阅读说明：本技术 定子以及使用该定子的电动机 (Stator and motor using the same ) 是由 额田庆一郎 玉村俊幸 前田裕也 于 2019-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：定子(100)具备：磁轭(20)；齿(10),其与磁轭(20)连接；以及线圈(40),其包括板状的导线,并且安装于齿(10)。线圈(40)具有绕组部(43)、第1端子部(41)以及第2端子部(42)。绕组部(43)在齿(10)上卷绕n匝(n是2以上的整数)。对于绕组部(43),在线圈(40)的第k匝(k是整数且1≤k≤n)中,在将沿着齿(10)的轴向端面的第1部分(k1)的轴向上的高度设为Ak,将从第1部分(k1)的端部延伸并且沿着齿(10)的周向端面的第2部分(k2)的周向上的宽度设为Bk的情况下,满足Ak＜Bk的关系。(A stator (100) is provided with: a yoke (20); a tooth (10) connected to the yoke (20); and a coil (40) which includes a plate-shaped wire and is attached to the teeth (10). The coil (40) has a winding section (43), a1 st terminal section (41), and a 2 nd terminal section (42). The winding section (43) winds the teeth (10) by n turns (n is an integer of 2 or more). In a k-th turn (k is an integer and 1 ≦ k ≦ n) of the coil (40), a relationship of Ak < Bk is satisfied when a height in the axial direction of a 1-th portion (k1) along an axial end surface of the tooth (10) is Ak and a width in the circumferential direction of a 2-th portion (k2) extending from an end of the 1-th portion (k1) and along a circumferential end surface of the tooth (10) is Bk.)

1. A stator including at least an annular yoke, a tooth connected to the yoke, and a coil including a plate-like lead wire and attached to the tooth,

the coil has:

1 st terminal part;

a winding portion electrically connected to the 1 st terminal portion; and

a 2 nd terminal portion located closer to a tip end of the tooth than the 1 st terminal portion and electrically connected to the winding portion,

the winding portion is wound on the teeth for n turns, n being an integer of 2 or more,

in the coil portion, when a height in an axial direction of a1 st portion along an axial end surface of the tooth in a k-th turn of the coil is represented by Ak, and a width in a circumferential direction of a 2 nd portion located beside the 1 st portion from the 1 st terminal portion toward the 2 nd terminal portion and extending from an end of the 1 st portion along a circumferential end surface of the tooth is represented by Bk, a relationship of Ak < Bk is satisfied, where k is an integer and 1. ltoreq. k.ltoreq.n.

2. The stator according to claim 1,

the 1 st to nth turns have the same height in the axial direction of the 1 st portion.

3. The stator according to claim 1,

the height in the axial direction of the 1 st portion decreases from the 1 st turn toward the nth turn.

4. The stator according to claim 3,

when the maximum value among the heights of the 1 st part of the 1 st to nth turns in the axial direction is Amax, and the minimum value among the widths of the 1 st to nth turns in the circumferential direction of the 2 nd part is Bmin, the relationship of Amax < Bmin is satisfied.

5. The stator according to claim 1,

the height Ak is higher than any one of heights A1-Ak-1 of the 1 st part of the 1 st to (k-1) th turns in the axial direction and is higher than any one of heights Ak + 1-An of the 1 st part of the (k +1) th to nth turns in the axial direction, or,

the height Ak is lower than any of the heights A1-Ak-1 and lower than any of the heights Ak + 1-An.

6. The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

the 1 st portion is located at a region opposite to the teeth in the axial direction,

the 2 nd portion is located at least in a region opposite to the teeth in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.

7. An electric motor, characterized in that,

the motor is provided with at least the stator according to any one of claims 1 to 6; and

a rotor disposed at a predetermined interval from the stator.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a stator and a motor using the same.

Background

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for electric motors for industrial and vehicle-mounted applications. Among them, downsizing and improvement in efficiency of the motor are desired.

As one of methods for suppressing an increase in the volume of the motor and improving the efficiency, it is known to increase the slot fill factor of the coils disposed in the slots of the stator. By increasing the slot fill factor of the coil, it is possible to suppress loss due to a current flowing through the coil when the motor is driven.

As a method for increasing the space factor of the coil, a structure has been proposed in which a cast coil using a copper material is disposed in a slot (see, for example, patent document 1). In this configuration, in order to increase the slot fill factor, the cross section of the coil is formed in a square shape, and the wire diameter is increased.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: german patent application publication No. 102012212637

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

In recent years, the number of motors used in vehicles, industrial equipment, and the like has increased, and further miniaturization has been demanded for each motor.

