阅读说明：本技术 一种液压双弹性体变形式锁紧装置 (Hydraulic double-elastomer deformation type locking device ) 是由 刘江 王兆涛 于 2021-05-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种液压双弹性体变形式锁紧装置,该装置包括：第一盖体、第二盖体、第一弹性体、第二弹性体和设置在所述第一弹性体和所述第二弹性体之间的刹车盘；所述第一弹性体与所述第一盖体之间形成第一密封腔体,所述第一盖体上设置有向所述第一密封腔体内注入液压油的第一进油通道；所述第二弹性体与所述第二盖体之间形成第二密封腔体,所述第二盖体上设置有向所述第二密封腔体内注入液压油的第二进油通道。由于采用了双弹性体结构,因此相对于现有技术中的单弹体结构,本发明提供的锁紧装置可以提供两倍的缩紧压力,这样可以减少刹车盘的变形,减少压力损耗。本发明实施例提供的装置可以用于模块化机床的回转轴上。(The invention discloses a hydraulic double-elastic-body deformation type locking device, which comprises: the brake disc comprises a first cover body, a second cover body, a first elastic body, a second elastic body and a brake disc arranged between the first elastic body and the second elastic body; a first sealing cavity is formed between the first elastic body and the first cover body, and a first oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the first sealing cavity is formed in the first cover body; and a second sealing cavity is formed between the second elastic body and the second cover body, and a second oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the second sealing cavity is arranged on the second cover body. Due to the adoption of the double-elastic-body structure, compared with a single-elastic-body structure in the prior art, the locking device provided by the invention can provide twice shrinking pressure, so that the deformation of a brake disc can be reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced. The device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used on the rotating shaft of the modular machine tool.)

1. A hydraulic double-elastic-body deformation type locking device is characterized by comprising: the brake disc comprises a first cover body, a second cover body, a first elastic body arranged in the first cover body, a second elastic body arranged in the second cover body and a brake disc arranged between the first elastic body and the second elastic body; a first sealing cavity is formed between the first elastic body and the first cover body, and a first oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the first sealing cavity is formed in the first cover body; and a second sealing cavity is formed between the second elastic body and the second cover body, and a second oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the second sealing cavity is arranged on the second cover body.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second surfaces of the brake disc are annularly corrugated, the first surface of the first elastomer being in contact with the first surface of the brake disc, the shape of the first surface of the first elastomer matching the shape of the first surface of the brake disc, and the second surface of the second elastomer being in contact with the second surface of the brake disc, the shape of the second surface of the second elastomer matching the shape of the second surface of the brake disc;

in the non-locking state, a first gap is formed between the first surface of the first elastic body and the first surface of the brake disc, a second gap is formed between the second surface of the second elastic body and the second surface of the brake disc, and the brake disc can freely rotate between the first gap and the second gap; in a locking state, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are extruded to the brake disc under the extrusion of hydraulic oil, the first gap and the second gap disappear, and the brake disc is locked by the first elastic body and the second elastic body.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first elastomer includes a first annular groove and a first seal ring disposed within the first annular groove; the second elastic body comprises a second annular groove and a second sealing ring arranged in the second annular groove.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first annular groove comprises a first inner annular groove and a first outer annular groove, the first seal ring comprises a first inner seal ring and a first outer seal ring, the first inner seal ring is disposed within the first inner annular groove, the first outer seal ring is disposed within the first outer annular groove, and the first outer annular groove is disposed at an outer periphery of the first inner seal ring;

the second ring channel includes the outer ring channel of second inner ring channel and second, the second sealing washer includes second inner seal circle and second outer sealing washer, the setting of second inner seal circle is in the inner ring channel of second, the setting of second outer sealing washer is in the outer ring channel of second, the setting of the outer ring channel of second is in the periphery of sealing washer in the second.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a first screw for securing the first elastomer to the first cover and a second screw for securing the second elastomer to the second cover.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a spindle backing ring disposed on the brake disc, wherein through holes are disposed on both the brake disc and the spindle backing ring for engaging bolts to connect the brake disc and the spindle backing ring to a machine tool spindle.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein the first cover body is provided with counter bores on the periphery thereof, and the counter bores are used for being matched with bolts to connect the first cover body with a machine tool case.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cover backing ring and a third screw; the cover body backing ring is arranged between the first cover body and the second cover body and is positioned on the outer ring of the brake disc; the third screw penetrates through the first cover body, the cover body backing ring and the second cover body and is used for covering and fixing the first cover body and the second cover body.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the second oil inlet channel comprises a first oil inlet channel, a second oil inlet channel and a third oil inlet channel which are communicated, the first oil inlet channel is communicated with the second sealed cavity, the first cover body is provided with an extension joint, and the extension joint is communicated with the third oil inlet channel.

