阅读说明：本技术 气门旋转装置 (Valve rotating device ) 是由 乌尔里希·勃姆 于 2019-11-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的优选为进气门或排气门的气门(10)的气门旋转装置(24)。气门旋转装置(24)具有用于在朝向气门(10)的关闭位置的方向上预加载气门(10)的气门复位弹簧(22)以及被布置为在气门复位弹簧(22)和使用润滑液润滑的支撑面(44)之间操作性地连接的碟形弹簧(40)。在碟形弹簧(40)的圆周上,优选在其内圆周上布置有至少部分周向的,优选为整个周向的轴环部分(46)。轴环部分(46)可以减少磨损和/或改善气门旋转装置(24)的可装配性。(The invention relates to a valve rotation device (24) for a valve (10), preferably an intake valve or an exhaust valve, of an internal combustion engine. The valve rotation device (24) has a valve return spring (22) for preloading the valve (10) in a direction towards the closed position of the valve (10) and a belleville spring (40) arranged in operative connection between the valve return spring (22) and a support surface (44) lubricated with a lubricating liquid. An at least partially circumferential, preferably completely circumferential collar portion (46) is arranged on the circumference, preferably on the inner circumference, of the disk spring (40). The collar portion (46) may reduce wear and/or improve the assemblability of the valve rotating device (24).)

1. A valve rotating apparatus (24) for a valve (10) of an internal combustion engine, preferably an intake valve or an exhaust valve, comprising:

a valve return spring (22) for preloading the valve (10) in a direction towards a closed position of the valve (10); and

a disc spring (40) arranged to be operatively connected between the valve return spring (22) and a support surface (44) lubricated with a lubricating fluid,

wherein the disc spring (40) is designed such that when the valve (10) is opened, it is pressed into a flat shape, preferably parallel to the support surface (44), by the force of the valve return spring (22), and in the flat shape it is supported by sliding friction by the lubricating liquid between the disc spring (40) and the support surface (44) to rotate the valve,

wherein an at least partially circumferential, preferably entirely circumferential collar portion (46) is arranged on the circumference of the disk spring (40), preferably on the inner circumference of the disk spring.

2. A valve rotating device (24) according to claim 1, wherein the disc spring (40) comprises an elastically deformable main body portion (48), preferably having a conical and annular disc shape, and:

the collar portion (46) is angled relative to the body portion (48), and/or

The collar portion (46) extends from the resilient body (48).

3. A valve rotating device (24) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the collar portion (46) circumscribes an inner circumference of the disc spring (40), and/or

The collar portion (46) is designed to extend substantially parallel and/or coaxial to a valve axis of the valve (10) and/or a longitudinal axis of a valve body (18) of the valve (10).

4. A valve rotating device (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein:

the collar portion (46) is arranged to radially support the disc spring (40), preferably with respect to a valve axis (A) of the valve (10).

5. A valve rotating device (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein:

the collar portion (46) is arranged to flatly contact a valve element of the valve (10), preferably a valve guide (20) of the valve (10).

6. A valve rotating device (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein:

the belleville spring (40) includes the collar portion (46).

7. A valve rotating device (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein:

the cylinder head (14) includes the support surface (44).

8. The valve rotating apparatus (24) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

-a ring element (42), preferably another disc spring or ring washer, wherein the ring element (42) comprises the support surface (44).

9. A valve rotating apparatus (24) according to claim 8, wherein:

the annular element (42) is arranged to be operatively connected between the belleville spring (40) and the cylinder head (14).

10. A valve rotating device (24) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein:

the annular element (42) or the belleville spring (40) includes the collar portion (46).

11. The valve rotating apparatus (24) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein:

the ring element (42) comprises the collar portion (46), and the collar portion (46) partially surrounds the disk spring (40), preferably on the inner circumferential side; or

The disk spring (40) comprises the collar portion (46), and the collar portion (46) partially surrounds the annular element (42), preferably on the inner circumferential side.

12. The valve rotating apparatus (24) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein:

the belleville spring (40) and the annular element are captively held together by the collar portion (46) so that they form a common assembled unit.

13. A valve rotating apparatus (24) according to claim 12, wherein:

the assembly unit is formed such that it can be mounted both in an orientation in which the disk spring (40) is arranged on the side of the assembly unit facing the valve return spring (22) and in an opposite orientation in which the annular element (42) is arranged on the side of the assembly unit facing the valve return spring (22).

