阅读说明：本技术 一种可辐射固化水性树脂及其制备方法和用途 (Radiation-curable water-based resin and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王洪武 程继业 任率祖 臧圣彪 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种可辐射固化水性树脂及制备方法和用途,该树脂包含至少一种基于聚乙二醇单醚制备的乳化剂A和至少一种可辐射固化的丙烯酸酯化合物B。该树脂具有硬度高,耐化学品性好等特点,主要用于塑料,木器等硬质基材。(The invention relates to a radiation-curable aqueous resin, a method for the production thereof and the use thereof, said resin comprising at least one emulsifier A produced on the basis of a polyethylene glycol monoether and at least one radiation-curable acrylate compound B. The resin has the characteristics of high hardness, good chemical resistance and the like, and is mainly used for hard substrates such as plastics, woodware and the like.)

1. A radiation curable aqueous resin, the solid component of which comprises: 5-30 wt% of an emulsifier A and 70-95 wt% of a radiation curable acrylate compound B, the wt% based on the total mass of A and B, wherein the emulsifier A is obtained by reacting:

a1 polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, the content of the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether is 20-80 wt%, preferably 50-65 wt%; a2 organic acid anhydride, the content of the organic acid anhydride is 2-10 wt%, preferably 3-5 wt%; a3 epoxy compound, the content of said epoxy compound being 15-70 wt%, preferably 30-40 wt%; optionally A4 (meth) acrylic acid, the content of said (meth) acrylic acid being between 0 and 5% by weight, preferably between 1 and 2% by weight; optionally a5 hydrophilic compound containing at least 1 epoxy reactive group and at least 1 hydrophilic acidic group providing hydrophilicity after reacting with neutralizing agent to form salt, said hydrophilic compound being present in an amount of 0-10 wt%, preferably 1-5 wt%; the wt% is based on the total weight of the emulsifier.

2. The radiation curable waterborne resin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkyl group in the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether A1 is a linear or branched alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, preferably polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and has a weight average molecular weight of 1000-5000, preferably 3000-4000.

3. The radiation curable waterborne resin of claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic anhydride a2 is one or more selected from the group consisting of acetic anhydride, malonic anhydride, succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and maleic anhydride, preferably trimellitic anhydride.

4. The radiation curable waterborne resin of any of claims 1-3, wherein the epoxy compound A3 is a reaction product of a polyol and an epihalohydrin or a polyol and glycidol, preferably a bisphenol A epoxy resin.

5. The waterborne radiation-curable resin according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the epoxy reactive groups of hydrophilic compound A5 are selected from amino groups, and the hydrophilic acidic groups are selected from carboxyl and/or sulfonic acid groups; the hydrophilic compound a5 is selected from one or more of monoamino carboxylic acid, diamino carboxylic acid, monoamino sulfonic acid, diamino sulfonic acid, preferably monoamino sulfonic acid such as methyl taurine and cyclohexyl amino butane sulfonic acid.

6. The radiation curable waterborne coating resin of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the resin optionally comprises neutralizing agent A6, wherein the neutralizing agent is selected from one or more of the group consisting of tertiary organic amines selected from one or more of trimethylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N-phenyldiethanolamine, diethylethanolamine, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine, triethylamine, and N, N-dimethylethanolamine, and inorganic base compounds, preferably alkali metal hydroxides; the neutralizing agent is preferably triethylamine or sodium hydroxide;

preferably, the molar ratio of the content of hydrophilic acidic groups in the neutralizing agent to hydrophilic compound a5 is (0.5-1.1): 1, preferably (0.9-1.0): 1.

