阅读说明：本技术 一种宠物咀嚼食品及其制备方法 (Pet chewing food and preparation method thereof ) 是由 曹立 张�荣 孙文伟 于 2021-01-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种宠物咀嚼食品,包括主料和辅料,该宠物咀嚼食品的主料配方按质量百分比计为：玉米淀粉20-30％、米粉10-15％、鲜鸡胸肉20-30％；该宠物咀嚼食品的辅料配方按质量百分比计为：山梨糖醇粉末3-6％、精甘油5-10％、麦芽糖浆2-5％、明胶5-10％、果糖2-5％、食盐0.5％、山梨酸钾0.02％、丙酸钠0.02％、混合矿物质0.4％、混合维生素0.2％、酵母提取物2-3.5％、猪肉溶性香精0.3273％、烟熏调味料香精0.2619％、肉味油溶性香精0.3273％、醋精香剂0.2619％、焦糖色素0.0668％、日落黄色淀0.0168％、柠檬黄色素0.0067％。本发明利用挤出机、注塑机,制作硬度可以调节,营养可以调节的宠物咀嚼食品代替使传统牛皮咬胶,丰富了口味和香味,也能根据需求添加营养成分。(The invention discloses a pet chewable food, which comprises a main material and an auxiliary material, wherein the main material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of corn starch, 10-15% of rice flour and 20-30% of fresh chicken breast meat; the auxiliary material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-6% of sorbitol powder, 5-10% of refined glycerol, 2-5% of maltose syrup, 5-10% of gelatin, 2-5% of fructose, 0.5% of salt, 0.02% of potassium sorbate, 0.02% of sodium propionate, 0.4% of mixed minerals, 0.2% of mixed vitamins, 2-3.5% of yeast extract, 0.3273% of pork-soluble essence, 0.2619% of smoke flavoring essence, 0.3273% of meat-flavor oil-soluble essence, 0.2619% of vinegar essence, 0.0668% of caramel pigment, 0.0168% of yellow lake and 0.0067% of lemon yellow pigment. The invention utilizes the extruder and the injection molding machine to prepare the pet chewing food with adjustable hardness and adjustable nutrition to replace the traditional cowhide chewing gum, enriches the taste and the fragrance, and can also add nutrient components according to the requirements.)

1. The pet chewable food comprises main materials and auxiliary materials, and is characterized in that: the formula of the main materials of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of corn starch, 10-15% of rice flour and 20-30% of fresh chicken breast meat;

the auxiliary material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-6% of sorbitol powder, 5-10% of refined glycerol, 2-5% of maltose syrup, 5-10% of gelatin, 2-5% of fructose, 0.5% of salt, 0.02% of potassium sorbate, 0.02% of sodium propionate, 0.4% of mixed minerals, 0.2% of mixed vitamins, 2-3.5% of yeast extract, 0.3273% of pork-soluble essence, 0.2619% of smoke flavoring essence, 0.3273% of meat-flavor oil-soluble essence, 0.2619% of vinegar essence, 0.0668% of caramel pigment, 0.0168% of yellow lake and 0.0067% of lemon yellow pigment.

2. The pet chew of claim 1, wherein: the gelatin is edible pigskin gelatin sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

3. The pet chew of claim 1, wherein: the yeast extract is a product obtained by completely autolyzing yeast by using a self-hydrolytic enzyme system after plasmolysis, and removing cell walls and insoluble molecules.

4. A method of preparing a pet chew according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, preparing materials, precisely weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the main material and the auxiliary material of the pet chewable food, and placing the main material and the auxiliary material separately;

s2, premixing materials, and stirring the main material and the auxiliary material through a stirrer respectively to mix all the materials in the main material and the auxiliary material;

s3, mixing the main material and the auxiliary material, adding the premixed auxiliary material into the main material for mixing, and simultaneously opening a bulking machine for preheating;

s4, performing puffing processing, namely pouring the mixed materials into a feeding machine respectively for automatic feeding, starting the puffing machine at a low speed after the temperature reaches a set temperature, stopping the machine when the soft raw materials reach the machine head, assembling a double-color mold, starting the puffing machine at a preset speed again after the mold is assembled, and extruding to obtain a product with particles on the surface;