However, in the conventional configuration shown in patent document 1, the wire diameter of the coil is increased to increase the slot fill factor of the coil. Therefore, the axial end of the coil, specifically, the height of the portion (hereinafter referred to as the coil end) protruding from the slot in the direction of the output shaft of the motor also increases, and it is difficult to sufficiently miniaturize the coil and the motor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stator having a reduced height of a coil end and a motor using the stator.

Means for solving the problems

In order to achieve the above object, a stator according to the present invention includes at least an annular yoke, a tooth connected to the yoke, and a coil including a plate-shaped lead wire and attached to the tooth, the coil including: 1 st terminal part; a winding portion electrically connected to the 1 st terminal portion; and a 2 nd terminal portion electrically connected to the winding portion, wherein the winding portion is wound around the tooth for n turns (n is an integer of 2 or more), and in a k-th turn (k is an integer and 1. ltoreq. k.ltoreq.n) of the coil, when a height in an axial direction of a1 st portion along an axial end surface of the tooth is Ak, and a width in a circumferential direction of a 2 nd portion extending from an end of the 1 st portion and along a circumferential end surface of the tooth is Bk, a relationship of Ak < Bk is satisfied.

With this configuration, the height in the axial direction of the 1 st portion corresponding to the coil end can be reduced, and the stator can be downsized. Further, the heat radiation performance of the stator can be maintained without reducing the amount of heat radiation from the coil.

The motor according to the present invention is characterized by comprising at least the stator and a rotor provided at a predetermined interval from the stator.

With this configuration, the height of the stator can be reduced, and the motor can be downsized.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

According to the stator of the present invention, the height of the coil end can be reduced, and the stator can be miniaturized. In addition, the heat radiation performance of the stator can be maintained. According to the motor of the present invention, the height of the stator can be reduced, and the motor can be miniaturized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the k-th turn of the coil viewed from the radial direction.

Fig. 3A is a perspective view of a coil wound around a tooth.

FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along lines IIIB-IIIB of FIG. 3A.

FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIC-IIIC of FIG. 3A.

Fig. 4A is a perspective view of a coil wound around a tooth according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVB-IVB of FIG. 4A.

FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along lines IVC-IVC of FIG. 4A.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coil end of a modification.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its applications, or uses.

(embodiment mode 1)

[ Structure of Motor ]

Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a motor according to the present embodiment. In the following description, the radial direction of the motor 1000 may be referred to as the "radial direction", the outer circumferential direction may be referred to as the "circumferential direction", and the extending direction of the output shaft 210 of the motor 1000 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of fig. 1) may be referred to as the "axial direction". In the radial direction, the center side of the motor 1000 may be referred to as the radially inner side, and the outer peripheral side may be referred to as the radially outer side.

Motor 1000 has stator 100 and rotor 200. The motor 1000 includes other components, for example, a motor housing and a bearing for pivotally supporting the output shaft, but for convenience of explanation, illustration and explanation thereof are omitted.

The stator 100 has: an annular yoke 20; a plurality of teeth 10 coupled to an inner circumference of the yoke 20 and disposed at equal intervals along the inner circumference; grooves 30 provided between circumferentially adjacent teeth 10, respectively; and a coil 40 accommodated in the slot 30, and the stator 100 is disposed radially outward of the rotor 200 at a predetermined interval from the rotor 200.

The teeth 10 and the yoke 20 are formed by, for example, laminating electromagnetic steel sheets containing silicon or the like and then punching the laminated sheets. The coil 40 is a member in which a plate-shaped conductive wire made of copper or the like having a rectangular cross section is wound by n turns (n is an integer of 2 or more), is attached to each of the plurality of teeth 10 with an insulator not shown interposed therebetween, and is accommodated in the slot 30. In the present embodiment, the coils may be referred to as coils U1 to U4, V1 to V4, and W1 to W4, respectively, depending on the phase of the current flowing through the coil 40. Further, the coil 40 is wound around the teeth 10 in a concentrated manner.

The rotor 200 has: an output shaft 210 disposed at the axial center; and magnets that face the stator 100 and have N and S poles alternately arranged along the outer circumferential direction of the output shaft 210. The material, shape, and material of the magnet may be appropriately changed in accordance with the output of the motor 1000.