7. the radiation curable waterborne resin of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the radiation curable acrylate compound B is one or more of a polyester acrylate oligomer, an epoxy acrylate oligomer, a urethane acrylate oligomer, and an acrylate type acrylate oligomer, preferably a polyester acrylate and a urethane acrylate; preferably, the urethane acrylate is obtained by reacting at least one polyisocyanate, optionally at least one polyol compound containing at least one reactive group reactive with isocyanate groups, at least one acrylate compound containing a reactive group reactive with isocyanate groups; wherein the polyisocyanate is selected from one or more of aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic polyisocyanates and derivatives of aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic polyisocyanates, such as 1, 6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), HDI biuret, HDI trimer, IPDI trimer;

the polyol compound containing at least one reactive group reactive with isocyanate groups is one or more of a small molecule diol and triol having a number average molecular weight of less than 400 and a large molecule diol and triol having a weight average molecular weight of 400-2000, wherein the small molecule diol or triol is preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, cyclohexanediol, 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone dihydroxyethyl ether, bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, α -hydroxybutyl- ε -hydroxyhexanoate, ω -hydroxyhexyl- γ -hydroxybutyrate, pentaerythritol, α -hydroxybutyl- ε -hydroxyhexanoate, and the like, One or more of bis (β -hydroxyethyl) adipate and bis (β -hydroxyethyl) terephthalate; the macrodiol is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and polytetrahydrofuran ether diol, preferably one or more of polyhexamethylene adipate diol, polyhexamethylene glycol neopentyl glycol adipate diol, polybutyleneglycol adipate diol, polydiethylene glycol adipate diol, polyhexamethylene glycol adipate diol, polycarbonate diol, polyhexamethylene glycol phthalate diol, polypentylene glycol phthalate diol and polycaprolactone diol;

the acrylate compound having a reactive group which reacts with an isocyanate group is selected from one or more of hydroxyl (meth) acrylates such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and compounds having 1 or 2 hydroxyl groups and at least 1 acrylate group, which are formed by esterifying (meth) acrylic acid with a tri-, tetra-, penta-or hexa-membered polyol or a mixture thereof, preferably compounds having 1 hydroxyl group and at least 2 acrylate groups such as glycerol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane triacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, particularly preferably one or more of pentaerythritol triacrylate and dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate.

8. The radiation curable aqueous resin according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the double bond content of the radiation curable acrylate compound B in the resin is 3 to 11mmol/g, preferably 6 to 8 mmol/g; and/or

The resin optionally contains a cosolvent with a boiling point of 100-350 ℃ at normal atmospheric pressure, and the content of the solvent in the aqueous resin is 0-20 wt%, preferably 5-10 wt%; and/or

The radiation curable aqueous resin further comprises a catalyst which is one or more of a tertiary amine catalyst, a quaternary amine catalyst and a triphenylphosphine catalyst, preferably a triphenylphosphine catalyst, and the amount of the catalyst is 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 wt%, based on the total mass of the reaction system (A1 to A5).

9. The radiation curable waterborne coating resin according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the waterborne resin has a solids content of 35-70 wt.%, preferably 50-60 wt.%.

10. A process for preparing the radiation curable waterborne resin of any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:

(1) firstly, polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether reacts with organic acid anhydride;

(2) reacting the product of step (1) with an epoxy compound;

(3) reacting and neutralizing the product of step (2) with an optional (meth) acrylic acid and an optional hydrophilic compound to obtain an emulsifier A;

(4) and (4) uniformly mixing the emulsifier A obtained in the step (3) with the acrylate compound B, and optionally adding a cosolvent, and adding water for dispersing to obtain the water-based resin.

11. Use of the aqueous radiation curable resin according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for coating of hard substrates.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a radiation-curable waterborne resin, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Waterborne radiation curable resins find wide application in many fields due to the combination of certain advantages of both waterborne and radiation curable resins. In some hard substrate fields such as plastic, woodware, floor and other industries, the requirements on the coating such as hardness, chemical resistance, scratch resistance and the like are very high. In order to obtain a relatively high performance, the resin is required to have a high density of crosslinking group content, thereby obtaining a high crosslinking density. The aqueous radiation curable resin is usually self-emulsifying anionic urethane acrylate, and due to the characteristics of the synthesis preparation process, the content of the acrylate in the aqueous radiation curable resin prepared by the internal emulsification process is not too high, so that the performances of the coating, such as hardness, wear resistance and the like, are not good.