s5, cutting and drying, hanging the egg white strips on a drying vehicle when the egg white strips are cooled for about 15min and the egg white skins are not adhered to each other, and drying the drying vehicle in a drying room at 50-55 ℃ until the moisture content is 19-21% and the time is about 3-5 hours;

s6, injection molding, detecting and packaging, wherein the injection molded product is processed by iron treatment below 1.0, and a deoxidizer is added into the product package.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the chewing of the pet food product is achieved by: in step S4, the parameters of the puffing machine are set as follows according to the characteristics of the raw material after the puffing machine is started up: the temperatures of the first zone, the second zone and the third zone to the tenth zone are respectively set to be 90 ℃, 95 ℃, 100 ℃, 105 ℃, 110 ℃, 110 ℃, 100 ℃, 90 ℃, 85 ℃ and 80 ℃, and the speed of the main machine is adjusted to be 25.0-50Hz and the feeding speed is adjusted to be 25-50 Hz.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the chewing of the pet food product is achieved by: the temperature of the bulking machine is adjusted to be below 100 ℃ before the bulking machine is started, and the temperature is adjusted to be the preset temperature after all the temperatures reach the preset temperature for 20-30min, so that raw materials are prevented from being carbonized, and the machine is prevented from being locked.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the chewing of the pet food product is achieved by: in step S5, the product is cut without over-drying the water content to prevent the product from being broken, and the cut product is dried, specifically dried for 2-3 hours at 60 ℃ or naturally aired.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein the chewing of the pet food product is achieved by: the specific injection molding step in step S6 is:

1) installing an injection mold, starting a power supply, starting a motor switch, closing a door plate, adjusting a manual program, and closing the mold;

2) changing the mold, fixing the mold on the upper part of the mold by using a suspender, and then loosening the mold clamp; opening the mold after closing the door to separate the mold from the injection molding machine and lift the mold out;

3) assembling a mould, and hoisting the mould between clamping plates of the injection molding machine by using mould hoisting equipment; so that the mold positioning ring close to the injection molding opening is matched with the injection molding machine positioning opening;

4) adjusting the weight and extrusion of the raw materials, wherein the injection pressure and speed represent the injection pressure and speed of each injection molding section;

5) storing and cooling, wherein the cooling time represents the cooling and shaping time after the product is subjected to thermoplastic molding, the longer the time is, the better the cooling effect of the product is, and the shortest cooling time is adjusted according to the effect and the productivity;

6) temperature setting: setting the first to the fifth sections at 68-75 ℃;

7) manufacturing, in a manual mode, pressing a base table feeding button to enable a nozzle to be tightly attached to a mold; and switching to a semi-automatic mode, closing the upper sliding door, enabling the injection molding machine to work, opening the sliding door to wait for the completion of the whole injection molding process, separating the mold, demolding the product, and taking out the product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pet supplementary food, in particular to a pet chewable food; the invention also relates to a preparation method of the pet chewable food.

Background

The plant chew is a pet toy or pet food; the dog chews are shaped like bones, rubber balls, circles, wooden sticks, shoes, particles and the like, and are a high-protein meat food nutritional product for pet dogs. Because dogs have the hobby of biting bones, the designed shape is also suitable for the playing characteristics of dogs and dogs, and the dog chews are specially designed for dogs and dogs to clean oral cavities. The main components of the dog chews are made of beef cattle hide, pork skin, wood dust, other dog food and the like through special processing.

The existing pet chews are mainly made of animal skins into thin slices and are chewy, but the existing pet chews lack taste and flavor, are poor in digestion and absorption and cannot be added with nutritional ingredients.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pet chewable food, which is prepared by utilizing an extruder and an injection molding machine, has adjustable hardness and adjustable nutrition and replaces the traditional cowhide chewing gum so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the pet chewable food comprises main materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the main material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of corn starch, 10-15% of rice flour and 20-30% of fresh chicken breast meat;

the auxiliary material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-6% of sorbitol powder, 5-10% of refined glycerol, 2-5% of maltose syrup, 5-10% of gelatin, 2-5% of fructose, 0.5% of salt, 0.02% of potassium sorbate, 0.02% of sodium propionate, 0.4% of mixed minerals, 0.2% of mixed vitamins, 2-3.5% of yeast extract, 0.3273% of pork-soluble essence, 0.2619% of smoke flavoring essence, 0.3273% of meat-flavor oil-soluble essence, 0.2619% of vinegar essence, 0.0668% of caramel pigment, 0.0168% of yellow lake and 0.0067% of lemon yellow pigment.

