阅读说明：本技术 增加农药雾滴粒径的喷雾助剂、其制备方法及使用方法 (Spraying aid for increasing particle size of pesticide droplets, and preparation method and application method thereof ) 是由 徐德进 徐广春 徐鹿 顾中言 王聪博 胡双女 于 2021-01-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及增加农药雾滴粒径的喷雾助剂、其制备方法及使用方法。该喷雾助剂由以下组分构成：植物油10-45份,乳化剂5-15份,抗漂移剂2-20份,抗蒸发剂1-13份,消泡剂1-5份,结构稳定剂1-5份,以及去离子水；去离子水的份数≥0份,且不超过植物油份数的一半；喷雾助剂呈稳定的悬浮液状。制备工艺采用连续乳化工艺。使用时先将喷雾助剂用水稀释成水液,再将杀虫剂或杀菌剂按所需剂量加入水液中,即可用于大田喷雾作业。本发明的喷雾助剂在确保农药雾滴润湿性能的基础上,能增加喷雾雾滴粒径,促进其沉降,同时减少小雾滴比例,减少农药雾滴漂移,增加作物冠层农药雾滴沉积密度；制备工艺简单；田间使用操作方便。(The invention relates to a spray assistant for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets, a preparation method and a use method thereof. The spray assistant consists of the following components: 10-45 parts of vegetable oil, 5-15 parts of emulsifier, 2-20 parts of anti-drift agent, 1-13 parts of anti-evaporation agent, 1-5 parts of defoaming agent, 1-5 parts of structure stabilizer and deionized water; the part of the deionized water is more than or equal to 0 part and is not more than half of the part of the vegetable oil; the spray aid is in the form of a stable suspension. The preparation process adopts a continuous emulsification process. When in use, the spraying auxiliary agent is diluted into water solution by water, and then the pesticide or the bactericide is added into the water solution according to the required dosage, thus being applicable to field spraying operation. On the basis of ensuring the wettability of pesticide droplets, the spray additive can increase the particle size of the spray droplets, promote the sedimentation of the spray droplets, reduce the proportion of small droplets, reduce the drift of the pesticide droplets and increase the deposition density of the pesticide droplets on crop canopy; the preparation process is simple; the field use and operation are convenient.)

1. A spraying assistant for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

10-45 parts of vegetable oil, 5-15 parts of emulsifier, 2-20 parts of anti-drift agent, 1-13 parts of anti-evaporation agent, 1-5 parts of defoaming agent, 1-5 parts of structure stabilizer and deionized water; the part of the deionized water is more than or equal to 0 part and is not more than half of the part of the vegetable oil;

the spray aid is in the form of a stable suspension.

2. The spray aid according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil is present in an amount of 10 to 39 parts by weight or 41 to 45 parts by weight; or the anti-drift agent accounts for 2-9 parts or 11-20 parts by weight.

3. The spray aid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vegetable oil is one or a mixture of two or more of soybean oil, castor oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and turpentine oil.

4. The spray assistant agent of claim 1 or 2, wherein the emulsifier is one or a mixture of more than two of agricultural milk 500#, agricultural milk 600#, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-10 and polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10.

5. The spray aid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anti-drift agent is one or a mixture of two or more of guar gum, magnesium chloride and urea; the defoaming agent is one or a mixture of more than two of silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil and hydroxyl silicone oil.

6. The spray aid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evaporation retardant is one or a mixture of two or more of isooctanol, n-octanol, pentanol, methyl oleate and paraffin oil.

7. The spray assistant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure stabilizer is one or a mixture of more than two of white carbon black, kaolin, xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate; or the structure stabilizer is one or a mixture of more than two of white carbon black, kaolin and magnesium aluminum silicate.

