阅读说明：本技术 单程辐射段乙烯裂解炉用导热炉管及其制备方法和应用 (Heat conduction furnace tube for ethylene cracking furnace in one-way radiation section and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 刘俊杰 杨士芳 王国清 张利军 周丛 张兆斌 杜志国 李晓锋 杨沙沙 郭莹 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及乙烯裂解炉的导热炉管领域,公开了一种单程辐射段乙烯裂解炉用炉管及其制备方法和其在裂解炉中的应用。该导热炉管包括炉管主体,所述炉管主体的内侧壁设置沿炉管主体的长度方向依次重复设置多组导热构件；所述导热构件包括多条沿炉管主体内壁横截面环绕一周形成的第一导热件和沿炉管主体的轴向呈螺旋设置的第二导热件。该导热炉管具有良好的传热效果,显著提高传热炉管的传热强化综合因子达15-27％,同时能够有效降低传热炉管的结焦量和渗碳现象。(The invention relates to the field of heat conduction furnace tubes of ethylene cracking furnaces, and discloses a furnace tube for a one-way radiation section ethylene cracking furnace, a preparation method of the furnace tube and application of the furnace tube in the cracking furnace. The heat conduction furnace tube comprises a furnace tube main body, wherein a plurality of groups of heat conduction components are sequentially and repeatedly arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace tube main body along the length direction of the furnace tube main body; the heat conducting component comprises a plurality of first heat conducting pieces formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body and second heat conducting pieces arranged spirally along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body. The heat-conducting furnace tube has good heat transfer effect, remarkably improves the heat transfer strengthening comprehensive factor of the heat-transferring furnace tube by 15-27%, and can effectively reduce the coking amount and the carburization phenomenon of the heat-transferring furnace tube.)

1. A heat conduction furnace tube for a one-way radiation section ethylene cracking furnace is characterized by comprising a furnace tube main body, wherein a heat conduction component is arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace tube main body along the length direction of the furnace tube main body; the heat conducting component comprises a plurality of first heat conducting pieces which are formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner side wall of the furnace tube main body and protruding towards the interior of the furnace tube main body, and second heat conducting pieces which are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body.

2. The heat conducting furnace tube of claim 1, wherein the extension length H of the heat conducting member along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body satisfies: h is more than or equal to L/4 and less than or equal to L/3; wherein L is the length of the furnace tube main body.

3. The heat conduction furnace tube of claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the inner ring of the first heat conduction member is D, D satisfies D/D is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.9, and D is the inner diameter of the furnace tube main body; preferably, 0.4. ltoreq. D/D. ltoreq.0.7.

4. The heat conducting furnace tube of claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotation angle of the spiral in the second heat conducting member is 90 ° -1080 °; the ratio of the axial length of the second heat-conducting piece to the inner diameter of the furnace tube is 1-10; the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction piece to the area of the furnace tube is 0.05-0.95: 1.

5. The thermally conductive furnace tube of claims 1-4, wherein the set of thermally conductive members comprises a plurality of the first thermally conductive members and one of the second thermally conductive members.

6. The thermally conductive furnace tube of claims 1-5, wherein an axial distance between adjacent first thermally conductive members is between 0.01D and 2.5D.

7. The thermally conductive furnace tube of claims 1-6, wherein the ratio of the axial length of the set of thermally conductive members to the inner diameter of the furnace tube is between 8 and 12.

8. The heat conducting furnace tube of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat conducting furnace tube is a smooth inner wall or an inner wall coated with a thermal barrier coating; (ii) a

Preferably, the part of the heat conducting furnace tube, on which the heat conducting component is not arranged, is a light pipe or is coated with a thermal barrier coating or is internally provided with a second heat conducting piece or any combination of the above manners.

9. The thermally conductive furnace tube of claim 8, wherein the thermal barrier coating comprises a thermally conductive layer comprising 30-40 wt.% Cr, 2.5-6 wt.% Ni, 3-9 wt.% Fe, 8-13 wt.% Mn, 0-0.5 wt.% C, 35-40 wt.% O, 1.5-20 wt.% of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Zr, Nb, and Mo, based on the total amount of the thermally conductive layer;

preferably, the thickness of the heat conducting layer is 0.1-5 μm.

