阅读说明：本技术 隧道锚杆施工坑槽预留装置及锚杆安装方法 (Tunnel anchor rod construction pit slot reservation device and anchor rod installation method ) 是由 刘国强 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种隧道锚杆施工坑槽预留装置及锚杆安装方法,施工坑槽预留装置包括预留管和预留盘组件,预留盘组件包括连接管和预留盘,连接管与预留盘连接；预留管上设置有多个卡槽,连接管上设置有多个卡块,连接管沿预留管的轴向插入预留管内,卡块与卡槽配合连接；锚杆安装方法：在初期支护钢拱架上安装预留装置,再进行初支混凝土喷射,预留盘基于初支混凝土层的表面凸起；对预留盘组件进行拆除,初支混凝土层内形成预留坑槽,预留管留在预留坑槽内,在预留管内进行锚杆的钻孔、安装及注浆等,对预留坑槽进行回填,使初支混凝土表面平顺,解决由于先进行初支混凝土喷射后进行锚杆的安装而出现锚杆尾端外漏或初支混凝土表面出现鼓包的情况。(The invention provides a tunnel anchor rod construction pit reserving device and an anchor rod installation method, wherein the construction pit reserving device comprises a reserved pipe and a reserved disc assembly, the reserved disc assembly comprises a connecting pipe and a reserved disc, and the connecting pipe is connected with the reserved disc; the reserved pipe is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves, the connecting pipe is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks, the connecting pipe is inserted into the reserved pipe along the axial direction of the reserved pipe, and the clamping blocks are connected with the clamping grooves in a matched mode; the anchor rod installation method comprises the following steps: mounting a reserved device on the primary support steel arch truss, and then spraying primary concrete, wherein the reserved disc is protruded on the surface of the primary concrete layer; demolish the preformed disk subassembly, form the preformed pit groove in the concrete layer of just propping up, reserve the pipe and stay in the preformed pit groove, carry out drilling, installation and the slip casting etc. of stock in reserving the pipe, backfill the preformed pit groove, make just prop up concrete surface smooth-going, solve owing to carry out the installation of stock after the concrete injection of just propping up earlier and appear the stock tail end and leak or the condition that the swell appears in just propping up concrete surface.)

1. Tunnel stock construction pot hole reservation device, its characterized in that includes: the reserved pipe and the reserved disc assembly comprise a connecting rod and a reserved disc, the connecting rod is connected with the reserved disc along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and the radial width of the reserved disc is greater than that of the connecting rod along the radial direction of the connecting rod; the device comprises a reserved pipe, and is characterized in that a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the reserved pipe, the clamping grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction of the reserved pipe, a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on a connecting rod, the connecting rod can be inserted into the reserved pipe along the axial direction of the reserved pipe, and the clamping blocks are connected with the clamping grooves in a one-to-one matching mode respectively.

2. The tunnel anchor rod construction pit reservation device of claim 1, characterized in that:

the fixture block is a spring plate, the spring plate is based on the outer side wall of the connecting rod is protruding, the spring plate is bent along the circumferential direction of the connecting rod, and the bending directions of the spring plates are the same.

3. The tunnel anchor rod construction pit reservation device of claim 1, characterized in that:

the clamping groove is arranged at one end, far away from the reserved disc, of the reserved pipe, a first opening is formed in the clamping groove, and the opening direction of the first opening deviates from the reserved disc.

4. The tunnel anchor rod construction pit reservation device of claim 1, characterized in that:

the fixture block mounting section and the connecting section are arranged on the connecting rod and integrally formed with the connecting section, the connecting section is arranged between the fixture block mounting section and the reserved disc, the fixture blocks are arranged on the fixture block mounting section in the radial direction of the connecting rod, and the radial width of the fixture block mounting section is smaller than that of the connecting section.

5. The tunnel anchor rod construction pit reservation device of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:

the side wall of the reserved disc, which is far away from the connecting rod, is arc-shaped; the reserved plate is far away from a screw hole and at least two lifting lugs are arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod, the screw hole is located on the central axis of the reserved plate, and the at least two lifting lugs are arranged on the periphery of the central axis of the reserved plate respectively.

