阅读说明：本技术 一种轮式挖机及其高低换档保护系统和方法 (Wheel excavator and high-low gear shift protection system and method thereof ) 是由 陈卿雁 廖德峰 曾锋 陈益明 陈新敏 于 2021-01-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种轮式挖机及其高低换档保护系统和方法,轮式挖机高低换档保护系统包括控制器及与其电连接的仪表盘、翘板开关、压力传感器、发动机ECU和多组联体电磁阀组件,仪表盘具有高速按扭、低速按钮、驻车状态指示灯和档位指示图标,翘板开关用于产生驻车信号,压力传感器用于检测轮式挖机的换挡气缸的气压,多组联体电磁阀组件用于根据控制器的指令动作,以实现相应气路的导通控制,控制器与发动机ECU通过CAN总线连接,用于根据驻车信号和气压的大小来确定是否能够进行高低速换挡。本发明结构简单实用,成本低廉,司机易懂,操作简便。(The invention relates to a wheel excavator and a high-low gear shift protection system and method thereof, wherein the wheel excavator high-low gear shift protection system comprises a controller, and an instrument panel, a rocker switch, a pressure sensor, an engine ECU and a plurality of groups of conjoined electromagnetic valve assemblies which are electrically connected with the controller, the instrument panel is provided with a high-speed button, a low-speed button, a parking state indicator light and a gear indication icon, the rocker switch is used for generating a parking signal, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the air pressure of a gear shift cylinder of the wheel excavator, the plurality of groups of conjoined electromagnetic valve assemblies are used for acting according to the instruction of the controller so as to realize the conduction control of corresponding air passages, and the controller is connected with the engine ECU through a CAN bus and is used for determining whether high-low gear shift CAN be carried out according. The invention has simple and practical structure, low cost, easy understanding for drivers and simple and convenient operation.)

1. The utility model provides a high low gear shift protection system of wheeled excavator which characterized in that, includes controller and the panel board rather than the electricity is connected, rocker switch, pressure sensor, engine ECU and the conjuncted solenoid valve subassembly of multiunit, the panel board has high-speed button, low-speed button, parking state pilot lamp, gear indicator icon and atmospheric pressure display icon: the high-speed button and the low-speed button are used for switching a high-speed gear and a low-speed gear, the parking state indicator lamp is used for displaying whether the wheel type excavator is in a parking state, the gear indication icon is used for displaying whether the wheel type excavator is in the high-speed gear or the low-speed gear, the air pressure display icon is used for displaying the air pressure of a gear shifting cylinder of the wheel type excavator, the rocker switch is used for generating a parking signal, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the air pressure of the gear shifting cylinder, the multiple groups of conjoined solenoid valve assemblies are used for acting according to the instruction of the controller so as to achieve conduction control of corresponding air circuits, and the controller is connected with the engine ECU through a CAN bus and used for determining whether high-speed and low-speed gear shifting CAN be performed according to the parking signal and the air pressure.

2. The wheel excavator high-low gear shift protection system of claim 1 wherein the gear indication icon is a cartoon animal, wherein the high gear is represented by a rabbit and the low gear is represented by a turtle.

3. The wheel excavator high and low shift protection system of claim 1 wherein the park status indicator lights when the park signal is high indicating that the wheel excavator is in park; and when the parking signal is in a low level, the parking state indicator lamp is not on, and the wheel type excavator is in a non-parking state.

4. The wheel excavator high and low shift protection system of claim 3 wherein the determination of whether a high and low shift is possible based on the parking signal and the magnitude of the air pressure is specifically: and when the parking signal is at a high level and the air pressure is more than 0.5Mpa, allowing high-speed and low-speed gear shifting, otherwise, disabling the gear shifting operation.

5. The wheel excavator height shift protection system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of sets of conjoined solenoid valve assemblies are connected at one end to an air supply and at the other end to the shift cylinder via a central swivel joint.

6. The wheel shovel high-low shift protection system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pressure sensor is mounted on an air line between the central swivel joint and the shift cylinder.

7. The wheel excavator high and low shift protection system of claim 5 wherein the plurality of sets of conjoined solenoid valve assemblies include a park solenoid valve, a low gear solenoid valve and a high gear solenoid valve.