10. The heat conductive furnace tube of claim 8, wherein the interior side of the heat conductive furnace tube further comprises a reinforcement coating over the thermally conductive layer, the reinforcement coating comprising SiO in weight percent based on the total amount of reinforcement coating₂45-80% by weight, K₂10-25% by weight of O, Al₂O₃0-10 wt%, MgO 0-10 wt%, ZnO 0-20 wt%, Co₃O₄0-5 wt%, Na₂0-10 wt% of O;

preferably, the thickness of the reinforcement coating is 5-10 μm.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising heating the heat-conducting furnace tube under an atmosphere of low oxygen partial pressure to form a heat-conducting layer on the surface of the heat-conducting furnace tube.

12. According to claimThe production method of claim 11, wherein the conditions of the low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere include: the gas providing the low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere comprises CO₂、CO、H₂And water vapor, the oxygen partial pressure is less than or equal to 10^-16Pa; the conditions of the heat treatment include: the temperature of the heating treatment is 400-1100 ℃, and preferably 800-1000 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is 5 to 200 hours, preferably 10 to 100 hours.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising spraying a reinforcement coating on the surface of the thermally conductive layer;

preferably, the preparation method of the reinforced coating comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials with water to form slurry, spraying the slurry on the surface of the heat-conducting layer, and sintering at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to form a reinforced coating;

the reinforced coating comprises SiO in percentage by weight based on the total amount of the reinforced coating₂45-80% by weight, K₂10-25% by weight of O, Al₂O₃0-10 wt%, MgO 0-10 wt%, ZnO 0-20 wt%, Co₃O₄0-5 wt%, Na₂0 to 10 weight percent of O.

14. Use of the thermally conductive furnace tube of any one of claims 1-13 in a single pass radiant section ethylene cracking furnace.

15. The use of claim 14, wherein the portion of the furnace tube not provided with the heat conducting member is a light pipe or is coated with a thermal barrier coating or is provided with a built-in second heat conducting member or any combination of the above manners.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of heat-conducting furnace tubes of ethylene cracking furnaces, in particular to a high-performance heat-conducting furnace tube for a single-pass radiation section ethylene cracking furnace, a preparation method of the high-performance heat-conducting furnace tube and application of the high-performance heat-conducting furnace tube in the field of petrochemical industry.

Background

The cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons to ethylene is a highly endothermic process at high temperatures, and therefore requires not only heating of the reaction mass to relatively high temperatures to initiate the cracking reaction, but also continuous supply of sufficient heat during the reaction to achieve the desired conversion.

At present, the industrial production of ethylene mainly adopts a tubular reactor high-temperature steam thermal cracking method. An important direction in the development of cracking furnaces for the purpose of increasing ethylene yield is how to achieve high temperatures, short residence times, and low hydrocarbon partial pressures within the cracking furnace tubes. With the improvement of the engineering level and the development of ultra-large cracking furnaces, in order to improve the capacity of the cracking furnace without increasing the length of a hearth, a single-tube type cracking furnace is generally adopted. In the cracking furnace, the temperature can be rapidly raised at the front section of the furnace tube, the coking sensitivity at the rear section of the furnace tube is reduced, and in addition, the overall pressure drop of the furnace tube is relatively small because the furnace tube is not provided with a bent section. Ultra-large cracking furnaces with single pass furnace tubes have great advantages in future technology development. For a single-pass cracking furnace tube, the residence time of the cracking raw material in the furnace tube can reach below 0.1 s. Therefore, how to improve the heat transfer performance of the furnace tube in a short time and ensure the heat required by the cracking reaction is very important in industrial production.

In the prior art, the furnace tubes of cracking furnaces commonly used in the petrochemical industry generally have the following structure:

(1) one or more ribs on the inner surface of the tube wall of one or more regions or all regions are arranged in the cracking furnace tube from the inlet end to the outlet end of the furnace tube along the axial direction of the furnace tube, and the ribs extend spirally on the inner surface of the tube wall along the axial direction of the furnace tube. For example, the reinforced heat transfer tube disclosed in CN2144807Y includes a tube body, in which single-blade rotating fins are fixed, and although the fins can achieve the purpose of stirring the fluid to reduce the thickness of the boundary layer as much as possible, as the service time of the furnace tube increases, the coking on the inner surface of the furnace tube will make the fins have weaker functions, and the function of reducing the boundary layer will also be reduced correspondingly.