Coils U1 to U4, V1 to V4, and W1 to W4 are connected in series, and coils U1 to U4, V1 to V4, and W1 to W4 are supplied with 3-phase currents of U, V, W phases having a phase difference of 120 ° in electrical angle with each other and excited, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field in stator 100. The rotating magnetic field interacts with a magnetic field generated by a magnet 220 provided in the rotor 200, so that torque is generated in the rotor 200, and the output shaft 210 rotates while being supported by a bearing, not shown.

[ Structure of coil ]

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the k-th turn of the coil according to the present embodiment as viewed in the radial direction. Fig. 3A is a perspective view of a coil wound around a tooth, fig. 3B is a sectional view taken along line iiib-iiib in fig. 3A, and fig. 3C is a sectional view taken along line iiic-iiic in fig. 3A.

As shown in fig. 3A to 3C, the coil 40 is a member in which a plate-shaped conductive wire is wound by n turns (n is an integer of 2 or more), and includes a1 st terminal portion 41, a 2 nd terminal portion 42, and a winding portion 43. An insulating coating (not shown) is provided on the surface of the coil 40. The portion of the winding portion 43 extending along the axial end face of the tooth 10 corresponds to the coil end portion 44.

When the coil 40 is mounted on the tooth 10, the 1 st terminal portion 41 is located on the base end side of the tooth 10, and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 is located on the tip end side of the tooth 10, that is, located closer to the tip end of the tooth 10 than the 1 st terminal portion 41. The winding portion 43 is connected to the 1 st terminal portion 41 at the 1 st connection portion 41a and to the 2 nd terminal portion 42 at the 2 nd connection portion 42 a. That is, the winding portion 43 is electrically connected to the 1 st terminal portion 41 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42. The winding portion 43 is wound around the tooth 10 from the 1 st connection point 41a to the 2 nd connection point 42a by n turns.

The 1 st terminal portion 41 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 are connected to terminal portions of the other coils 40 via a power supply line, a neutral line, a jumper line (japanese: a cross し), a bus bar, and the like, which are not shown from the outside. In the case where the coil 40 is formed by winding 1 conductive wire, the 1 st terminal portion 41 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 correspond to portions where both ends of the winding portion 43 extend. The 1 st terminal portion 41 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 may be soldered to both ends of the winding portion 43, i.e., the 1 st connection site 41a and the 2 nd connection site 42a, respectively, and may be mounted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIGS. 3A to 3C, the k-th turn (k is an integer and 1. ltoreq. k.ltoreq.n) of the coil 40 has: a1 st portion k1 arranged along an axial end face of the tooth 10; and a 2 nd portion k2 located beside the 1 st portion k1 from the 1 st terminal portion 41 toward the 2 nd terminal portion 42, the 2 nd portion k2 extending from an end of the 1 st portion k1 and being arranged along a circumferential end surface of the tooth, the 1 st portion k1 corresponding to a part of the coil end 44. In addition, the 1 st portion k1 is located at a region opposed to the tooth 10 in the axial direction, and the 2 nd portion k2 is located at least at a region opposed to the tooth 10 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.

When the height in the axial direction of the teeth 10 of the 1 st segment k1 is Ak and the width in the circumferential direction of the teeth 10 of the 2 nd segment k2 is Bk, the coil 40 is configured such that the height Ak and the width Bk satisfy the relationship Ak < Bk. As shown in fig. 3B, the coil 40 is configured such that the heights a1 to An are the same for the 1 st turn to the nth turn, respectively, and in this case, a. On the other hand, in the 1 st to nth turns, the widths B1 to Bn of the coil 40 become narrower as they are located radially inward, that is, as they are located on the tip end side of the tooth 10, as shown in fig. 3C.

In practice, since the coil 40 is attached to the tooth 10 with An insulator not shown interposed therebetween, the heights a1 to An (a) are distances from the surface of the insulator to the axial end face of the 1 st segment k1, and the widths B1 to Bn are distances from the surface of the insulator to the circumferential outer side face of the 2 nd segment k 2.

[ Effect and the like ]

The stator 100 of the present embodiment includes at least: an annular yoke 20; a tooth 10 connected to the yoke 20; and a coil 40 including a plate-shaped wire and attached to the tooth 10. The coil 40 has: the 1 st terminal portion 41; a winding portion 43 electrically connected to the 1 st terminal portion 41; and a 2 nd terminal portion 42 which is located closer to the tip of the tooth 10 than the 1 st terminal portion 41 and is electrically connected to the winding portion 43, and the winding portion 43 is wound on the tooth by n turns (n is an integer of 2 or more).