8. A process for the preparation of a spray aid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it comprises the steps of:

firstly, taking vegetable oil as an oil phase, adding an emulsifier into the oil phase, heating and stirring to emulsify the oil phase, and uniformly mixing;

secondly, adding an anti-drift agent into the mixed liquid obtained in the first step, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing;

thirdly, adding an evaporation resisting agent, a defoaming agent, a structure stabilizing agent and deionized water for complementing into water into the mixed solution obtained in the second step, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing;

fourthly, putting the mixed solution obtained in the third step into a homogenizer for shearing and dispersing;

and step five, grinding the mixed solution obtained in the step four under a glass bead or zirconium bead medium to obtain a finished spraying aid.

9. Use of a spray aid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it comprises the steps of: calculating the dosage of the spray auxiliary agent according to the dosage of the liquid medicine applied by the low-volume spraying method or the ultra-low-volume spraying method; the spraying assistant is diluted into water solution, and the pesticide or bactericide is added into the water solution according to the required dosage, and then the spraying assistant can be used for field spraying operation.

10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the amount of the spray aid is 3-30 g/ha.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a spray assistant for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets, a preparation method and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of pesticide preparations.

Background

The spraying method is a method for spraying liquid pesticide or diluent thereof into the air by using a spraying machine to form a liquid-gas dispersion system, and is the application technology with the highest use frequency in the prevention and treatment of diseases, insects and grasses at present. Different spray volumes require the adoption of proper liquid medicine atomization modes and liquid medicine atomization properties suitable for the liquid medicine atomization modes.

At present, the multi-rotor and single-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle has the advantages of high operation efficiency, low labor intensity, high automation degree and the like, is developed very rapidly in China, and becomes a main pesticide application machine for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of crops such as rice, wheat, corn, soybean and the like. The plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle has high flying speed, the distance between a spray head and a plant canopy is generally about 1-3 meters, the process from the spraying of a spray nozzle of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the surface impact, retention, wetting and spreading of target crops is very complex, and the deposition efficiency of pesticide is influenced by a plurality of factors such as physico-chemical characteristics of liquid medicine, surface characteristics of crops, environmental conditions, aircraft operation parameters and the like.

The spraying assistant can change the physical surface tension and the wettability of the pesticide, and is an important means for improving the utilization rate of the pesticide. The current common spray auxiliary agent is designed based on constant spraying, and mainly reduces the surface tension of the liquid medicine to improve the wetting capacity, but the reduction of the surface tension of the liquid medicine can cause the particle size of spray droplets to be reduced. For aviation spraying, the reduction of the particle size of spray droplets can cause a large amount of small droplets to drift and evaporate more easily, and the pesticide deposition efficiency of aviation spraying is influenced.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly synergistic spray auxiliary agent, which is found by retrieval, and is disclosed in the invention patent applications with the application numbers of CN201911219233.X and CN111194744A, and comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-40 parts of plant source extract, 10-40 parts of surfactant, 3-10 parts of antifreezing agent and 10-77 parts of organic solvent. However, the main purpose of the technical scheme is to enhance the spreading wettability of the liquid medicine on the surface of crops, the problem of the particle size of spray droplets is not noticed, and the scheme can reduce the surface tension of the liquid medicine to reduce the particle size of the droplets. This is also a problem with the prior art spray aids mentioned above.

The invention patent application with the application number of CN202010071943.9 and the application publication number of CN111183977A discloses a special auxiliary agent for preventing the flying fog of a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, which is in a three-phase dynamic stable emulsion state of 'water/oil/water', and at least comprises an innermost dispersed water phase, an intermediate dispersed oil phase and an outermost continuous water phase. Although the technical scheme is specially used for the flight control spraying of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, the problem of the particle size of the spray droplets is not noticed, and a person skilled in the art cannot know how to obtain the spray auxiliary agent for increasing the particle size of the pesticide droplets; meanwhile, the preparation method is relatively complex because the water/oil/water three-phase type auxiliary agent is adopted.

