阅读说明：本技术 一种油田用油溶性破乳剂及其制备方法 (Oil-soluble demulsifier for oil field and preparation method thereof ) 是由 郑伟 付红英 李连客 单大龙 吴虹 范雪蕾 张唯 于 2021-01-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种油田用油溶性破乳剂及其制备方法,包括溶剂,其特征在于：所述溶剂为聚合度为3的聚甲醛二甲醚和/或聚合度为4的聚甲醛二甲醚；解决现有破乳剂在成分复杂、油水乳化程度高、乳化稳定性强的采出液中的分散性能不好以致油水分离速度慢及分离不彻底的问题；及其闪点低,夏季在运输、储存和使用过程中易燃易爆,安全性低的问题；凝固点高,在严寒冬季不能正常使用的问题。(The invention discloses an oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a solvent and is characterized in that: the solvent is polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether with the polymerization degree of 3 and/or polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether with the polymerization degree of 4; the problems that the existing demulsifier has poor dispersion performance in produced liquid with complex components, high oil-water emulsification degree and strong emulsification stability, so that the oil-water separation speed is low and the separation is not complete are solved; and the flash point is low, the material is flammable and explosive in the transportation, storage and use processes in summer, and the safety is low; high freezing point and incapability of normal use in severe cold winter.)

1. The oil-soluble demulsifier for the oil field comprises a solvent and is characterized in that:

the solvent is polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether with the degree of polymerization of 3 and/or polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether with the degree of polymerization of 4.

2. The oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields according to claim 1, further comprising:

a drying agent;

the drying agent is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether and/or polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether.

3. The oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields according to claim 2, wherein:

according to the mass percentage, the dry agent is 10-45%, and the solvent is 55-90%.

4. A preparation method of an oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the solvent of claim 2 or 3 and the drying agent are mixed and stirred uniformly.

5. The method for preparing the oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

the mixing and stirring are carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an oil field auxiliary agent, in particular to an oil-soluble demulsifier and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In an oil field, the conventional oil-soluble demulsifier consists of a drying agent and a solvent, and along with the continuous updating and change of an oil field exploitation technology, the produced liquid has more complex components, high oil-water emulsification degree and enhanced emulsification stability, and great difficulty is caused for dehydration of the produced liquid, so that the conventional demulsifier has poor dispersion performance in the produced liquid, thereby causing the conditions of low oil-water separation speed and incomplete separation, and a large number of emulsion layers exist. Under the condition, in order to meet the production requirement, the concentration of the demulsifier and the demulsification temperature can only be greatly increased, otherwise, the dehydration speed, the oil content of the sewage after dehydration, the water content in the oil and the residual emulsification parameters are difficult to reach the standard.

In addition, the solvent of the conventional oil-soluble demulsifier adopts aromatic hydrocarbon series solvents, such as dimethylbenzene, the aromatic hydrocarbon series solvents have low flash points, are inflammable and explosive in transportation, storage and use processes in summer, have low safety, have high freezing point and cannot be normally used in severe cold winter.

Moreover, although the aromatic hydrocarbon series solvents have strong dissolving capacity, the aromatic hydrocarbon series solvents have very obvious toxicity and non-environmental protection performance, can cause acute or chronic injury to human bodies, and can cause serious pollution to air, water environment and soil.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides an oil-soluble demulsifier for an oil field, which solves the problems of low oil-water separation speed and incomplete separation caused by poor dispersion performance of the existing demulsifier in produced liquid with complex components, high oil-water emulsification degree and strong emulsification stability; and the flash point is low, the material is flammable and explosive in the transportation, storage and use processes in summer, and the safety is low; the solidification point is high, and the product can not be normally used in severe cold winter; high toxicity and remarkable non-environmental protection performance.

In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the oil-soluble demulsifier for the oil field.

In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields comprises a solvent, and is characterized in that:

the solvent is polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether with the degree of polymerization of 3 and/or polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether with the degree of polymerization of 4.

Further, the oil-soluble demulsifier for the oil field also comprises a drying agent;

the drying agent is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether and/or polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether.

Further, the mass percentage of the drying agent is 10-45%, and the mass percentage of the solvent is 55-90%.

In a second aspect, the preparation method of the oil-soluble demulsifier for oil fields is characterized by comprising the following steps:

and mixing and stirring the solvent and the drying agent uniformly to obtain the composite material.

Further, the mixing and stirring are carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the oil-soluble demulsifier uses polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether PODE with the polymerization degree of 3-4_3~4As a solvent, due to PODE_3~4Belongs to ethers, most of oil-soluble demulsifier driers used in oil fields at home and abroad at present are nonionic block polyethers, and PODE (polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether) is prepared according to the principle of similar intermiscibility_3~4A synergistic effect is generated between the solvent and the dry agent, so that the PODE_3~4The dissolving and dispersing performance of the oil-soluble demulsifier drier can be obviously improved, the diffusivity of demulsifier molecules is improved, the performance of the demulsifier can be more fully exerted at low temperature, and the demulsification effect is very obvious.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a comparative plot of demulsification experiments in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. However, the present invention may be fully understood by those skilled in the art for those parts not described in detail.

At present, PODE (polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether)_nIn (b), PODE having a polymerization degree of 5 to 8_5~8The diesel oil is mainly used as a diesel oil additive due to high cetane number; and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE)₃And/or PODE₄) The dissolution performance is very good. In view of that the strong solubility can obviously increase the solubility of the oil-soluble demulsifier drier in the system, and the increase of the solubility is helpful for the dispersion of demulsifier molecules in the oil phase, promotes the rapid migration of the demulsifier molecules at the oil-water interface, enables the demulsifier molecules to be rapidly diffused and adsorbed on the oil-water interface membrane, greatly reduces the strength of the interface membrane, destroys the interface emulsion membrane, changes the surface tension of water drops, promotes the fine water drops dispersed in the crude oil to be combined and condensed into large water drops, can rapidly separate oil from water, and greatly improves the demulsification performance of the demulsifier, the invention selects the polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE)_3~4) As solvent for the breaker drier to obtain the breaker described herein, and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE) is used_3~4) The solvent used as the oil-soluble demulsifier for the oil field has not been reported at home and abroad.