The relation Ak < Bk is satisfied in the winding portion 43, where Ak is the height of the 1 st part k1 along the axial end face of the tooth 10 in the k-th turn of the coil 40 (k is an integer and 1. ltoreq. k.ltoreq.n), and Bk is the width in the circumferential direction of the 2 nd part k2 extending from the 1 st terminal portion 41 toward the 2 nd terminal portion 42 and located beside the 1 st part k1 and from the end of the 1 st part k1 along the circumferential end face of the tooth 10.

By configuring the coil 40 in this manner, the height Ak of the 1 st portion k1 corresponding to the coil end 44 can be reduced, and the stator 100 can be downsized. Further, the 1 st part k1 is located at a region opposed to the tooth 10 in the axial direction, and the 2 nd part k2 is located at least at a region opposed to the tooth 10 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.

Further, in the 1 st to nth turns, the widths B1 to Bn are made narrower as they are located on the tip side of the tooth 10, so that the slot fill factor of the coil 40 housed in the slot 30 can be increased.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, the coil 40 can be downsized without greatly reducing the heat radiation performance of the coil 40. This case will be further described. Heat generated in the coil 40 accommodated in the slot 30 is mainly transferred to the tooth 10, and is transferred to the yoke 20 through the tooth 10. Further, heat is radiated from a housing of the motor, not shown, or the like to the atmosphere or a heat radiation member provided separately.

On the other hand, at the coil end 44 which is a portion protruding from the slot 30, heat transfer to the tooth 10 and the yoke 20 is hardly caused, and heat is directly radiated to the atmosphere. However, the heat is likely to accumulate in the coil end 44 because the thermal conductivity of the air is smaller than that of the electromagnetic steel plates constituting the teeth 10 and the yoke 20, the insulator (not shown) attached to the teeth 10 and made of resin, and the like.

On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, by making the height Ak of the 1 st portion k1 smaller than the width Bk of the 2 nd portion, the volume of the coil end 44 can be reduced, and the amount of heat accumulated in the coil end 44 can be reduced. Further, the distance between the upper surface of the 1 st portion k1 and the tooth 10 can be shortened, and the amount of heat transfer from the coil end 44 to the tooth 10 and the yoke 20 can be increased.

In addition, in the portion that is accommodated in the groove 30 and contributes to heat dissipation, that is, in the 2 nd portion k2, the width Bk in the circumferential direction is secured so that the groove filling factor of the coil 40 is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and for example, heat dissipation performance of the coil 40 equivalent to that of the conventional structure disclosed in patent document 1 can be realized.

The motor 1000 of the present embodiment includes at least a stator 100 and a rotor 200 provided at a predetermined interval from the stator 100.

According to the present embodiment, the height of the coil 40 and the stator 100 can be reduced, and the motor 1000 can be downsized. Further, the same heat radiation performance as that of the conventional structure can be achieved in motor 1000.

(embodiment mode 2)

Fig. 4A is a perspective view of a coil wound around a tooth according to the present embodiment, fig. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line ivb-ivb of fig. 4A, and fig. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line ivc-ivc of fig. 4A. In fig. 4A to 4C, the same portions as those in embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

The structure described in this embodiment differs from the structure described in embodiment 1 in the following points. First, the coil 40 is configured such that the heights a1 to An of the 1 st portion decrease from the 1 st turn toward the nth turn.

By configuring the coil 40 in this manner, the rate of change in the cross-sectional area, in other words, the rate of change in the current density can be reduced at each turn. By providing in this way, unevenness in heat generation at different turns can be suppressed, reliability of the coil 40 can be improved, and efficiency of the motor 1000 can be improved.

In particular, if the ratio of the height Ak to the width Bk is made constant in each of the 1 st to nth turns, the rate of change in the cross-sectional area, that is, the rate of change in the current density can be made constant in each turn, and the heat generation unevenness in the coil 40 can be suppressed, thereby further improving the reliability of the coil 40 and the efficiency of the motor 1000.

Next, the coil 40 is configured to satisfy the relationship of Amax < Bmin, with Amax being the maximum value among the heights a1 to An of the 1 st to nth turns and Bmin being the minimum value among the widths B1 to Bn of the 1 st to nth turns, which is different from embodiment 1.

By configuring the coil 40 in this manner, the current density of the current flowing in the coil 40 can be ensured and the coil end 44 can be sufficiently reduced.