(2) The fins, which are discretely disposed on the inner surface of the furnace tube, also reduce the boundary layer thickness, but also play a smaller and smaller role as the amount of coking on the inner surface of the furnace tube increases.

(3) The cracking furnace tube is additionally provided with a twisted piece reinforced heat transfer tube, such as the heat transfer tube disclosed in CN104560111A, the twisted piece extends spirally along the axial direction of the heat transfer tube, although the twisted piece reinforced heat transfer tube has good effects of reinforcing heat transfer and inhibiting coking, in the long-time operation process, because the tube is often over-temperature in the operation process, and because the cracking furnace tube inevitably generates phenomena such as carburization in the use process, the twisted piece reinforced heat transfer tube cracks, and the twisted piece reinforced heat transfer tube fails.

Therefore, aiming at the ethylene cracking furnace of the one-way radiation section, the problem to be solved in the field is how to further slow down coking and carburization in the heat transfer pipe while ensuring the heat transfer effect of the heat transfer pipe, and the temperature of the cracking material is increased in a short time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the inner wall of a heat transfer furnace tube in the prior art is easy to coke and carburize and has poor heat transfer effect, and provides the heat transfer furnace tube for the one-way radiation section ethylene cracking furnace, and the preparation method and the application thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a heat conduction furnace tube for a once-through radiation section ethylene cracking furnace, wherein the heat conduction furnace tube comprises a furnace tube main body, and a heat conduction member is disposed on an inner side wall of the furnace tube main body along a length direction of the furnace tube main body; the heat conducting component comprises a plurality of first heat conducting pieces which are formed by surrounding the cross section of the inner side wall of the furnace tube main body for one circle and protruding towards the interior of the furnace tube main body, and second heat conducting pieces which are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the heat conducting furnace tube of the first aspect, including heating the heat conducting furnace tube in an atmosphere with a low oxygen partial pressure to form a heat conducting layer on the surface of the heat conducting furnace tube.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a use of the heat conducting furnace tube of the first aspect in a single pass radiant section ethylene cracking furnace.

The heat conduction components in the heat conduction furnace tube for the one-way radiation section ethylene cracking furnace are matched with each other, so that the heat transfer performance of the heat conduction furnace tube can be obviously improved, the heat conduction furnace tube can reach the high temperature required by the cracking reaction in a short time, the coking amount in the heat conduction furnace tube is greatly reduced, and the service life of the heat conduction furnace tube is prolonged; and the carburization phenomenon of the heat conduction furnace tube can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a heat conductive member according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single pass furnace tube for a pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a type 1-1 furnace tube for a cracking furnace according to the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1: a first heat-conducting member;

2: a second heat-conducting member;

3: a heat conducting furnace tube.

Detailed Description

The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

As shown in fig. 1, the heat conduction furnace tube 3 for the single-pass radiant section ethylene cracking furnace provided by the invention comprises a furnace tube main body, wherein a heat conduction member is arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace tube main body along the length direction of the furnace tube main body; the heat conducting component comprises a plurality of first heat conducting pieces 1 which are formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner side wall of the furnace tube main body and protruding towards the interior of the furnace tube main body, and second heat conducting pieces 22 which are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body.

The heat conduction furnace tube 3 for the single-pass radiation section ethylene cracking furnace provided by the invention can be in a straight tube structure as shown in figure 2, and can also be in a U-shaped tube structure as shown in figure 3.

According to the invention, the heat conduction member formed by the first heat conduction piece 1 and the second heat conduction piece 2 is arranged in the furnace tube main body, so that the tangential speed of fluid is improved, the boundary layer near the wall surface of the furnace tube is damaged, the heat transfer effect is improved, the coking phenomenon on the inner wall of the furnace tube is reduced, and the decoking period and the service life of the furnace tube are effectively prolonged.

The heat conducting furnace tube can be a nickel-chromium furnace tube, and the composition of the nickel-chromium furnace tube comprises Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, C and at least one element selected from Al, Zr, Nb and Mo.

In order to further improve the heat transfer performance of the heat-conducting furnace tube, preferably, the extension length H of the heat-conducting member along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body satisfies: h is not less than 1/4L and not more than 1/3L; wherein L is the length of the furnace tube main body.