As a preferred technical scheme, the gelatin is edible pigskin gelatin which is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

Preferably, the yeast extract is a product obtained by completely autolyzing yeast with a self-hydrolase system after plasmolysis, and removing cell walls and insoluble molecules.

A preparation method of a pet chewable food comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing materials, precisely weighing the raw materials according to the formula of the main material and the auxiliary material of the pet chewable food, and placing the main material and the auxiliary material separately;

s2, premixing materials, and stirring the main material and the auxiliary material through a stirrer respectively to mix all the materials in the main material and the auxiliary material;

s3, mixing the main material and the auxiliary material, adding the premixed auxiliary material into the main material for mixing, and simultaneously opening a bulking machine for preheating;

s4, performing puffing processing, namely pouring the mixed materials into a feeding machine respectively for automatic feeding, starting the puffing machine at a low speed after the temperature reaches a set temperature, stopping the machine when the soft raw materials reach the machine head, assembling a double-color mold, starting the puffing machine at a preset speed again after the mold is assembled, and extruding to obtain a product with particles on the surface;

s5, cutting and drying, hanging the egg white strips on a drying vehicle when the egg white strips are cooled for about 15min and the egg white skins are not adhered to each other, and drying the drying vehicle in a drying room at 50-55 ℃ until the moisture content is 19-21% and the time is about 3-5 hours;

s6, injection molding, detecting and packaging, wherein the injection molded product is processed by iron treatment below 1.0, and a deoxidizer is added into the product package.

As a preferred technical solution, in step S4, after the bulking machine is started, the parameters of the bulking machine are set as follows according to the characteristics of the raw material: the temperatures of the first zone, the second zone and the third zone to the tenth zone are respectively set to be 90 ℃, 95 ℃, 100 ℃, 105 ℃, 110 ℃, 110 ℃, 100 ℃, 90 ℃, 85 ℃ and 80 ℃, and the speed of the main machine is adjusted to be 25.0-50Hz and the feeding speed is adjusted to be 25-50 Hz.

As a preferable technical scheme, before the bulking machine is started, the temperature is adjusted to be below 100 ℃, and when all the temperatures reach the preset temperature, the temperatures are adjusted to be the preset temperature for 20-30min, so that raw materials are prevented from being carbonized, and the machine is prevented from being locked.

As a preferable technical scheme, in step S5, the moisture of the product cannot be dried too much during shearing to prevent the product from being broken, and the product is dried after shearing, specifically, dried at 60 ℃ for 2-3 hours or naturally aired.

As a preferred technical solution, the injection molding step in step S6 is:

1) installing an injection mold, starting a power supply, starting a motor switch, closing a door plate, adjusting a manual program, and closing the mold;

2) changing the mold, fixing the mold on the upper part of the mold by using a suspender, and then loosening the mold clamp; opening the mold after closing the door to separate the mold from the injection molding machine and lift the mold out;

3) assembling a mould, and hoisting the mould between clamping plates of the injection molding machine by using mould hoisting equipment; so that the mold positioning ring close to the injection molding opening is matched with the injection molding machine positioning opening;

4) adjusting the weight and extrusion of the raw materials, wherein the injection pressure and speed represent the injection pressure and speed of each injection molding section;

5) storing and cooling, wherein the cooling time represents the cooling and shaping time after the product is subjected to thermoplastic molding, the longer the time is, the better the cooling effect of the product is, and the shortest cooling time is adjusted according to the effect and the productivity;

6) temperature setting: setting the first to the fifth sections at 68-75 ℃;

