage arm section 8b, the front arm body 1 is connected with the first-stage arm section 8a through a guide rail 5, the last-stage arm section 8b is connected with a counterweight 6, a telescopic cylinder front support of a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is installed on the front arm body 1, and a telescopic cylinder rear support is installed on the last-stage arm section 8 b; in order to enable all levels of arm sections of the telescopic arm to smoothly extend out or recover, strip-shaped telescopic arm body openings in the telescopic direction of the arm body are formed in the first-level arm section 8a and the middle-level arm section 8c at the arm body, the last-level arm section 8b and the middle-level arm section 8c are respectively provided with a limiting block fixed by a bolt, the limiting block of the last-level arm section 8b is arranged in the corresponding arm body opening of the adjacent middle-level arm section 8c, and the limiting block of the middle-level arm section 8c is arranged in the corresponding arm body opening of the adjacent first-level arm section 8 a.

In order to ensure that all levels of arm sections of the telescopic arm can reliably extend and recover, the inner arm section in the telescopic arm can be used as the next level arm section, the arm section sleeved outside the arm section is used as the previous level arm section, in the cross section of the preset position in the front part of each level of arm section of the telescopic arm, the length of the outer side edge or the diameter of the outer side edge of at least one side is larger than the length of the inner side edge or the diameter of the inner side edge of the same side in the minimum cross section of the tail part of the previous level arm section, in the cross section of any position behind the preset position in the front part of each level of arm section, the length of the outer side edge or the diameter of the outer side edge of each side is smaller than the length of the inner side edge or the diameter of the inner side edge of the same side in the minimum cross section of the tail part of the previous level arm section, each level of arm section of the telescopic arm is, the tail end of each stage of arm section is inserted from the front end of the previous stage of arm section, the height of the cross section of the front part of the next stage of arm section is greater than the height of the hole formed in the tail part of the previous stage of arm section, for example, the outer telescopic surface of the next stage of arm section and the inner telescopic surface of the previous stage of arm section present different slopes, and the purpose that the front part of the next stage of arm section can drive the previous stage of arm section to extend out is achieved; or a stop block is arranged at the tail part of the telescopic surface in the upper arm section or the front part of the telescopic surface outside the lower arm section to realize the relation of the cross sections of the upper arm section and the lower arm section at various positions; in order to realize that each arm section can be retrieved in proper order when retrieving, can set up the dog in the front portion of the flexible face in last one-level arm section, when retrieving, the anterior biggest cross section of next one-level arm section can be blocked by this dog, thereby drive last one-level arm section and retrieve, also can set up the dog at the outer face of stretching out of next one-level arm section afterbody, the dog height is greater than the biggest flexible clearance of two-level arm section, when retrieving, next one-level arm section afterbody dog can block at higher level arm section tail end or the minimum cross section of higher level arm section, thereby drive last one-level arm section and retrieve, this scheme is not limited to the flexible arm that appears as the inclination at each grade arm section on length direction, it is equally suitable for to the flexible arm that arm section at each grade is straight, it is equally suitable for the flexible arm that the arm section that has the inclination again has the.

In this embodiment, the rear arm 8 may further include a telescopic arm structure formed by more arm sections, and the telescopic arm structure has the advantages that the minimum contraction size can be achieved, the maximum extension size can be achieved, the adaptability of the environmental space is improved, and the energy-saving requirement of the excavator forearm in a larger range is also improved.

The hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 can also be arranged inside the rear arm 8, so that the influence of severe external environment on the telescopic cylinder is avoided.

Referring to fig. 12, the arm body of each stage of telescopic arm section of the rear arm 8 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 9 for limiting the telescopic movement, and after the telescopic position of each stage of telescopic arm of the rear arm 8 is determined, when the positioning holes 9 between the arm sections are coaxial, the positioning holes can be inserted into pin shafts or locking blocks to lock the telescopic movement between the arm bodies and prevent the arm sections from moving mutually.

Example 4:

