阅读说明：本技术 一种防止及应对rb过程中风机失速的控制方法 (Control method for preventing and coping with fan stall in RB process ) 是由 陆陆 胡伯勇 童小忠 杨敏 牟文彪 陆豪强 何郁晟 钟文晶 沈雪东 李恩长 张文 于 2020-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种防止及应对RB过程中风机失速的控制方法,包括：步骤1、当机组辅机跳闸时设计一次风机防失速控制回路来降低RB过程中一次风机失速的风险；步骤2、在RB工况下,引入电流一致性作RB工况下风机失速判断的补充条件；步骤3、若RB工况下的风机失速时,且对侧风机未出现失速；则首先比较机组中两台风机的运行电流,运行电流低的为失速风机。本发明的有益效果是：避免RB过程中磨煤机跳闸引起的风机失速；判断RB过程中风机是否发生了失速现象；当RB过程中发生风机失速时,及时干预使风机摆脱失速区,恢复风机出力,并在极限工况下考虑直接跳闸失速风机,以此保证锅炉的安全运行。(The invention relates to a control method for preventing and dealing with fan stall in the RB process, which comprises the following steps: step 1, designing a primary fan anti-stall control loop to reduce the risk of primary fan stall in the RB process when an auxiliary machine of a unit trips; step 2, introducing current consistency to make a supplement condition for judging the stalling of the fan under the RB working condition; step 3, if the fan stalls under the RB working condition, the opposite side fan does not stall; the operating currents of the two fans in the unit are compared first, and the stall fan is the operating current which is low. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the blower stalling caused by the tripping of the coal mill in the RB process is avoided; judging whether the fan stalls in the RB process; when the fan stalls in the RB process, timely intervention is carried out to enable the fan to get rid of a stall area, the output of the fan is recovered, and the stall fan is directly tripped under the limit working condition, so that the safe operation of the boiler is guaranteed.)

1. A control method for preventing and dealing with fan stall in RB process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, designing a primary fan anti-stall control loop; the control logic of the primary air fan anti-stall control loop is as follows:

step 1.1, when the RB action occurs to the unit: judging whether the RB action is a primary fan RB; if the primary air fan RB or the primary air fan stalls, the primary air fan stall prevention control loop is not triggered;

step 1.2, when the RB action of the unit is not a primary air fan RB: judging the number of the tripping coal mills by a tripping coal mill number judging logic loop; the number of coal mills subjected to RB interlocking tripping is determined by subtracting the number of running coal mills subjected to RB action from the number of running coal mills subjected to RB action in the trip coal mill number judging logic circuit; generating two paths of feedforward signals through function calculation according to the number of the coal mill trips; one path of feedforward signals is primary air fan instruction feedforward, and the primary air fan instruction feedforward reduces the primary air fan instruction; the other feed-forward signal is primary air pressure setting offset, and the primary air pressure setting offset synchronously reduces a set value of the primary air pressure;

1.3, after the RB signal is reset, recovering the number of the tripped coal mills to judge the state of a logic loop;

step 2, introducing current consistency as a supplementary condition for judging the stalling of the fan under the RB working condition: presetting an upper limit and a lower limit of fan current according to the opening of the fan movable blades; when the current of one fan in the unit exceeds the preset value of the lower current limit of the fan and the current of the other fan exceeds the preset value of the upper current limit of the fan, judging whether the fan stalls under the RB working condition or not by combining the current deviation;

step 3, if the fan stalls under the RB working condition, the opposite side fan does not stall; comparing the operating currents of two fans in the unit, wherein a stall fan is determined when the operating current is low; and then judging whether the fan stall causes the unit operation parameter to exceed the limit: if the relevant operation parameters of the unit are not out of limit, quickly closing the opening of the stall fan, and withdrawing the anti-stall control loop of the primary fan; and if the unit operation parameters are close to the critical values, quickly stopping the stalling fan.

2. The control method for preventing and dealing with fan stall in the RB process according to claim 1, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: in the step 1.2, the amplitude and duration of primary air fan instruction feedforward reduction are determined by the number of coal mill tripping devices, and the instruction value of primary air fan instruction reduction is slowly recovered.

3. The control method for preventing and dealing with the stall of the fan in the RB process according to claim 1, wherein the specific way of judging whether the fan stalls under the RB condition through the current deviation in the step 2 is as follows: if the absolute value of the current deviation of the fans on the two sides exceeds a preset value and the deviation change rate also exceeds the preset value, stalling the fan under the RB working condition; the preset value is determined according to the running state of each unit.