The extension length H of the heat conduction member along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body in the invention refers to the extension length of the heat conduction member composed of the first heat conduction piece 1 and the second heat conduction piece 2 along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body.

The ethylene cracking reaction usually needs a very short time to reach the cracking high temperature, and the heat conducting components of the heat conducting furnace tube are arranged according to the structure, so that the heat conducting performance of the heat conducting furnace tube can be further improved.

In order to further improve the heat transfer effect and simultaneously reduce the coking amount of the furnace tube, the diameter of an inner ring of the first heat conducting piece 1 is D, D satisfies D/D is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.9, and D is the inner diameter of the main body of the furnace tube; preferably, 0.4. ltoreq. D/D. ltoreq.0.7.

Preferably, the angle of rotation of the spiral in the second heat-conducting member 2 is 90 ° -1080 °, preferably 120 ° -360 °. In addition, the extension length H1 of the second heat conduction member 2 along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body satisfies: 1D ≦ H1 ≦ 10D, preferably satisfying: 2D is less than or equal to H1 and less than or equal to 8D, and particularly preferably 2.5D, and the extension length H1 of the second heat conduction piece 2 along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body is the extension length of only one second heat conduction piece 2 in a spiral shape along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body.

Preferably, the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction member 2 to the area of the furnace tube is 0.05-0.95:1, preferably 0.6-0.8: 1.

In the invention, a group of heat conducting members consists of a plurality of first heat conducting pieces 1 and a plurality of second heat conducting pieces 2 which are parallel, and the ratio of the axial length of the group of heat conducting members to the inner diameter of the furnace tube is 8-12, preferably 9-11, and particularly preferably 10. The diameter D of the inner ring of the first heat conduction member 1 is the diameter of the inner ring formed by the highest point of the first heat conduction member 1 protruding out of the inner side of the furnace tube main body, and the axial distance between the adjacent first heat conduction members 1 is 0.01D-2.5D, preferably 0.3-0.7D, and particularly preferably 0.5D. The inner spiral of the second heat conduction member 2 can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the spiral directions of the second heat conduction member 2 can be the same or opposite.

The first heat conducting piece 1 and the second heat conducting piece 2 are arranged according to the structure, and particularly under the condition that the first heat conducting piece 1 and the second heat conducting piece 2 are matched with each other, the heat transfer effect of the heat conducting furnace tube can be greatly improved, the flow resistance of fluid in the heat conducting furnace tube is reduced, and the coking phenomenon of the inner wall of the heat conducting furnace tube is reduced.

In order to further improve the heat transfer performance of the heat-conducting furnace tube and reduce the coking phenomenon of the inner wall of the heat-conducting furnace tube, the inner side of the heat-conducting furnace tube can be provided with a thermal barrier coating, the thermal barrier coating comprises a heat-conducting layer, and the heat-conducting layer comprises 30-40 wt% of Cr, 2.5-6 wt% of Ni, 3-9 wt% of Fe, 8-13 wt% of Mn, 0-0.5 wt% of C, 35-40 wt% of O and 1.5-20 wt% of at least one element selected from Al, Zr, Nb and Mo based on the total amount of the heat-conducting layer.

In the invention, the heat conduction layer is arranged in the heat conduction furnace tube, and the heat conduction layer and the heat conduction component are matched with each other, so that the heat transfer performance and the wear resistance of the heat conduction furnace tube can be effectively improved, the coking phenomenon of the inner wall of the heat conduction furnace tube can be effectively inhibited, the anti-permeability performance of the heat conduction furnace tube is improved, the decoking period of the heat conduction furnace tube is prolonged, and the service life of the heat conduction furnace tube is prolonged.

Preferably, the thickness of the heat conducting layer is 0.1-5 μm. The heat conduction layer is within the thickness range, the coking amount of the heat conduction furnace tube can be effectively reduced, and the heat transfer performance of the heat conduction furnace tube cannot be influenced.

Preferably, the inner side of the heat conducting furnace tube further comprises a reinforcing coating layer positioned above the heat conducting layer, and the reinforcing coating layer comprises SiO in percentage by weight based on the total amount of the reinforcing coating layer₂45-80% by weight, K₂10-25% by weight of O, Al₂O₃0-10 wt%, MgO 0-10 wt%, ZnO 0-20 wt%, Co₃O₄0-5 wt%, Na₂0 to 10 weight percent of O.