in the embodiment, the rear arm 8 is a multi-stage telescopic arm and comprises a first-stage arm 8a, a middle arm section 8c and a last-stage arm section 8b, the inside of the first-stage arm section 8a is sleeved with the outside of the adjacent middle arm section 8c, the inside of the middle arm section 8c is sleeved with the outside of the adjacent last-stage arm section 8b, the front arm body 1 is connected with the first-stage arm section 8a through a guide rail 5, the tail part of the last-stage arm section 8b is connected with a balance weight 6, the multi-stage telescopic arm is a multi-stage hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7, a telescopic cylinder front support of the multi-stage hydraulic telescopic cylinder 7 is installed on the front arm body 1, and a telescopic cylinder rear support 11 is installed on the last-stage; referring to fig. 13, the telescopic rod support 16 is further included, the telescopic rod support 16 is a column structure, in this embodiment, the telescopic rod support 16 includes a first telescopic rod support 16a and a second telescopic rod support 16b, one end of the first telescopic rod support 16a is adapted to the end of the first arm section 8a of the telescopic arm, and is connected to the first telescopic rod support and the second telescopic rod support, and the other end of the telescopic rod support 16a is connected to the corresponding end of the telescopic rod in the multi-stage hydraulic telescopic cylinder through a pin or a bolt; one end of the second telescopic rod support 16b is matched with the end part of the middle arm section 8c of the telescopic arm in shape, the two are connected with each other, and the other end of the telescopic rod support 16b is connected with the corresponding telescopic rod end part in the multistage hydraulic telescopic cylinder through a pin shaft or a bolt; the telescopic rod support 16 can be a square column, a conical column or a hollow column; in the embodiment, the telescopic arm sections in the telescopic arm are connected with the corresponding telescopic rods in the multistage hydraulic telescopic cylinder through the telescopic rod support 16, so that the multistage hydraulic telescopic cylinder drives the rear arm body to slide on the guide rail, and drives each arm section to correspondingly extend and retract.

Referring to fig. 14, optionally, the upper end of the telescopic rod support 16 further includes an end cap 16c, the end cap 16c is connected to the upper end of the telescopic rod support 16 by a bolt, the shape formed by the inner surface 16d of the upper end of the telescopic rod support and the inner surface of the end cap 16c is adapted to the shape of the corresponding end of the telescopic rod, the upper end of the telescopic rod support 16 and the end cap 16c may partially or completely surround the corresponding connecting portion of the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is tightly clamped by the end cap bolt, so that the telescopic rod support 16 and the telescopic rod are fastened together; optionally, the connecting part of the telescopic rod can be correspondingly provided with a spigot, so that the telescopic rod support 16 can be reliably driven by the telescopic cylinder after being connected with the telescopic rod; alternatively, the telescopic cylinder and telescopic rod support may be mounted inside the rear arm 8.

Example 5:

in the embodiment, the rear arm 8 is a multi-stage telescopic arm, which comprises a first-stage arm section, a middle arm section and a last-stage arm section, wherein the inside of the first-stage arm section is sleeved with the outside of the adjacent middle arm section, the inside of the middle arm section is sleeved with the outside of the adjacent last-stage arm section, the outer surface of the front part of the first-stage arm section is connected with the side surface of the rear part of the front arm body 1, the tail part of the last-stage arm section is connected with a balance weight, the multi-stage telescopic arm further comprises a telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder comprises a first-stage telescopic cylinder, a middle telescopic cylinder and a last-stage telescopic cylinder, the front end of the first-stage telescopic cylinder is connected with the front part of the front arm body, the rear end of the first-stage telescopic cylinder is connected with the front part of the first-stage arm section, the rear end of the, the structure drives the rear arm body to slide on the guide rail through each telescopic cylinder and drives each arm section to correspondingly extend and retract.

Example 6:

the inside of forearm body 1 is equipped with the cavity, the afterbody of forearm body 1 sets up the trompil of the inside cavity of intercommunication forearm body 1, the inside cavity of forearm body 1 is provided with the guide rail, the installation of guide rail can be when the forearm body is made, the installation is in the cavity of forearm body 1, or adopt the detachable mode, for example fix the guide rail in the forearm body inside through the external bolt of forearm, for safe and reliable, to the use quantity of guide rail, can select according to actual conditions, the inside cavity of forearm body 1 is inserted by the afterbody trompil of forearm body 1 to the front end of postbrachium 8, forearm body 1 passes through the guide rail and is connected with postbrachium 8, afterbody position connection counter weight in the 8 postbrachium of postbrachium, forearm body 1 is connected to hydraulic telescoping cylinder front end, postbrachium 8 or counter weight 6 are connected to hydraulic telescoping cylinder rear end, counter weight 6 can be the counter weight, the structure is.

Referring to fig. 15, optionally, the counterweight 6 includes a counterweight arm 6a and a counterweight 6b, the tail of the rear arm 8 is connected to the middle of the counterweight arm 6a, and two ends of the counterweight arm 6a are respectively connected to the counterweight 6 b; because many working devices, such as hydraulic pipelines, electric circuits, oil cylinders, valve bodies and the like, can be installed right below the action range of the tail part of the small arm of the existing excavator, the embodiment can prevent the counterweight 6 from touching the devices when the rear arm body 2 moves downwards.

Referring to fig. 16, optionally, the counterweight arm 6a includes a counterweight arm cross arm 6a1 and a counterweight arm upright arm 6a2, two ends of the counterweight arm cross arm 6a1 are respectively connected with the counterweight arm upright arms 6a2, the lower end of each counterweight arm upright arm 6a2 is connected with a counterweight 6b, and the tail of the rear arm 8 is connected with the middle of the counterweight arm cross arm 6a1 at the upper part of the counterweight arm 6 a; the structure moves the position of the balancing weight downwards, so that the symmetry of the power arm and the resistance arm is improved, and the energy consumption of the excavator is further reduced.

