阅读说明：本技术 介质为氢气的高温超高压容器 (High-temperature ultrahigh-pressure container with hydrogen as medium ) 是由 张羽 范志霞 周凤葆 宋小波 赵林伟 郝新辉 赵东 王博 于 2020-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种使用温度在400℃以下的介质为氢气的高温超高压容器,包括外管体、外管体中的内衬、通过预紧螺栓固定在外管体端面上的端盖、设在内衬端面上的端盖内衬,在内衬端面与端盖内衬之间设有密封垫,端盖内衬靠紧固螺栓穿过端盖压紧在内衬的端面上,在端盖内衬与内衬之间的腔体中充满氢气,外管体与内衬通过热套装的方式进行装配,外管体提供强度,内衬具备抗氢性能,外管体、端盖、预紧螺栓采用35CrNi3MoV或者36CrNi3MoV钢进行加工制造,内衬与端盖内衬选用热膨胀系数与35CrNi3MoV或者36CrNi3MoV钢相近的NO6625奥氏体不锈钢材料,密封垫选用316L材料,解决了介质为氢气的超高压容器材料发生氢脆的技术难题。(The invention relates to a high-temperature and ultrahigh-pressure container using hydrogen as a medium with the temperature below 400 ℃, which comprises an outer pipe body, a lining in the outer pipe body, an end cover fixed on the end face of the outer pipe body through a pretightening bolt, an end cover lining arranged on the end face of the lining, a sealing gasket is arranged between the end surface of the lining and the end cover lining, the end cover lining passes through the end cover by a fastening bolt and is tightly pressed on the end surface of the lining, the cavity between the end cover liner and the inner liner is filled with hydrogen, the outer tube body and the inner liner are assembled in a hot sleeving manner, the outer tube body provides strength, the inner liner has hydrogen resistance, the outer tube body, the end cover and the pre-tightening bolt are processed and manufactured by adopting 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV steel, the inner liner and the end cover liner are made of NO6625 austenitic stainless steel materials with thermal expansion coefficients similar to those of the 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV steel, and the sealing gasket is made of 316L materials, so that the technical problem that hydrogen embrittlement occurs to an ultrahigh-pressure container material with hydrogen as a medium is solved.)

1. The utility model provides a medium is high temperature superhigh pressure container of hydrogen, includes outer body (2), sets up inside lining (3) in outer body (2), fixes end cover (1) on two terminal surfaces of outer body (2), sets up end cover inside lining (6) on inside lining (3) terminal surface through pretension bolt (5), its characterized in that: a sealing gasket (4) is arranged between the end face of the lining (3) and the end cover lining (6), the end cover lining (6) passes through the end cover (1) by a fastening bolt (7) and is pressed on the end face of the lining (3), an internal medium filled in a cavity formed between the end cover lining (6) and the lining (3) is hydrogen and can operate at 400 ℃, the outer pipe body (2) and the lining (3) are assembled in a hot sleeving manner, the outer pipe body provides strength, the lining has hydrogen resistance, two ends of the outer pipe body are in a structural form of end face metal hard sealing, the outer pipe body (2), the end cover (1) and the pre-tightening bolt (5) are made of 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV steel, the lining (3) and the end cover lining (6) are made of NO6625 austenitic stainless steel materials with thermal expansion coefficients close to those of the 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV steel, and the sealing gasket is made of 316L materials.

2. A high temperature ultra high pressure vessel of hydrogen as a medium in claim 1, wherein: the wall thickness of the inner liner (3) and the end cover inner liner (6) is 40 mm.

3. A high temperature ultra high pressure vessel of hydrogen as a medium in claim 1, wherein: the wall thickness of the outer tube body (2) is calculated according to a blasting pressure method, and the safety factor is more than or equal to 2.2, namely P_b/P_sNot less than 2.2, wherein P_bIs the burst pressure of the outer body, P_sDesign pressure, burst pressure, for vessels Is the tensile strength of the material at the design temperature,k is the ratio of the outer diameter of the outer tube to the inner diameter of the outer tube, which is the yield strength of the material at the design temperature.

4. A high temperature ultra high pressure vessel of hydrogen as a medium in claim 1, wherein: minimum calculated thickness of end cap (1)D_cCalculated diameter for end caps, K₁For the structural feature coefficient, take 0.25, [ sigma ]]^tFor the allowable stress of the material at the design temperature,

5. a high temperature ultra high pressure vessel of hydrogen as a medium in claim 1, wherein: determining the number of the pre-tightening bolts (5) according to the inner diameter of the container, wherein the inner diameter d1 is less than or equal to 103mm, and the number n of the pre-tightening bolts (5) is 8; when d1 is more than 103mm and less than or equal to 280mm, the number n of the pre-tightening bolts (5) is 16; when d1 is more than 280mm and less than or equal to 350mm, the number n of the pre-tightening bolts (5) is 20.