According to the invention, the reinforcing coating, the heat conduction layer and the heat conduction member arranged on the inner wall of the heat conduction furnace tube are matched with each other, so that the coking phenomenon of the inner wall of the heat conduction furnace tube can be further inhibited, and the service life of the furnace tube is prolonged.

Preferably, the thickness of the reinforcement coating is 5-10 μm. In the invention, the reinforced coating is in the thickness range, so that the coking amount of the heat-conducting furnace tube can be effectively inhibited, the carburization phenomenon of the heat-conducting furnace tube is reduced, and the service life and the heat transfer efficiency of the heat-conducting furnace tube are improved. The reinforced coating and the heat conduction layer are mutually matched, so that the strong impact effect of air flow on the heating furnace tube in the decoking process can be effectively reduced, and the service life and the decoking period of the furnace tube can be further prolonged.

In the invention, the part of the heat conducting furnace tube not provided with the heat conducting component can be a light pipe, or a heat barrier coating is coated, or a second heat conducting piece is arranged in the heat conducting furnace tube, or any combination of the above modes. Preferably, the part of the heat conducting furnace tube, which is not provided with the heat conducting component, is coated with a thermal barrier coating or internally provided with a second heat conducting piece or a combination of the above modes. Particularly, the part of the heat conducting furnace tube, which is not provided with the heat conducting component, is a combination of two ways of coating a thermal barrier coating and internally arranging a second heat conducting piece. The heat conducting furnace tube is characterized in that the heat conducting furnace tube is provided with a heat conducting component, and the heat conducting component is arranged on the heat conducting furnace tube.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the heat conducting furnace tube of the first aspect, including heating the heat conducting furnace tube in an atmosphere with a low oxygen partial pressure to form a heat conducting layer on the surface of the heat conducting furnace tube.

In the process of preparing the heat-conducting furnace tube, at least one metal selected from Al, Zr, Nb and Mo is added into the nickel-chromium alloy containing Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn and C elements according to the conventional manufacturing process of the cracking furnace tube (such as a centrifugal casting method, the temperature is 900-1000 ℃, the rotating speed is 1000-1300r/min, and the forming time is 3-4h) to prepare the tube, and then the tube is heated under the environment of low oxygen partial pressure to form a heat-conducting layer on the surface of the tube. The heat conductive layer comprises 30-40 wt% of Cr, 2.5-6 wt% of Ni, 3-9 wt% of Fe, 8-13 wt% of Mn, 0-0.5 wt% of C, 35-40 wt% of O, and 1.5-20 wt% of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Zr, Nb and Mo, based on the total weight of the heat conductive layer. The method is more convenient to form the heat conduction layer on the surface of the heat conduction furnace tube, reduces the thermal interface between the heat conduction furnace tube and the heat conduction layer, and improves the heat conduction performance of the heat conduction furnace tube.

In order to further improve the heat conductivity of the heat conducting furnace tube, the conditions of the low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere comprise: the gas providing the low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere comprises CO₂、CO、H₂And water vapor, the oxygen partial pressure is less than or equal to 10^-16Pa; the conditions of the heat treatment include: the temperature of the heating treatment is 400-1100 ℃, and preferably 800-1000 ℃; the time of the heat treatment is 5 to 200 hours, preferably 10 to 100 hours.

Preferably, the gas providing the low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere comprises CO₂Gas mixture with CO, gas mixture of water vapor and CO, H₂And water vapor.

The heat conduction layer formed on the surface of the heat conduction furnace tube by the method has a stable structure and excellent heat transfer performance, and can reduce the coking amount of the inner wall of the heat conduction furnace tube.

In order to further improve the anti-coking performance of the heat conduction furnace tube and prolong the service life of the heat conduction furnace tube, the method also comprises the step of spraying a reinforcing coating on the surface of the heat conduction layer.

Preferably, the preparation method of the reinforced coating comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials with water to form slurry, spraying the slurry on the surface of the heat-conducting layer, and sintering at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to form a reinforced coating;

the reinforced coating comprises SiO in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the reinforced coating₂45-80% by weight, K₂10-25% by weight of O, Al₂O₃0-10 wt%, MgO 0-10 wt%, ZnO 0-20 wt%, Co₃O₄0-5 wt%, Na₂0 to 10 weight percent of O.