10. The device of claim 8, wherein a plug is further disposed on the second cover body, and the plug is used for isolating the second oil inlet channel from an external environment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a hydraulic double-elastic-body deformation type locking device.

Background

The rotary shaft is a key functional part commonly used in the field of machine tools, and in the mechanical machining process, particularly in heavy cutting, the rotary shaft bears a large cutting force, which inevitably brings about the problems of large heating value of a driving motor, deformation of a transmission mechanism due to stress, insufficient transmission rigidity and vibration of a cutter or a workpiece, and the like, thereby seriously affecting the machining precision of the workpiece, so that the application of the locking device in the rotary shaft not only can provide higher positioning precision for the rotary shaft, but also can ensure that the rotary shaft has higher mechanism transmission rigidity.

The existing machine tool elastic body deformation type locking mechanism is in single elastic body deformation type locking, the friction surface of a brake disc is a plane, and the elastic body and the brake disc are fixed on the inner circumference, and the outer circumference bears oil pressure to deform. When locking is needed, the deformation of the elastic body and the brake disc is gradually reduced from the outer circumference to the inner circumference, so that the pressure borne by the upper surface and the lower surface of the brake disc is gradually reduced from the outer circumference to the inner circumference during locking, and meanwhile, the elastic body deformation type locking mechanism is limited by the structural size, and the friction surface area and the expansion range of the brake disc are limited, so that the braking torque provided by the existing elastic body deformation type locking mechanism of the machine tool is limited, the locking rigidity is difficult to guarantee, and the positioning precision is difficult to guarantee. Meanwhile, the existing locking mechanism is generally integrated with a rotating shaft for design and installation, the design of the corresponding locking mechanism is required to be carried out when a machine tool is designed, and the rotating shaft of the machine tool also needs to be integrally disassembled when the locking mechanism is maintained, so the design and maintenance cost of the existing locking mechanism is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hydraulic double-elastic-body deformation type locking device which can provide at least twice higher tightening pressure compared with the prior art so as to reduce deformation of a brake disc and pressure loss.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a hydraulic dual elastomer deformation-type locking device, comprising: the brake disc comprises a first cover body, a second cover body, a first elastic body arranged in the first cover body, a second elastic body arranged in the second cover body and a brake disc arranged between the first elastic body and the second elastic body; a first sealing cavity is formed between the first elastic body and the first cover body, and a first oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the first sealing cavity is formed in the first cover body; and a second sealing cavity is formed between the second elastic body and the second cover body, and a second oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the second sealing cavity is arranged on the second cover body.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention at least has the following technical effects:

in the above scheme, when locking is needed, hydraulic oil is injected into the first sealing cavity through the first oil inlet channel, and hydraulic oil is injected into the second sealing cavity through the second oil inlet channel, so that the first elastic body and the second elastic body extrude towards the brake disc under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the brake disc stops running due to the friction force between the brake disc and the first elastic body as well as the second elastic body, thereby realizing locking. Due to the adoption of the double-elastic-body structure, compared with a single-elastic-body structure in the prior art, the locking device provided by the invention can provide at least one time higher compression pressure compared with the prior art, so that the deformation of the brake disc can be reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of a locking device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a first elastic body in a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane D-D of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a brake disc in a locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane E-E of fig. 9.

Reference numerals: 1. a first cover body; 2. a second cover body; 3. a first elastic body; 4. a second elastomer; 5. a cover body backing ring; 6. a brake disc; 7. a rotating shaft backing ring; 8. a third screw; 9. an extension joint; 10. a plug; 11. a first screw; 12. a second screw; 13. a first inner seal ring; 14. a first outer seal ring; 15. a second inner seal ring; 16. a second outer seal ring; 17. a first oil inlet passage; 18. a first section of oil inlet channel; 19. a second section of oil inlet channel; 20. a third section of oil inlet channel; 21. a first sealed chamber; 22. a second sealed cavity; 23. a first gap; 24. a second gap; 25. a first inner annular groove; 26. a first outer annular groove; 27. a second inner annular groove; 28. a second outer annular groove; 29. a counter bore; 30. a through hole; 33. a first surface of the brake disc; 34. a second surface of the brake disc; 31. a first surface of a first elastomer; 32. a second surface of a second elastomer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydraulic double-elastic-body deformation type locking device, including: a first cover 1, a second cover 2, a first elastic body 3 provided in the first cover 1, a second elastic body 4 provided in the second cover 2, and a brake disc 6 provided between the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4; a first sealing cavity 21 is formed between the first elastic body 3 and the first cover body 1, and a first oil inlet channel 17 for injecting hydraulic oil into the first sealing cavity 21 is formed in the first cover body 1; a second sealing cavity 22 is formed between the second elastic body 4 and the second cover body 2, and a second oil inlet channel for injecting hydraulic oil into the second sealing cavity 22 is formed in the second cover body 2.

