阅读说明：本技术 一种天然草地牧草青贮料及其制备方法 (Natural grassland forage silage and preparation method thereof ) 是由 吴春会 李运起 王明亚 敖特根白音 于 2021-01-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及牧草加工技术领域,具体公开了一种天然草地牧草青贮料及其制备方法。本发明方法制备时采用的青贮添加剂包括0.025％～0.20％wt的菊糖,青贮原料为天然草地牧草,所述天然草地牧草为天然草地上直接刈割而得到的混合牧草。本发明提供的天然草地牧草青贮料制备方法,提高了牧草青贮品质,具体提高了青贮料中乳酸含量,降低丙酸含量,大幅度降低丁酸含量,同时提高了粗脂肪含量和可溶性碳水化合物含量,降低了NDF含量,显著提高了牧草青贮品质。(The invention relates to the technical field of pasture processing, and particularly discloses a natural grassland pasture silage and a preparation method thereof. The silage additive adopted in the preparation method comprises 0.025-0.20 wt% of inulin, the silage raw material is natural grassland pasture which is mixed pasture obtained by directly mowing the natural grassland. The preparation method of the natural grassland forage silage provided by the invention improves the quality of the forage silage, particularly improves the content of lactic acid in the silage, reduces the content of propionic acid, greatly reduces the content of butyric acid, simultaneously improves the content of crude fat and the content of soluble carbohydrate, reduces the content of NDF, and obviously improves the quality of the forage silage.)

1. The method for preparing the silage of the natural grassland pasture is characterized in that the silage additive used in the preparation comprises 0.025-0.20 wt% of inulin, the silage raw material is the natural grassland pasture, and the natural grassland pasture is mixed pasture directly mown on the natural grassland.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water content is 60 to 70% and the ensiling density is 400 to 500kg/m at the time of ensiling³。

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the water content is 65-70% and the ensiling density is 450-500 kg/m at ensiling³。

4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the natural grass grasses are cut to a length of 5-8 cm before ensiling.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the natural grassy pasture is mown in the middle and last 7 months.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the natural grassy pasture is mown in late 7 months.

7. A method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the silage additive comprises 0.05 to 0.10% wt inulin.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the silage additive comprises 0.10% wt inulin.

9. The method of claim 8, comprising:

(1) cutting the natural grassland pasture in 7-month late days, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm;

(2) dissolving the silage additive in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the silage additive on the natural grassland pasture layer by layer, and uniformly spraying the silage additive on the natural grassland pasture according to the water content of 65-70% and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling into a container, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

10. A natural grass forage silage prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pasture processing, in particular to a natural grassland pasture silage and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, the production of natural grassland pasture is mainly used for making green hay, but rain, leaf fall, oxidation, photochemical and other losses exist in the process of hay preparation. Ensiling has its unique advantages as an efficient pasture processing and storage means. The silage of the natural grassland pasture can effectively preserve nutrient substances in the pasture; the palatability and the digestibility of the pasture are improved; the pathogenic bacteria and worm eggs attached to the pasture are eliminated, and the harm of the disease and the pest to the livestock is reduced; the natural grassland pasture is a mixed grass group, and the silage can improve the palatability that the livestock do not like to eat the pasture and expand the feed source; the silage production process is less influenced by external conditions such as weather and the like; can realize the annual balanced supply of the green feed. Therefore, natural grassland pasture silage is an important trend for the development of modern animal husbandry in wide grassland pasture areas.

In order to make ensiling more successful, the quality of ensiling is better and the development of additive ensiling is very rapid. Currently, the silage additives commonly used include fermentation promoters (such as lactobacillus preparation, enzyme preparation, glucose, sucrose, molasses, cereals, etc.), fermentation inhibitors (such as formic acid, acetic acid, etc.), aerobic deterioration inhibitors (such as acetic acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, etc.), nutritional additives (such as urea, minerals, etc.), and the like. However, lactic acid bacteria preparations and enzyme preparations are expensive and are under development, while some additives have a good effect of improving the quality of silage, but have adverse effects on livestock. Therefore, there is a need to further expand the range of silage additives, develop new silage additives, improve the quality of pasture silage, and assist in pasture silage.

The additives used for ensiling the natural grassland pasture are all ensiling additives used for cultivating pasture and forage crops, but the characteristics of the natural grassland pasture are greatly different from those of a single kind of pasture and forage crops because the natural grassland pasture is mixed pasture, so that the development of special additives suitable for ensiling the natural grassland pasture is particularly important.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing natural grassland forage silage, which can improve the quality of natural forage silage.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing silage of natural grassland pasture, the silage additive adopted during preparation comprises 0.025-0.20 wt% of inulin, the silage raw material is natural grassland pasture, and the natural grassland pasture is mixed pasture directly mown on the natural grassland.

Inulin is a natural fructan, has prebiotic property as a soluble dietary fiber, can selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria in the colon of livestock, and simultaneously stimulates the immune system to improve the resistance of the body to pathogenic bacteria. In the gastrointestinal tract of monogastric and young ruminants, inulin can provide energy substances for the growth of probiotics such as bifidobacterium and the like, and the bifidobacterium has the function of inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms; according to research, the inulin can change the intestinal form of livestock, activate the function of intestinal villus, change the microbial population structure and play a role in adjusting the intestinal microecology. In addition, inulin, a non-digestible carbohydrate, has important regulatory effects on blood glucose, lipid metabolism, fecal nitrogen and urinary nitrogen metabolism in animals. Therefore, the invention develops a silage preparation method aiming at the natural grassland pasture by taking the inulin as the silage additive, so that the silage quality is improved, and the health level of the livestock fed with the silage is favorably improved.