The reinforced coating is arranged on the surface of the heat conducting layer according to the method, so that the interface thermal resistance between the heat conducting layer and the reinforced coating is reduced, the heat transfer performance of the heat conducting furnace tube is improved, and the coking amount of the inner wall of the heat conducting furnace tube is effectively reduced.

In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of the thermally conductive furnace tube of the first aspect in a single pass radiant section ethylene cracking furnace.

Preferably, the part of the furnace tube not provided with the heat conducting component is a light pipe or is coated with a thermal barrier coating or is internally provided with the second heat conducting piece 2 or any combination of the above modes.

The heat conduction furnace tube is more suitable for a one-way cracking furnace tube, the retention time of the cracking raw material in the heat conduction furnace tube is less than 0.1s, the higher cracking temperature can be reached in a very short time, and the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor of the heat conduction furnace tube can be improved by 15-27%.

The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.

In the following examples and comparative examples,

the heat transfer enhancement integration factor is defined as follows:

wherein, Nu_sNu represents the Nussel number of the untreated smooth heat transfer furnace tube and the high-performance heat transfer furnace tube added with the inner member, f_sF represents the resistance coefficient of the untreated smooth heat transfer furnace tube and the high-performance heat transfer furnace tube added with the inner member, d represents the inner diameter of the furnace tube, Δ p represents the pressure drop of the furnace tube, L represents the length of the furnace tube, ρ represents the density of fluid in the tube, and u represents the flow velocity of the fluid in the tube. In the above, the untreated smooth heat transfer furnace tube means that the heat conducting member, the heat conducting layer and the reinforcing coating are not arranged in the heat transfer furnace tube.

The untreated smooth heat transfer furnace tube means that the heat transfer furnace tube is internally provided with no heat conducting component, no heat conducting layer and no reinforcing coating.

The variation of the heat transfer enhancement factor in the examples and the comparative examples was determined by measuring the heat transfer enhancement factor η 1 of the heat conductive furnace tubes, the heat transfer enhancement factor η 0 of the untreated smooth heat transfer furnace tubes, and the variation of the heat transfer enhancement factor ═ η 1- η 0)/η 0 × 100% in one operating cycle.

The variation of the coking amount is detected in one operation cycle, the coking thickness h1 of the inner wall of the heat-conducting furnace tube in the following examples and comparative examples, the coking thickness h0 of the heat-conducting furnace tube without the heat-conducting component, the heat-conducting layer and the reinforcing coating inside, and the variation of the coking amount is (h0-h1)/h0 x 100%. Wherein, the operation periods of different heat conduction furnace tubes are not necessarily the same.

Example 1

The present embodiment is used to provide a heat conducting furnace tube, as shown in fig. 2, which is a single-pass furnace tube in a radiant section furnace tube of a cracking furnace.

The inner diameter D of the furnace tube main body is 25mm, the length L of the furnace tube main body is 13m, as shown in fig. 2, 16 sets of heat conducting members are uniformly arranged at the top end of the heat conducting furnace tube along the axial direction of the furnace tube, and the extension length H of the 16 sets of heat conducting members along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body is 4 m.

The first heat conducting piece 1 is a circular ring formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body, and the diameter d of the inner ring of the first heat conducting piece 1 is 12.5 mm. A group of heat conduction members comprises 15 first heat conduction members 1, and the axial distance between every two adjacent first heat conduction members 1 is 0.5D.

The second heat conduction pieces 2 are arranged in parallel, the rotation angle of the second heat conduction pieces 2 along the spiral of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body is 180 degrees, and the two second heat conduction pieces 2 are spiral along the clockwise direction. The length H1 of the second heat conduction member 2 extending along the length direction of the furnace tube main body is 2.5D, and the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction member to the area of the furnace tube is 0.65: 1.

And only the second heat-conducting piece 2 is arranged at the position where the axial length of the furnace tube main body is 4-13 m.

The heat-conducting furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the operation period is 30 days, the coking amount is reduced by 30 percent, and the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 23 percent.

Example 2

The present embodiment is used to provide a heat conducting furnace tube, as shown in fig. 2, which is a single-pass furnace tube in a radiant section furnace tube of a cracking furnace.