It will be appreciated that the first cover 1 may be a gland and the second cover 2 may be a fixed cover.

It can be understood that the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 are distributed up and down symmetrically, the brake disc is arranged between the two elastic bodies,

according to the locking device provided by the invention, when locking is required, hydraulic oil is injected into the first sealing cavity 21 through the first oil inlet channel 17, and hydraulic oil is injected into the second sealing cavity 22 through the second oil inlet channel, so that the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 are extruded to the brake disc 6 under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the brake disc 6 stops running due to the friction force between the brake disc 6 and the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4, thereby realizing locking. Due to the adoption of the double-elastic-body structure, compared with a single-elastic-body structure in the prior art, the locking device provided by the invention can provide at least one time higher compression pressure compared with the prior art, so that the deformation of the brake disc 6 can be reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced.

In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 6, in order to further increase the friction between the elastic body and the brake disc 6, the first surface 33 and the second surface 34 of the brake disc 6 may be provided in an annular corrugated shape, the first surface 31 of the first elastic body 3 is in contact with the first surface 33 of the brake disc 6, the shape of the first surface 31 of the first elastic body 3 is adapted to the shape of the first surface 33 of the brake disc 6, the second surface 32 of the second elastic body 4 is in contact with the second surface 34 of the brake disc 6, and the shape of the second surface 32 of the second elastic body 4 is adapted to the shape of the second surface 34 of the brake disc 6.

As shown in fig. 6, in the non-locking state, a first gap 23 is formed between the first surface 31 of the first elastic body 3 and the first surface 33 of the brake disc 6, and a second gap 24 is formed between the second surface 32 of the second elastic body 4 and the second surface 34 of the brake disc 6; in a locked state, the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 are extruded to the brake disc 6 under the extrusion of hydraulic oil, the first gap 23 and the second gap 24 disappear, and the brake disc 6 is locked by the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4.

Wherein the angle of the corrugations of the brake disc can be set with reference to angle 01 and angle 02 in figure 6 and the height of the corrugations can be set with reference to height H in figure 6.

That is, when locking is not required, the brake disc 6 can rotate freely because of the first gap 23 and the second gap 24. When locking is needed, hydraulic oil is injected into the first seal cavity 21 and the second seal cavity 22, so that the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 extrude the brake disc 6 under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, the first gap 23 and the second gap 24 are gradually reduced to disappear, the contact surfaces of the first elastic body 3, the brake disc 6 and the second elastic body 4 generate friction, when the pressure given by the hydraulic oil is high enough, the brake disc 6 is completely fixed by the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 and can not rotate, as the contact surfaces of the first elastic body 3, the brake disc 6 and the second elastic body 4 are all in an annular corrugated shape, the plane contact is changed into corrugated contact, the contact area is increased under the limited size design, the problem of uneven pressure distribution caused by the gradual reduction of the elastic body deformation from the outer circumference to the inner circumference is solved, namely the distribution situation of the surface pressure is improved, the locking rigidity and the positioning precision are improved.

In practice, the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 can be realized by adopting various structures, and one of the structures is provided as follows: the first elastic body comprises a first annular groove and a first sealing ring arranged in the first annular groove; the second elastic body comprises a second annular groove and a second sealing ring arranged in the second annular groove.

In a specific implementation, the first annular groove may include a first inner annular groove and a first outer annular groove, the first seal ring includes a first inner seal ring and a first outer seal ring, the first inner seal ring is disposed in the first inner annular groove, the first outer seal ring is disposed in the first outer annular groove, and the first outer annular groove is disposed at an outer periphery of the first inner seal ring; the second annular groove can include a second inner annular groove and a second outer annular groove, the second sealing ring includes a second inner sealing ring and a second outer sealing ring, the second inner sealing ring is arranged in the second inner annular groove, the second outer sealing ring is arranged in the second outer annular groove, and the second outer annular groove is arranged on the periphery of the second inner sealing ring.

For example, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the first elastic body 3 includes a first inner annular groove 25, a first outer annular groove 26, a first inner seal ring 13 provided in the first inner annular groove 25, and a first outer seal ring 14 provided in the first outer annular groove 26, the first outer annular groove 26 being provided on the outer periphery of the first inner seal ring 13; the second elastic body 4 includes a second inner annular groove 27, a second outer annular groove 28, a second inner seal ring 15 disposed in the second inner annular groove 27, and a second outer seal ring 16 disposed in the second outer annular groove 28, the second outer annular groove 28 being disposed on the outer periphery of the second inner seal ring 15.