6. The tunnel anchor rod installation method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of primary support steel arch installation:

after a tunnel is excavated and concrete is primarily sprayed on surrounding rocks, mounting a primary support steel arch on the surface of the primarily sprayed concrete;

a reserved pipe installation step:

welding a reserved pipe fixing frame on the primary support steel arch, wherein the reserved pipe fixing frame is used for fixing a reserved pipe;

mounting the reserved disc assembly:

the reserved disc assembly comprises a reserved disc and a connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected with the reserved disc along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and the radial width of the reserved disc is greater than that of the connecting rod along the radial direction of the connecting rod;

the connecting rod is inserted into the reserved pipe, the connecting rod is connected with the reserved pipe in a buckling mode, the reserved disc is arranged outside the reserved pipe, and the height of the bulge of the reserved disc is 6-9 cm based on the outer surface of the primary support steel arch frame;

the primary support concrete spraying step:

after the reserved pipe and the reserved disc assembly are installed on the primary support steel arch frame, performing primary support concrete injection construction to form a primary support concrete layer;

and (3) disassembling the reserved disc assembly:

disassembling the reserved disc assembly in the reserved pipe, and forming a reserved pit groove at the position of the reserved disc assembly in the primary support concrete layer, wherein the reserved pit groove is formed in the reserved pipe;

an anchor rod installation step:

after drilling in the reserved pit slot, installing an anchor rod and grouting the anchor rod;

and a supplementary spraying and backfilling step:

and (4) performing concrete supplementary spraying on the reserved pit slot, and filling the reserved pit slot.

7. The tunnel anchor installation method of claim 6, wherein:

the reserved pipe fixing frame comprises adjusting steel bars, connecting steel bars and reserved pipe fixing steel rings, the connecting steel bars are connected between the adjusting steel bars and the reserved pipe fixing steel rings, the adjusting steel bars are used for being welded on the primary support steel arch frame, and the reserved pipes penetrate through the reserved pipe fixing steel rings.

8. The tunnel anchor installation method of claim 7, wherein:

the number of the adjusting steel bars is two, the number of the reserved pipe fixing steel bar rings is two, the two adjusting steel bars are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the connecting steel bar, and the two reserved pipe fixing steel bar rings are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the connecting steel bar; and one adjusting steel bar and one reserved pipe fixing steel bar are arranged in a collinear way along the radial direction of the connecting rod.

9. The tunnel anchor installation method of claim 6, wherein:

in the installation step of the reserved disc assembly, after the connecting rod is connected with the reserved pipe, the joint of the connecting rod and the reserved pipe and one end, far away from the reserved disc, of the reserved pipe are wrapped and sealed by an adhesive tape.

10. The tunnel anchor installation method of claim 6, wherein:

in the anchor rod installation step, install on the anchor rod and end thick liquid stopper, anchor backing plate and bolt, end thick liquid stopper and install it is intraductal to reserve, the bolt with anchor rod threaded connection, the locking of anchor backing plate is in end thick liquid stopper with between the bolt, the anchor backing plate the bolt with the tail end of anchor rod all is located reserve the hole inslot.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel anchor rod construction pit reserving device and an anchor rod installation method.

Background

In the construction of tunnel engineering, in the construction stage aiming at broken surrounding rocks and weak surrounding rocks, in order to reduce the construction of the anchor rod immediately after the primary concrete layer, the condition that the block falls due to multiple disturbances on loose surrounding rocks is caused, and meanwhile, the process time for enclosing the surrounding rocks is shortened as much as possible, and the like, most of the anchor rods of the tunnel in the current stage adopt the methods of constructing the anchor rods after the primary support steel frame and the primary concrete layer are constructed.