14. A valve rotating device (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein:

the disk spring (40) is arranged in a recess (38) of the cylinder head (14) which is filled or can be filled with lubricating liquid, and a further recess (50) of the cylinder head (14) for the collar portion (46) is arranged in the recess (38).

15. A motor vehicle, preferably a commercial vehicle, having a valve rotation device (24) according to any one of the preceding claims.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a valve rotating apparatus for a valve, preferably an intake valve or an exhaust valve, of an internal combustion engine.

Background

US 2827885 a discloses a valve rotation device with a washer and belleville spring (bellerfeder). Because the washers and belleville springs are located below the valve coil springs on the cylinder head, oil is typically supplied to the surfaces from the valve stem lubrication system and the rocker arm lubrication system. This means that there is always an adequate supply of lubricating oil from the engine lubrication system to the cylinder head and therefore there is always enough lubricating oil to lubricate the surfaces. This oil is forced out of the space between the surfaces when the belleville springs are compressed. However, there is sufficient delay in this oil leakage between the surfaces so that during a portion of the valve lift, a layer of oil film is trapped between the surfaces, increasing the frictionless supporting relationship while they are in adjusted or parallel relationship with each other.

US 2613656 a also discloses a valve rotating device having a disc spring. The belleville springs typically have a conical configuration and the pressure exerted by the valve coil spring on the belleville spring when the valve is closed is insufficient to press the belleville spring towards the abutment surface of the cylinder head. Thus, in the closed position, the outer lower edge of the belleville spring is in substantially linear contact with the surface with sufficient pressure to limit rotation of the belleville spring about the valve axis. As the load exerted by the valve coil spring on the disc spring increases when the valve is actuated to the open position, the disc spring folds, i.e., the disc spring bends in a flat configuration parallel to the surface. In the process, oil on the surface is temporarily trapped between the surface, the step and the disc spring and until the oil escapes from under the disc spring, it serves to support the disc spring with practically negligible rotational resistance. This delay in oil leakage and the resulting duration of float of the belleville springs is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to create an alternative and/or improved valve rotation device.

This object is achieved by the features of the independent claim 1. Advantageous further developments are given in the dependent claims and in the description.

The present invention provides a valve rotating apparatus for a valve (e.g., a poppet valve), preferably an intake valve or an exhaust valve, of an internal combustion engine. The valve rotation device comprises a valve return spring (e.g. in the form of a coil spring) for preloading the valve in a direction towards its closed position. The valve rotation device has a disc spring arranged in operative connection between the valve return spring and a (e.g. stationary) support surface (e.g. of the valve rotation device or of the cylinder head) lubricated with a lubricating fluid. The disc spring is designed such that it is (for example) pressed into a flat shape, preferably parallel to the support surface, under the force of the valve return spring when the valve is opened, and in the flat shape it is supported by sliding friction by the lubricating liquid between the disc spring and the support surface (for example via a displacement support) to rotate the valve. At least a partially circumferential collar section, preferably the entire circumferential collar section, is arranged on the circumference of the disk spring, preferably on the inner circumference of the disk spring.

Suitably, the collar portion can reduce wear of the valve rotating device. When the valve rotating device is rotated, the collar portion may, for example, prevent a disc spring that rotates during operation from cutting into another valve element (e.g., a valve guide) of the valve at the inner circumferential side. Conversely, the collar portion may provide a flat, wear-reducing system. The collar portion may also be designed such that it captively holds together a plurality of separate elements of the valve rotation device (e.g., a belleville spring and a valve return spring). Thus, for example, the mounting of the valve rotating device can be simplified. Additionally, the collar portion may properly center the belleville spring and/or the valve rotation device.

Preferably, the term "disc spring" as used herein may denote an elastically deformable, annular, flattenable element.

In one embodiment, the belleville spring includes an elastically deformable body portion that preferably has a conical and annular disc shape. Preferably, the collar portion may be at an angle relative to the body portion, for example an angle of 90 ° ± 50%, preferably an angle of 90 ° ± 25%. Alternatively or additionally, the collar portion may extend from the resilient body. Thus, for example, wear can be reduced particularly effectively by the collar portion.

In another exemplary embodiment, the collar portion circumscribes an inner circumference of the disc spring.

In a variant embodiment, the collar portion is designed to extend substantially parallel and/or coaxial to the valve axis of the valve and/or to the longitudinal axis of the valve body of the valve.

In another exemplary embodiment, the collar portion is arranged to support the belleville spring, preferably radially with respect to the valve axis of the valve. Thus, for example, wear can be reduced particularly effectively by the collar portion.