8. The wheel shovel high-low shift protection system of claim 1, wherein the high speed button and the low speed button are the same shift button.

9. A wheel excavator having a wheel excavator high and low gear shift protection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A high-low gear shift protection method for a wheel excavator is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of obtaining a parking signal generated by a rocker switch of the wheel type excavator and air pressure of a gear shifting cylinder, determining whether high-speed and low-speed gear shifting can be carried out or not according to the parking signal and the air pressure, and allowing the high-speed and low-speed gear shifting to be carried out when the parking signal is at a high level and the air pressure is greater than 0.5Mpa, otherwise, the gear shifting operation is invalid.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wheel excavator, in particular to a wheel excavator and a high-low gear shift protection system and method thereof.

Background

The gear box and the front and rear axles of the traveling system of the engineering machinery wheel type excavator adopt a plurality of methods at present: the bridge box of "cai aifu (ZF)" in germany, the "danner" in the us and the "comyer" in italy are expensive and have too high production costs. In recent years, domestic axle box manufacturers develop gearboxes (transfer cases) and front and rear axles independently, so that production cost can be reduced, independent innovation is promoted, and development period and barriers limited by technical barriers can be reduced. After all, the work time taken by the wheel excavator in the state of stopping the excavation work is shorter than the work time taken by walking on the road. Moreover, the maximum running speed of the wheel type excavator is within the range of 35km, and the transfer case only has two gears of a high gear and a low gear, so that the requirements of the working excavation state and the maneuverability can be met.

As is known, the torque output by the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear of the running vehicle is different, and if the vehicle is operated to shift during running, due to the structure of the transmission case (the transmission case is not a stepless speed change transmission case or a transmission case provided with a synchronizer), quality accidents such as gear breaking, gear not-shifting or gear breaking and cracking of the gear case are easily caused, so that the normal use of machinery equipment is influenced, and the maintenance and replacement time is long.

Therefore, the chinese patent application CN103953726A discloses a transfer case high-low gear switching protection device, method and engineering machinery vehicle, which limits high-low gear switching by adding a vehicle speed controller and a speed output relay, but this technical scheme needs to modify the original control circuit, which results in large workload and increased cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wheel excavator with low cost and simple and convenient operation, a high-low gear shift protection system and a high-low gear shift protection method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems. Therefore, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

according to an aspect of the invention, a high-low gear shift protection system of a wheel excavator is provided, which comprises a controller, and an instrument panel, a rocker switch, a pressure sensor, an engine ECU and a multi-group conjoined solenoid valve assembly which are electrically connected with the controller, wherein the instrument panel is provided with a high-speed button, a low-speed button, a parking state indicator lamp, a gear indication icon and an air pressure display icon: the high-speed button and the low-speed button are used for switching a high-speed gear and a low-speed gear, the parking state indicator lamp is used for displaying whether the wheel type excavator is in a parking state, the gear indication icon is used for displaying whether the wheel type excavator is in the high-speed gear or the low-speed gear, the air pressure display icon is used for displaying the air pressure of a gear shifting cylinder of the wheel type excavator, the rocker switch is used for generating a parking signal, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the air pressure of the gear shifting cylinder, the multiple groups of conjoined solenoid valve assemblies are used for acting according to the instruction of the controller so as to achieve conduction control of corresponding air circuits, and the controller is connected with the engine ECU through a CAN bus and used for determining whether high-speed and low-speed gear shifting CAN be performed according to the parking signal and the air pressure.

Further, the gear indication icon adopts a cartoon animal, wherein a high-speed gear is represented by a rabbit, and a low-speed gear is represented by a tortoise.

Further, when the parking signal is at a high level, the parking state indicator lamp is turned on to indicate that the wheel excavator is in a parking state; and when the parking signal is in a low level, the parking state indicator lamp is not on, and the wheel type excavator is in a non-parking state.

Further, when the controller detects that the parking signal is at a high level and the air pressure is greater than 0.5Mpa, the high-speed and low-speed gear shifting is allowed.