In addition, PODE_3~4The solvent does not contain toxic and harmful substances such as sulfur, lead, organic chlorine, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, is environment-friendly, has moderate volatility, has far-exceeding aromatic hydrocarbon dissolving capacity, can be biodegraded, and has a plurality of environmental protection advantages when being used as a solvent. PODE_3~4The closed flash point is high, the solidifying point is low, the flash point quality standard reaching rate of the oil-soluble demulsifier can be ensured to be 100%, and the high flash point is non-flammable and non-explosive, so that the safety of summer production and field use is ensured.

Further, the oil-soluble demulsifier for oil field of the present application is described in more detail with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

The oil-soluble demulsifier of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, 20% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether and PODE₃30%、PODE₄35%。

The preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the proportion of the components, adding a solvent PODE₃And PODE₄The polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene stearyl ether and the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether are blended into the same blending tank. And mixing and stirring for 30 minutes at normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain the demulsifier A.

Example 2

The oil-soluble demulsifier of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, 15% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether and PODE₃35%、PODE₄35%。

The preparation was carried out as in example 1 to obtain demulsifier B.

Example 3

The oil-soluble demulsifier of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, 10% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether and PODE₃40%、PODE₄35%。

The preparation was carried out as in example 1 to obtain demulsifier C.

Comparative example

The conventional demulsifier used on site comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, 20% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether and 65% of xylene.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding solvent xylene into a blending tank according to the proportion of the components, and then mixing polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether into the same blending tank. And (3) heating to 40 ℃ while stirring, stirring for 30 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 1 hour to obtain the demulsifier D.

Examples of the experiments

First, physicochemical index test

Table 1 shows the results of the physicochemical technical index measurements of the demulsifiers of examples 1-3 and comparative examples.

TABLE 1 physical and chemical technical indexes of demulsifier A, B, C, D

As can be seen from Table 1, with PODE_3~4The flash point of the oil-soluble demulsifier A, B, C which is a solvent is as high as 55 ℃ and is far higher than the flash point (26 ℃) of the demulsifier D currently used on site and the flash point required by the enterprise standard (>25 ℃), not only ensures that the flash point quality standard-reaching rate of the oil-soluble demulsifier can reach 100 percent, but also ensures the safety of production and field use in summer due to high flash point, non-flammability and non-explosiveness. In addition, with PODE_3~4The oil-soluble demulsifier A, B, C which is a solvent has the condensation point of-48 ℃ which is far lower than the requirement of the enterprise standard (<The freezing point of the demulsifier D used at the site at minus 25 ℃ and minus 27 ℃ at present is very good in antifreezing performance of the product stored and used in winter, and provides reliable guarantee for the safe production of crude oil in winter in oil fields.

Second, evaluation test

The demulsifier A, the demulsifier B, the demulsifier C and the comparative demulsifier D in the above examples 1 to 3 were evaluated by a bottle test method, and crude oil samples for evaluation were obtained from Daqing oil field oil extraction six plants Miao two-one mixed oil sample, and the water content of the crude oil was 53.1%. The results of the experiment are shown in table 2 below.

TABLE 2A, B, C demulsifier and demulsifier D demulsification Performance evaluation for in situ use

The results of Table 2 above show that examples 1-3 of the present invention described above are PODE under different temperature conditions_3~4The demulsifiers A, B and C used as solvents have better indexes such as dehydration amount, dehydration speed, oil content in sewage after dehydration, oil content in water, residual emulsification and the like than the demulsifier D which uses dimethylbenzene as a solvent and is used on site, in particular to the demulsifier DThe dosage of A is 50ppm at 25 ℃, the 30-minute dehydration rate is up to 79.3 percent, which is about 21 percent higher than that of the demulsifier D. At 30 ℃, the product A, B and C have better demulsification effect.

FIG. 1 is a comparison of demulsification experiments for demulsifiers according to examples 1-3 of the present invention and comparative examples. In FIG. 1, there are shown graphs of the demulsifying and dehydrating effects at 30min at 30 ℃ for a blank test, A for the demulsifier of example 1, B for the demulsifier of example 2, C for the demulsifier of example 3, and D for the demulsifier used in the field, respectively. It can be seen from figure 1 that the amount of demulsifier a dehydrated (about 43 ml) was much higher than the amount of demulsifier D dehydrated on site (about 22 ml), and that the amount of demulsifier B dehydrated (about 40 ml) and demulsifier dehydrated (about 37 ml) was also significantly higher than the amount of demulsifier D dehydrated on site (about 22 ml). The above results show that the compound is expressed as PODE_3~4The oil soluble demulsifier A, B, C which is a solvent has excellent low-temperature demulsification performance.

According to the preparation method in the embodiment 1, 2.0 tons of low-temperature oil-soluble demulsifiers are produced in a trial mode and are applied to site in Daqing oilfield oil extraction four-factory four-mine West two and 903 transfer stations and apricot nine-gang for 15 days. At normal temperature, the demulsifier has excellent dehydration effect on water drive and polymer drive mixed transportation, greatly improves the diffusivity and dehydration effect of the demulsifier, and achieves thorough oil-water separation. All indexes reach the standard through detection, and the stable operation of external oil transportation in the apricot nine-joint area is practically guaranteed.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.