In this embodiment, the form of the counterweight block 6b is not limited, for example, the counterweight block 6b may be an iron counterweight block to reduce the volume of the counterweight, or a counterweight block composed of a counterweight box with a heavy object placed therein may be selected, a detachable cover plate may be installed on the outer side of the counterweight box body to facilitate the placement and removal of the heavy object into and from the counterweight box, and the counterweight block of the counterweight box may be used to adjust the counterweight weight according to the load condition of the excavator during operation, thereby improving the energy saving adaptation range of the excavator; the interior of the weight box can be made into a grid structure by beams, columns or clapboards, so that small-sized counter weights with standard specifications can be conveniently placed and fixed; the structure can also enable the cavity of the weight box to be communicated with the cavity of the arm body of the weight arm 6a, the arm body of the weight arm 6a or the weight box is provided with an opening, and a cover plate is arranged outside the opening through a bolt, so that the structure is very convenient for adjusting the weight of the weight; the 8 arm bodies of back arm are the cavity, and the internal portion of arm that its rear end connects counterweight arm 6a also is the cavity, so the cavity between them can communicate each other, and 8 arm bodies of back arm or counterweight arm 6 a's arm sets up the trompil, and the apron is installed through the bolt to the trompil outside, and such connection structure makes things convenient for the total weight of adjustment back arm body 2 more.

The rear arm 8 in this embodiment may have any of the telescopic arm structures in embodiments 3 to 5.

The excavator boom provided by the present invention is described above by taking an excavator forearm as an example, and it should be noted that the present invention is different from the telescopic boom structure of the excavator in the prior art, the telescopic boom in the prior art extends in a direction towards the end of a working device such as an excavating bucket, and the purpose of the telescopic boom structure is to increase the excavating range, while the present embodiment is a telescopic structure at the tail of the boom, the telescopic direction extends towards the rear of the boom, and the tail of the telescopic structure is provided with a counterweight, so as to balance the weight in front of a boom spindle hole by the weight behind the boom spindle hole, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving of the excavator boom; the invention has the advantages that the structure is more compact and the adjustment is more convenient and reliable through the combination of the guide rail and the telescopic cylinder, the weight of the front part of the main shaft hole of the movable arm is balanced in a wider range under the condition that the total weight of the movable arm is not changed, the telescopic adjustment is convenient to work and transport, and the telescopic adjustable telescopic movable arm is suitable for different environment heights; therefore, compared with the existing excavator movable arm energy-saving technology, the excavator movable arm provided by the invention has the advantages of good energy-saving effect and strong practicability.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the excavator boom is taken as an example for description, the excavator boom is not limited to the excavator boom in practical application, and a person skilled in the art should understand widely that the technical scheme provided by the present invention not only solves the energy saving problem of the excavator boom, but also includes an action attitude perpendicular to the ground for the boom requiring various working angles and various working attitudes in the excavator work, especially in the action range of the boom, and for this type of excavator boom, there is no specific practical technical scheme at present, which can solve the energy saving problem of the boom, and has a convenient adjustment structure to adapt to the requirements of various working ranges, and at this time, the technical scheme can be completely adopted; for other movable arms, such as a small arm main shaft hole arranged on the rear arm body, the invention can also meet the energy-saving requirement of the small arm.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the telescopic cylinder is a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and in practical application, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder may also be used, and since the excavator tends to be electrically developed in the future, the telescopic cylinder may also be an electric telescopic cylinder to meet future development requirements.

It should be noted that, only some embodiments are given above, besides the solutions given in the above embodiments, the rear arm 2 may also be connected to other positions of the front arm 1 through the guide rail 5, for example, the rear arm 2 may also be connected to the upper side, the lower side, the two sides, the tail portion, etc. of the front arm through the guide rail 5, and the number of the rear arm and the guide rail is not limited, and may be selected according to practical applications.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the counterweight and the rear arm may be detachably connected, or may be fixedly connected together, or the counterweight may be integrally connected with the rear arm, and the counterweight may be built in the rear arm, or may be an additional counterweight installed at the tail of the rear arm, which is specifically adopted and may be selected according to actual situations; the telescopic cylinder is connected with the front arm body and the rear arm body in a direct connection mode, an indirect connection mode is also included, such as an indirect connection mode formed by other elements, a rigid connection mode or a flexible connection mode is also included, and the telescopic cylinder is mainly used for adjusting the distance between the front arm body and the balance weight.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses an excavator, which comprises the excavator movable arm as above; the excavator comprises the same structure and beneficial effects as the excavator movable arm in the previous embodiment; the structure and beneficial effects of the excavator boom have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, and therefore, the detailed description is not repeated.

It should be noted that the present invention is not only suitable for hydraulic excavators, but also applicable to electric excavators and electric booms in future development.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention; any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.