4. The control method for preventing and dealing with fan stall in the RB process according to claim 1, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: and 3, judging whether the out-of-limit unit operation parameters are the hearth pressure and the primary air pressure.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of fan stall control, and particularly relates to a control method for preventing and handling fan stall in an RB (brake-bar) process.

Background

The fan stalling is a phenomenon that when the positive attack angle formed by airflow and a blade inlet exceeds a certain critical value, the flow working condition of the back of the blade begins to deteriorate, a boundary layer is damaged, a vortex region appears at the tail end of the back of the blade, the flow resistance of fluid is increased, and a blade channel is blocked. Different from the tripping of the fan, the fan still keeps the running state when the fan stalls, but the output of the fan is sharply reduced, and the safe running of the unit is seriously threatened.

The core of the unit rapid load reduction (RUNBACK, RB) control is to solve the problem that the output demand of the unit is not matched with the load carrying capacity of the auxiliary machine after the main auxiliary machine trips. The main means is to match the lost auxiliary machine loading capacity by quickly reducing the load so as to ensure the stability of various parameters and the operation safety of the unit.

The main components of the related devices at present include a coal pulverizing system for providing fuel, a primary air blower for conveying pulverized coal, an air feeder for providing oxygen required by combustion, an induced draft fan for maintaining negative pressure of a hearth, a steam turbine for applying work by using steam, an industrial control computer for performing logic calculation and control, and the like.

Under normal conditions, when the main auxiliary machines (a feeding/induced draft fan, a primary air fan, a water feeding pump and a pulverizing system) are abnormally tripped, the system judges the maximum output which can be achieved by the unit after the auxiliary machines are tripped according to the output and the load carrying capacity of each auxiliary machine; and if the current unit load instruction is larger than the maximum output of the tripped unit, triggering the RB action. After the RB is triggered to act, the unit can rapidly reduce output according to the maximum loading capacity of the auxiliary machine, and necessary interlocking operation is carried out on each relevant device, so that the safe and stable operation of the unit is guaranteed. And (4) the output of the standby group is reduced to a safe range, and the RB process is ended after each main parameter is stable.

Compared with the conventional operation condition of the unit, the unit parameter fluctuation under the RB condition is large, and the operating state change is rapid and the fan stall is easy to cause. However, the existing control strategy lacks an effective judgment basis for the fan stall working condition, which causes that the control logic cannot respond to the abnormal working condition through the correct judgment of the RB loop like the tripping of the auxiliary machine when the fan stalls. In addition, the process of stalling is very rapid, the operating conditions of the unit may change greatly in a short time, and the judgment and treatment process cannot be completed by manual intervention of operators.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a control method for preventing and dealing with the stalling of a fan in the RB process.

The control method for preventing and dealing with the fan stall in the RB process comprises the following steps:

step 1, when an auxiliary machine (outside a pulverizing system) of a unit trips, a coal mill is tripped in an interlocking manner to achieve the purpose of quickly reducing load; the resistance of a primary fan flue is increased due to the tripping of a plurality of coal mills in a short time, and the output of the fan is higher and enters a stall area; designing a primary air fan anti-stall control loop to reduce the risk of primary air fan stall in the RB process; the control logic of the primary air fan anti-stall control loop is as follows:

step 1.1, when the RB action occurs to the unit: judging whether the RB action is a primary fan RB; if the primary air fan RB or the primary air fan stalls, the primary air fan stall prevention control loop is not triggered to ensure that the primary air pressure is stable;

step 1.2, when the RB action of the unit is not a primary air fan RB: judging the number of the tripping coal mills by a tripping coal mill number judging logic loop; the number of coal mills subjected to RB interlocking tripping is determined by subtracting the number of running coal mills subjected to RB action from the number of running coal mills subjected to RB action in the trip coal mill number judging logic circuit; generating two paths of feedforward signals through function calculation according to the number of the coal mill trips; one path of feedforward signals is primary fan instruction feedforward, the primary fan instruction feedforward directly reduces the instructions of the primary fan so as to match the characteristic change of the air duct and the reduction of the air volume demand and prevent the fan from entering a stall interval; the other path of feedforward signal is primary air pressure setting offset, the primary air pressure setting offset synchronously reduces the set value of the primary air pressure, and the condition that the fan force rises to enter a stall interval due to the pull-back regulation action of a PID control loop is prevented;