7) manufacturing, in a manual mode, pressing a base table feeding button to enable a nozzle to be tightly attached to a mold; and switching to a semi-automatic mode, closing the upper sliding door, enabling the injection molding machine to work, opening the sliding door to wait for the completion of the whole injection molding process, separating the mold, demolding the product, and taking out the product.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technology, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention utilizes the extruder and the injection molding machine to prepare the pet chewing food with adjustable hardness and adjustable nutrition to replace the traditional cowhide chewing gum, enriches the taste and the fragrance, and can also add nutrient components according to the requirements.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a pet chew of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a pet chewable food which comprises a main material and an auxiliary material, wherein the main material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of corn starch, 10-15% of rice flour and 20-30% of fresh chicken breast meat;

the auxiliary material formula of the pet chewable food comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-6% of sorbitol powder, 5-10% of refined glycerol, 2-5% of maltose syrup, 5-10% of gelatin, 2-5% of fructose, 0.5% of salt, 0.02% of potassium sorbate, 0.02% of sodium propionate, 0.4% of mixed minerals, 0.2% of mixed vitamins, 2-3.5% of yeast extract, 0.3273% of pork-soluble essence, 0.2619% of smoke flavoring essence, 0.3273% of meat-flavor oil-soluble essence, 0.2619% of vinegar essence, 0.0668% of caramel pigment, 0.0168% of yellow lake and 0.0067% of lemon yellow pigment.

Wherein the gelatin is edible pigskin gelatin sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

Wherein the yeast extract is a product obtained by completely autolyzing yeast by using a self-hydrolytic enzyme system after plasmolysis, and removing cell walls and insoluble molecules.

Wherein the 100-mesh passing rate of the corn starch is 99 percent; the rice flour is prepared by crushing rice to 80 meshes, the passing rate is 95%, no impurities are generated, and bran powder, mineral substances, barnyard grass grains, rice grains, wormhole grains, sprouting grains, scab grains and mildew grains are added, and the total amount is less than 0.5%; the 60-mesh passing rate of the pigskin gelatin is 90 percent, so that the pigskin gelatin is prevented from caking; glycerol: plant source, concentration > 99.5%; sorbitol (liquid) specification 70/70 i.e. 70% dry matter, sorbitol content > 70% dry matter; the content of potassium sorbate is more than 99.5 percent; the content of the crystalline fructose is more than 99 percent, the 60-mesh passing rate is 80 percent, and the agglomeration is prevented; essence for pets: the protein is more than 50 percent, and the caking is prevented; milk powder: the import of low-fat milk powder is required.

A preparation method of a pet chewable food comprises the following specific process flows:

step 1, soaking gelatin in water at a ratio of gelatin to water of 1: 2, the soaking time is about 2 to 4 hours (the gelatin is crushed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve). The residual water is used for dissolving trace amount of raw materials (such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, calcium ascorbate, herba Rosmarini officinalis extract, vitamin E, essence, and pigment);

and 2, unfreezing the frozen chicken breast at a temperature of between 5 ℃ below zero and 8 ℃ until the temperature of the chicken breast is about 0 ℃ but not more than 5 ℃, and then immediately mincing the chicken breast into paste for the next step of granulating and bracing.

Step 3, accurately weighing each raw material of the granulated material, putting the raw material into a mixer, and uniformly stirring the raw material for later use;

step 4, starting up and feeding, wherein the feeding speed is consistent with that of the machine, and the material is made into long strips (the diameter is 5 mm);

step 5, extruding gluten strips, and hanging the gluten strips on a drying vehicle when the gluten strips are cooled for about 15min and the gluten skins are not adhered to each other;

step 6, setting the drying car in a drying room at 50-55 ℃ to dry until the moisture content is 19-21% and the time is about 3-5 hours;

and 7, cooling, cutting into 3-5mm particles in a cutting machine, and performing injection molding.

Wherein, the operation steps of the double-screw extruder in the step 5 are as follows:

1) turning on a host power supply;

2) opening a main engine oil pump and a water pump;

3) the set temperatures from zone one to zone ten are respectively: 90 deg.C, 105 deg.C, 115 deg.C, 125 deg.C, 100 deg.C, 95 deg.C, 85 deg.C, 80 deg.C;

4) when the temperature reaches a preset value, a switch of the host is turned on, and the speed is adjusted to 3.5 Hz; a feeding switch is used for adjusting the speed to 3.0 Hz;

5) when the machine material is extruded into soft small balls, stopping the machine and immediately installing a die;

6) opening the conveyor, adjusting the speed until the machine discharges materials uniformly, and adjusting the width of the die to the required size and weight;

7) regulating the speed of the host machine to 25.0-50 Hz; the feeding speed is 25-50 Hz.