The silage additive of the invention may further comprise one or more of other silage additives besides inulin.

In the method, during ensiling, the water content is 60-70 percent, and the ensiling density is 400-500 kg/m³。

In the method, the preferable water content is 65-70% during ensiling, and the ensiling density is 450-500 kg/m³。

In the method, the natural grassland pasture is cut short to 5-8 cm in length before ensiling.

In the method of the invention, the natural grassland pasture is mowed in the middle and last 7 months.

Preferably, the natural grassland pasture is mowed in late 7 months.

Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the silage additive comprises 0.05 to 0.10% by weight of inulin.

More preferably, the silage additive comprises 0.10% wt inulin.

The method comprises the following steps:

cutting the natural grassland pasture in the middle and late 7 months, wherein the whole grass or the cut length is 5-8 cm, dissolving the silage additive in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the silage additive on the pasture layer by layer,according to the water content of 60-70% and the ensiling density of 400-500 kg/m³Filling into a container, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

Preferably, the method of the present invention specifically comprises:

(1) cutting the natural grassland pasture in 7-month late days, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm;

(2) dissolving the silage additive in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the silage additive on the natural grassland pasture layer by layer, and uniformly spraying the silage additive on the natural grassland pasture according to the water content of 65-70% and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling into a container, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

The ensiling period in the present invention was 60 days.

The invention combines the inulin and the natural grassland pasture, combines the characteristics of the inulin and the natural grassland pasture, and specifically controls the water content, the density and the like during ensiling, thereby improving the integral ensiling effect.

The invention also provides a natural grassland forage silage prepared by the method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the silage quality of the natural grassland forage silage obtained by the method is improved, and is shown in any one of the following aspects: 1) improving the quality of ensiling fermentation; 2) improving the content of nutrient substances in the silage; 3) improve the aerobic stability of silage.

The invention can improve the lactic acid content in the silage of the pasture grass on the natural grassland, greatly reduce the butyric acid content, simultaneously improve the crude fat content and the soluble carbohydrate content, reduce the NDF content and obviously improve the silage quality of the pasture grass.

Meanwhile, the inulin is a natural fructan, has the physiological function of a bioactive precursor, can be used as a value-added factor of probiotics in vivo, increases the number of the probiotics, inhibits the growth of harmful microorganisms, maintains the microecological balance of intestinal tracts, and has the effect of promoting the intestinal tract movement. Therefore, the inulin as silage additive has important regulation effect on intestinal microecological balance of livestock after being eaten by livestock along with silage.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and alterations of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified. Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

This example provides a method of preparing a natural grass silage comprising the steps of:

1) cutting off the meadow grassland pasture on the Hebei dam after cutting in 7 months, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm. Dissolving 0.025 percent inulin in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the inulin layer by layer on pasture, and storing the pasture with the water content of 65-70 percent and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling 10L of capping barrel, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

Example 2

This example provides a method of preparing a natural grass silage comprising the steps of:

1) cutting off the meadow grassland pasture on the Hebei dam after cutting in 7 months, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm. Dissolving 0.05% inulin in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the inulin layer by layer on the pasture, and storing the pasture with the water content of 65-70% and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling 10L of capping barrel, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

Example 3

This example provides a method of preparing a natural grass silage comprising the steps of:

1) cutting off the meadow grassland pasture on the Hebei dam after cutting in 7 months, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm. Dissolving 0.10% inulin in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the inulin layer by layer on the pasture, and storing the pasture with the water content of 65-70% and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling 10L of capping barrel, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

Example 4

This example provides a method of preparing a natural grass silage comprising the steps of:

1) cutting off the meadow grassland pasture on the Hebei dam after cutting in 7 months, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm. Dissolving 0.20% inulin in a small amount of water, uniformly spraying the inulin layer by layer on the pasture, and storing the pasture with the water content of 65-70% and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling 10L of capping barrel, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

Comparative example

The comparative example provides a method for preparing a natural grassland forage silage, comprising the steps of:

1) cutting off the meadow grassland pasture on the Hebei dam after cutting in 7 months, wherein the cutting length is 5-8 cm. A small amount of water (equal to the water for dissolving the inulin in the embodiment 1-4) is uniformly sprayed on the pasture layer by layer according to the water content of 65-70 percent and the silage density of 450-500 kg/m³Filling 10L of capping barrel, compacting layer by layer and sealing.

Test example: measurement of silage quality after 60 days

The fermentation indexes and the contents of the nutrients of the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example were measured after 60 days of ensiling.

And (3) test results: see tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1 fermentation indices

Index of fermentation	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example
						Lactic acid content (% D)	2.00	2.02	2.18	1.96	1.94
Propionic acid content (mg/kg)	53.98	56.57	58.14	51.73	65.31
						Butyric acid content (%)	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.07

Note: the data in the tables are based on dry matter.

As can be seen from table 1, under the conditions of the optimum silage additive and the addition amount thereof (example 3), the lactic acid content is increased by 12.37%, the propionic acid content is reduced by 10.98%, and the butyric acid content is reduced by 42.86% compared with the control.

TABLE 2 nutritional indicators

Note: the data in the tables are based on dry matter.

From table 2, it can be seen that under the optimal silage additive and its addition levels (example 3), crude fat increased by 19.34%, NDF decreased by 2.08%, and soluble carbohydrates increased by 23.30%.

Therefore, the silage additive and the additive amount thereof are optimized, so that the silage quality of the natural grassland pasture is obviously improved.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.