1.3, after the RB signal is reset, recovering the number of the tripped coal mills to judge the state of a logic loop;

step 2, under a normal working condition, the current deviation and the deviation change rate of the fans at two sides can be used as a basis for judging the stalling of the fans; under the RB working condition, certain current deviation can be generated in the rapid adjustment process due to the difference of the adjustment performances of the fans on the two sides, so that the stall misjudgment of the fans is generated; introducing current consistency as a supplementary condition for judging the stalling of the fan under the RB working condition: presetting an upper limit and a lower limit of fan current according to the opening of the fan movable blades; when the current of one fan in the unit exceeds the preset value of the lower current limit of the fan and the current of the other fan exceeds the preset value of the upper current limit of the fan, the two fans are considered to possibly stall, and then whether the fans stall under the RB working condition is judged by combining the current deviation;

step 3, if the fan stalls under the RB working condition, the opposite side fan does not stall; comparing the operating currents of two fans in the unit, wherein a stall fan is determined when the operating current is low; and then judging whether the fan stall causes the unit operation parameter to exceed the limit: if the relevant operation parameters of the unit are not out of limit, immediately performing override operation on the stall fan, quickly closing the opening of the stall fan to help the stall fan to be separated from a stall area, stabilizing the output of a normal fan, and withdrawing the primary fan anti-stall control loop; if the unit operation parameters are close to the critical values, the stall fan is quickly stopped to recover the output of the wind and smoke system.

Preferably, the amplitude and duration of primary air fan instruction feedforward reduction in step 1.2 are determined by the number of coal mill tripping devices, and the instruction value of primary air fan instruction reduction is slowly recovered after being kept for a certain time, so as to ensure the subsequent regulation of primary air pressure.

Preferably, the specific way of judging whether the fan stalls under the RB condition by the current deviation in the step 2 is as follows: if the absolute value of the current deviation of the fans on the two sides exceeds a preset value and the deviation change rate also exceeds the preset value, stalling the fan under the RB working condition; the preset value is determined according to the running state of each unit.

Preferably, the unit operation parameters used for judging whether the limit is exceeded or not in the step 3 are the furnace pressure and the primary air pressure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the blower stalling caused by the tripping of the coal mill in the RB process is avoided; 2) judging whether the fan stalls in the RB process; 3) when the fan stalls in the RB process, timely intervention is carried out to enable the fan to get rid of a stall area, the output of the fan is recovered, and the stall fan is directly tripped under the limit working condition, so that the safe operation of the boiler is guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram of primary fan anti-stall;

FIG. 2 is a logic diagram for determining fan current inconsistency;

FIG. 3 is a logic diagram illustrating the judgment of the stall of the fan under the RB condition of the unit by taking the induced draft fan as an example;

FIG. 4 is a logic diagram illustrating stall fan determination, using fan A as an example;

FIG. 5 is a fan stall control logic diagram, taking fan A as an example;

fig. 6 is a logic diagram of fan stall trip protection taking a induced draft fan a as an example.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

The RB process of the unit is usually accompanied with the processes of tripping of a coal mill, sudden change of the pressure of a hearth, quick adjustment of the fans and the like, the flue characteristics of the air and smoke system can be changed greatly in a short time, the adjustment processes of the two fans can be different, and the possibility of stalling of the fans is increased. In order to improve the running reliability of the generator set, the invention provides a control method for preventing and dealing with fan stall in the RB process, which can be applied to a coal-fired unit. Through a large number of case analyses, the change of the air duct resistance is stall caused by the change of external factors of the fan, so that the prevention is mainly taken when a control strategy is designed; the difference of the adjusting performance of the fans on the two sides is the inherent characteristic of the fans, and the fan can only be responded by a control strategy after the stalling of the fans occurs. The invention provides corresponding precaution and countermeasure aiming at different reasons of fan stall in the RB process.

The method provides corresponding precaution and countermeasure aiming at different reasons of fan stall in the RB process; when the fan stalls in the RB process, the control method can accurately judge the occurrence of the fan stalls, and reasonably handle the fan stalls by using the automatic control loop, so that the safe operation capacity of the unit is improved.

As an embodiment, a precaution and countermeasure aiming at the fan stall in the RB process of a unit, because the RB action of the unit can influence the safe and stable operation of a boiler, and the fan stall phenomenon is less, the actual operation is difficult to complete; therefore, in this embodiment, the stall of the primary air fan in the RB process is taken as an example, and a simulation test is performed on the emerson analysis distributed control system, and the simulation process is implemented by manually forcing a signal value quickly. The method mainly forces a tripping instruction of an auxiliary machine and a current value of a fan to judge and process the abnormal stalling condition of the fan in the RB process according to comprehensive logic criteria.