Referring to fig. 1, in the prior art, a hole is directly drilled in the surface of a primary concrete layer 02 of a tunnel by using an artificial air drill or a machine (a drill jumbo or a jumbolter) and the like, the hole 03 extends to surrounding rocks 01 around the tunnel, an anchor rod 04 is installed in the hole 03, the surrounding rocks 01 are connected with the primary concrete layer 02 by the anchor rod 04, a grout stop plug 05, an anchor backing plate 06, a bolt 07 and the like are sequentially installed on the anchor rod 04 from the surrounding rocks 01 to the outer surface of the primary concrete layer 02, the anchor backing plate 06 is attached to the outer surface of the primary concrete layer 02, the bolt 07 locks the anchor backing plate 06, then grouting operation is performed in the anchor rod 03, and secondary lining is continuously performed.

Between the secondary lining, need carry out waterproof and drainage construction at the primary concrete layer, but because after the stock installation is accomplished, see fig. 2, the total length of the anchor rod 04 exposed portion on the primary concrete layer 02 surface exceeds 10cm, in order to prevent anchor rod 04 exposed portion from puncturing the waterproof layer, one mode that adopts is: before waterproof and drainage construction is carried out, cutting, mortar wrapping, protecting cover treatment and the like must be carried out on the tail end of the exposed anchor rod 04, and then geotextile and waterproof plate 08 are laid and hung in waterproof and drainage measures, but the construction steps are poor in implementation effect, complex in process and laborious to operate, a plurality of bulges 041 formed by the tail portion of the anchor rod 04 are arranged on the surface of the primary concrete layer 02, the difficulty of laying and hanging looseness control of the waterproof plate 08 is increased, a large water leakage hidden danger exists for the construction quality of the secondary lining in the later period, the thickness of the secondary lining 09 at the bulge cannot meet the design value, and a potential safety hazard is left for the later period operation safety; the construction of the anchor rod is carried out on the whole arched primary concrete layer 02 by adopting a multi-step construction method, the anchor rod is in an overhead working range, and the difficulty in processing the exposed part of the anchor rod 04 is increased.

Prevent that the stock exposes the part and impales the waterproof layer, the another mode of adoption is: the sprayed concrete is adopted to carry out re-patching and spraying on the concrete to cover all exposed areas, so that the exposed parts of the anchor rods are prevented from piercing the waterproof layer, but the conditions of large re-patching and spraying concrete amount, large thickness, easy layering, high cost consumption and the like are also caused necessarily due to the dense anchor rods, the exposed length and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tunnel anchor rod pit reserving device for preventing the tail end of an anchor rod from being exposed.

The invention also provides a tunnel anchor rod installation method for avoiding the tail end of the anchor rod from being exposed.

In order to achieve the first purpose, the tunnel anchor rod construction pit slot reserving device provided by the invention comprises a reserved pipe and a reserved disc assembly, wherein the reserved disc assembly comprises a connecting rod and a reserved disc, the connecting rod is connected with the reserved disc along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and the radial width of the reserved disc is greater than that of the connecting rod along the radial direction of the connecting rod; the reserved pipe is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the reserved pipe, a plurality of clamping blocks are arranged on the connecting rod, the connecting rod can be inserted into the reserved pipe along the axial direction of the reserved pipe, and the clamping blocks are in one-to-one corresponding fit connection with the clamping grooves respectively.

It can be seen that after the excavation of the tunnel, the primary concrete spraying and the mounting of the primary support steel arch are sequentially completed, the reserved device is mounted on the primary support steel arch, then the primary concrete spraying is carried out, and in the spraying process, the reserved disc is protruded on the surface of the primary concrete layer; after the primary support concrete is sprayed, the reserved disc assembly is dismantled, a reserved pit groove is naturally formed in the primary support concrete layer, the reserved pit is formed in the reserved pipe, the anchor rod is drilled, installed and grouted in the reserved pipe, the tail end of the anchor rod, which is connected with the anchor rod to construct an anchor backing plate, a bolt, the tail end of the anchor rod and the like, are all located in the reserved pit groove formed by the reserved disc, and finally the reserved pit groove is backfilled with concrete, so that the surface of the primary support concrete is smooth, the problem that the tail end of the anchor rod leaks outwards or the surface of the primary support concrete bulges due to the fact that the anchor rod is installed after the primary support concrete is sprayed is solved, and the later-stage waterproof and drainage quality is better guaranteed; the reservation device's simple structure, pre-buried easy operation is quick, and the installation back is whole firm, and the connecting rod passes through the buckle with the reservation pipe to be connected, ensures not hard up, not fall off under the adverse circumstances of the high wind pressure of shotcrete, high impact force, guarantees the stability of reserving the pit slot construction.