Patent CN104284948A discloses an external emulsifying aqueous radiation curable composition prepared from an external emulsifier consisting of alternating polyoxyethylene chain ends and oxidized polypropylene chain ends and a compound with high content of acrylate group, but when an emulsion is prepared by dispersing this kind of emulsifier, the viscosity during resin dispersion is very high, especially when the phase is reversed, the resin viscosity is as high as tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of cps, and the requirements on the production emulsification dispersion process and equipment are too severe.

Patent DE4343885 discloses externally emulsifiable aqueous radiation curable dispersions using primary or secondary amines of polyethylene (propylene glycol) monoethers as emulsifiers which have a weak emulsifying power and a poor emulsion stability.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new external emulsifier to dispersively prepare the aqueous resin, so as to solve various disadvantages existing in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a radiation-curable waterborne resin. The solid component of the radiation-curable water-based resin comprises an emulsifier prepared based on polyethylene glycol monoether and a radiation-curable acrylate compound, the content of acrylate in the solid component of the resin is about 3-11mmol/g, the high content of acrylate and the specific emulsifier ensure that the resin has excellent hardness and chemical resistance, and the emulsifier in the resin ensures that the resin has low dispersion viscosity and good emulsion stability. Several drawbacks of the prior art are better ameliorated.

The solid component of the radiation curable aqueous resin of the present invention comprises 5-30 wt%, preferably 10-25 wt% of emulsifier a and 70-95 wt%, preferably 75-90 wt% of radiation curable acrylate compound B, said wt% being based on the total mass of a and B, wherein emulsifier a is obtained by reacting:

a1 polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, the content of the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether is 20-80 wt%, preferably 50-65 wt%; a2 organic acid anhydride, the content of the organic acid anhydride is 2-10 wt%, preferably 3-5 wt%; a3 epoxy compound, the content of said epoxy compound being 15-70 wt%, preferably 30-40 wt%; optionally A4 (meth) acrylic acid, the content of said (meth) acrylic acid being between 0 and 5% by weight, preferably between 1 and 2% by weight; optionally a5 hydrophilic compound containing at least 1 epoxy-reactive group and at least 1 hydrophilic acidic group providing hydrophilicity after salt formation by reaction with a neutralizing agent, said hydrophilic compound being present in an amount of 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, said% by weight being based on the total weight of the emulsifier (sum of a1 to a 5).

Further, the alkyl group in the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether A1 for preparing the emulsifier in the radiation-curable aqueous resin of the present invention is a linear or branched alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms, preferably polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and the weight average molecular weight is 1000-5000, preferably 3000-4000.

Further, the organic acid anhydride a2 according to the present invention is one or more selected from acetic anhydride, malonic anhydride, succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, maleic anhydride, etc., preferably trimellitic anhydride.

Further, the epoxy compound A3 according to the present invention is a reaction product of a polyol which is a difunctional aliphatic or aromatic compound, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-Butanediol (BDO), 1, 3-butanediol, cyclohexanediol, 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol (NPG), hydroquinone bis (hydroxyethyl ether), bisphenol A (2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane), hydrogenated bisphenol A (2, 2-bis (4-hydroxycyclohexyl) propane), trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, α -hydroxybutyl- ε -hydroxyhexanoate, glycidol, or a polyol with glycidyl, One or more of omega-hydroxyhexyl-gamma-hydroxybutyrate, di (beta-hydroxyethyl) adipate and di (beta-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate; preferably, the epoxy compound is a bisphenol a (or hydrogenated bisphenol a) epoxy resin such as E12, E20, E44, E51, E54, and the like, preferably E20.

Further, the epoxy reactive group in the hydrophilic compound a5 of the present invention is selected from amino group, and the hydrophilic acidic group is selected from carboxyl group and/or sulfonic group; the hydrophilic compound a5 is selected from one or more of monoamino carboxylic acid, diamino carboxylic acid, monoamino sulfonic acid, diamino sulfonic acid, such as N- (2-aminoethyl) - β -alanine, 2- (2-aminoethylamino) ethanesulfonic acid, ethylenediamine propylsulfonic acid, ethylenediamine butylsulfonic acid, 1, 2-propylenediamine- β -ethanesulfonic acid, 1, 3-propylenediamine- β -ethanesulfonic acid, malic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, taurine, lysine, preferably monoamino sulfonic acid such as methyl taurine and cyclohexylaminobutanesulfonic acid.