Furthermore, one end of the plurality of groups of conjoined electromagnetic valve assemblies is connected with an air source, and the other end of the plurality of groups of conjoined electromagnetic valve assemblies is connected with the gear shifting cylinder through the central rotary joint.

Further, the pressure sensor is mounted on an air pipe between the central swivel joint and the shift cylinder.

Furthermore, the multiple sets of conjoined solenoid valve assemblies comprise a parking solenoid valve, a low-speed solenoid valve and a high-speed solenoid valve.

Further, the high-speed button and the low-speed button are the same gear shifting button.

Further, the controller is a PLC and is integrated with the dashboard.

According to another aspect of the invention, a wheel excavator is further provided, wherein the wheel excavator is provided with the high-low gear shifting protection system of the wheel excavator.

According to another aspect of the invention, a high-low gear shifting protection method for a wheel excavator is further provided, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of obtaining a parking signal generated by a rocker switch of the wheel type excavator and air pressure of a gear shifting cylinder, and determining whether high-speed and low-speed gear shifting can be carried out according to the parking signal and the air pressure.

Further, the determination of whether the high-low speed gear shift is possible according to the parking signal and the air pressure is specifically: and when the parking signal is at a high level and the air pressure is more than 0.5Mpa, the high-speed and low-speed gear shifting is allowed.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has simple and practical structure, low cost, easy understanding for drivers and simple and convenient operation.

Drawings

To further illustrate the various embodiments, the invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.

FIG. 1 is an electrical control schematic of the high and low shift protection system of the wheel excavator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic circuit control of the high and low shift protection system of the wheel excavator of the present invention;

figure 3 is a partial schematic view of an instrument panel of the high-low shift protection system of the wheel excavator of the present invention.

List of reference numerals:

1. front axle and tire assemblies; 2. a rear axle and tire assembly; 3. a transfer case assembly; 3.1, parking drum braking; 3.2, a gear shifting cylinder; 4. a travel motor; 5. a central swivel joint; 6. a plurality of groups of conjoined electromagnetic valve components; 6.1, a high-speed electromagnetic valve; 6.2, a low-speed electromagnetic valve; 6.3, a parking electromagnetic valve; 7. a dryer; 8. a compressor; 9. a gas storage tank; 10. a quick air release valve; 11. a power source; 12. an engine ECU; 13. an instrument panel and a controller; 13.1, high speed button; 13.2 low speed button; 14. a rocker switch.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electrical integrated control system of the wheel excavator mainly comprises the following systems: an electrical control system, a pneumatic pipeline control system and a machine running system. The electric control system mainly comprises a controller, an instrument panel 13, a rocker switch 14, an engine ECU 12, a power switch, a fuse, a power supply 11 and the like. The controller and the dashboard 13 serve as the core of the electrical control system for performing various control operations and displays. In the illustrated embodiment, the controller and the controller of the dashboard 13 are PLC, and the controller and the dashboard are integrated. The controls and dashboard 13 may include indicator lights, display screens, and various function buttons (e.g., high speed button 13.1 and low speed button 13.2, etc.). The indicator lights and display screen may be used to display various status information (e.g., vehicle speed, gear, air pressure, oil pressure, park status, etc.) of the wheel excavator, as shown in fig. 3. In order to facilitate the understanding of the operation by the driver, the gear indication icons in the controller and the instrument panel 13 are cartoon animals, specifically, the high-speed gear is represented by a rabbit, and the low-speed gear is represented by a tortoise, as shown in fig. 3. The oil pressure display icon is used for displaying the air pressure of the gear shifting cylinder 3.2 of the wheel type excavator and can be displayed in a scale mode and the like. . The high-speed button 13.1 and the low-speed button 13.2 are used to switch the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear. Preferably, the high speed button 13.1 and the low speed button 13.2 are integrated into the same switch button. Namely, the switching between the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear can be realized through one switching button, and the design is convenient. The rocker switch 14 is used to generate a parking signal. That is, when the parking pedal is depressed and the wheel excavator is stopped, the rocker switch 14 generates a high-level parking signal, and at this time, a parking state indicator lamp (also referred to as a parking indicator lamp) "P" (shown in fig. 3) in the controller and the dashboard 13 is turned on, and when the vehicle is running, the rocker switch 14 generates a low-level parking signal, and at this time, the parking indicator lamp "P" in the controller and the dashboard 13 is turned off (not turned on). The engine ECU 12 is communicatively connected to the controller and the dashboard 13 via a CAN bus to transmit wheel excavator information (e.g., vehicle speed, etc.) to the controller and the dashboard 13. That is, the controller and the dashboard 13 can determine whether the wheel excavator is in the parked state based on the vehicle speed signal of the engine ECU 12.