That is, each elastic body has two annular grooves, an inner annular groove and an outer annular groove, the outer annular groove is arranged on the periphery of the inner annular groove, a sealing ring is arranged in each annular groove, and the sealing cavity can be obtained through the sealing action of the two sealing rings. That is, the first inner seal ring 13, the first outer seal ring 14, and the disc rotor 6 form the first seal cavity 21, and the second inner seal ring 15, the second outer seal ring 16, and the disc rotor 6 form the second seal cavity 22.

In a specific implementation, in order to fix the elastic body on the corresponding cover body, the locking device provided by the invention may further include: a first screw 11 for fixing the first elastic body 3 to the first cover 1, and a second screw 12 for fixing the second elastic body 4 to the second cover 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a screw hole is formed in the inner periphery of the first cover 1, and the first elastic body 3 is fixed to the first cover 1 by providing a first screw 11. One screw hole is provided on the inner periphery of the second lid 2, and the second elastic body 4 is fixed to the second lid 2 by providing the second screw 12.

In practical implementation, the locking device provided by the invention further comprises a rotating shaft backing ring 7 arranged on the brake disc 6, and through holes are formed in the brake disc 6 and the rotating shaft backing ring 7 and used for matching with bolts to connect the brake disc 6 and the rotating shaft backing ring 7 to a rotating shaft of a machine tool.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, through holes 30 are provided at corresponding positions of the brake disc 6 and the spindle backing ring 7, and the locking device can be fixed to the machine tool rotating shaft through the through holes 30.

In specific implementation, a counter bore 29 is arranged on the periphery of the first cover body 1, and the counter bore 29 is used for being matched with a bolt to connect the first cover body 1 with a machine tool case.

As shown in fig. 1, a ring of counter bores 29 is provided at the edge of the first cover 1, and the locking device can be fixed to the machine tool housing through the counter bores 29.

In specific implementation, the locking device provided by the invention further comprises a cover body backing ring 5 and a third screw 8; the cover body backing ring 5 is arranged between the first cover body 1 and the second cover body 2 and is positioned on the outer ring of the brake disc 6; the third screw 8 is inserted into the first cover body 1, the cover body backing ring 5 and the second cover body 2, and is used for covering and fixing the first cover body 1 and the second cover body 2.

As shown in fig. 3, the cover backing ring 5 is annularly disposed on the outer periphery of the brake disc 6, and is sandwiched between the first cover 1 and the second cover 2, so as to adjust the gap between the two elastic bodies 3, 4 and the brake disc 6. The first cover body 1, the cover body backing ring 5 and the second cover body 2 are fixed together through the third screws 8, and the first cover body 1 and the second cover body 2 are fixed.

As shown in fig. 5, an oil inlet of the first oil inlet channel 17 is disposed on the upper surface of the first cover body 1, the second oil inlet channel includes a first oil inlet channel 18, a second oil inlet channel 19 and a third oil inlet channel 20, the three oil inlet channels are communicated, a plug 10 is disposed between the second oil inlet channel 19 and the side surface of the second cover body 2, an extension joint 9 is disposed on the first cover body 1, the extension joint 9 is communicated with the third oil inlet channel 20, so that hydraulic oil enters the second seal cavity 22 through the extension joint 9, the third oil inlet channel 20, the second oil inlet channel 19 and the first oil inlet channel 18, and hydraulic oil is injected into the second seal cavity 22.

It can be understood that when the locking is required to be released, only the hydraulic oil in the first sealed cavity 21 needs to be released, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the second sealed cavity 22 is released through the extension joint 9 and the second oil inlet channel, the first elastic body 3 and the second elastic body 4 return to the original shapes under the elastic action of themselves, the first gap 23 and the second gap 24 recover, and the brake disc 6 returns to rotate freely.

In the above scheme, when locking is needed, hydraulic oil is injected into the first sealing cavity through the first oil inlet channel, and hydraulic oil is injected into the second sealing cavity through the second oil inlet channel, so that the first elastic body and the second elastic body extrude towards the brake disc under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the brake disc stops running due to the friction force between the brake disc and the first elastic body as well as the second elastic body, thereby realizing locking. Due to the adoption of the double-elastic-body structure, compared with a single-elastic-body structure in the prior art, the locking device provided by the invention can provide at least one time higher compression pressure compared with the prior art, so that the deformation of the brake disc can be reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced.

In addition, the locking device provided by the invention is independent from a machine tool, and when the locking device needs to be detached from the machine tool, the locking device can be detached from the machine tool only by detaching the bolt connected to the main shaft and the bolt connected to the case at the same time. The invention adopts the modularization idea to extract the locking device from the machine tool and designs the locking device into a relatively independent device, thereby avoiding the repeated design of the locking device in the machine tool design and the disassembly of the whole machine tool during maintenance, being convenient for design, installation and maintenance and saving the design and maintenance cost.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.