The hydrophilic compound described in the present invention is optional and may or may not be used in practice. When hydrophilic compound A5 is used in the synthesis of emulsifiers, neutralizing agent A6 is used in the emulsifier synthesis. The neutralizing agent a6 may be selected from one or more of organic tertiary amines selected from one or more of trimethylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N-phenyldiethanolamine, diethylethanolamine, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine, triethylamine and N, N-dimethylethanolamine and inorganic base compounds, preferably alkali metal hydroxides such as KOH, NaOH, LiOH and the like. The neutralizing agent is preferably triethylamine or sodium hydroxide. The molar ratio of the neutralizing agent A6 to the hydrophilic acidic groups in the hydrophilic compound A5 is (0.5-1.1): 1, preferably (0.9-1.0): 1.

the radiation curable acrylate compound B according to the present invention may be selected from one or more of polyester acrylate oligomer, epoxy acrylate oligomer, urethane acrylate oligomer and acrylate type acrylate oligomer, preferably polyester acrylate and urethane acrylate, and the number average or weight average molecular weight of the radiation curable acrylate compound B is in the range of 200-.

Typical urethane acrylates are obtained by reacting at least one polyisocyanate, optionally at least one polyol compound containing at least one reactive group reactive with isocyanate groups, at least one acrylate compound containing a reactive group reactive with isocyanate groups. When a polyol compound is used in the production of urethane acrylate, an isocyanate group NCO-terminated oligomer is obtained by first conducting a prepolymerization reaction between isocyanate and a polyol compound until the NCO content of the reaction system reaches a theoretical value, and the molar ratio of the NCO groups of isocyanate to the hydroxyl groups of the polyol compound is preferably (1.2 to 6): 1. the end-capping reaction of the prepolymer having terminal NCO groups is continued with an acrylate compound having an isocyanate-reactive group, and the molar ratio of the reactive group contained in the acrylate compound having an isocyanate-reactive group to the NCO group in the prepolymer having a terminal NCO group is preferably (0.9 to 1.1): 1 until the NCO content of the reaction system reaches the theoretical value, and urethane acrylate oligomer with acrylate end groups is obtained. If no polyol compound is used, the capping reaction is directly carried out by reacting the polyisocyanate with the acrylate compound having a reactive group reactive with the isocyanate group, and the molar ratio of the reactive group contained in the acrylate compound to the NCO group is preferably (0.9 to 1.1): 1 until the NCO content of the reaction system reaches the theoretical value, and urethane acrylate oligomer with acrylate end groups is obtained. In the prepolymerization reaction and the end-capping reaction, the reaction temperature is preferably 50-90 ℃, the common reaction catalyst is bismuth naphthenate, and the using amount is preferably 100-1000 ppm.

Wherein the polyisocyanate is selected from aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic polyisocyanates and aliphaticOne or two or more of derivatives of aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic polyisocyanates, such as 1, 6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H)₁₂MDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), HDI biuret, HDI trimer, IPDI trimer, and the like.

The polyol compound containing at least one reactive group reactive with isocyanate groups is a small or large molecule diol or triol, wherein the small molecule diol or triol preferably has a number average molecular weight of less than 400, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, cyclohexanediol, 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone dihydroxyethyl ether, bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, α -hydroxybutyl- ε -hydroxyhexanoate, ω -hydroxyhexyl- γ -hydroxybutyrate, di (. beta. -hydroxyethyl) adipate, di (. beta. -hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, and the like; one or more of 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol are preferred. The high molecular weight diol has a weight average molecular weight of 400-.

The acrylate compounds according to the invention containing reactive groups which react with isocyanate groups are generally hydroxy (meth) acrylates, such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and also compounds which, after esterification of (meth) acrylic acid with tri-, tetra-, penta-or hexa-membered polyols or mixtures thereof, lead to compounds containing 1 or 2 hydroxy groups and at least 1 acrylate group, preferably compounds containing 1 hydroxy group and at least 2 acrylate groups, such as glycerol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane triacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, particularly preferably pentaerythritol triacrylate and dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate. Typical polyester acrylates of the present invention are obtained by esterification of (meth) acrylic acid with small molecule polyols having a molecular weight of less than 400, such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, propoxylated glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, di-trimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, di-pentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, di-pentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, and the like.