In an embodiment, the collar portion is arranged to flatly contact a valve element of the valve, preferably a valve guide of the valve. Thus, the collar portion may prevent or at least reduce wear of the belleville spring on the valve element.

In another embodiment, the belleville spring includes a collar portion. The collar part can thus be designed in a simple manner as part of a disk spring, which is, for example, a profiled sheet metal part.

In another embodiment, the cylinder head includes a bearing surface. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly simple configuration of the valve rotating apparatus.

In another embodiment, the valve rotation device comprises an annular element, which is preferably another disc spring or an annular washer. The annular element may preferably comprise a support surface. The support surface can thus be provided in a simple manner by the ring element. A further hard, low-wear contact surface or counter surface can thus be provided in a simple manner by the ring element.

For example, the annular element may be elastically deformable.

Suitably, the annular element may be supported in the cylinder head, preferably on a bottom surface of a recess in the cylinder head.

In a variant embodiment, the annular element is arranged to be operatively connected between the belleville spring and the cylinder head.

In another variant embodiment, the annular element or the belleville spring includes a collar portion. Thus, the collar portion may be part of the annular element or part of the belleville spring, as desired.

In an exemplary embodiment, the annular element comprises a collar portion. Preferably, the collar portion may partially surround the disc spring, preferably on the inner circumferential side. The annular element can thus captively hold the belleville spring by the collar portion. This simplifies installation.

In another exemplary embodiment, the belleville spring has a collar portion. Preferably, the collar portion may partially surround the belleville spring, preferably on the inner circumference side. Thus, the disk spring can captively hold the annular element by the collar portion. This simplifies installation.

In one embodiment, the belleville spring and annular member are captively held together by the collar portion. Preferably, they can thus be formed as a common assembly unit. This simplifies installation.

In a modified example, the fitting unit is formed such that it can be mounted both in an orientation in which the disc spring is arranged on the side of the fitting unit facing the valve return spring and in an opposite orientation in which the ring element is arranged on the side of the fitting unit facing the valve return spring. Thus, the fitting unit can be both-side mountable. Incorrect mounting can thus be prevented in a simple manner.

In another embodiment, the belleville springs are disposed in recesses of the cylinder head that are filled or able to be filled with lubricating fluid. Preferably, a further recess of the cylinder head for the collar portion may be arranged in this recess.

Suitably, the collar portion may be annular or sleeve-shaped.

For example, the height of the collar portion may be between 1mm and 20 mm.

For example, the valve rotation device and/or the disk spring may be arranged coaxially with the sliding valve body of the valve and/or coaxially with the valve guide of the valve.

Preferably, in the closed state of the valve, only an annular line contact is present between the disk spring and the support surface, preferably on the inner circumferential region of the disk spring.

For example, the belleville springs may contact the valve return spring and/or the bearing surface.

The annular element may also contact the belleville spring and/or the cylinder head, preferably the bottom surface of the recess of the cylinder head.

The invention also relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, wherein the cylinder head has a valve (e.g. an intake valve or an exhaust valve), a recess and a valve rotation device as disclosed herein, which is arranged partially in the recess.

The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, preferably a commercial vehicle (e.g. a lorry or bus), having a valve rotation device as disclosed herein.

The valve rotating apparatus as disclosed herein may also be used in passenger cars, high power engines, off-road vehicles, stationary engines, marine engines, and the like.

Drawings

The preferred embodiments and features of the invention described above may be combined with each other as desired. Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a half-sectional view of a closed valve with an exemplary valve rotation device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a half-sectional view of an open valve with an exemplary valve rotation device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a half-sectional view of a closed valve with another exemplary valve rotation device according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a half-sectional view of a closed valve with yet another exemplary valve rotation device according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

The embodiments shown in the figures are at least partly identical, so that similar or identical parts have the same reference numerals and are explained with reference also to other embodiments or to the figures in order to avoid repetitions.

Fig. 1 shows a valve 10 in a half-sectional view. Suitably, the valve 10 may be a valve of an internal combustion engine, for example a valve of a reciprocating piston engine. For example, the internal combustion engine may be a diesel internal combustion engine, a gasoline internal combustion engine, and/or a gaseous fuel internal combustion engine. Preferably, the valve 10 may connect the fluid passage 12 in the cylinder head 14 of the internal combustion engine and the combustion chamber 16 of the internal combustion engine to each other in an open state or separate them from each other in a closed state. For example, the valve 10 may be an intake valve, and the fluid passage 12 may be an intake passage of air or an air-fuel mixture. For example, the valve 10 may also be an exhaust valve and the fluid passage 12 may be an exhaust passage. Suitably, the internal combustion engine may be comprised in a motor vehicle, preferably a commercial vehicle. As shown, the valve 10 may be designed, for example, as a poppet valve.