The invention patent application with the application number of CN202010244099.5 and the application publication number of CN111406743A discloses a formula of a special tank mix auxiliary agent for pesticide flight control, which comprises the following compounds in percentage by mass: 5-10% of an anti-drift agent, 2-3% of a wetting agent, 2-3% of a dispersing agent, 3-10% of a viscosity regulator, 0.05-0.5% of a defoaming agent, 2-4% of an antifreezing agent and 69.5-85.95% of water; can reduce the generation of fine fog drops with the diameter less than 50 mu m and improve the distribution of the fog drops in the range of 150 mu m to 300 mu m. However, the technical scheme adopts a water phase formula, and the technical scheme of the invention adopts an oil phase formula, so that the spray is particularly suitable for low-volume or ultra-low-volume spraying, and has different component compositions and is not suggested.

Disclosure of Invention

The main purposes of the invention are: the spraying assistant for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is provided, the particle size of the droplets is increased on the basis of ensuring the wettability of the pesticide droplets, the sedimentation of the droplets is promoted, the proportion of small droplets is reduced, the drift of the pesticide droplets is reduced, and the spraying assistant is particularly suitable for low-volume or ultra-low-volume spraying; also provided are methods of making and methods of using the same.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems of the invention is as follows:

a spraying assistant for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

10-45 parts of vegetable oil, 5-15 parts of emulsifier, 2-20 parts of anti-drift agent, 1-13 parts of anti-evaporation agent, 1-5 parts of defoaming agent, 1-5 parts of structure stabilizer and deionized water; the part of the deionized water is more than or equal to 0 part and is not more than half of the part of the vegetable oil;

the spray aid is in the form of a stable suspension.

On the basis of ensuring the wettability of pesticide droplets, the spray assistant increases the particle size of the droplets, promotes the sedimentation of the droplets, reduces the proportion of small droplets, reduces the drift of the pesticide droplets, and increases the deposition density of the pesticide droplets on crop canopy. The spraying assistant adopts a system which takes vegetable oil as an oil base, is stable, and is particularly suitable for low-volume or ultra-low-volume spraying.

Preferably, the vegetable oil accounts for 10-39 parts or 41-45 parts by weight; or the anti-drift agent accounts for 2-9 parts or 11-20 parts by weight.

Preferably, the vegetable oil is one or a mixture of more than two of soybean oil, castor oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil and turpentine.

Preferably, the emulsifier is one or a mixture of more than two of agricultural milk 500#, agricultural milk 600#, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-10 and polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10.

Preferably, the anti-drift agent is one or a mixture of more than two of guar gum, magnesium chloride and urea; the defoaming agent is one or a mixture of more than two of silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil and hydroxyl silicone oil.

Preferably, the anti-evaporation agent is one or a mixture of more than two of isooctanol, n-octanol, amyl alcohol, methyl oleate and paraffin oil.

Preferably, the structure stabilizer is one or a mixture of more than two of white carbon black, kaolin, xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate; or the structure stabilizer is one or a mixture of more than two of white carbon black, kaolin and magnesium aluminum silicate.

By adopting the preferable scheme, the specific composition of the spraying auxiliary agent can be further optimized, and the effect of better increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is realized.

The present invention also provides:

the preparation method of the spraying aid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

firstly, taking vegetable oil as an oil phase, adding an emulsifier into the oil phase, heating and stirring to emulsify the oil phase, and uniformly mixing;

secondly, adding an anti-drift agent into the mixed liquid obtained in the first step, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing;

thirdly, adding an evaporation resisting agent, a defoaming agent, a structure stabilizing agent and deionized water for complementing into water into the mixed solution obtained in the second step, continuously stirring and uniformly mixing;

fourthly, putting the mixed solution obtained in the third step into a homogenizer for shearing and dispersing;

and step five, grinding the mixed solution obtained in the step four under a glass bead or zirconium bead medium to obtain a finished spraying aid.

The preparation method prepares the oil base into stable suspension, namely the spraying auxiliary agent, by a continuous emulsification process under the mediation of the emulsifier, and the stable suspension can be used for preparing spraying solution, and is particularly suitable for low-volume and ultra-low-volume spraying.

The present invention also provides:

the application method of the spraying aid is characterized by comprising the following steps: calculating the dosage of the spray auxiliary agent according to the dosage of the liquid medicine applied by the low-volume spraying method or the ultra-low-volume spraying method; the spraying assistant is diluted into water solution, and the pesticide or bactericide is added into the water solution according to the required dosage, and then the spraying assistant can be used for field spraying operation.