The further scheme is that the fixture block is a shrapnel, the shrapnel is convex based on the outer side wall of the connecting rod, the shrapnel is bent along the circumferential direction of the connecting rod, and the bending directions of the shrapnels are the same.

It is thus clear that, when a plurality of shell fragments that have elasticity set up along same direction bending, when the connecting rod rotated along the first direction, a plurality of shell fragments got into in the draw-in groove, under the pressure effect of shell fragment, elasticity and draw-in groove block, when the connecting rod rotated along the opposite direction of first direction, the inboard of reserving the pipe extrudees the shell fragment gradually, the shell fragment breaks away from the draw-in groove gradually, make the connecting rod with reserve pipe disconnection, when this kind of structure makes to be connected between reservation pipe and the connecting rod more firm, the dismantlement of connecting rod is more laborsaving quick.

The further scheme is that the clamping groove is arranged at one end, far away from the reserved disc, of the reserved pipe, a first opening is formed in the clamping groove, and the opening direction of the first opening deviates from the reserved disc.

Therefore, the elastic sheet can enter the clamping groove from the first opening, the position between the elastic sheet and the clamping groove is saved, and the connection between the connecting rod and the reserved pipe is quicker and more accurate.

The further scheme is that a fixture block mounting section and a connecting section are arranged on the connecting rod, the fixture block mounting section and the connecting section are integrally formed, the connecting section is arranged between the fixture block mounting section and the reserved disc, the fixture blocks are arranged on the fixture block mounting section, and the radial width of the fixture block mounting section is smaller than that of the connecting section along the radial direction of the connecting rod.

It can be seen that the fixture block is arranged on the fixture block mounting section with smaller radial width, and a larger space is reserved between the fixture block mounting section and the inner wall of the reserved pipe, so that the fixture block can move in the space more smoothly, and the connection between the connecting rod and the reserved pipe is disconnected.

The further proposal is that the side wall of the reserved disc far away from the connecting rod is arc-shaped; the side wall of the reserved plate far away from the connecting rod is provided with a screw hole and at least two lifting lugs, the screw hole is located on the central axis of the reserved plate, and the at least two lifting lugs are arranged on the periphery of the central axis of the reserved plate respectively.

It can be seen that, because the lateral wall of reservation dish is outwards protruding to form the arcwall face, when accomplishing the installation of reservation device on just propping up the steel bow member after the injection just props up concrete, when controlling the arch of reservation dish based on just propping up the surface of concrete layer better, when dismantling the reservation dish subassembly, can not receive the restriction in space and make the dismantlement more convenient more swift.

In order to achieve the second object, the invention provides a tunnel anchor rod installation method, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of primary support steel arch installation:

after a tunnel is excavated and concrete is primarily sprayed on surrounding rocks, mounting a primary support steel arch on the surface of the primarily sprayed concrete;

a reserved pipe installation step:

welding a reserved pipe fixing frame on the primary support steel arch, wherein the reserved pipe fixing frame is used for fixing a reserved pipe;

mounting the reserved disc assembly:

the reserved disc assembly comprises a reserved disc and a connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected with the reserved disc along the axial direction of the connecting rod, and the radial width of the reserved disc is greater than that of the connecting rod along the radial direction of the connecting rod;

the connecting rod is inserted into the reserved pipe, the connecting rod is connected with the reserved pipe in a buckling mode, the reserved plate is arranged outside the reserved pipe, and the height of the bulge of the reserved plate is 6-9 cm based on the outer surface of the primary support steel arch frame;

the primary support concrete spraying step:

after the installation of the reserved pipe and the reserved disc assembly on the primary support steel arch frame is completed, performing the injection construction of primary support concrete to form a primary support concrete layer;

and (3) disassembling the reserved disc assembly:

the reserved disc assembly in the reserved pipe is disassembled, a reserved pit groove is formed at the position where the reserved disc assembly is located in the primary concrete layer, and the reserved pit groove is formed in the reserved pipe;

an anchor rod installation step:

after drilling holes in the reserved pit slots, installing anchor rods and grouting the anchor rods;

and a supplementary spraying and backfilling step:

and (5) performing concrete supplementary spraying on the reserved pit slot, and filling the reserved pit slot.