The typical polyester acrylate of the present invention can also be obtained by esterification of (meth) acrylic acid with a 2000-molecular weight-average molecular polyester polyol prepared by polycondensation of a small molecular alcohol such as 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, diethylene glycol, 1, 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, etc. with a polybasic carboxylic acid such as adipic acid, phthalic acid, toluic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic anhydride, etc. The macromolecular polyester polyol can be directly selected from commercial products such as poly neopentyl glycol adipate 7112T with the weight-average molecular weight of 1000 in Qingdao Yutian.

The typical polyester acrylate is obtained by esterification reaction of (methyl) acrylic acid and micromolecular alcohol or macromolecular polyester polyol, wherein the molar ratio of the acrylic acid to hydroxyl in the alcohol is (1-1.05): 1, the reaction catalyst is one or more of tertiary amine, quaternary ammonium salt catalyst and triphenylphosphine catalyst, preferably triphenylphosphine catalyst, and the dosage of the catalyst is 0.1-0.5 wt%, preferably 0.2-0.4 wt% of the total mass of the reaction system. The reaction temperature is 100-130 ℃, and when the acid value of the reaction system of acrylic acid and alcohol esterification is less than 5, the reaction is considered to be stopped when the reaction end point is reached to obtain the product.

The urethane acrylate compound may also be selected directly from commercial products such as CN9006, CN9013 and the like from sartomer company.

The double bond content of the radiation-curable acrylate compound B in the resin solid part of the radiation-curable water-based coating resin is 3-11mmol/g, and preferably 6-8 mmol/g.

The invention optionally contains a co-solvent having a boiling point of 100-350 ℃ at normal atmospheric pressure. In some practice of the invention, the resin has a relatively high viscosity, and for ease of dispersion, a certain amount of solvent may be added to the resin, including but not limited to propylene glycol mono (di) methyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol diacetate, butyl acetate, etc., and the amount of solvent in the aqueous resin is 0-20 wt%, preferably 5-10 wt%.

The aqueous resin of the present invention may further comprise a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is one or more of tertiary amine catalysts, quaternary ammonium salt catalysts and triphenylphosphine catalysts, preferably triphenylphosphine catalysts, and the amount of the catalyst is 0.1-0.5 wt%, preferably 0.2-0.4 wt% of the total mass of the reaction system (A1-A5).

The solid content of the aqueous coating resin of the present invention is 35 to 70 wt%, preferably 50 to 60 wt%.

According to a second object of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above aqueous resin, comprising the steps of:

(1) firstly, polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether reacts with organic acid anhydride;

(2) reacting the product of step (1) with an epoxy compound;

(3) reacting and neutralizing the product of step (2) with an optional (meth) acrylic acid and an optional hydrophilic compound to obtain an emulsifier A;

(4) and (4) uniformly mixing the emulsifier A obtained in the step (3) with the acrylate compound B, and optionally adding a cosolvent, and adding water for dispersing to obtain the water-based resin. The amount of water added is such that the solids content of the aqueous coating resin is from 35 to 70%, preferably from 50 to 60% by weight.

Wherein the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, the organic acid anhydride, the epoxy compound, the hydrophilic compound, and the acrylate compound are as defined above.