The injection molding comprises the following specific steps:

1) installing an injection mold, starting a power supply, starting a motor switch, closing a door plate, adjusting a manual program, and closing the mold;

6) changing the mold, fixing the mold on the upper part of the mold by using a suspender, and then loosening the mold clamp; opening the mold after closing the door to separate the mold from the injection molding machine and lift the mold out;

4) assembling a mould, and hoisting the mould between clamping plates of the injection molding machine by using mould hoisting equipment; so that the mold positioning ring close to the injection molding opening is matched with the injection molding machine positioning opening; clicking a mold closing program button to clamp the mold on the injection molding machine, tightening a mold clamp, and pressing a mold adjusting use button in a manual mode; adjusting the mold to be close, namely increasing the mold closing pressure, and decreasing the mold closing pressure when the mold is adjusted to be back (the mold pressure indicates 75-100MPa in a mold pressure gauge); the pressure of the mold can be observed when a mold closing button is pressed in a manual mode; adjusting the weight and extrusion of the raw materials, wherein the injection pressure and speed represent the injection pressure and speed of each injection molding section; the end position represents the amount of the residual material after injection of each section, and the end position of the injection of the last section is 0; the pressure maintaining represents the time for keeping stable pressure after the injection is finished, the function influences the shaping of the product, and the long pressure maintaining time and the smaller the deformation are;

5) the storage options are as follows: the cooling time represents the cooling and shaping time after the product is subjected to thermoplastic molding, the longer the cooling time is, the better the cooling effect of the product is, and the shortest cooling time is adjusted according to the effect and the productivity; the end position corresponding to the stored material is that the stored material 2 is the total amount of the raw materials used by a die of the product, and the product is loose, the stored material value is increased, the product is compact, and the stored material value is reduced when the material is gathered (or surplus material is injected) by burrs according to the effect made by each die of the product; the numerical value of the end position corresponding to the ejection and retreat is 6-10 higher than the numerical value corresponding to the material storage 2;

6) temperature setting: one to five stages were set at 68-75 ℃. The temperature can be adjusted according to the actual product curing effect, the temperature of the injection-molded particle blocks needs to be increased, and the temperature is decreased when bubbles exist or white bubble lines exist on the surface;

7) manufacturing, in a manual mode, pressing a base table feeding button to enable a nozzle to be tightly attached to a mold; switching to a semi-automatic mode, closing the sliding door, enabling the injection molding machine to work, opening the sliding door to wait for the completion of the whole injection molding process, separating the mold, demolding the product, and taking out the product; closing the upper sliding door for repeated manufacture, simultaneously separating the product of the upper die from the material of the material flowing groove, cutting off the joint part of the model and the material flowing groove by using a sharp blade during separation, and removing the flash at the edge of the product; the material in the material flowing groove can be repeatedly used after being crushed in the particle crusher;

8) and (3) drying: drying at 50-55 deg.C in a drying room until the water content reaches 13-15% and the time is about 4-5 hr

9) And (6) detecting and packaging.

Wherein, the physical and chemical indexes of the product are as follows: crude protein is more than or equal to 21 percent, crude fat is more than or equal to 2 percent, crude fiber is less than or equal to 1 percent, and water activity is less than 0.75; pathogenic bacteria and salmonella cannot be detected; melamine and cyanuric acid cannot be detected; the mould is less than 10 cfu/g; coli negative; enterobacteriaceae negative < 30MPN/25 g; the total number of bacteria is less than 3000 cfu/g; activity < 0.75; water content is 12-15%; manganese content > 3.5 mg/kg; vitamin E > 100 iu/kg.

The packaging requirements of the product are as follows: the product needs to be lower than 1.0 of iron, and the deoxidizer is not exposed at the transparent observation position below the product; the product packaging bag needs to be sealed and airtight.

In conclusion, the pet chewable food with adjustable hardness and adjustable nutrition is prepared by utilizing the extruder and the injection molding machine, so that the traditional cow leather chewing gum is replaced, the taste and the fragrance are enriched, and the nutritional ingredients can be added according to the requirements.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.