Anti-stall simulation test for primary air fan in RB process

Firstly, the set values of the method are determined, the rated power of the unit is set to be 660MW, the primary air pressure set value is 8.5kPa, and the actual primary air pressure value is 8.8kPa, in fig. 1, the functions in the function blocks are set to (x 1-0, y 1-0, x 2-1, y 2-0.3, x 3-2, y 3-0.6, x 4-3, y 4-0.8), and the functions in the function blocks are set to (x 1-0, y 1-0, x 2-1, y 2-2%, x 3-2, y 3-5%, x 4-3, y 4-8%).

The simulation process starts: the running power of the unit is set to be 600MW, and 5 coal mills run. And forcing a trip signal of the induced draft fan to trigger the unit RB to act, wherein the unit RB is a non-primary fan RB, and the primary fan anti-stall control loop (the override control loop) shown in the figure 1 starts to act. The judgment logic of the number of the tripping coal mills in the frame in the figure 1 can judge that the induced draft fan RB interlocks and trips two coal mills, and at the moment, the output of the functional block is-0.6 and acts on the set value of primary air pressure; and the output of the function block is-8%, and the function block acts on the instruction of the primary air fan. By the two feed-forward actions, the output of the primary fan is quickly reduced, and the phenomenon that the output of the primary fan is higher and enters a stall area due to the rise of the resistance of the primary air duct is avoided. And the reduced instruction value is slowly recovered after being kept for a certain time, and the state of the number judgment logic of the tripped coal mill is recovered after the RB signal is reset.

Response method for induced draft fan stall in RB process

Firstly, a set value of the method is determined, and the rated power of a unit is set to be 660 MW. In fig. 2, the function block has functions of (x1 ═ 0, y1 ═ 0, x2 ═ 20, y2 ═ 350, x3 ═ 40, y3 ═ 500, x4 ═ 60, y4 ═ 550, x5 ═ 80, y5 ═ 600, x6 ═ 100, y6 ═ 650), and the function block has functions of (x1 ═ 0, y1 ═ 0, x2 ═ 20, y2 ═ 250, x3 ═ 40, y3 ═ 400, x4 ═ 60, y 9 ═ 450, x5 ═ 80, y5 ═ 520, x6 ═ 100, y6 ═ 600, and the function block 3 has functions of 10 ═ a. The constants are set to 10% in the function block of fig. 5, the value of the constants is set to 30% in the function block of ((c) m fig. 6, and the high limit value is set to 800Pa in the function block of (c) m fig. 6.

The simulation process starts:

1) the opening degree of the induced draft fan A is set to be 80%, the current is set to be 550A, the opening degree of the induced draft fan B is set to be 80%, and the current is set to be 560A. The simulation RB signal (except for induced draft fan RB) has been triggered and A, B induced draft fans have all been put into automation.

2) Keeping the opening degrees of the movable blades of the two induced draft fans unchanged by 80%, rapidly modifying the current of the induced draft fan A to 460A and the current of the induced draft fan B to 610A, and logically judging that the currents of the two side induced draft fans are inconsistent according to the inconsistency judgment logic of the fan currents of the two induced draft fans, wherein the current of the induced draft fan A is lower than the lower current limit 520A corresponding to the opening degree of the movable blade of 80%, and the current of the induced draft fan B is higher than the upper current limit 600A corresponding to the opening degree of the movable blade of 80%.

3) Meanwhile, the deviation of the currents of the two induced fans in fig. 3 divided by the average value of the currents of the two induced fans is 28%, which is higher than the upper limit value of 10% in the functional block; the current deviation change rate is 15A/s and is higher than the upper limit value of 10A/s in the function block. And thus, the judgment of the fan stall signal in RB in the control logic of FIG. 3 is completed.

4) The current of the induced draft fan A is lower than that of the induced draft fan B, and the stall fan can be judged to be the induced draft fan A according to the control logic shown in the figure 4.

5) The negative pressure of the hearth is modified to 900Pa, which means that the stalling of the induced draft fan in the RB process causes the pressure of the hearth to approach the critical value of MFT (full hearth fire extinguishing), the safe operation of the unit is seriously threatened, the control logic in the figure 6 is rapidly executed at the moment, and the protection tripping instruction of the induced draft fan A is sent out to recover the output of the wind and smoke system.

6) Setting the instruction of the induced draft fan A to be 50%, modifying the negative pressure of the hearth to be 600Pa, executing control logic of the graph 5 if the stall fan does not cause related operation parameters of the unit to be out of limit, rapidly reducing the opening degree of movable blades of the induced draft fan A by 10%, helping the induced draft fan A to be separated from a stall area, and stabilizing the output of a normal fan.

7) After the test is completed, the RB signal is reset.