In a more specific embodiment, the aqueous resin of the present invention is prepared as follows:

stirring polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether with the water content of less than 500ppm and organic acid anhydride at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, fully and uniformly mixing, adding a catalyst for reaction until the reaction system reaches the theoretical acid value, adding an epoxy compound, continuing the reaction at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ until the epoxy value of the reaction system reaches the theoretical content, optionally continuing adding (meth) acrylic acid, monitoring the acid value of the reaction system reaches the theoretical value, cooling to 100 +/-5 ℃, optionally adding a solvent, continuing cooling to 50-80 ℃, optionally adding a hydrophilic compound for reaction (for example, for 10-30 minutes) to obtain an emulsifier, adding the emulsifier into an acrylate compound, stirring and uniformly mixing (for example, at the temperature of 50-60 ℃), slowly adding water for dispersion to obtain the water-based resin. The catalyst is one or more of tertiary amine catalyst, quaternary ammonium salt catalyst and triphenylphosphine catalyst, preferably triphenylphosphine catalyst, and the dosage of the catalyst is 0.1-0.5 wt%, preferably 0.2-0.4 wt% of the reaction system (the total mass of A1-A5).

According to a third object of the present invention, there is also provided the use of the above-mentioned radiation curable waterborne resin for coatings of hard substrates such as plastics, woodware, flooring.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior external emulsification technology, the radiation-curable aqueous resin prepared from the acrylate external emulsifier prepared from the polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether and the compound with high acrylate content has the advantages of small inverse viscosity of a dispersed phase, simple dispersion process and equipment, high production efficiency and good stability of the aqueous resin.

Detailed Description

The technical solution and the effects of the present invention are further described by the following specific examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Simple modifications of the invention applying the inventive concept are within the scope of the invention as claimed.

In the following examples and comparative examples, the sources of the main raw materials are as follows:

ethylene dimethyl ether alcohol 1000,3350,5000 Han nong chemical, industrial product;

trimellitic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, and an avastin reagent, and the analysis is pure;

epoxy resins E20, E44, E12, E54, ba ling petrochemical, industrial;

propylene glycol methyl ether PM, a traditional Chinese medicine reagent and chemical purity;

pentaerythritol triacrylate (hydroxyl equivalent weight 400, acrylate double bond content 10mmol/g), dipentaerythritol penta/hexaacrylate (molecular weight 578, acrylate double bond content 10mmol/g), Sanmu chemical engineering, and Industrial products

Isophorone diisocyanate, Yingchuang, Industrial product

Emulsifier 7101, Daochi chemical and industrial products

Cyclohexyl amino butyl sulfonic acid, Zibo en product chemical industry, industrial product.

Method for testing epoxy group content: and (2) adopting a potentiometric titration method for testing, adding a certain amount of sample into an acetone hydrochloride solution for dissolving, then titrating by using an ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide, determining a titration reaction end point through the potentiometric method so as to determine the dosage of the titrated ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide, and calculating according to the dosage of the ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide used for titrating the blank sample and the sample to be tested to obtain the epoxy group content in the sample.

Isocyanate NCO content test: and (2) adopting a potentiometric titration method for testing, taking a sample containing-NCO groups, adding a chlorobenzene solvent for dissolving, adding quantitative di-n-butylamine to react with residual-NCO groups in the sample, titrating the residual di-n-butylamine by using a quantitative dilute hydrochloric acid solution, determining a titration reaction end point by using the potentiometric method so as to determine the dosage of the titrated dilute hydrochloric acid, and calculating by using the dosage of the di-n-butylamine and the dosage of the titrated hydrochloric acid so as to obtain the content of the residual-NCO groups.

And (3) testing by adopting a potentiometric titration method, adding a certain amount of sample into a hydrochloric acid solution with standard volume to be dissolved, titrating by using a sodium hydroxide solution, determining a titration reaction end point by using the potentiometric method so as to determine the dosage of the titrated sodium hydroxide solution, and calculating according to the dosage of the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution used for titrating the blank sample and the sample to be tested to obtain the sample acid value.