Therefore, the primary support steel arch is firstly installed, then the reserved device is installed on the primary support steel arch, then primary concrete spraying is carried out, and in the spraying process, the reserved plate is protruded on the surface of the primary concrete; after the injection of just propping up concrete, demolish reserved dish subassembly, reserved hole groove has been formed naturally in just propping up concrete, carry out the installation of stock in reserved hole groove, and be connected anchor backing plate with the stock, the tail end of bolt and stock etc. all are located reserved dish place space, carry out the concrete to reserved hole groove at last and backfill, make just prop up concrete surface smooth-going, solve because carry out the installation of stock after the concrete injection of just propping up earlier and the stock tail end leaks outward or the condition that the swell appears in just propping up concrete surface, carry out the construction of reserved hole groove through the reservation device, make the construction of stock more quick, and reserve dish subassembly repeatedly usable, whole construction cost reduces by a wide margin.

The further scheme is that the reserved pipe fixing frame comprises adjusting steel bars, connecting steel bars and a reserved pipe fixing steel bar ring, the connecting steel bars are connected between the adjusting steel bars and the reserved pipe fixing steel bar ring, the adjusting steel bars are used for being welded on the primary support steel arch frame, and the reserved pipe penetrates through the reserved pipe fixing steel bar ring.

Therefore, the reserved pipe fixing reinforcing rings are used for fixing the reserved pipes, the reserved pipe fixing reinforcing rings are fixed on the adjusting reinforcing bars through the connecting reinforcing bars, the reserved pipes are fixed on the primary support steel arch, and the reserved pipes are fixed on the primary support steel arch more firmly and reliably.

The number of the adjusting steel bars is two, the number of the reserved pipe fixing steel bar rings is two, the two adjusting steel bars are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the connecting steel bar, and the two reserved pipe fixing steel bar rings are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the connecting steel bar; an adjusting reinforcing steel bar and a reserved pipe fixing reinforcing steel bar are arranged in a collinear mode along the radial direction of the connecting rod.

Therefore, the two adjusting steel bars and the two reserved pipe fixing steel rings are arranged in a collinear manner in a one-to-one correspondence mode, so that the reserved pipes can be stably fixed on the primary support steel arch frame in a balanced mode better.

The further scheme is that in the step of mounting the reserved disc assembly, after the connecting rod is connected with the reserved pipe, the connecting part of the connecting rod and the reserved pipe and one end, far away from the reserved disc, of the reserved pipe are wrapped and sealed by an adhesive tape.

It can be seen that the reserved pipe is wrapped and sealed through the transparent adhesive tape, so that the phenomenon that concrete enters the reserved pipe in subsequent primary concrete spraying and is difficult to disassemble the reserved disc assembly is avoided.

The anchor rod is provided with a grout stop plug, an anchor backing plate and a bolt in the installation step, the grout stop plug is installed in the reserved pipe, the bolt is in threaded connection with the anchor rod, the anchor backing plate is locked between the grout stop plug and the bolt, and the tail ends of the anchor backing plate, the bolt and the anchor rod are all located in the reserved pit groove.