The inner diameter D of the furnace tube main body is 25mm, the length L of the furnace tube main body is 13m, as shown in fig. 2, 16 sets of heat conducting members are uniformly arranged at the top end of the heat conducting furnace tube along the axial direction of the furnace tube, and the extension length H of the 16 sets of heat conducting members along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body is 4 m.

The first heat conduction piece is a circular ring formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body, and the diameter d of the inner ring of the first heat conduction piece 1 is 12.5 mm. A group of heat conduction members comprises 15 first heat conduction members 1, and the axial distance between every two adjacent first heat conduction members 1 is 0.5D.

The second heat conduction pieces 2 are arranged in parallel, the rotation angle of the second heat conduction pieces 2 along the spiral of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body is 180 degrees, and the two second heat conduction pieces 2 are spiral along the clockwise direction. The length H1 of the second heat conduction member 2 extending along the length direction of the furnace tube main body is 2.5D, and the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction member to the area of the furnace tube is 0.65: 1.

And no heat conducting member or thermal barrier coating is arranged at the position where the axial length of the furnace tube main body is H-4 m-13 m.

The heat conducting furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the operation period is 15 days, and the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 15 percent.

Example 3

The present embodiment is used to provide a heat conducting furnace tube, as shown in fig. 2, which is a single-pass furnace tube in a radiant section furnace tube of a cracking furnace.

The inner diameter D of the furnace tube main body is 25mm, the length L of the furnace tube main body is 13m, as shown in fig. 2, 16 sets of heat conducting members are uniformly arranged at the top end of the heat conducting furnace tube along the axial direction of the furnace tube, and the extension length H of the 16 sets of heat conducting members along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body is 4 m.

The first heat conducting piece 1 is a circular ring formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body, and the diameter d of the inner ring of the first heat conducting piece 1 is 12.5 mm. A group of heat conduction members comprises 15 first heat conduction members 1, and the axial distance between every two adjacent first heat conduction members 1 is 0.5D.

The second heat conduction pieces 2 are arranged in parallel, the rotation angle of the second heat conduction pieces 2 along the spiral of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body is 180 degrees, and the two second heat conduction pieces 2 are spiral along the clockwise direction. The length H1 of the second heat conduction member 2 extending along the length direction of the furnace tube main body is 2.5D, and the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction member to the area of the furnace tube is 0.65: 1.

And a thermal barrier coating is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace tube at the position where the axial length of the furnace tube main body is H-4 m-13 m.

The preparation method of the heat conduction furnace tube comprises the following steps:

(1) and carrying out low-oxygen partial pressure gas atmosphere treatment on the nickel-chromium furnace tube. The method comprises the steps of treating a nickel-chromium furnace tube containing Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, C and Nb for 4 hours at the temperature of 1000 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1000r/min by adopting a centrifugal casting method, and then carrying out heat treatment under low oxygen partial pressure to form a heat conduction layer on the surface of the nickel-chromium furnace tube.

The low oxygen partial pressure gas used in the low oxygen partial pressure condition is H₂And water vapor, the water vapor accounts for 10% of the gas mixture by volume, the oxygen partial pressure is less than or equal to 10^-16Pa. The heating temperature is 800 ℃, the heating treatment time is 100h, and the heat conduction layer with the thickness of 5 μm is formed on the surface of the nickel-chromium furnace tube by the treatment of the method. The heat conductive layer was analyzed by energy spectroscopy and comprised, in weight percent, 30% Cr, 3% Ni, 3% Fe, 8% Mn, 0.3% C, 38% O, and 17.7% Nb, based on the total weight of the heat conductive layer.

(2) And coating a reinforced coating on the surface of the heat-conducting furnace tube. Mixing SiO₂、K₂O、Al₂O₃、MgO、Co₃O₄、Na₂Mixing O and water uniformly to form slurry, spraying the slurry on the surface of the heat-conducting layer uniformly, and sintering at the temperature of 1000 ℃ to form a reinforcing coating with the thickness of 10 mu m, so that the reinforcing coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight based on the total amount of the reinforcing coating: SiO 2₂70% by weight, K₂O10 wt%, Al₂O₃5 wt%, MgO 5 wt%, Co₃O₄5% by weight and Na₂O5 wt.%.