Example 1

Adding 33.5 g of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether MPEG3350 into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, adding 1.92 g of trimellitic anhydride and 0.2 g of triphenylphosphine, stirring for reaction for about 2 hours, sampling, testing the acid value of the reaction system to be 32, adding 20 g of bisphenol a epoxy resin E20, continuing the reaction for 3 hours, sampling, testing the system until the epoxy value is about 0.036, adding about 0.72 g of acrylic acid, continuing the reaction and sampling for testing, reducing the temperature to 80-90 ℃ after the epoxy value of the system is about 0.02, adding 40 g of propylene glycol methyl ether, adding 1.2 g of cyclohexylaminobutanesulfonic acid and 0.2 g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 10 g of water, and continuing the reaction for about 1 hour to obtain an emulsifier. Another 70 g of isophorone diisocyanate and 260 g of pentaerythritol triacrylate were added to the flask and reacted at 70 ℃ with about 500ppm of bismuth catalyst until the isocyanate group content of the test system was less than 0.2% by sampling. The oligomer and the aforementioned emulsifier were added to a dispersion tank, the temperature of the system was maintained at about 55 to 65 ℃ and the system was dispersed by shearing with a toothed dispersion plate while adding 337 g of water slowly to obtain aqueous resin 1 having a solid content of 50% by weight.

Example 2

Adding 50 g of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether MPEG5000 into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, adding 1.92 g of trimellitic anhydride and 0.2 g of triphenylphosphine, stirring to react for about 2 hours, sampling to test the acid value of the reaction system to be 22, adding 10 g of bisphenol a epoxy resin E44, continuing to react for 3 hours, sampling to test the system until the epoxy value is about 0.04, adding about 1.5 g of acrylic acid to continue to react and sampling to test, reducing the temperature to 80-90 ℃ until the epoxy value of the system is less than 0.005, and adding 50 g of propylene glycol methyl ether to obtain the emulsifier. Another 124 grams of isophorone diisocyanate and 446 grams of pentaerythritol triacrylate were added to the flask and reacted at 70 ℃ with about 500ppm of bismuth catalyst until the isocyanate group content of the test system was less than 0.2% by sampling. The oligomer and the aforementioned emulsifier were added to a dispersion tank, the temperature of the system was maintained at about 55 to 65 ℃, and 583 g of water was slowly added while shearing and stirring with a toothed dispersion plate, to disperse to give 50 wt% of solid content of aqueous resin 2.

Example 3

Adding 100 g of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether MPEG1000 into a flask, heating to 110 ℃, adding 19.2 g of trimellitic anhydride and 0.3 g of triphenylphosphine, stirring to react for about 2 hours, sampling to test the acid value of a reaction system to be 95, adding 333 g of bisphenol a epoxy resin E12, continuing to react for 3 hours, sampling to test the system until the epoxy value is about 0.045, reducing the temperature to 80-90 ℃, adding 450 g of propylene glycol methyl ether, adding 47 g of cyclohexylaminobutanesulfonic acid and 8 g of sodium hydroxide into 100 g of water to form an aqueous solution, and continuing to react for about 1 hour to obtain the emulsifier. 950 g of dipentaerythritol penta/hexaacrylate and 106 g of the emulsifier are added into a dispersion tank, the temperature of the system is kept at about 55-65 ℃, and 955 g of water is slowly added while shearing and stirring are carried out by a dentate dispersion plate, so as to obtain the 50 wt% solid content water-based resin 3.

Example 4

100 g of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether MPEG1000 is added into a flask, 15.4 g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride is added when the temperature is raised to 110 ℃, 0.3 g of triphenylphosphine is added, after stirring and reacting for about 2 hours, a sample is taken to test the acid value of the reaction system to be 49, 37 g of bisphenol a epoxy resin E54 is added, the reaction is continued for 3 hours, the sample is taken to test the system until the epoxy value is about 0.066, and 8.0 g of methacrylic acid is added to continue the reaction until the epoxy value is less than 0.005, thus obtaining the emulsifier. 380 g of dipentaerythritol penta/hexaacrylate and the emulsifier are added into a dispersion tank, the temperature of the system is kept at about 55-65 ℃, 541 g of water is slowly added while shearing and stirring are carried out by a dentate dispersion plate, and the 50 wt% solid content water-based resin 4 is obtained by dispersion.