Therefore, the tail ends of the anchor backing plate, the bolt and the anchor rod are all located in the reserved pit groove, and when the reserved pit groove is backfilled, the tail ends of the anchor backing plate, the bolt and the anchor rod are filled in the reserved pit groove, so that the anchor rod is prevented from leaking or bulging.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a bolt installed on primary concrete in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a secondary lined anchor rod in the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a front view of an embodiment of the tunnel anchor construction pit reserving device of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of a reserved disc assembly in an embodiment of the tunnel anchor construction pit reserving device of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of the tunnel anchor construction pit reserving device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view of a reserved pipe in an embodiment of the tunnel anchor rod construction pit reserving device of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram after a preformed tube installation step is performed in the tunnel anchor rod installation method of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a structural view of a reserved pipe fixing frame in the tunnel anchor rod installation method of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a reserved pipe fixing frame welded on an initial steel arch frame in the tunnel anchor rod installation method.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view after the mounting step of the preformed disc assembly in the tunnel anchor bolt mounting method of the invention is carried out.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view after a preliminary support concrete spraying step is performed in the tunnel anchor bolt installation method of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the tunnel anchor rod mounting method of the invention after the detachment step of the preformed disc assembly.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view after drilling is performed in the anchor installation step in the tunnel anchor installation method of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the tunnel anchor bolt installation method of the present invention after the bolt installation step has been performed.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram after the step of post-injection backfilling in the tunnel anchor rod installation method of the invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view after secondary lining is performed in the tunnel anchor bolt installation method of the present invention.

The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Detailed Description

The tunnel anchor rod construction pit reserving device is applied to a tunnel anchor rod installation process, after primary support steel arches are installed, primary support concrete is sprayed after the reserving device is installed on the primary support steel arches, the reserving device is based on surface protrusions of the primary support concrete, after the reserving device is disassembled, construction pits are naturally formed in the primary support concrete, anchor rods are installed in the construction pits, finally, the construction pits are backfilled with concrete, the surface of the primary support concrete is smooth, and the problem that due to the fact that the anchor rods are installed after the primary support concrete is sprayed, the tail end of the anchor rods leaks outwards or the surface of the primary support concrete bulges is solved.

Referring to fig. 3, tunnel stock construction pot hole reservation device 1 is including reserving pipe 2 and reservation dish subassembly 3, reserves dish subassembly 3 and includes connecting rod 4 and reservation dish 5, and connecting rod 4 is connected with reservation dish 5 integrated into one piece, and connecting rod 4 is connected along the axial of connecting rod with reservation dish 5. The radial width of the reserve disc 5 is greater than the radial width of the connecting rod 4 in the radial direction of the connecting rod 4. The connecting rod 4 is inserted into the reserved pipe 2, and the connecting rod 4 is connected with the reserved pipe 2 in a buckling mode. The material of reserve pipe 2 is PVC.

Referring to fig. 4, the connecting rod 4 is provided with a fixture block mounting section 41 and a connecting section 42, the fixture block mounting section 41 and the connecting section 42 are integrally formed along the axial direction of the connecting rod 4, the connecting section 42 is arranged between the fixture block mounting section 41 and the preformed disc 5, and the radial width of the fixture block mounting section 41 is smaller than the radial width of the connecting section 42 along the radial direction of the connecting rod 4. The fixture block mounting section 41 is provided with three fixture blocks 43, the three fixture blocks 43 are arranged on the fixture block mounting section 41, and the three fixture blocks 43 are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the fixture block mounting section 41.

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the latch 43 is a resilient plate, the resilient plate 43 is protruded based on the outer sidewall of the latch installation section 41, the resilient plate 43 is bent along the circumferential direction of the connecting rod 4, and the bending directions of the resilient plates 43 are the same. The elastic piece 43 is fixed to the connection rod 4 by using a plurality of screws 44.

Referring to fig. 6, the reserve tube 2 is provided with three slots 21, and the three slots 21 are arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction of the reserve tube 2. In the present embodiment, a locking groove 21 is provided on an end of the reserve tube 2 away from the reserve disc 5, and the locking groove 21 extends in the axial direction of the connecting rod 4. A first opening 211 is provided on the card slot 21, and an opening direction of the first opening 211 deviates from the reserve tray 5. When the connecting rod 4 is connected with the reserved pipe 2, the connecting rod 4 is inserted into the reserved pipe 2, the elastic sheets 43 are extruded in the reserved pipe 2, the connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate the connecting rod 4 along the first direction X by taking the reserved disc 5 with larger width as a handle, and the three elastic sheets 43 on the connecting rod 4 enter the three clamping grooves 21 in a one-to-one correspondence manner under the action of elastic force when passing through the clamping grooves 21; the elastic sheet 43 can pass through the first opening 211 in the rotating process, the space for the elastic sheet 43 to enter the clamping groove 21 is larger, and the elastic sheet 43 can enter the clamping groove 21 more accurately to complete the buckling connection between the elastic sheet 43 and the clamping groove 21. When the assembly of dish 3 is reserved in needs follow the dismantlement of reserving pipe 2, the reverse rotation of drive connecting rod 4 along first direction for reserve pipe 2's inside wall extrudees shell fragment 43 gradually, and a plurality of shell fragments 43 remove to reserving in the pipe 2, and shell fragment 43 disconnection and draw-in groove 21 between be connected, extract connecting rod 4 from reserving pipe 2, accomplish the dismantlement of reserving assembly of dish 3.