The valve 10 has a valve body 18, a valve guide 20, a valve return spring 22, and a valve rotation device 24. Functionally, the valve return spring 22 may also be considered as part of the valve rotation device 24.

The valve body 18 has a valve stem 26 and a combustion chamber side closure 28, for example, in the form of a plate or disk. The valve stem 26 and the closure member 28 are connected to one another, preferably integrally formed. The valve body 18 may be moved back and forth in a sleeve-shaped valve guide 20, for example, to open and close the valve 10. The valve guide 20 may be disposed coaxially with the valve body 18 in the cylinder head 14.

In the closed state of the valve 10, the closure element 28 bears sealingly against a valve seat 30 in the cylinder head 14, as shown in fig. 1. The valve 10 forms a seal between the fluid passage 12 and the combustion chamber 16. In the open state of the valve 10 (see fig. 2), an annular clearance exists between the closure 28 and the valve seat 30 such that the fluid passage 12 and the combustion chamber 16 are in fluid communication with each other.

For opening and closing the valve 10, the valve 10 may be actuated, for example, by a suitable mechanical valve train (not shown). To open the valve 10, the valve train may press on the free end 32 of the valve stem 26 to lift the closure member 28 from the valve seat 30. For example, the valve train may have a force transmission element, such as a rocker arm, a drawbar or a tappet, for driving the valve 10 and a camshaft for driving the force transmission element. Other types of valve trains and drives may also be used to actuate the valve 10, for example electromagnetically or electrically.

A valve return spring 22 is operatively connected between the valve body 18 and the cylinder head 14. The valve return spring 22 preloads the valve 10 in the direction of the closed state. The valve return spring 22 thus closes the valve 10 when the valve 10 is no longer held open by the valve train. In particular, the valve return spring 22 may be designed as a helical spring. The valve return spring 22 may be disposed coaxially with the valve body 18 and the valve guide 20. The valve return spring 22 may be supported on a valve disc 34 of the valve 10. A valve disc 34 may be fastened to the free end 32 of the valve stem 26, for example, by a clamp 36. The clamping member 36 may, for example, engage in one or more circumferential grooves at the free end 32 of the valve stem 26. The valve return spring 22 and/or the valve disc 34 may also be connected to the valve stem 26 in different ways.

The valve return spring 22 is supported on the cylinder head 14 by a valve rotation device 24. The valve rotating device 24 is designed such that it can rotate the valve return spring 22 or the valve 10 when the valve 10 is opened and closed. The angular momentum of rotation may be generated by the helical shape of the valve return spring 22.

The valve rotation device 24 is at least partially disposed in the recess 38 of the cylinder head 14. During operation, a lubricating fluid, such as oil, collects in the recess 38. For example, lubricating liquid drips into the recess 38 from a valve train mechanism disposed above the recess 38.

In the illustrated embodiment, the valve rotation device 24 has a belleville spring 40 and an annular member 42. The annular element 42 can be designed, for example, as a further disk spring or as an annular washer. The disk spring 40 and/or the ring element 42 can be formed, for example, in each case as a sheet metal part, preferably as a sheet metal profile part.

The belleville spring 40 is disposed between the valve return spring 22 and the annular member 42. In the outer circumferential region of the disc spring 40, the upper side of the disc spring 40 is in contact with the valve return spring 22. On the inner circumferential area of the disk spring 40, the underside of the disk spring 40 is in contact with an annular element 42. In the closed state of the valve 10, there is suitably a line contact between the belleville spring 40 and the annular element 42.

An annular element 42 is disposed between the belleville spring 40 and the bottom surface of the recess 38. On the inner circumferential area of the ring element 42, the upper side of the ring element 42 is in contact with the disc spring 40. Preferably on the outer circumferential area of the ring element 42, the underside of the ring element 42 is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 38.

The upper side of the annular element 42 forms a support surface 44 for the disk spring 40. By arranging the ring element 42 in the recess 38, the support surface 44 is lubricated with the lubricating liquid in the recess 38. The disc spring 40 is designed such that it elastically deforms and flattens out when the valve 10 is opened (see fig. 2) due to the increased spring force of the valve return spring 22 until it is substantially parallel to the support surface 44. In the process, the ring element 42 can also be elastically deformed.