The heat-conducting furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the operation period is 20 days, the coking amount is reduced by 30 percent, and the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 18 percent.

Example 4

The present embodiment is used to provide a heat conducting furnace tube, as shown in fig. 2, which is a single-pass furnace tube in a radiant section furnace tube of a cracking furnace.

The inner diameter D of the furnace tube main body is 25mm, the length L of the furnace tube main body is 13m, as shown in fig. 2, 16 sets of heat conducting members are uniformly arranged at the top end of the heat conducting furnace tube along the axial direction of the furnace tube, and the extension length H of the 16 sets of heat conducting members along the axial direction of the furnace tube main body is 4 m.

The first heat conducting piece 1 is a circular ring formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body, and the diameter d of the inner ring of the first heat conducting piece 1 is 12.5 mm. A group of heat conduction members comprises 15 first heat conduction members 1, and the axial distance between every two adjacent first heat conduction members 1 is 0.5D.

The second heat conduction pieces 2 are arranged in parallel, the rotation angle of the second heat conduction pieces 2 along the spiral of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body is 180 degrees, and the two second heat conduction pieces 2 are spiral along the clockwise direction. The length H1 of the second heat conduction member 2 extending along the length direction of the furnace tube main body is 2.5D, and the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction member to the area of the furnace tube is 0.65: 1.

The second heat conduction member 2 is disposed at a position where the axial length H of the furnace tube main body is 4m to 13m, and a thermal barrier coating is applied to the inner wall of the furnace tube (the thermal barrier coating is prepared by the same method as in example 3).

The heat-conducting furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the operation period is 39 days, and the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 28 percent.

Example 5

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the inner diameter D of the tube body is 50mm, the length L of the tube body is 13m, 8 sets of heat conducting members are uniformly arranged at one top end of the U-shaped tube along the tube axial direction, and the extension length H of the 8 sets of heat conducting members along the tube axial direction is 4 m.

The first heat conducting piece 1 is a circular ring formed by surrounding a circle along the cross section of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body, and the diameter d of the inner ring of the first heat conducting piece 1 is 12.5 mm. A group of heat conduction members comprises 15 first heat conduction members 1, and the axial distance between every two adjacent first heat conduction members 1 is 0.5D.

The second heat conduction pieces 2 are arranged in parallel, the rotation angle of the second heat conduction pieces 2 along the spiral of the inner wall of the furnace tube main body is 180 degrees, and the two second heat conduction pieces 2 are spiral along the clockwise direction. The length H1 of the second heat conduction member 2 extending along the length direction of the furnace tube main body is 2.5D, and the ratio of the area of the middle opening of the second heat conduction member to the area of the furnace tube is 0.65: 1.

And arranging a second heat-conducting piece 2 at the position of 4-13 m along the axial length of the furnace tube main body, and coating a thermal barrier coating on the inner wall of the furnace tube.

The heat-conducting furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the operation period is 110 days, the coking amount is reduced by 28 percent, and the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 25 percent.

Comparative example 1

This comparative example provides a single pass heat transfer tube having the same structure as the heat transfer tubes of example 2, except that: the heat conducting component is not arranged in the single-pass heat transfer pipe, and the thermal barrier coating is not arranged in the single-pass heat transfer pipe. When the one-way heat transfer pipe is used in a cracking furnace, the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 0 percent.

Comparative example 2

Compared with the heat transfer pipe in embodiment 2, the difference is that: only the first heat-conducting member 1 is arranged inside the single pass heat transfer tube. When the heat conduction furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 7 percent.

Comparative example 3

Compared with the heat transfer pipe in embodiment 2, the difference is that: only the second heat-conducting member 2 is arranged inside the single-pass heat transfer tube, and no heat-conducting layer or reinforcing coating is arranged. When the heat conduction furnace tube is used in a cracking furnace, the heat transfer enhancement comprehensive factor eta is improved by 6 percent.

Comparative example 4

This comparative example provides a 1-1 type pyrolysis furnace heat transfer tube, identical in structure to the heat transfer tube of example 5, except that: the heat transfer tube of type 1-1 is not provided with a heat conductive member inside, nor with a thermal barrier coating. The 1-1 type heat transfer tube was used in a cracking furnace and operated for a period of 60 days.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.