In addition, the following two relationships may not be satisfied simultaneously: the coil 40 is configured such that the heights A1-An of the 1 st portion decrease from the 1 st turn toward the nth turn, and a relationship of Amax < Bmin is satisfied. By satisfying any of the relationships, the effects corresponding to the respective relationships can be achieved.

< modification example >

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coil end according to this modification. Fig. 5 corresponds to the cross sections of the 1 st portion k1 located on the upper side in the axial direction among the cross sections shown in fig. 3B and 4B, respectively. In fig. 5, the same portions as those in embodiments 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

The structure shown in the present modification differs from the structure shown in embodiment 1 in that the height of the coil end 44 varies from the 1 st turn to the n-th turn. Further, instead of the monotonous change shown in embodiment 2, the heights a1 to An may be changed as shown in fig. 5 (a) or (b), for example. Alternatively, the number of the steps may be changed as shown in the diagram (c). Although not shown, the coil end 44 may be provided in a shape positioned axially downward as shown in fig. 5. The heights a1 to An may be changed in the 1 st turn to the n th turn other than the changes shown in fig. 5. The height of the coil end 44 may vary as follows: the height Ak is higher than any of heights A1 to Ak-1 in the axial direction of the 1 st part of the 1 st to (k-1) th turns and is higher than any of heights Ak +1 to An in the axial direction of the 1 st part of the (k +1) th to nth turns. Alternatively, the height of the coil end 44 may be changed so that the height Ak is lower than any of the heights a1 to Ak-1 and lower than any of the heights Ak +1 to An.

As previously described, heat is dissipated primarily to the atmosphere at coil end 44. On the other hand, according to the present modification, since the height of the coil end 44 is changed as described above, the surface area of the coil end 44 can be increased and the amount of heat emitted from the coil end 44 to the atmosphere can be increased, as compared with the cases shown in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, for example.

Further, according to the present modification, since the concave portion or the convex portion or both the concave portion and the convex portion are formed on the axial end surface of the coil end 44, that is, on at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface, both sides of the convex portion or the concave portion can be provided as the flow path of the refrigerant flowing in the stator 100. Thereby, the cooling efficiency of the stator 100 including the coil 40 can be improved and the efficiency of the motor 1000 can be improved. As the refrigerant, a liquid such as oil or water can be used.

In addition, the minimum value Amin among the heights a1 to An in the axial direction of the 1 st portion of the 1 st to nth turns is preferably increased to a predetermined value or more so that the coil 40 is not broken by joule heat generation or reliability is not lowered.

(other embodiments)

In embodiment 1, a configuration in which a plurality of teeth 10 are connected to an annular yoke 20 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not particularly limited thereto, and: the split yokes divided in the circumferential direction are respectively connected to 1 tooth 10, and in this state, a plurality of split yokes are connected in the circumferential direction, thereby constituting the stator 100.

The cross-sectional shape of the wire constituting the coil 40 may be trapezoidal, rectangular, or square, or may be n-sided (n is an integer of 4 or more).

In fig. 3A to 3C and 4A to 4C, the coil 40 is attached to the tooth 10 such that the 1 st terminal portion 41 is located on the proximal end side of the tooth 10 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 is located on the distal end side of the tooth 10, but the positions of the 1 st terminal portion 41 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 are not particularly limited thereto, and for example, the 2 nd terminal portion 42 may be wound radially outward and both the 1 st terminal portion 41 and the 2 nd terminal portion 42 may be located on the proximal end side of the tooth 10. In this case, too, the 2 nd connecting portion 42a is located on the tip side of the tooth 10.

In embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the relationship between the height of the 1 st part k1 of the k-th turn and the width of the 2 nd part k2 in the coil ends 44 positioned on the upper and lower sides in the axial direction satisfies the relationship Ak < Bk, but the relationship does not necessarily have to be satisfied in the coil ends 44 on both sides in the axial direction, and the relationship Ak < Bk may be satisfied in at least one coil end 44.

Industrial applicability

The stator of the present invention can reduce the height of the coil end, and is therefore useful for application to motors requiring miniaturization.

Description of the reference numerals

10. Teeth; 20. a magnetic yoke; 30. a groove; 40. a coil; 41. 1 st terminal part; 42. a 2 nd terminal section; 43. a winding part; 44. a coil end; 100. a stator; 200. a rotor; 210. an output shaft; 220. a magnet; 1000. an electric motor; k1, part 1 of the kth turn of coil 40; k2, part 2 of the kth turn of coil 40; ak. Height in the axial direction of the 1 st portion k 1; bk. The 2 nd portion Bk is wide in the circumferential direction.