6. A high temperature ultra high pressure vessel of hydrogen as a medium in claim 1, wherein: determining the diameter d of the bolts as a function of the number of pre-tensioning bolts (5) and the total load of the pre-tensioning bolts (5)₂，WhereinThe total load omega being F + F_aF is an axial force caused by internal pressureD_GIs the mean diameter of the sealing surface, pre-tightening force F_a＝1.57D_Gbp_stan (alpha-rho), b is the effective height of the sealing gasket (4), alpha is the angle of taper of the sealing surface of 75 degrees, and rho is the angle of contact between steel and steel of 8.5 degrees.

7. A high temperature ultra high pressure vessel of hydrogen as a medium in claim 1, wherein: according to the inner diameter D of the outer pipe body (2) and a hot assembly interference range formula delta D, the hot assembly interference is calculated and determined according to the formula delta D which is 1-3 permillage D.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of design and manufacture of hydrogen storage ultrahigh pressure containers, and particularly relates to a high-temperature ultrahigh pressure container using hydrogen as a medium at the temperature of below 400 ℃.

Background

Hydrogen is an important energy source in the 21 st century, can be stored and transported, and can be used as a test medium under the working conditions of some high-temperature high-pressure containers. The hydrogen is inflammable and explosive, the container material is easy to generate hydrogen embrittlement, the requirement is that the material of the container has hydrogen resistance when the strength is enough, the current 316L material has proved to have good hydrogen embrittlement resistance, but the mechanical property is lower, particularly the yield strength at 400 ℃ is only 96MPa, the material is not suitable for being used as steel for a main pressure-bearing element in an ultrahigh pressure container, NO6625 which is austenitic stainless steel together with 316L has good mechanical property and corrosion resistance under the high temperature condition, but the strength of the NO6625 is still different from that of the steel 35CrNi3MoV and 36CrNi3MoV for a pressure container, and the steel of the NO6625 cannot be made into a large tonnage whether a forged piece or a steel plate due to the manufacturing reason. For the above reasons, especially at the use temperature of 400 ℃, the design and manufacture requirements of the ultrahigh pressure vessel using hydrogen as the working medium are difficult to meet by using one material singly.

Content of patent

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a high-temperature ultrahigh-pressure container using hydrogen as a medium at the temperature of 400 ℃.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:

a high-temperature ultrahigh-pressure container with hydrogen as medium comprises an outer tube body, a lining arranged in the outer tube body, end covers fixed on two end faces of the outer tube body through pretightening bolts, end cover linings arranged on the end faces of the lining, sealing gaskets arranged between the end faces of the lining and the end cover linings, the end cover linings are tightly pressed on the end faces of the lining by penetrating through the end covers by fastening bolts, the internal medium filled in a cavity formed between the end cover linings and the lining is hydrogen and can operate at 400 ℃, the outer tube body and the lining are assembled in a hot sleeving manner, the outer tube body provides strength, the lining has hydrogen resistance, two ends of the outer tube body are made of end face metal hard sealing structural form, the outer tube body, the end covers and the pretightening bolts are made of 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV steel, the lining and the end cover linings are made of NO6625 austenitic stainless steel material with thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi, the material of the sealing gasket is 316L.

The wall thickness of the inner liner and the end cap inner liner is 40 mm.

The wall thickness of the outer tube body is calculated according to a blasting pressure method, and the safety factor is more than or equal to 2.2, namely P_b/P_sNot less than 2.2, wherein P_bIs the burst pressure of the outer body, P_sDesign pressure, burst pressure, for vessels Is the tensile strength of the material at the design temperature,k is the ratio of the outer diameter of the outer tube to the inner diameter of the outer tube, which is the yield strength of the material at the design temperature.

Minimum calculated thickness of end capD_cCalculated diameter for end caps, K₁For the structural feature coefficient, take 0.25, [ sigma ]]^tFor the allowable stress of the material at the design temperature,

determining the number of pre-tightening bolts according to the inner diameter of the container, wherein the inner diameter d1 is less than or equal to 103mm, and the number n of the pre-tightening bolts is 8; when d1 is more than 103mm and less than or equal to 280mm, the number n of the pre-tightening bolts is 16; when d1 is more than 280mm and less than or equal to 350mm, the number n of the pre-tightening bolts is 20.

Determining the diameter d of the bolts according to the number of pre-tightening bolts and the total load of the pre-tightening bolts₂，WhereinThe total load omega being F + F_aF is an axial force caused by internal pressure，D_GIs the mean diameter of the sealing surface, pre-tightening force F_a＝1.57D_Gbp_stan (alpha-rho), b is the effective height of the seal, alpha is the angle of taper of the seal face of 75 degrees, and rho is the angle of contact of the steel with the steel of 8.5 degrees.

And calculating and determining the hot assembly interference according to the inner diameter D of the outer pipe body and a hot assembly interference range formula delta D which is 1-3 permillage D.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention designs an ultrahigh pressure vessel with the use temperature of below 400 ℃ and the medium of hydrogen, which has hydrogen resistance under the condition of sufficient strength and can meet the requirement of running in a high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a container of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the container of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional shape of the gasket of the present invention.