The lateral wall of reserving dish 5 and keeping away from connecting rod 4 is the arc for reserve dish 5 and keep away from the lateral wall of connecting rod 4 and outwards protruding, control better and reserve the arch of dish 5 surface based on primary concrete layer. The side wall of the reserved plate 5, which is far away from the connecting rod 4, is provided with a screw hole 51 and two lifting lugs 52, the screw hole 51 is positioned on the central axis of the reserved plate 5, and the two lifting lugs 52 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the central axis of the reserved plate 5. The installation directions of the two lifting lugs 52 are opposite, namely the hook parts of the two lifting lugs 52 are oppositely arranged. The screw hole 51 can be covered with a rubber protective plug 53, so that other sundries are prevented from entering the screw hole to influence the driving rotation of the reserved disc assembly 3, and the rubber protective plug 53 can be fixed on the side wall of the reserved disc 5 far away from the connecting rod 4 through a screw.

The tunnel anchor rod installation method sequentially comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of primary support steel arch installation:

referring to fig. 7, after tunnel excavation, installation of tie bars 021 and primary concrete spraying are performed, a primary support steel arch 022 is installed on the surface of the primary concrete spraying layer 02;

and (3) mounting a reserved pipe 2:

according to the requirement that anchor rods are arranged at intervals along the inner ring direction and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, a plurality of reserved pipe fixing frames 6 are welded on a primary support steel arch 022, and the reserved pipe fixing frames 6 are used for fixing the reserved pipes 2. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the reserved pipe fixing frame 6 includes two adjusting bars 61, a connecting bar 62 and two reserved pipe fixing reinforcing rings 63, the adjusting bars 61 and the reserved pipe fixing reinforcing rings 63 are respectively disposed on opposite sidewalls of the connecting bar 62 along a radial direction of the connecting bar 62, and the connecting bar 62 is welded between the adjusting bars 61 and the reserved pipe fixing reinforcing rings 63. In this embodiment, two adjusting bars 61 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the connecting bar 62, two reserved pipe fixing reinforcing rings 63 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the connecting bar 62, one adjusting bar 61 and one reserved pipe fixing reinforcing ring 63 are arranged in a collinear manner along the radial direction of the connecting rod 4, and the two adjusting bars 61 are welded on the primary support steel arch 022; one reserve pipe 2 penetrates through both reserve pipe fixing reinforcing rings 63 simultaneously, so that the reserve pipe 2 is firmly fixed to the primary steel arch 022.

Mounting the reserved disc assembly 3:

referring to fig. 10, the preformed disc assembly 3 is installed in the preformed tube 2, and the snap connection between the elastic sheet 43 on the connecting rod 4 and the clamping groove 21 on the preformed tube 2 is completed; after the connecting rod 4 is connected with the reserved pipe 2, the connecting part of the connecting rod 4 and the reserved pipe 2 and one end of the reserved pipe 2 far away from the reserved disc 5 are wrapped and sealed by using a transparent adhesive tape 44; the reserved plate 5 is arranged outside the reserved pipe 2, and the height of the protrusion of the reserved plate 5 is 6 cm-9 cm based on the outer surface of the primary support steel arch 022 facing the inner side of the tunnel.