Example 5

50 g of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether MPEG5000 is added into a flask, 1.54 g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride is added when the temperature is raised to 110 ℃, 0.3 g of triphenylphosphine is added, after the stirring reaction is carried out for about 2 hours, a sample is taken to test the acid value of the reaction system to be 11, 16.7 g of bisphenol a epoxy resin E12 is added, the reaction is continued for 3 hours, the sample is taken to test the system until the epoxy value is about 0.016, 0.72 g of acrylic acid is added, the reaction is continued until the epoxy value is less than 0.005, the temperature is reduced to 80-90 ℃, and 50 g of propylene glycol methyl ether is added, thus obtaining the emulsifier. The emulsifier and about 280 g of urethane acrylate oligomer CN9013 from sartomer company are added into a dispersion tank, the temperature of the system is kept at about 55-65 ℃, and 300 g of water is slowly added for dispersion while shearing and stirring are carried out by a dentate dispersion plate, so as to obtain the 50 wt% solid content aqueous resin 5.

Comparative example 1R

70 g of isophorone diisocyanate and 260 g of pentaerythritol triacrylate were added to the flask and reacted at 70 ℃ with about 500ppm of bismuth catalyst until the isocyanate group content of the test system was less than 0.2% by sampling. This oligomer, 57 g of emulsifier 7101 and 50 g of propylene glycol methyl ether were added to a dispersion tank, the temperature of the system was maintained at about 55 to 65 ℃, and the system was dispersed by shearing with a toothed dispersion plate while slowly adding 337 g of water to obtain an aqueous resin 1R having a solid content of 50 wt%.

The emulsions obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1R were used to prepare coating formulations as shown in Table 1, which were applied to a plastic substrate and dried to form a coating having a thickness of 40 μm, and cured by means of a mercury lamp having an energy of 430mJ/cm2, and the coatings were subjected to the performance tests, the results of which are specified in Table 2.

TABLE 1 example and comparative coating formulations

Name of raw materials	Formulation content
		Water paint resin	78.00
BYK-028	0.30
		BYK-348	0.30
Deionized water	19.70
		VesmodyTM U604	0.80
Irgcure 500	0.90
		In total	100.00

And (3) hardness testing: and testing the hardness of the paint film by a color paint and varnish pencil method according to the GB/T6739-2006 standard.

Particle size tester: model ZS-90 Malvern particle size analyzer.

Emulsion storage stability testing: the emulsion is placed in an oven at 50 ℃ for 2 weeks, and whether the emulsion has sedimentation, flocculation and the like is determined, and the test result shows that 5 is best and 0 is worst.

And (3) testing the adhesive force: 5 cutting lines with the interval of 1mm are cut on the coating by a blade, similar cutting lines are also cut in the transverse direction, the adhesive tape is quickly torn off after being tightly pressed on the coating of the cross cutting line by using a 3M adhesive force test, the adhesive force of the coating is judged according to the damage of the coating in the cross cutting area, and the adhesive force is expressed by 0-5 grades, wherein 5 is best (no stripping at all) and 0 is worst (basically stripping at all).

The solvent-resistant coating was wiped off, cotton cloth saturated with isopropanol was pressed against the coating and moved back and forth, and the degree of damage of the coating was observed after 100 double rubs, and expressed in a scale of 0 to 5, 5 being the best (no damage at all) and 0 being the worst (open bottom).

And (3) steel wool scratch resistance, namely, the steel wool is used for pressing the coating to move back and forth, the coating is scratched in two directions for 10 times, and the damage degree of the coating is observed and judged, wherein the 5 is best (no scratch) and the 0 is worst (very strong scratch) according to the grade of 0-5.

NaOH, ethanol and acetic acid resistance test standards: HG/T38280 was tested. The test result is best at 5, and worst at 0.

TABLE 2 test of the properties of the examples and comparative examples

Table 2 shows that, because the functionality and the content of acrylate in the resin are relatively high, the various resistances of the coating are not greatly different, and are relatively good, the largest difference is that the viscosity of the emulsifier prepared by the present invention is relatively low at the phase inversion point, and the emulsifier can be normally dispersed without a special process, while the viscosity of the phase inversion point in the comparative example 1R experiment is extremely high during the dispersion process, even if the rotation speed of the dispersion plate is increased during the phase inversion, the resin cannot move even to generate shear, and the position of the dispersion plate needs to be adjusted up and down and left and right to ensure that the added water and the resin can be uniformly mixed to generate shear dispersion until an emulsion is formed.