The pneumatic pipeline control system mainly comprises a compressor 8, a dryer 7, a gas storage tank 9, a plurality of groups of conjoined electromagnetic valve assemblies 6, a pressure sensor, a quick release valve 10, a central rotary joint 5, a pneumatic pipeline, a pipe joint and the like. The compressor 8, the dryer 7 and the air storage tank 9 form an air source of the transfer case assembly 3 (comprising a parking drum brake 3.1, a gear shifting cylinder 3.2 and the like). The multiple sets of conjoined solenoid valve assemblies 6 may include a high-speed solenoid valve 6.1, a low-speed solenoid valve 6.2, and a parking solenoid valve 6.3, which are connected to respective input interfaces (i.e., a high-speed interface, a low-speed interface, and a parking interface) of the central swivel joint 5 through respective pipes, respectively. The corresponding output interface of the central swivel joint 5 is connected to the parking drum brake 3.1 and the shift cylinder 3.2 through corresponding pipelines respectively. A quick release valve 10 is mounted on the line between the parking drum brake 3.1 and the output connection of the central swivel joint 5. And a pressure sensor is also arranged on a pipeline between the gear shifting cylinder 3.2 and the central rotary joint 5 and used for measuring the air pressure of the gear shifting cylinder 3.2. The detection signal of the pressure sensor is transmitted to the controller and the instrument panel 13 and displayed on an air pressure display icon of the instrument panel, see fig. 3. When the air pressure is less than 0.5Mpa, the thrust of the gear shifting cylinder is insufficient, and the gear shifting fork of the transfer case cannot be pushed.

The machine running system mainly comprises a front axle and tire assembly 1, a rear axle and tire assembly 2, a transfer case assembly 3, a running motor 4 and the like. As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the parking brake, high and low gear engagement of the wheel excavator of the invention are controlled by a pneumatic system, and the transfer case transmits the walking torque and the vehicle speed is controlled by the walking motor 4 hydraulically. Therefore, the development cost of the whole machine is lower than that of a wheel excavator with a full hydraulic walking system.

The high-low gear shift protection system of the wheel excavator consists of relevant parts in the systems. Specifically, the high-low gear shift protection system of the wheel excavator can comprise a controller and instrument panel 3, a rocker switch 14, a pressure sensor, a parking drum brake 3.1, a gear shift cylinder 3.2, a plurality of sets of conjoined electromagnetic valve assemblies 6, an engine ECU 12 and the like. The controller can determine whether high-low speed gear shifting can be carried out according to the parking signal and the air pressure, specifically, when the parking signal is at a high level (namely, the wheel excavator is in a parking state) and the air pressure is greater than 0.5Mpa, the high-low speed gear shifting is allowed, otherwise, the gear shifting operation is invalid, and the original gear output is kept. When the driver shifts gears, if the conditions are not met, corresponding prompt information can be sent to the instrument panel 3 to remind the driver. Through the high-low gear shifting protection system of the wheel excavator, the transfer case can be prevented from generating quality accidents such as gear breaking and even gear breaking due to gear shifting.

Based on the wheel type excavator high-low gear shift protection system, the corresponding wheel type excavator high-low gear shift protection method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a parking signal generated by a rocker switch 14 of the wheel type excavator and air pressure of a gear shifting air cylinder 3.2 (through a pressure sensor), determining whether high-speed and low-speed gear shifting can be carried out or not according to the parking signal and the air pressure, specifically, when the parking signal is at a high level and the air pressure is greater than 0.5Mpa, allowing the high-speed and low-speed gear shifting to be carried out, otherwise, the gear shifting operation is invalid, and keeping the original gear output.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.