Preferably, the amount of the spray aid is 3 to 30 g/ha.

By adopting the application method, the particle size of the pesticide fog drops can be effectively increased in field spraying operation, the settlement of the pesticide fog drops is promoted, the proportion of the small fog drops is reduced, the drift of the pesticide fog drops is reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for low-volume or ultra-low-volume spraying.

On the basis of ensuring the wettability of pesticide droplets, the spray additive can increase the particle size of the spray droplets, promote the sedimentation of the spray droplets, reduce the proportion of small droplets, reduce the drift of the pesticide droplets and increase the deposition density of the pesticide droplets on crop canopy; the preparation process is simple; the field use and operation are convenient; has both universality and specificity.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The invention is not limited to the examples given.

Example 1

The spraying aid for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is in a stable suspension state and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

45 parts of turpentine, 10 parts of agricultural emulsion 600#, 2 parts of guar gum, 13 parts of isooctanol, 5 parts of silicone oil, 5 parts of white carbon black and 20 parts of deionized water. The weight of each part is 1 g.

The specific preparation process of this example is as follows:

firstly, taking vegetable oil (turpentine) as an oil phase, adding an emulsifier (Nongru No. 600) into the oil phase, heating the mixture to 45 ℃ in a magnetic stirrer, starting magnetic stirring for 600r/min, stirring for 10min, emulsifying the oil phase, and uniformly mixing;

secondly, adding an anti-drift agent (guar gum) into the mixed liquid obtained in the first step, continuing to magnetically stir for 600r/min and stirring for 5min, and uniformly mixing;

thirdly, adding an evaporation resisting agent (isooctanol), a defoaming agent (silicone oil), a structure stabilizer (white carbon black) and the deionized water for supplementing into the mixed solution obtained in the second step, continuing to stir by magnetic force for 5min at a speed of 600r/min, and uniformly mixing;

fourthly, putting the mixed solution obtained in the third step into a homogenizer, and carrying out high-speed shearing dispersion at 3000r/min for continuous shearing for 30 min;

and step five, grinding the mixed solution obtained in the step four under a glass bead or zirconium bead medium to obtain a finished spraying aid.

Example 2

The spraying aid for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is in a stable suspension state and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

10 parts of soybean oil, 5 parts of agricultural emulsion 500#, 9 parts of magnesium chloride, 1 part of n-octanol, 1 part of simethicone, 1 part of kaolin and 5 parts of deionized water. The weight of each part is 1 g.

The specific preparation process of this example is substantially the same as that of example 1, and each component is replaced with the component of this example.

Example 3

The spraying aid for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is in a stable suspension state and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

39 parts of castor oil, 1015 parts of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 20 parts of urea, 6 parts of amyl alcohol, 3 parts of hydroxyl silicone oil, 5 parts of magnesium aluminum silicate and 12 parts of deionized water. The weight of each part is 1 g.

The specific preparation process of this example is substantially the same as that of example 1, and each component is replaced with the component of this example.

Example 4

The spraying aid for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is in a stable suspension state and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

41 parts of corn oil, 108 parts of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, 11 parts of guar gum, 10 parts of methyl oleate, 5 parts of silicone oil, 5 parts of white carbon black and 20 parts of deionized water. The weight of each part is 1 g.

The specific preparation process of this example is substantially the same as that of example 1, and each component is replaced with the component of this example.

Example 5

The spraying aid for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is in a stable suspension state and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

40 parts of rapeseed oil, 10 parts of agricultural emulsion 600#, 10 parts of magnesium chloride, 9 parts of paraffin oil, 5 parts of silicone oil, 3 parts of xanthan gum and 20 parts of deionized water. The weight of each part is 1 g.

The specific preparation process of this example is substantially the same as that of example 1, and each component is replaced with the component of this example.