Shown in the figure: 1. end cover, 2, outer pipe body, 3, inside lining, 4, sealing gasket, 5, pretension bolt, 6, end cover inside lining, 7, fastening bolt.

Detailed Description

As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, a high-temperature and ultrahigh-pressure container with hydrogen as a medium comprises an outer tube body 2, a lining 3 arranged in the outer tube body 2, end covers 1 fixed on two end faces of the outer tube body 2 through pretightening bolts 5, an end cover lining 6 arranged on the end face of the lining 3, a sealing gasket 4 arranged between the end face of the lining 3 and the end cover lining 6, the end cover lining 6 tightly presses the end face of the lining 3 through the end cover 1 by a pretightening bolt 7, the inner medium filled in a cavity formed between the end cover lining 6 and the lining 3 is hydrogen and can operate at 400 ℃, the outer tube body 2 and the lining 3 are assembled in a hot sleeving manner, the outer tube body provides strength, the lining has hydrogen resistance, the two ends of the outer tube body adopt a structural form of end face metal hard sealing, the outer tube body 2, the end covers 1 and the pretightening bolts 5 are processed and manufactured by 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3Mo, the lining 3 and the end cover lining 6 are made of NO6625 austenitic stainless steel materials with the thermal expansion coefficient similar to 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV steel, and the sealing gasket is made of 316L materials.

The wall thickness of the liner 3 and the end cap liner 6 is 40 mm.

The wall thickness of the outer tube body 2 is calculated according to a blasting pressure method, and the safety factor is more than or equal to 2.2, namely P_b/P_sNot less than 2.2, wherein P_bIs the burst pressure of the outer body, P_sDesign pressure, burst pressure, for vessels Is the tensile strength of the material at the design temperature,k is the ratio of the outer diameter of the outer tube to the inner diameter of the outer tube, which is the yield strength of the material at the design temperature.

Minimum calculated thickness of end cap 1D_cCalculated diameter for end caps, K₁For the structural feature coefficient, take 0.25, [ sigma ]]^tFor the allowable stress of the material at the design temperature,

determining the number of the pre-tightening bolts 5 according to the inner diameter of the container, wherein the inner diameter d1 is less than or equal to 103mm, and the number n of the pre-tightening bolts 5 is 8; when d1 is more than 103mm and less than or equal to 280mm, the number n of the pre-tightening bolts 5 is 16; when d1 is more than 280mm and less than or equal to 350mm, the number n of the pre-tightening bolts 5 is 20.

Determining the diameter d of the bolts on the basis of the number of pre-tensioning bolts 5 and the total load of the pre-tensioning bolts 5₂，WhereinThe total load omega being F + F_aF is an axial force caused by internal pressure，D_GIs the mean diameter of the sealing surface, pre-tightening force F_a＝1.57D_Gbp_stan (α - ρ), b is the effective height of the gasket 4, α is the seal face cone angle at 75 °, ρ is the steel-to-steel contact angle at 8.5 °.

According to the inner diameter D of the outer pipe body 2 and a hot assembly interference range formula delta D, the hot assembly interference is calculated and determined according to the formula delta D which is 1-3 permillage D.

The container mainly comprises an outer tube body 2, a lining 3, an end cover 1, an end cover lining 6, a pre-tightening bolt 5, a fastening bolt 7 and a sealing gasket 4, wherein the lining 3 and the end cover lining 6 are in direct contact with a hydrogen medium and need to have hydrogen resistance, the outer tube body 2 and the end cover 1 as main pressure-bearing elements need to have enough strength, and the structure of the container is shown in figures 1 and 2.

The outer tube body 2 and the end cover 1 are made of 35CrNi3MoV or 36CrNi3MoV forged pieces, the forged pieces are machined after heat treatment, and the strength of the inner lining is not considered when the thickness of the outer tube body is calculated. The inner liner 3 and the end cover inner liner 6 are made of NO6625 steel plates, and the inner liner 3 is made of steel plates and allows a transverse welding line.

The outer pipe body 2 and the inner liner 3 are assembled in an interference fit manner by a hot-assembling processing method. The gasket 4 is made of a 316L stainless steel material softer than NO6625 but also having hydrogen resistance, and is mounted on the liner in a position where the cross-sectional dimension of the gasket is isosceles trapezoid and the sealing surface taper angle α is 75 ° as shown in fig. 3.

The fastening bolt 7 is used for connecting the end cover 1 and the end cover liner 6. The pre-tightening bolt 5 is used for connecting the end cover 1 and the outer pipe body 2 and providing pre-tightening force for the sealing gasket. The inlet or outlet opening of the container is located on the end cap and the sealing position is placed on the end cap liner. The wall thickness of the processed inner liner and the end cover inner liner is 40 mm.