The primary support concrete spraying step:

referring to fig. 11, after the reserved pipe 2 and the reserved disc assembly 3 are installed on the primary support steel arch 022, spraying construction of primary support concrete is performed, the reserved pipe 2 and a part of the reserved disc 5 are buried in a primary support concrete layer 02, the other part of the reserved disc 5 is exposed on the basis of the outer surface of the primary support concrete layer 02, in the primary support concrete spraying process, operation is strictly performed according to specifications, the concrete spraying thickness and the spraying time of the reserved disc position need to be strictly controlled according to actual conditions, the later-stage use influence caused by over-thickness, long-time impact and the like is avoided, and the reserved disc assembly cannot be recycled.

And (3) disassembling the reserved disc assembly:

after the primary concrete injection is finished, the reserved disc assembly 3 in the reserved pipe 2 is disassembled, and the specific disassembling method comprises the following steps: opening a rubber protective cover 53 on a screw hole 51 on the reserved disc 5, driving the reserved disc 5 to rotate along the direction opposite to the first direction X by using a special hexagonal rotary T-shaped wrench 54, and continuing to disassemble after disconnecting the buckle connection between the connecting rod 4 and the reserved pipe 2; the removal after rotation still has difficulty, and the pulling removal of the auxiliary work is carried out by utilizing the lifting lug 53. Referring to fig. 12, after the removal of the reserved disc assembly 3 is completed, a reserved pit 7 is formed in the original position of the reserved disc assembly 3 in the primary concrete layer 02, and the reserved pit 7 is communicated with the reserved pipe 2.

An anchor rod installation step:

installing an anchor rod 04 in the reserved pit 7, referring to fig. 13, drilling a hole in the reserved pipe 2, wherein the hole drilling can be performed in the reserved pipe 2, the installation hole 03 extends to the surrounding rock 01 around the tunnel, referring to fig. 14, installing the anchor rod 04 in the drilled installation hole 03, then installing a grout stop plug 05 and an anchor backing plate 06 in the reserved pit 7, locking the anchor backing plate 06 through a bolt 07, arranging the grout stop plug 05 in the reserved pipe 2, and at the moment, positioning the tail ends of the anchor backing plate 06, the bolt 07 and the anchor rod 04 in the reserved pit 7; then the anchor rod 04 is grouted, and the mounting hole 03 is filled with grout.

And a supplementary spraying and backfilling step:

referring to fig. 15, the reserved pit 7 is subjected to concrete supplementary spraying, and the reserved pit 7 is leveled, so that the outer surface of the primary concrete layer 02 is smooth.

Secondary lining step:

referring to fig. 16, the waterproof board is installed on the primary concrete layer 02 and the secondary lining 09 is performed, and after the secondary lining 09 is completed, the width of each part is consistent, and the width meets the design requirement.

After the excavation and the primary spraying of the tunnel and the installation of the primary support steel arch 022 are completed at one time, the reserved device 1 is installed on the primary support steel arch 022, then the primary concrete spraying is carried out, and in the spraying process, the reserved disc 5 protrudes on the surface of the primary concrete layer 02; after the primary support concrete is sprayed, the reserved disc assembly 3 is detached, a reserved pit groove 7 is naturally formed in the primary support concrete layer 02, the reserved pipe 2 is left in the reserved pit groove 7, drilling, installation, grouting and the like of the anchor rod 04 are carried out in the reserved pipe 2, the anchor backing plate 06 connected with the anchor rod 04, the bolt 07, the tail end of the anchor rod 04 and the like are all located in the space where the reserved disc 5 is located, and finally, the reserved pit groove 7 is backfilled with concrete, so that the surface of the primary support concrete layer 02 is smooth, the problem that the tail end of the anchor rod 04 leaks outwards or the surface of the primary support concrete bulges 041 due to the fact that the anchor rod 04 is installed after the primary support concrete is sprayed is solved, and the quality of later-stage water prevention and drainage is better guaranteed; reservation device 1's simple structure, pre-buried easy operation is quick, and the installation back is whole firm, and connecting rod 4 passes through the buckle with reservation pipe 2 to be connected, ensures not hard up, not fall off under the adverse circumstances of the high wind pressure of shotcrete, high impact force, guarantees the stability of reserving the pit slot construction to but reserve the disk assembly used cyclically, reduce construction cost.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of implementations, rather than limitations, and that many variations and modifications of the invention are possible to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.