Lubricating fluid is forced out of the reduced gap between the support surface 44 and the underside of the belleville spring 40. However, the valve 10 is actuated very rapidly so that a film of lubricating liquid remains between the bearing surface 44 and the underside of the belleville spring 40. The lubricating liquid film allows the disc spring 40 to be supported by so-called displacementSupported on the support surface 44 in an approximately frictionless sliding friction manner, so that the valve return spring 22 can rotate. The film of lubricating fluid between the underside of the belleville spring 40 and the seating surface 44 absorbs the valve spring force. The belleville springs 40 and the annular member 42 are separated from each other by a film of lubricating fluid. The friction, in particular in the circumferential direction, is close to zero. The angular momentum due to the compression of the valve return spring 22 may rotate the valve 10. The rotation is for example independent of the specific rotational speed and the dynamics of the valve train。

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the belleville spring 40 has an elastically deformable body portion 48 and a circumferential collar portion 46. The body portion 48 has a conical and annular disk shape. The collar portion 46 is arranged on the inner circumferential side of the main body portion 48. The collar portion 46 extends from the body portion 48 at an angle relative to the body portion 48.

The collar portion 46 may flatten the Belleville spring 40 against the housing surface of the valve guide 20. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the disc spring 40 from continuously cutting into the valve guide 20 during its rotation, for example, by cutting, thereby wearing the valve guide 20 and the disc spring 40. Thus, the collar portion 46 serves to support the disc spring 40 in a radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis A of the valve 10. For example, the collar portion 46 may have a height in the range of a few millimeters or tens of millimeters.

For example, it is suitable that the annular element instead of the disk spring can also have a collar portion in order to prevent the disk spring and/or the annular element from cutting into the valve guide.

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the valve rotating device 24. Here, the collar portion 46 of the belleville spring 40 is arranged such that it engages the ring element 42 on the inner circumferential side. In particular, the collar portion 46 of the belleville spring 40 forms, together with the main body portion 48, an annular recess in which the annular element 42 is partially housed. Therefore, the annular member 42 can be appropriately held in a state of being captured by the disc spring 40 during installation of the valve rotating apparatus 24. The annular element 42 and the belleville spring 40 may thus form a common assembly unit which is easy to install.

In this exemplary embodiment, the ring element instead of the disc spring may also have a collar portion. The collar portion may partially surround the disc spring such that the disc spring and the annular element are captively held together.

The assembly unit formed by the belleville spring 40 and the annular element 42 may have the further advantage that it can be mounted on both sides. This means that the assembly unit formed by the disk spring 40 and the annular element 42 can be mounted both in the orientation in which the disk spring 40 is in contact with the valve return spring 22 and in the orientation in which the annular element 42 is in contact with the valve return spring 22. Since incorrect mounting is excluded, the assemblability can be further improved appropriately.

As shown in fig. 3, it is possible to form a further recess 50 for the collar portion 46 in the recess 38. The further recess 50 may partially receive the collar portion 46 when the valve 10 is open.

Fig. 4 shows another exemplary embodiment of the valve rotation device 24. Here, the valve rotating device 24 has only the disc spring 40. The support surface 44 of the belleville spring 40 is formed by the bottom surface of the recess 38.

The invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments described above. On the contrary, numerous variations and modifications are possible which likewise make use of the inventive concept and which therefore fall within the scope of protection. In particular, the invention also claims the subject matter and features of the dependent claims independent of the cited claims. In particular, the features of independent claim 1 are disclosed independently of one another. In addition, the features of the dependent claims are also disclosed independently of all features of the independent claim 1 and for example independently of features relating to the presence and/or the configuration of the valve return spring, the belleville spring and/or the collar portion of the independent claim 1. All ranges disclosed herein are to be understood as embracing each and every value falling within the respective range individually and, for example, also as correspondingly preferred narrower external limits on the respective ranges.

List of reference numerals

A valve axis

10 air valve

12 fluid channel

14 cylinder head

16 combustion chamber

18 valve body

20 valve guide

22 valve return spring

24-valve rotating device

26 valve stem

28 closure

30 valve seat

32 free end

34 air valve plate

36 clamping piece

38 recess

40 disc spring

42 annular element

44 support surface

46 collar portion

48 body part

50 another recess.