Example 6

The spraying aid for increasing the particle size of pesticide droplets is in a stable suspension state and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

27 parts of cottonseed oil, 10 parts of agricultural emulsion 600#, 11 parts of guar gum, 4 parts of isooctanol, 5 parts of silicone oil, 5 parts of white carbon black and 13 parts of deionized water. The weight of each part is 1 g.

The specific preparation process of this example is substantially the same as that of example 1, and each component is replaced with the component of this example.

Example 7

This example is a performance test.

First, the spray assistant of example 1 was diluted 1000 times, 500 times, and 100 times with deionized water, and a deionized water blank was used as a reference treatment.

The droplet size was measured using a Lechler110015 standard fan nozzle at a spray pressure of 0.3MPa using a laser droplet sizer, the results of which are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 spray droplet size distribution

Note: the particle size DV50 refers to: arranging the fog drops from small to large, accumulating the volumes one by one, and corresponding to the particle size of the fog drops when the volume of the fog drops accounts for 50% of the total volume;

the particle size DV10 refers to: arranging the fog drops from small to large, accumulating the volumes one by one, and corresponding to the particle size of the fog drops when the volume of the fog drops accounts for 10% of the total volume;

the particle size DV90 refers to: the droplets are arranged from small to large, and the accumulated volume is 90% of the total volume, corresponding to the particle size of the droplets.

As can be seen from Table 1, the volume median diameter (i.e., particle diameter) was significantly increased when the spray aid of example 1 was added, as compared with that when the spray aid was not added; comparing the dispersion coefficient RS, it can be seen that the RS value decreases with the increase of the concentration of the added spraying aid, which indicates that the particle size distribution of the fog drops is more concentrated; as can be seen from the proportion of droplets smaller than 50 μm, the addition of the spray aid of example 1 effectively reduced the proportion of droplets.

And (II) adopting the spraying aid of the example 1, performing 500-fold and 100-fold dilution treatment by using deionized water, and using a deionized water blank control as a reference treatment.

Spraying the pesticide liquid in the paddy field at the jointing stage by using a green agricultural 4DE1000 unmanned plant protection machine according to the pesticide liquid application amount of 15L/hectare, and collecting and counting the fog drop density, the fog drop coverage rate and the particle size of deposited spots on a unit area by using a water sensitive paper. The test results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 distribution of unmanned aerial vehicle spray droplets in the Rice population

As can be seen from Table 2, in the rice canopy, the density of the droplets sprayed by 100 times of the spray aid diluent on the front surface of the leaf at the vertical, 45 degrees and horizontal positions is 56.14, 44.07 and 34.55/cm respectively²4.51, 3.04 and 2.66 times of the clear water control treatment respectively; in the middle and lower layer of rice, the density of 100 times of spray auxiliary agent diluent spray droplets on the front surfaces of the vertical, 45-degree and horizontal position blades is respectively 9.72, 27.50 and 18.20/cm²1.18, 4.72 and 1.73 times of the clear water control treatment, respectively.

The fog drop density is increased, the fog drop coverage rate in unit area is also increased, and the fog drop coverage rates of 100 times of spray auxiliary agent diluent spray fog drops on the vertical, 45-degree and horizontal position blade front surfaces are respectively increased by 5.10 times, 4.34 times and 2.29 times compared with the clear water contrast treatment on the rice canopy; in the middle and lower layer positions of rice, the coverage rates of spray droplets of 100 times of spray auxiliary agent diluent sprayed on the front surfaces of the vertical, 45-degree and horizontal position blades are respectively increased by 1.26, 3.47 and 1.63 times compared with those of a clear water control.

Therefore, the spray additive in example 1 is added, so that the density and coverage rate of spray droplets on multiple sites of the rice canopy and the middle and lower layers are obviously increased.

Example 8

This embodiment is a method of use.

The spray aid of example 1 was used. Calculating the dosage of the spray auxiliary agent according to the dosage of the liquid medicine applied by the low-volume spraying method or the ultra-low-volume spraying method; the spraying assistant is diluted into water solution, and the pesticide or bactericide is added into the water solution according to the required dosage, and then the spraying assistant can be used for field spraying operation. The amount of the spray assistant is 3-30 g/ha.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.